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A sport played by two teams of
five players on a rectangular court
The objective is
to shoot a ball through a hoop 18
inches (46 cm) in diameter and 10
feet (30 m) high mounted to
a backboard at each end
Basketball is one of the worlds
most popular and widely viewed
sports
A team score by shootingthe ball through the basketduring regular play
FIELD GOAL
2 points ndash scores for the shootingteam if a player is touchingor closer to the basket thanthe three-point line
3 points(known commonly as a 3pointer or three) - if theplayer can shot behindthe three-point line
Kinds of field goal
The team with the most pointsat the end of the game wins
May be issued when the gameends with a draw
Overtime
History
Canadian American Dr James Naismith a physical education professor and instructor at the
International Young Mens Christian Association Training
School(YMCA) (today Springfield College) in Springfield Massachusetts USA)
In early December 1891 USA)
was trying to keep his gym class active on a rainy day He
sought a vigorous indoor game to keep his students
occupied and at proper levels of fitness during the long New
England winters
After rejecting other ideas as either too rough or poorly
suited to walled-in gymnasiums he wrote the
basic rules and nailed a peach basket onto a 10-
foot (305 m) elevated track
Peach basketRetained its bottomand balls had to be retrievedmanually after each basketor point scored this provedinefficient however so thebottom of the basket wasremoved allowing the balls tobe poked out with along dowel each time
This proved inefficienthowever so the bottom of thebasket was removed allowingthe balls to be poked out witha long dowel each time
Basketball was originally played with a soccer ball
Brown color- first balls
Late 1950s
Tony Hinkle searching for a ball that would be more visible to players and spectators alike introduced the orange ball that
is now in common use
Passing the ball was theprimary means of ballmovement
Dribbling was not part ofthe original game except forthe bounce pass toteammates
Dribbling was eventuallyintroduced but limited by theasymmetric shape of earlyballs
Dribbling only becamea major part of the gamearound the 1950s asmanufacturing improvedthe ball shape
The peach baskets wereused until 1906 when they werefinally replaced by metal hoopswith backboards A furtherchange was soon made so theball merely passed through
Whenever a persongot the ball in thebasket his team wouldgain a point Whicheverteam got the mostpoints won the game
The baskets were originallynailed to the mezzanine balconyof the playing court but thisproved impractical whenspectators on the balcony beganto interfere with shots Thebackboard was introduced toprevent this interference it hadthe additional effect of allowingrebound shots
Naismith handwritten diariesdiscovered by his granddaughter inearly 2006 indicate that he wasnervous about the new game hehad invented which incorporatedrules from a childrens game calledDuck on a Rock as many hadfailed before it Naismith called thenew game Basket Ballldquo
The first official gamewas played in the YMCAgymnasium in Albany NewYork on January 20 1892 withnine players
The game ended at 1ndash0the shot was made from 25feet (76 m) on a court justhalf the size of a present-day Streetball or NationalBasketball Association (NBA)court By 1897ndash1898 teamsof five became standard
Rules and Regulations
A one-point shot can be earned when shooting from the foul line
after a foul is made
Teams exchange baskets forthe second half The time allowedis actual playing time the clock isstopped while the play is notactive Therefore games generallytake much longer to completethan the allotted game timetypically about two hours
Five players from each teammay be on the court at one time
Substitutions are unlimited butcan only be done when play isstopped
Teams also have a coachwho oversees the developmentand strategies of the team andother team personnel suchas assistant coaches managersstatisticians doctors andtrainers
A limited number of time-outs clock stoppages requestedby a coach (or sometimesmandated in the NBA) for a shortmeeting with the players areallowed They generally last nolonger than one minute (100seconds in the NBA) unless fortelevised games a commercialbreak is needed
Uniformconsists
ofa pair of shorts
a jersey with a clearly visible
number unique within the team printed on both
the front and back
Players wear high-top sneakers that
provide extra ankle support
OFFICIALS
For college the NBA and manyhigh schools there are a total ofthree referees on the court
The table officials areresponsible for keeping track of eachteams scoring timekeepingindividual and team fouls playersubstitutions team possessionarrow and the shot clock
Equipments
The only essential equipmentin a basketball game is the ball andthe court a flat rectangular surfacewith baskets at opposite endsCompetitive levels require the use ofmore equipment such as clocks scoresheets scoreboard(s) alternatingpossession arrows and whistle-operated stop-clock systems
Court
Ball
Violations
Forfeits Possession
(The ball must stay withinthe court)-the last team totouch the ball before it travelsout of bounds
Out of Bounds
The ball is out of bounds ifit touches or crosses over aboundary line or touches aplayer who is out of bounds
Traveling
The ball-handler may notstep with both feet withoutdribbling
Double Dribbling
Dribble with both handsor hold the ball and resumedribbling
Carrying the Ball
Any part of the playershand cannot be directlyunder the ball whiledribbling
A team once having establishedball control in the front half of theircourt may not return the ball to thebackcourt and be the first to touchit
The ball may not be kicked norbe struck with the fist
A violation of these rules resultsin loss of possession or ifcommitted by the defense a resetof the shot clock (with someexceptions in the NBA)
Limits imposed on
Limits imposed
on
Limits imposed
on
No player may touch the ball onits downward trajectory to thebasket unless it is obvious that theball has no chance of entering thebasket (goaltending)
