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WRITINGYOURBIO196PAPER
MarilenM.Parungao1stSemester2010‐2011
RESEARCHPAPERSTHATYOUCANWRITETHISACADEMICYEAR…
• Primaryorexperimentalresearchpapers(THESIS)– describeanexperimentperformedbytheauthor– thepaperisaboutanovelinves>ga>onconductedbytheauthor
• Secondaryorreviewresearchpaperssummarizetheresearchthathasbeendoneinapar>culararea– Reviewsgenerallydonotintroducemuchnewinforma>onornewresults,butrathersynthesizealargerbodyofwork,providinganewperspec>veonafieldorques>on
YOURBIO196SCIENTIFICREVIEWPAPER
• Isnota'bookreport'oranannotatedlistofexperimentsinapar>cularfield– Demandsaconsiderable,completeliteraturereview– Beyondjustrepor>ngtheresultsandconclusionsofother
studies– Mustintegrate,interpretandexpandtheseconclusions
• ReviewpapersoLentakehistoricalperspec>ves,describinghowafield(andthemajorques>onsinthatfield)changedasmoreinforma>onwasaccumulated
• Reviewpapersmayfocuson'thestateoftheart'inapar>cularfield;interpre>ngdivergentresultsandsugges>nganappropriateavenueforfutureresearch.
TIPSFORYOURBIO196SCIENTIFICREVIEWPAPER
• TIPS:– Presentrelevanceofapar>cularresultorconclusion
– Combineconclusionsofseparateinves>ga>onsintoacohesivepresenta>on
– Maybecontrastedandcompared;arethereconflic>ngconclusions?
– Canapparentconflictsberesolvedthroughanewoutlookorinterpreta>on?
HOWWILLYOUWRITEYOURBIO196PAPER
BEFOREYOUCANORALLYPRESENTANYTHNG,WRITESOMETHING!
WHATSHOULDITCONTAIN?• Title• Abstract• Introduc>on• Body• Conclusion• Acknowledgements• LiteratureCited
• NOTE:– 1)researchatopicandfindapar>cularsetofissues,resultsor
opinionsthatseeminconflict;– 2)researchthisareainmoredetail,andthenthinkindependently– 3)Buildanthateithersupportsonesideoftheconflictorresolvesit
ABSTRACT• Thisisaconcisesummaryofthepaper:shortandshouldincludeasentencedescribingeachofthesetopics:– objec>vesandintroduc>on(background)– methods– results– conclusionsanddiscussion(relevance)–
• Whereyoutrytogainthea[en>onofthereader:ORyourreadermaynotwanttocon>nuereadingyourpaper
• LASTTOWRITE!
INTRODUCTION• Focusesthereaderontheissuesyouwilldescribeorcontrastinthebodyofyourpaper
• Establishesacommonpointofdepartureforreaderswithdifferentlevelsofexper>se
• Itshouldprovidesomejus>fica>onforthepaper(whytheissueisimportant),anditshouldpresenttheobjec>veofthepaper
• NOTE:Directthereaderfrombroaderbackgroundinforma>ontothespecificissuesthatyouwilladdress
BODY
• Outlineswillbeabighelptoyouatthisstage
• Don'tbeafraidtowriteyourideasdonebeforetheyareperfectlyformed
• Youcanplacetheminalogicalsequenceanddevelopthemintoaflowingpresenta>on
WHATTHEBODYSHOULDCONTAIN• ExperimentalEvidence:Describeimportantresultsfromrecentprimaryliteraturear>clesandexplainhowthoseresultsshapeourcurrentunderstandingofthetopic
• Men>onthetypesofexperimentsdoneandtheircorrespondingdata,butdonotrepeattheexperimentalprocedurestepforstep
• Pointoutandaddressanycontroversiesinthefield
• Usefiguresand/ortablestopresentyourownsynthesisoftheoriginaldataortoshowkeydatatakendirectlyfromtheoriginalpapers
CONCLUSION
• Redefinetheobjec>veofthestudyandshowhowyousa>sfiedthesegoals
• Itshouldstrengthentherela>onshipbetweentheideasyouhavebuiltinthebodyofthepaper
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
• Thankthepeoplewhohelpedyouresearchtheques>on,designorconducttheexperiment,andreviewdraLETC…
LITERATURECITED
• Thissec>oncontainsbibliographicalinforma>ononthereferencesthatwerecitedinthebodyofthepaper
• Onlylistthereferencesthatwereactuallycitedinthebodyofthetext
• APAFormatinci>ngreferences
FORMATTINGYOURPAPER• Usedoublespacing(or1.5)
• 12pt./TimesRoman
• MAXOF12PAGES
• Oneinchmarginsonallsides
• Pagenumberinginlowerrightispreferred
READY?BUTFIRST,CHOOSEATOPIC!
1. THEME‐CENTERED2. CLASSWILLCHOSETHETHEME
TIMELINEDATE class 9-10 class 10-11
June 21
Lecture 1: Making your Review and Assigning of Presentors
Lecture 1: Making your Review and Assigning of Presentors
June 28 Lecture 2: How to Present your Paper
Lecture 2: How to Present your Paper
July
Library Work to Finish Review paper (Submit Review Paper on July 26 to Reactor and Faculty-in-Charge)
Library Work to Finish Review paper (Submit Review Paper on July 26 to Reactor and Faculty-in-Charge)
August and September
Seminar Proper (3 papers at a time)
Seminar Proper (3 papers at a time)
August 2 Speaker 1-3 August 9 Speaker 1-3 August 16 Speaker 4-6 August 23 Speaker 4-6 August 30 Speaker 7-9 Seotember 6 Speaker 7-9
September 13 Speaker 10 and Awarding
September 20 Speaker 10 and Awarding
TOPICS:JUNE28OUTLINE:JULY5FIRSTDRAFT:JULY26FINALDRAFT:SEPTEMBER27
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