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Golden Rice on a Mission
Peter Beyer, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Germany
IFPRI Policy Seminar, April 2011
Golden Rice is a geneticallymodified plant
Golden Rice cannnot be achieved by breeding
The transfer of two biosynthetic genesis required coding for
a plant enzyme (phytoene synthase)
a bacterial phytoene desaturase (CrtI)
Prototype
Ye et al., (2000) Science 287:303
Prototypes were improvedPrototype
Golden Rice 1Promoter exchange, high-throuput transformation
Golden Rice 2Exchange of the phytoene synthase gene daffodil → maize
1.6 µg/g
5-7 µg/g
31 µg/g
Paine et al. (2005) Nat. Biotechnol.23:482-7.
9 events into 11 selected varieties (MAS), preceding event selectionsuch as:
IR64 & IR36: Mega-varieties with broad Asian coverage BRRI dhan 29 : The most popular boro rice variety in BangladeshPSB Rc82: The most popular rice variety in the PhilippinesOS 6561: Most popular in VietnamChehirang: Leading variety in Indonesia Swarna Important in India
Towards a useful product: breeding of ß-carotene loci into popular Asian varieties
Partner Institutions:o IRRI (Int.)o Philrice (Philippines)o BRRI (Bangladesh)o CLRRI (Vietnam)o IARI (India)o TNAU (India)o DRR (India)
Event selection (All single locus intact ingtegration)
Which event(s) produce consistent levels of povitamin A across cultivars?
Which event(s) reproduce consistently the characteristics of the recurrent parents?
Which level of provitamin A must be delivered by GR to be effective? Human bioavailability studyConducted at TUFTS University
Bioconversion determined:3.8-to-1
Tang et al., (2009) Golden Rice is an effective source of vitamin A. Am J Clin Nutr89:1776–83
The big question
Event selection completed
Golden Rice Licensee Network members beinginformed of lead& backup event.
All other events arebeing destroyed
IRRI, March 2009
From a technical perspective we are now „ready to go“ tofulfill „The Mission“:
“…to effect the free transfer of the Golden Rice technology into local crop varieties within appropriate biosafety and regulatory structures, for provision to defined resource poor farmers who may grow, locally sell or consume the resultingcrop (the “Mission”)”1
Vitamin A-DeficiencyAreas
Golden Rice Humanitarian Board Mission Statement
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