In addition no player maytouch the ball while it is on or inthe basket when any part of theball is in the spacious cylinderabove the basket (the areaextended upwards from thebasket) or when the ball is outsidethe cylinder if the player reachesthrough the basket and touches itThis violation is known as basketinterference
If a defensive player goaltendsor commits basket interference thebasket is awarded and theoffending team gets the ball If ateammate of the player shootinggoaltends or commits interferencethe basket is cancelled and playcontinues with the defensive teambeing given possession
HAND SIGNALS
FOULS
An attempt to unfairlydisadvantage an opponentthrough physical contact and itrsquosillegal
Players who are fouled eitherreceive the ball to pass inboundsagain or receive one or more freethrows if they are fouled in the act ofshooting depending on whether theshot was successful
One point is awarded for making afree throw which is attempted from aline 15 feet (46 m) from the basket
Technical Foul
A more serious foul that can becharged to a player or coach whoshows poor sportsmanship such asby arguing with a referee or byfighting with another player
The penalty involves free throws(where unlike a personal foul theother team can choose any player toshoot) and varies among leaguesRepeated incidents can resultin disqualification
Disqualifying Foul (FIBA)
A foul resulting in ejection Whilein leagues other than the NBA such afoul is referred to as flagrant
When a team shoots foul shotsthe opponents may not interferewith the shooter nor may they try toregain possession until the last orpotentially last free throw is in theair
After a team has committed aspecified number of fouls it is said tobe in the penalty On scoreboardsthis is usually signified with an indicatorlight reading Bonus or Penalty withan illuminated directional arrowindicating that team is to receive freethrows when fouled by the opposingteam (Some scoreboards also indicatethe number of fouls committed)
If A team misses the first shot ofa two-shot situation the opposingteam must wait for the completionof the second shot before attemptingto reclaim possession of the ball andcontinuing play
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
A team score by shootingthe ball through the basketduring regular play
FIELD GOAL
2 points ndash scores for the shootingteam if a player is touchingor closer to the basket thanthe three-point line
3 points(known commonly as a 3pointer or three) - if theplayer can shot behindthe three-point line
Kinds of field goal
The team with the most pointsat the end of the game wins
May be issued when the gameends with a draw
Overtime
History
Canadian American Dr James Naismith a physical education professor and instructor at the
International Young Mens Christian Association Training
School(YMCA) (today Springfield College) in Springfield Massachusetts USA)
In early December 1891 USA)
was trying to keep his gym class active on a rainy day He
sought a vigorous indoor game to keep his students
occupied and at proper levels of fitness during the long New
England winters
After rejecting other ideas as either too rough or poorly
suited to walled-in gymnasiums he wrote the
basic rules and nailed a peach basket onto a 10-
foot (305 m) elevated track
Peach basketRetained its bottomand balls had to be retrievedmanually after each basketor point scored this provedinefficient however so thebottom of the basket wasremoved allowing the balls tobe poked out with along dowel each time
This proved inefficienthowever so the bottom of thebasket was removed allowingthe balls to be poked out witha long dowel each time
Basketball was originally played with a soccer ball
Brown color- first balls
Late 1950s
Tony Hinkle searching for a ball that would be more visible to players and spectators alike introduced the orange ball that
is now in common use
Passing the ball was theprimary means of ballmovement
Dribbling was not part ofthe original game except forthe bounce pass toteammates
Dribbling was eventuallyintroduced but limited by theasymmetric shape of earlyballs
Dribbling only becamea major part of the gamearound the 1950s asmanufacturing improvedthe ball shape
The peach baskets wereused until 1906 when they werefinally replaced by metal hoopswith backboards A furtherchange was soon made so theball merely passed through
Whenever a persongot the ball in thebasket his team wouldgain a point Whicheverteam got the mostpoints won the game
The baskets were originallynailed to the mezzanine balconyof the playing court but thisproved impractical whenspectators on the balcony beganto interfere with shots Thebackboard was introduced toprevent this interference it hadthe additional effect of allowingrebound shots
Naismith handwritten diariesdiscovered by his granddaughter inearly 2006 indicate that he wasnervous about the new game hehad invented which incorporatedrules from a childrens game calledDuck on a Rock as many hadfailed before it Naismith called thenew game Basket Ballldquo
The first official gamewas played in the YMCAgymnasium in Albany NewYork on January 20 1892 withnine players
The game ended at 1ndash0the shot was made from 25feet (76 m) on a court justhalf the size of a present-day Streetball or NationalBasketball Association (NBA)court By 1897ndash1898 teamsof five became standard
Rules and Regulations
A one-point shot can be earned when shooting from the foul line
after a foul is made
Teams exchange baskets forthe second half The time allowedis actual playing time the clock isstopped while the play is notactive Therefore games generallytake much longer to completethan the allotted game timetypically about two hours
Five players from each teammay be on the court at one time
Substitutions are unlimited butcan only be done when play isstopped
Teams also have a coachwho oversees the developmentand strategies of the team andother team personnel suchas assistant coaches managersstatisticians doctors andtrainers
