Charles Ballinger 2007

National Association for Year-Round EducationNational Association for Year-Round Education

NAYRENAYRECharles BallingerCharles Ballinger

Executive Director Emeritus

Email: info@nayre.org

Web: www.nayre.org

Fax: (858) 571-5754Phone: (619) 276-5296

San Diego CA 92171-1386PO Box 711386

2. Children might be on differing schedules.

4. Child care might not be available.

6. Students might not find and hold jobs after calendar modification.

8. Students might not be able to be involved in out-of-school activities, extracurricular activities, and sports.

10.There is no air-conditioning during warm weather.

12.Facility cleaning and maintenance will be disrupted.

14.Teachers will have difficulty with in-service and graduate work.

16.Family vacations will be difficult to schedule.

Eight Reasons Given to Avoid Calendar Modification

1. Modified, balanced calendars can effectively maintain student interest in learning.

3. Students, learning differently, require different time configurations.

5. Intersession classes provide faster remediation and advanced enrichment.

7. Students learning a second language can benefit from the balanced calendar.

9. Co-curricular and extracurricular activities can take place throughout the year and can reinforce previous learning.

11.Teachers can take advantage of year-long opportunities for staff development.

Six Generalized Reasons for Calendar Modification

School Year FlexibilitySchool Year Flexibility

365 Days per calendar year365 Days per calendar year-180 Days of legislatively-mandated instruction annually

-104 Weekend days (Saturday and Sunday)

- 10 Winter Holidays (Christmas and New Year’s)

- 11 Other Legal Holidays

60 Remaining optional/flexible days60 Remaining optional/flexible days

45-15 Single Track Model45-15 Single Track Model

45 Classroom Days

45 Classroom Days

45 Classroom Days

45 Classroom Days

15SchoolDaysOff

15SchoolDaysOff

15SchoolDaysOff

15SchoolDaysOff

45-15 Single-Track Calendar45-15 Single-Track Calendar

Dual Plan - 45-15 and TraditionalDual Plan - 45-15 and Traditional

National Association for Year-Round EducationNational Association for Year-Round Education

Track 1

Student Holiday Weekend

National Association for Year-Round EducationNational Association for Year-Round Education

Student Holiday Weekend

Track 1

Track 2

National Association for Year-Round EducationNational Association for Year-Round Education

Student Holiday Weekend

Track 1

Track 2

Track 3

National Association for Year-Round EducationNational Association for Year-Round Education

Student Holiday Weekend

Track 1

Track 2

Track 3

Track 4

National Association for Year-Round EducationNational Association for Year-Round Education

60 Classroom Days 60 Classroom Days 60 Classroom Days

20 School DaysOff

20 School DaysOff

20 School DaysOff

60-20 Single-Track Calendar60-20 Single-Track Calendar

60 Classroom Days 60 Classroom Days 60 Classroom Days15

SchoolDaysOff

15SchoolDaysOff

15SchoolDaysOff

15SchoolDaysOff

60-15 Single-Track Calendar60-15 Single-Track Calendar

90-30 Single-Track Calendar90-30 Single-Track Calendar

3

Wks

3

Wks

3

Wks

3

Wks

3

Wks

3

Wks

3

Wks

3

Wks

3

Wks

3

Wks

3

Wks

3

Wks

3

Wks

3

Wks

3

Wks

3

Wks

Flexible All-Year Model – Single TrackFlexible All-Year Model – Single Track

Personalized Continuous Model Personalized Continuous Model

Single TrackSingle Track

Instructional Considerations of Common Year-Round Instructional Considerations of Common Year-Round CalendarsCalendars

Instructional Considerations of Common Year-Round Instructional Considerations of Common Year-Round CalendarsCalendars

Short List of Common Intersession ClassesShort List of Common Intersession Classes

ElementaryElementary

Remedial ClassesRemedial Classes

English Grade 3

Language Arts Grade 4

Mathematics Grade 5

Language Arts grade 5

Science Grade 6

Enrichment ClassesEnrichment Classes

Discovering Dinosaurs

Learning About the Ocean

Young Poets

Science in the Laboratory

Exploring the Nation’s Capital

Short List of Common Intersession ClassesShort List of Common Intersession Classes

High SchoolHigh School

Remedial ClassesRemedial Classes

English 9

English 10

Second Language Learners

Algebra I

Algebra II

American History

Enrichment ClassesEnrichment Classes

Astronomy

Music Appreciation

Psychology

History of Art

Science Fair

Geology

Length of School Year/Vacation 2004-05 - CanadaLength of School Year/Vacation 2004-05 - Canada

Length of School Year/Vacation 2004-05 Length of School Year/Vacation 2004-05

Countries Other than the U.S. and CanadaCountries Other than the U.S. and Canada

Comparison of Calendars – US, Canada, Great BritainComparison of Calendars – US, Canada, Great Britain

Calendar Reform ResearchCalendar Reform Research

ResearchResearch Generate new knowledge; resolve contradictions and inconsistencies. Attempt to control variables

EvaluationEvaluation Collect systematic information to determine the extent to which educational objectives are actually realized. Initiated to guide and facilitate decision making and to determine effectiveness

NOTE: School Districts in Large Part Utilize Evaluation NOTE: School Districts in Large Part Utilize Evaluation MethodologyMethodology

Research/Evaluation ResultsResearch/Evaluation Results

Bottom LineBottom Line No studies demonstrate effectiveness of traditional calendar

No studies demonstrate academic harm in any of the modified/balanced calendars

ResultsResults Meta-analyses to date suggest a slight gain for all students

Gain of one month each year for 12 years equals 1.33 additional years on instruction.

More significant gains noticeable in specific student populations known as educationally-challenged

National Association for Year-Round EducationNational Association for Year-Round Education

NAYRENAYRE

Email: info@nayre.orgWeb: www.nayre.org

Fax: (858) 571 - 5754Phone: (619) 276 - 5296

San Diego CA 92171-1386PO Box 711386