BSBOHS509 Ensure a Safe Workplace - 1

SESSION 1SAFETY FOR WORKPLACES

• BSBOHS509A Ensure a safe workplace

SESSION 1SAFETY FOR WORKPLACES

SESSION 1 OBJECTIVES

• By the end of this session, you will be able to:

• Identify key OHS legislation and guidance material.

• Develop responsibilities and resources required for an OHS policy.

• Identify the costs of illness and injury to an organisation.

• Identify the impacts of an OHS incident on the organisation and on

its customers, suppliers and environment.

PURPOSE OF THIS PRESENTATION

• This presentation explains the major developments in Australian

safety thinking over the years, and the current framework of OHS

legislation and guidance.

WHY BOTHER WITH OHS?

• prosecution under law for non compliance

• organisation’s reputation

• cost

• employee/manager relations

• efficiency gains through systems focus.

• What’s missing from this list?

OHS OVER THE YEARS

• Australian High Court ruling in favor of workers in 1956 building

site case – need ‘safe system of work.’

• Focus changed from prescriptive to performance based:

• Robens Report UK 1970-1972 – laws too varied and too specific

leading to confusion and lack of ownership of safety.

• Harmonisation across Australia:

• National OHS Strategy 2002 – 2012.

OUR LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORKRequirements

ActsFederal State and Territory

Mandatory

Regulations Mandatory

Codes of Practice Should be followed unless a safer method can be demonstrated

Standards and other guidance material

Advisory only

Workplace polices and procedures Mandatory

CURRENT OHS LEGISLATIONRelevant region

Name of OHS Act

Federal Occupational Health and Safety Act 1991 (From 1/1/2012 - Work Health and Safety Act 2011)

NSW Occupational Health and Safety Act 2000

Victoria Occupational Health and Safety Act 2004

Queensland Workplace Health and Safety Act 1995(The Queensland Parliament passed the Work Health and Safety Act 2011 (the WHS Act 2011) on 26 May 2011. The WHS Act 2011 reflects the national model WHS Act with minor (but necessary) changes which enable it to operate within the Queensland jurisdiction.This was followed on 24 November 2011 with the approval of the Work Health and Safety Regulation 2011 (the WHS Regulation 2011) by the Queensland Governor in Council. The WHS Regulation reflects the national model WHS Regulation, with some changes, which will enable it to operate effectively in Queensland.The new legislation came into force on 1 January 2012.)http://www.legislation.qld.gov.au/LEGISLTN/CURRENT/W/WorkHSA11.pdfhttp://www.deir.qld.gov.au/workplace/law/whslaws/index.htm

SA Occupational Health and Safety and Welfare Act 1986

WA Occupational Health and Safety Act 1984

Tasmania Occupational Health and Safety Act 1991

NT Work Health Act 1986

ACT Occupational Health and Safety Act 1989

HOLDING IT ALL TOGETHERSESSION 2

SESSION 2 OBJECTIVES

• By the end of this session, you will be able to:

• Design an OHS management system based on legal requirements.

• Develop a method of auditing the system to ensure its ongoing

operation.

• Effectively induct and train employees to support the OHS system

PURPOSE OF THIS PRESENTATION

• This presentation describes how the various aspects of thinking

and planning are brought together and managed by the OHS

management system.

OHS MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS (OHSMS)

• An OHSMS describes how an organisation plans to:

• Define its OHS policy and commitment to the OHSMS.

• Fulfil its OHS policy, objectives and targets.

• Make these plans work ‘on the ground’.

• Measure and evaluate its OHS performance.

• Review and improve the OHSMS and therefore its performance.

EFFECTIVE OHSMS CHARACTERISTICS

• OHSMS should:

• Be appropriate for the organisation

• Be integrated with other systems and main functions of the

organisation

• Improve the overall performance of the organisation

• Help the organisation meet its legal responsibilities.

THE OHSMS MODEL

OHS Policy

Planning

ImplementationMeasurement and Evaluation

Management Review

ContinuousImprovement

OHSMS TEMPLATES

• AS/NZS 4801 & 4804

• ISO 9001 & 14004

• Safety M.A.P (Safety Management Achievement Program)

• Privately developed templates.

EVERYONE IS A PARTNER IN SAFETYSESSION 3

SESSION 3. OBJECTIVES

• By the end of this session, you will be able to:

• Explain the legal requirements for workplace consultation in

organisations.

• Develop a strategic response to an OHS issue involving all parties

in the resolution process.

• Communicate outcomes in a helpful manner to all concerned.