A limited number of time-outs clock stoppages requestedby a coach (or sometimesmandated in the NBA) for a shortmeeting with the players areallowed They generally last nolonger than one minute (100seconds in the NBA) unless fortelevised games a commercialbreak is needed
Uniformconsists
ofa pair of shorts
a jersey with a clearly visible
number unique within the team printed on both
the front and back
Players wear high-top sneakers that
provide extra ankle support
OFFICIALS
For college the NBA and manyhigh schools there are a total ofthree referees on the court
The table officials areresponsible for keeping track of eachteams scoring timekeepingindividual and team fouls playersubstitutions team possessionarrow and the shot clock
Equipments
The only essential equipmentin a basketball game is the ball andthe court a flat rectangular surfacewith baskets at opposite endsCompetitive levels require the use ofmore equipment such as clocks scoresheets scoreboard(s) alternatingpossession arrows and whistle-operated stop-clock systems
Court
Ball
Violations
Forfeits Possession
(The ball must stay withinthe court)-the last team totouch the ball before it travelsout of bounds
Out of Bounds
The ball is out of bounds ifit touches or crosses over aboundary line or touches aplayer who is out of bounds
Traveling
The ball-handler may notstep with both feet withoutdribbling
Double Dribbling
Dribble with both handsor hold the ball and resumedribbling
Carrying the Ball
Any part of the playershand cannot be directlyunder the ball whiledribbling
A team once having establishedball control in the front half of theircourt may not return the ball to thebackcourt and be the first to touchit
The ball may not be kicked norbe struck with the fist
A violation of these rules resultsin loss of possession or ifcommitted by the defense a resetof the shot clock (with someexceptions in the NBA)
Limits imposed on
Limits imposed
on
Limits imposed
on
No player may touch the ball onits downward trajectory to thebasket unless it is obvious that theball has no chance of entering thebasket (goaltending)
In addition no player maytouch the ball while it is on or inthe basket when any part of theball is in the spacious cylinderabove the basket (the areaextended upwards from thebasket) or when the ball is outsidethe cylinder if the player reachesthrough the basket and touches itThis violation is known as basketinterference
If a defensive player goaltendsor commits basket interference thebasket is awarded and theoffending team gets the ball If ateammate of the player shootinggoaltends or commits interferencethe basket is cancelled and playcontinues with the defensive teambeing given possession
HAND SIGNALS
FOULS
An attempt to unfairlydisadvantage an opponentthrough physical contact and itrsquosillegal
Players who are fouled eitherreceive the ball to pass inboundsagain or receive one or more freethrows if they are fouled in the act ofshooting depending on whether theshot was successful
One point is awarded for making afree throw which is attempted from aline 15 feet (46 m) from the basket
Technical Foul
A more serious foul that can becharged to a player or coach whoshows poor sportsmanship such asby arguing with a referee or byfighting with another player
The penalty involves free throws(where unlike a personal foul theother team can choose any player toshoot) and varies among leaguesRepeated incidents can resultin disqualification
Disqualifying Foul (FIBA)
A foul resulting in ejection Whilein leagues other than the NBA such afoul is referred to as flagrant
When a team shoots foul shotsthe opponents may not interferewith the shooter nor may they try toregain possession until the last orpotentially last free throw is in theair
After a team has committed aspecified number of fouls it is said tobe in the penalty On scoreboardsthis is usually signified with an indicatorlight reading Bonus or Penalty withan illuminated directional arrowindicating that team is to receive freethrows when fouled by the opposingteam (Some scoreboards also indicatethe number of fouls committed)
If A team misses the first shot ofa two-shot situation the opposingteam must wait for the completionof the second shot before attemptingto reclaim possession of the ball andcontinuing play
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
2 points ndash scores for the shootingteam if a player is touchingor closer to the basket thanthe three-point line
3 points(known commonly as a 3pointer or three) - if theplayer can shot behindthe three-point line
Kinds of field goal
The team with the most pointsat the end of the game wins
May be issued when the gameends with a draw
Overtime
History
Canadian American Dr James Naismith a physical education professor and instructor at the
International Young Mens Christian Association Training
School(YMCA) (today Springfield College) in Springfield Massachusetts USA)
In early December 1891 USA)
was trying to keep his gym class active on a rainy day He
sought a vigorous indoor game to keep his students
occupied and at proper levels of fitness during the long New
England winters
After rejecting other ideas as either too rough or poorly
suited to walled-in gymnasiums he wrote the
basic rules and nailed a peach basket onto a 10-
foot (305 m) elevated track
Peach basketRetained its bottomand balls had to be retrievedmanually after each basketor point scored this provedinefficient however so thebottom of the basket wasremoved allowing the balls tobe poked out with along dowel each time
This proved inefficienthowever so the bottom of thebasket was removed allowingthe balls to be poked out witha long dowel each time
Basketball was originally played with a soccer ball
Brown color- first balls
Late 1950s
Tony Hinkle searching for a ball that would be more visible to players and spectators alike introduced the orange ball that
is now in common use
Passing the ball was theprimary means of ballmovement
Dribbling was not part ofthe original game except forthe bounce pass toteammates
Dribbling was eventuallyintroduced but limited by theasymmetric shape of earlyballs
