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Chapter 2
The Significance of Film Form
1© 2013 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
Form as a System
• Artwork cues us to perform an activity.• The cues are a system that can be analyzed.• Form can be content.
2© 2013 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
Form and Expectation
• By building expectation, form can deliver many reactions.
• Shock, surprise, satisfaction, and suspense all build upon the viewer’s assumptions.
3© 2013 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
Conventions and Experience
• Conventions are based on the viewer’s prior experience.
• Artwork can create new expectations and conventions.
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Form and Feeling
• Emotions within the artwork and emotional responses from the viewer can interact.
• This relationship can be complicated and affected by personal experience.
5© 2013 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
Form and Meaning
• Referential: meanings within a film that rely on familiarity with significant places or things.
• Explicit: meanings that are openly asserted.• Implicit: an implied or interpreted meaning.• Symptomatic: an abstract, general meaning
that depends on social ideology.
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Evaluation: Good, Bad, or Indifferent?
• Criteria should guide objective evaluation. • Personal taste and “goodness” or “badness”
do not enter into evaluation.
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Principles of Film Form
• A unified set of related, interdependent elements that create relationships between the parts.
• Many are a matter of convention.
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Function
• Every element within a film can have one or more function, fulfilling role(s) within the whole system.
• Consider an element’s motivation when looking for significant functions.
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Similarity and Repetition
• A significant element that is repeated in a film is a motif.
• Patterns of motifs create expectation.• Strong similarities and repetition can create
parallelism.
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Difference and Variation
• Changes and variations of elements can create variety, contrast, and change.
• Seldom does repetition occur in exactly the same way in a film, and the differences can be meaningful.
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Development
• A progression moving from beginning to middle to end.
• A segmentation can point out similarities, differences, and progression.
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Unity and Disunity
• How relationships among elements come together or do not.
• Creates broad patterns and thematic meanings.
13© 2013 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
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