PURPOSE OF THIS PRESENTATION

• This presentation provides the legislative requirements for

participation in OHS management in the workplace.

LEGAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WORKPLACE CONSULTATION

• General requirements:

• Designated Work Groups (DWGs)

• OHS Representatives (OHS Reps)

• workplace change consultation

• safety problem and resolution consultation

• OHS Committee

• OHS Reps facilities and support

• consultation about resolution process

• expert OHS advice for OHS Reps.

SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS

• There are a variety of specific requirements for each of these

areas under the different State and Territory OHS Acts across

Australia as well as the Federal one.

• The process of ‘harmonisation’ is currently bringing these together

so that they will not vary. It is being facilitated by Australian

Safety and Compensation Council (ASSC).

WHAT COULD HAPPENSESSION 4

SESSION 4. OBJECTIVES

• By the end of this session, you will be able to:

• Develop clear hazard identification and risk assessment

methodologies.

• Develop effective risk control measures using the hierarchy of

control.

• Improve existing risk control measures according to the hierarchy

of control.

• Identify points where expert OHS advice would be required.

• Demonstrate the back to work process for injured workers.

PURPOSE OF THIS PRESENTATION

• This presentation will discuss the principles of hazard

identification, risk assessment and control. The hierarchy of

controls will be discussed using the concept of ‘Safe Place’ and

‘Safe Person’.

HAZARD? RISK?Hazard Risk

Unstable ladder Employee falls and breaks arm

Noisy machinery Hearing loss

Repeated action OOS (Occupational Overuse Syndrome) RSI (Repetitive Strain Injury)

Heavy parcels Back injury

Cluttered walkways Slips/trips

Dirty floors Slips

Outside work Skin cancer

Working with asbestos Asbestosis

HAZARD IDENTIFICATION

• What could go wrong?

• physical

• chemical

• ergonomic

• radiation

• psychological

• biological.

RISK ASSESSMENT

• How bad could it be?

• Two variables:

• Likelihood – what is the possibility of the hazard causing illness

or injury?

• Severity – what level of illness or injury will the hazard cause?

• These two things are used to give a risk rating, and therefore a

priority, to each of the hazards that arise.

A RISK ASSESSMENT MATRIX

Severity of harm

Likelihood of occurrence

Highly likely Likely Unlikely Highly unlikely

Life threatenin

g

Unacceptable risk

Permanent injury

Temporary injury

Acceptable risk

Discomfort

Nuisance only

Negligible risk

HIERARCHY OF CONTROLS

Eliminate

Substitute

Modify System

Isolate

Engineering Controls

Administrative/Backup Controls

Safe place

Safe person

WHAT IS HAPPENING?SESSION 5

SESSION 5. OBJECTIVES

• By the end of this session, you will be able to:

• Develop Key Performance Indicators and Positive Performance

Indicators for OHS policies and procedures.

• Identify sources of workplace OHS data and treat those which are

subject to privacy legislation appropriately.

• Analyse OHS data to identify trends and suggest possible

solutions.

• Identify effective methods of feedback to managers and

employees to ensure follow-up action.

PURPOSE OF THIS PRESENTATION

• This presentation will introduce the concept of OHS progress

measurement, including the use of Key Performance Indicators

(KPIs) and Positive Performance Indicators (PPIs).

WHY MEASURE OHS PERFORMANCE?

• Allows evaluation and readjustment of OHS focus where

necessary.

• Allows preparation for external audit.

• Performance based OHS requires more investment from

organisation.

• Board and management keen to know the return on this

investment.

KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS (KPIS)

• Negative, outcome or lag indicators:

• Injury/illness related

• Some examples:

• Lost Time Injury Frequency Rate (LTIFR)

• incidence rate.

• Positive, process or leading indicators:

• System related

• Some examples:

• safety inspections complete

• people trained.

OUTCOME MEASURES – THE PROBLEMS

• Unsafe conditions don’t always result in accidents.

• Low reporting makes outcome results look better and so is

subconsciously encouraged.

• Indicators of potentially serious incidents are not recorded.

• Don’t measure delayed outcomes well.

• Often too few accidents to identify patterns in unsafe behavior.

• Outcomes measure past practice not current.

• Don’t indicate which risks are still there.

POSITIVE PERFORMANCE INDICATORS (PPIS)

• Address quite a few of the problems.

• Should be used with outcome measures.

• Always have a built in target for performance.

• Developed as a result of the move to performance based OHS

management.

• Encourage the development and maintenance of effective OHS

management systems.

• Rely on good recording and documentation.