Dribbling only becamea major part of the gamearound the 1950s asmanufacturing improvedthe ball shape
The peach baskets wereused until 1906 when they werefinally replaced by metal hoopswith backboards A furtherchange was soon made so theball merely passed through
Whenever a persongot the ball in thebasket his team wouldgain a point Whicheverteam got the mostpoints won the game
The baskets were originallynailed to the mezzanine balconyof the playing court but thisproved impractical whenspectators on the balcony beganto interfere with shots Thebackboard was introduced toprevent this interference it hadthe additional effect of allowingrebound shots
Naismith handwritten diariesdiscovered by his granddaughter inearly 2006 indicate that he wasnervous about the new game hehad invented which incorporatedrules from a childrens game calledDuck on a Rock as many hadfailed before it Naismith called thenew game Basket Ballldquo
The first official gamewas played in the YMCAgymnasium in Albany NewYork on January 20 1892 withnine players
The game ended at 1ndash0the shot was made from 25feet (76 m) on a court justhalf the size of a present-day Streetball or NationalBasketball Association (NBA)court By 1897ndash1898 teamsof five became standard
Rules and Regulations
A one-point shot can be earned when shooting from the foul line
after a foul is made
Teams exchange baskets forthe second half The time allowedis actual playing time the clock isstopped while the play is notactive Therefore games generallytake much longer to completethan the allotted game timetypically about two hours
Five players from each teammay be on the court at one time
Substitutions are unlimited butcan only be done when play isstopped
Teams also have a coachwho oversees the developmentand strategies of the team andother team personnel suchas assistant coaches managersstatisticians doctors andtrainers
A limited number of time-outs clock stoppages requestedby a coach (or sometimesmandated in the NBA) for a shortmeeting with the players areallowed They generally last nolonger than one minute (100seconds in the NBA) unless fortelevised games a commercialbreak is needed
Uniformconsists
ofa pair of shorts
a jersey with a clearly visible
number unique within the team printed on both
the front and back
Players wear high-top sneakers that
provide extra ankle support
OFFICIALS
For college the NBA and manyhigh schools there are a total ofthree referees on the court
The table officials areresponsible for keeping track of eachteams scoring timekeepingindividual and team fouls playersubstitutions team possessionarrow and the shot clock
Equipments
The only essential equipmentin a basketball game is the ball andthe court a flat rectangular surfacewith baskets at opposite endsCompetitive levels require the use ofmore equipment such as clocks scoresheets scoreboard(s) alternatingpossession arrows and whistle-operated stop-clock systems
Court
Ball
Violations
Forfeits Possession
(The ball must stay withinthe court)-the last team totouch the ball before it travelsout of bounds
Out of Bounds
The ball is out of bounds ifit touches or crosses over aboundary line or touches aplayer who is out of bounds
Traveling
The ball-handler may notstep with both feet withoutdribbling
Double Dribbling
Dribble with both handsor hold the ball and resumedribbling
Carrying the Ball
Any part of the playershand cannot be directlyunder the ball whiledribbling
A team once having establishedball control in the front half of theircourt may not return the ball to thebackcourt and be the first to touchit
The ball may not be kicked norbe struck with the fist
A violation of these rules resultsin loss of possession or ifcommitted by the defense a resetof the shot clock (with someexceptions in the NBA)
Limits imposed on
Limits imposed
on
Limits imposed
on
No player may touch the ball onits downward trajectory to thebasket unless it is obvious that theball has no chance of entering thebasket (goaltending)
In addition no player maytouch the ball while it is on or inthe basket when any part of theball is in the spacious cylinderabove the basket (the areaextended upwards from thebasket) or when the ball is outsidethe cylinder if the player reachesthrough the basket and touches itThis violation is known as basketinterference
If a defensive player goaltendsor commits basket interference thebasket is awarded and theoffending team gets the ball If ateammate of the player shootinggoaltends or commits interferencethe basket is cancelled and playcontinues with the defensive teambeing given possession
HAND SIGNALS
FOULS
An attempt to unfairlydisadvantage an opponentthrough physical contact and itrsquosillegal
Players who are fouled eitherreceive the ball to pass inboundsagain or receive one or more freethrows if they are fouled in the act ofshooting depending on whether theshot was successful
One point is awarded for making afree throw which is attempted from aline 15 feet (46 m) from the basket
Technical Foul
A more serious foul that can becharged to a player or coach whoshows poor sportsmanship such asby arguing with a referee or byfighting with another player
The penalty involves free throws(where unlike a personal foul theother team can choose any player toshoot) and varies among leaguesRepeated incidents can resultin disqualification
Disqualifying Foul (FIBA)
A foul resulting in ejection Whilein leagues other than the NBA such afoul is referred to as flagrant
When a team shoots foul shotsthe opponents may not interferewith the shooter nor may they try toregain possession until the last orpotentially last free throw is in theair
After a team has committed aspecified number of fouls it is said tobe in the penalty On scoreboardsthis is usually signified with an indicatorlight reading Bonus or Penalty withan illuminated directional arrowindicating that team is to receive freethrows when fouled by the opposingteam (Some scoreboards also indicatethe number of fouls committed)
If A team misses the first shot ofa two-shot situation the opposingteam must wait for the completionof the second shot before attemptingto reclaim possession of the ball andcontinuing play
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
The team with the most pointsat the end of the game wins
May be issued when the gameends with a draw
Overtime
History
Canadian American Dr James Naismith a physical education professor and instructor at the
International Young Mens Christian Association Training
School(YMCA) (today Springfield College) in Springfield Massachusetts USA)
In early December 1891 USA)
was trying to keep his gym class active on a rainy day He
sought a vigorous indoor game to keep his students
occupied and at proper levels of fitness during the long New
England winters
After rejecting other ideas as either too rough or poorly
suited to walled-in gymnasiums he wrote the
basic rules and nailed a peach basket onto a 10-
foot (305 m) elevated track
Peach basketRetained its bottomand balls had to be retrievedmanually after each basketor point scored this provedinefficient however so thebottom of the basket wasremoved allowing the balls tobe poked out with along dowel each time
This proved inefficienthowever so the bottom of thebasket was removed allowingthe balls to be poked out witha long dowel each time
Basketball was originally played with a soccer ball
Brown color- first balls
Late 1950s
Tony Hinkle searching for a ball that would be more visible to players and spectators alike introduced the orange ball that
is now in common use
Passing the ball was theprimary means of ballmovement
Dribbling was not part ofthe original game except forthe bounce pass toteammates
Dribbling was eventuallyintroduced but limited by theasymmetric shape of earlyballs
Dribbling only becamea major part of the gamearound the 1950s asmanufacturing improvedthe ball shape
The peach baskets wereused until 1906 when they werefinally replaced by metal hoopswith backboards A furtherchange was soon made so theball merely passed through
Whenever a persongot the ball in thebasket his team wouldgain a point Whicheverteam got the mostpoints won the game
The baskets were originallynailed to the mezzanine balconyof the playing court but thisproved impractical whenspectators on the balcony beganto interfere with shots Thebackboard was introduced toprevent this interference it hadthe additional effect of allowingrebound shots
Naismith handwritten diariesdiscovered by his granddaughter inearly 2006 indicate that he wasnervous about the new game hehad invented which incorporatedrules from a childrens game calledDuck on a Rock as many hadfailed before it Naismith called thenew game Basket Ballldquo
The first official gamewas played in the YMCAgymnasium in Albany NewYork on January 20 1892 withnine players
The game ended at 1ndash0the shot was made from 25feet (76 m) on a court justhalf the size of a present-day Streetball or NationalBasketball Association (NBA)court By 1897ndash1898 teamsof five became standard
Rules and Regulations
A one-point shot can be earned when shooting from the foul line
after a foul is made
Teams exchange baskets forthe second half The time allowedis actual playing time the clock isstopped while the play is notactive Therefore games generallytake much longer to completethan the allotted game timetypically about two hours
Five players from each teammay be on the court at one time
Substitutions are unlimited butcan only be done when play isstopped
Teams also have a coachwho oversees the developmentand strategies of the team andother team personnel suchas assistant coaches managersstatisticians doctors andtrainers
A limited number of time-outs clock stoppages requestedby a coach (or sometimesmandated in the NBA) for a shortmeeting with the players areallowed They generally last nolonger than one minute (100seconds in the NBA) unless fortelevised games a commercialbreak is needed
Uniformconsists
ofa pair of shorts
a jersey with a clearly visible
number unique within the team printed on both
the front and back
Players wear high-top sneakers that
provide extra ankle support
OFFICIALS
For college the NBA and manyhigh schools there are a total ofthree referees on the court
The table officials areresponsible for keeping track of eachteams scoring timekeepingindividual and team fouls playersubstitutions team possessionarrow and the shot clock
Equipments
The only essential equipmentin a basketball game is the ball andthe court a flat rectangular surfacewith baskets at opposite endsCompetitive levels require the use ofmore equipment such as clocks scoresheets scoreboard(s) alternatingpossession arrows and whistle-operated stop-clock systems
Court
Ball
Violations
Forfeits Possession
(The ball must stay withinthe court)-the last team totouch the ball before it travelsout of bounds
Out of Bounds
The ball is out of bounds ifit touches or crosses over aboundary line or touches aplayer who is out of bounds
Traveling
The ball-handler may notstep with both feet withoutdribbling
Double Dribbling
Dribble with both handsor hold the ball and resumedribbling
Carrying the Ball
Any part of the playershand cannot be directlyunder the ball whiledribbling
A team once having establishedball control in the front half of theircourt may not return the ball to thebackcourt and be the first to touchit
The ball may not be kicked norbe struck with the fist
A violation of these rules resultsin loss of possession or ifcommitted by the defense a resetof the shot clock (with someexceptions in the NBA)
Limits imposed on
Limits imposed
on
Limits imposed
on
No player may touch the ball onits downward trajectory to thebasket unless it is obvious that theball has no chance of entering thebasket (goaltending)
In addition no player maytouch the ball while it is on or inthe basket when any part of theball is in the spacious cylinderabove the basket (the areaextended upwards from thebasket) or when the ball is outsidethe cylinder if the player reachesthrough the basket and touches itThis violation is known as basketinterference
If a defensive player goaltendsor commits basket interference thebasket is awarded and theoffending team gets the ball If ateammate of the player shootinggoaltends or commits interferencethe basket is cancelled and playcontinues with the defensive teambeing given possession
HAND SIGNALS
FOULS
An attempt to unfairlydisadvantage an opponentthrough physical contact and itrsquosillegal
Players who are fouled eitherreceive the ball to pass inboundsagain or receive one or more freethrows if they are fouled in the act ofshooting depending on whether theshot was successful
One point is awarded for making afree throw which is attempted from aline 15 feet (46 m) from the basket
Technical Foul
A more serious foul that can becharged to a player or coach whoshows poor sportsmanship such asby arguing with a referee or byfighting with another player
The penalty involves free throws(where unlike a personal foul theother team can choose any player toshoot) and varies among leaguesRepeated incidents can resultin disqualification
Disqualifying Foul (FIBA)
A foul resulting in ejection Whilein leagues other than the NBA such afoul is referred to as flagrant
When a team shoots foul shotsthe opponents may not interferewith the shooter nor may they try toregain possession until the last orpotentially last free throw is in theair
After a team has committed aspecified number of fouls it is said tobe in the penalty On scoreboardsthis is usually signified with an indicatorlight reading Bonus or Penalty withan illuminated directional arrowindicating that team is to receive freethrows when fouled by the opposingteam (Some scoreboards also indicatethe number of fouls committed)
If A team misses the first shot ofa two-shot situation the opposingteam must wait for the completionof the second shot before attemptingto reclaim possession of the ball andcontinuing play
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
History
Canadian American Dr James Naismith a physical education professor and instructor at the
International Young Mens Christian Association Training
School(YMCA) (today Springfield College) in Springfield Massachusetts USA)
In early December 1891 USA)
was trying to keep his gym class active on a rainy day He
sought a vigorous indoor game to keep his students
occupied and at proper levels of fitness during the long New
England winters
After rejecting other ideas as either too rough or poorly
suited to walled-in gymnasiums he wrote the
basic rules and nailed a peach basket onto a 10-
foot (305 m) elevated track
Peach basketRetained its bottomand balls had to be retrievedmanually after each basketor point scored this provedinefficient however so thebottom of the basket wasremoved allowing the balls tobe poked out with along dowel each time
This proved inefficienthowever so the bottom of thebasket was removed allowingthe balls to be poked out witha long dowel each time
Basketball was originally played with a soccer ball
Brown color- first balls
Late 1950s
Tony Hinkle searching for a ball that would be more visible to players and spectators alike introduced the orange ball that
is now in common use
Passing the ball was theprimary means of ballmovement
Dribbling was not part ofthe original game except forthe bounce pass toteammates
Dribbling was eventuallyintroduced but limited by theasymmetric shape of earlyballs
Dribbling only becamea major part of the gamearound the 1950s asmanufacturing improvedthe ball shape
The peach baskets wereused until 1906 when they werefinally replaced by metal hoopswith backboards A furtherchange was soon made so theball merely passed through
Whenever a persongot the ball in thebasket his team wouldgain a point Whicheverteam got the mostpoints won the game
The baskets were originallynailed to the mezzanine balconyof the playing court but thisproved impractical whenspectators on the balcony beganto interfere with shots Thebackboard was introduced toprevent this interference it hadthe additional effect of allowingrebound shots
Naismith handwritten diariesdiscovered by his granddaughter inearly 2006 indicate that he wasnervous about the new game hehad invented which incorporatedrules from a childrens game calledDuck on a Rock as many hadfailed before it Naismith called thenew game Basket Ballldquo
The first official gamewas played in the YMCAgymnasium in Albany NewYork on January 20 1892 withnine players
The game ended at 1ndash0the shot was made from 25feet (76 m) on a court justhalf the size of a present-day Streetball or NationalBasketball Association (NBA)court By 1897ndash1898 teamsof five became standard
Rules and Regulations
A one-point shot can be earned when shooting from the foul line
after a foul is made
Teams exchange baskets forthe second half The time allowedis actual playing time the clock isstopped while the play is notactive Therefore games generallytake much longer to completethan the allotted game timetypically about two hours
Five players from each teammay be on the court at one time
Substitutions are unlimited butcan only be done when play isstopped
Teams also have a coachwho oversees the developmentand strategies of the team andother team personnel suchas assistant coaches managersstatisticians doctors andtrainers
A limited number of time-outs clock stoppages requestedby a coach (or sometimesmandated in the NBA) for a shortmeeting with the players areallowed They generally last nolonger than one minute (100seconds in the NBA) unless fortelevised games a commercialbreak is needed
Uniformconsists
ofa pair of shorts
a jersey with a clearly visible
number unique within the team printed on both
the front and back
Players wear high-top sneakers that
provide extra ankle support
OFFICIALS
For college the NBA and manyhigh schools there are a total ofthree referees on the court
The table officials areresponsible for keeping track of eachteams scoring timekeepingindividual and team fouls playersubstitutions team possessionarrow and the shot clock
Equipments
The only essential equipmentin a basketball game is the ball andthe court a flat rectangular surfacewith baskets at opposite endsCompetitive levels require the use ofmore equipment such as clocks scoresheets scoreboard(s) alternatingpossession arrows and whistle-operated stop-clock systems
Court
Ball
Violations
Forfeits Possession
(The ball must stay withinthe court)-the last team totouch the ball before it travelsout of bounds
Out of Bounds
The ball is out of bounds ifit touches or crosses over aboundary line or touches aplayer who is out of bounds
Traveling
The ball-handler may notstep with both feet withoutdribbling
Double Dribbling
Dribble with both handsor hold the ball and resumedribbling
Carrying the Ball
Any part of the playershand cannot be directlyunder the ball whiledribbling
A team once having establishedball control in the front half of theircourt may not return the ball to thebackcourt and be the first to touchit
The ball may not be kicked norbe struck with the fist
A violation of these rules resultsin loss of possession or ifcommitted by the defense a resetof the shot clock (with someexceptions in the NBA)
Limits imposed on
Limits imposed
on
Limits imposed
on
No player may touch the ball onits downward trajectory to thebasket unless it is obvious that theball has no chance of entering thebasket (goaltending)
In addition no player maytouch the ball while it is on or inthe basket when any part of theball is in the spacious cylinderabove the basket (the areaextended upwards from thebasket) or when the ball is outsidethe cylinder if the player reachesthrough the basket and touches itThis violation is known as basketinterference
If a defensive player goaltendsor commits basket interference thebasket is awarded and theoffending team gets the ball If ateammate of the player shootinggoaltends or commits interferencethe basket is cancelled and playcontinues with the defensive teambeing given possession
HAND SIGNALS
FOULS
An attempt to unfairlydisadvantage an opponentthrough physical contact and itrsquosillegal
Players who are fouled eitherreceive the ball to pass inboundsagain or receive one or more freethrows if they are fouled in the act ofshooting depending on whether theshot was successful
One point is awarded for making afree throw which is attempted from aline 15 feet (46 m) from the basket
Technical Foul
A more serious foul that can becharged to a player or coach whoshows poor sportsmanship such asby arguing with a referee or byfighting with another player
The penalty involves free throws(where unlike a personal foul theother team can choose any player toshoot) and varies among leaguesRepeated incidents can resultin disqualification
Disqualifying Foul (FIBA)
A foul resulting in ejection Whilein leagues other than the NBA such afoul is referred to as flagrant
When a team shoots foul shotsthe opponents may not interferewith the shooter nor may they try toregain possession until the last orpotentially last free throw is in theair
After a team has committed aspecified number of fouls it is said tobe in the penalty On scoreboardsthis is usually signified with an indicatorlight reading Bonus or Penalty withan illuminated directional arrowindicating that team is to receive freethrows when fouled by the opposingteam (Some scoreboards also indicatethe number of fouls committed)
If A team misses the first shot ofa two-shot situation the opposingteam must wait for the completionof the second shot before attemptingto reclaim possession of the ball andcontinuing play
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
Canadian American Dr James Naismith a physical education professor and instructor at the
International Young Mens Christian Association Training
School(YMCA) (today Springfield College) in Springfield Massachusetts USA)
In early December 1891 USA)
was trying to keep his gym class active on a rainy day He
sought a vigorous indoor game to keep his students
occupied and at proper levels of fitness during the long New
England winters
After rejecting other ideas as either too rough or poorly
suited to walled-in gymnasiums he wrote the
basic rules and nailed a peach basket onto a 10-
foot (305 m) elevated track
Peach basketRetained its bottomand balls had to be retrievedmanually after each basketor point scored this provedinefficient however so thebottom of the basket wasremoved allowing the balls tobe poked out with along dowel each time
This proved inefficienthowever so the bottom of thebasket was removed allowingthe balls to be poked out witha long dowel each time
Basketball was originally played with a soccer ball
Brown color- first balls
Late 1950s
Tony Hinkle searching for a ball that would be more visible to players and spectators alike introduced the orange ball that
is now in common use
Passing the ball was theprimary means of ballmovement
Dribbling was not part ofthe original game except forthe bounce pass toteammates
Dribbling was eventuallyintroduced but limited by theasymmetric shape of earlyballs
Dribbling only becamea major part of the gamearound the 1950s asmanufacturing improvedthe ball shape
The peach baskets wereused until 1906 when they werefinally replaced by metal hoopswith backboards A furtherchange was soon made so theball merely passed through
Whenever a persongot the ball in thebasket his team wouldgain a point Whicheverteam got the mostpoints won the game
The baskets were originallynailed to the mezzanine balconyof the playing court but thisproved impractical whenspectators on the balcony beganto interfere with shots Thebackboard was introduced toprevent this interference it hadthe additional effect of allowingrebound shots
Naismith handwritten diariesdiscovered by his granddaughter inearly 2006 indicate that he wasnervous about the new game hehad invented which incorporatedrules from a childrens game calledDuck on a Rock as many hadfailed before it Naismith called thenew game Basket Ballldquo
The first official gamewas played in the YMCAgymnasium in Albany NewYork on January 20 1892 withnine players
The game ended at 1ndash0the shot was made from 25feet (76 m) on a court justhalf the size of a present-day Streetball or NationalBasketball Association (NBA)court By 1897ndash1898 teamsof five became standard
Rules and Regulations
A one-point shot can be earned when shooting from the foul line
after a foul is made
Teams exchange baskets forthe second half The time allowedis actual playing time the clock isstopped while the play is notactive Therefore games generallytake much longer to completethan the allotted game timetypically about two hours
Five players from each teammay be on the court at one time
Substitutions are unlimited butcan only be done when play isstopped
Teams also have a coachwho oversees the developmentand strategies of the team andother team personnel suchas assistant coaches managersstatisticians doctors andtrainers
A limited number of time-outs clock stoppages requestedby a coach (or sometimesmandated in the NBA) for a shortmeeting with the players areallowed They generally last nolonger than one minute (100seconds in the NBA) unless fortelevised games a commercialbreak is needed
Uniformconsists
ofa pair of shorts
a jersey with a clearly visible
number unique within the team printed on both
the front and back
Players wear high-top sneakers that
provide extra ankle support
OFFICIALS
For college the NBA and manyhigh schools there are a total ofthree referees on the court
The table officials areresponsible for keeping track of eachteams scoring timekeepingindividual and team fouls playersubstitutions team possessionarrow and the shot clock
Equipments
The only essential equipmentin a basketball game is the ball andthe court a flat rectangular surfacewith baskets at opposite endsCompetitive levels require the use ofmore equipment such as clocks scoresheets scoreboard(s) alternatingpossession arrows and whistle-operated stop-clock systems
Court
Ball
Violations
Forfeits Possession
(The ball must stay withinthe court)-the last team totouch the ball before it travelsout of bounds
Out of Bounds
The ball is out of bounds ifit touches or crosses over aboundary line or touches aplayer who is out of bounds
Traveling
The ball-handler may notstep with both feet withoutdribbling
Double Dribbling
Dribble with both handsor hold the ball and resumedribbling
Carrying the Ball
Any part of the playershand cannot be directlyunder the ball whiledribbling
A team once having establishedball control in the front half of theircourt may not return the ball to thebackcourt and be the first to touchit
The ball may not be kicked norbe struck with the fist
A violation of these rules resultsin loss of possession or ifcommitted by the defense a resetof the shot clock (with someexceptions in the NBA)
Limits imposed on
Limits imposed
on
Limits imposed
on
No player may touch the ball onits downward trajectory to thebasket unless it is obvious that theball has no chance of entering thebasket (goaltending)
In addition no player maytouch the ball while it is on or inthe basket when any part of theball is in the spacious cylinderabove the basket (the areaextended upwards from thebasket) or when the ball is outsidethe cylinder if the player reachesthrough the basket and touches itThis violation is known as basketinterference
If a defensive player goaltendsor commits basket interference thebasket is awarded and theoffending team gets the ball If ateammate of the player shootinggoaltends or commits interferencethe basket is cancelled and playcontinues with the defensive teambeing given possession
HAND SIGNALS
FOULS
An attempt to unfairlydisadvantage an opponentthrough physical contact and itrsquosillegal
Players who are fouled eitherreceive the ball to pass inboundsagain or receive one or more freethrows if they are fouled in the act ofshooting depending on whether theshot was successful
One point is awarded for making afree throw which is attempted from aline 15 feet (46 m) from the basket
Technical Foul
A more serious foul that can becharged to a player or coach whoshows poor sportsmanship such asby arguing with a referee or byfighting with another player
The penalty involves free throws(where unlike a personal foul theother team can choose any player toshoot) and varies among leaguesRepeated incidents can resultin disqualification
Disqualifying Foul (FIBA)
A foul resulting in ejection Whilein leagues other than the NBA such afoul is referred to as flagrant
When a team shoots foul shotsthe opponents may not interferewith the shooter nor may they try toregain possession until the last orpotentially last free throw is in theair
After a team has committed aspecified number of fouls it is said tobe in the penalty On scoreboardsthis is usually signified with an indicatorlight reading Bonus or Penalty withan illuminated directional arrowindicating that team is to receive freethrows when fouled by the opposingteam (Some scoreboards also indicatethe number of fouls committed)
If A team misses the first shot ofa two-shot situation the opposingteam must wait for the completionof the second shot before attemptingto reclaim possession of the ball andcontinuing play
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
was trying to keep his gym class active on a rainy day He
sought a vigorous indoor game to keep his students
occupied and at proper levels of fitness during the long New
England winters
After rejecting other ideas as either too rough or poorly
suited to walled-in gymnasiums he wrote the
basic rules and nailed a peach basket onto a 10-
foot (305 m) elevated track
Peach basketRetained its bottomand balls had to be retrievedmanually after each basketor point scored this provedinefficient however so thebottom of the basket wasremoved allowing the balls tobe poked out with along dowel each time
This proved inefficienthowever so the bottom of thebasket was removed allowingthe balls to be poked out witha long dowel each time
Basketball was originally played with a soccer ball
Brown color- first balls
Late 1950s
Tony Hinkle searching for a ball that would be more visible to players and spectators alike introduced the orange ball that
is now in common use
Passing the ball was theprimary means of ballmovement
Dribbling was not part ofthe original game except forthe bounce pass toteammates
Dribbling was eventuallyintroduced but limited by theasymmetric shape of earlyballs
Dribbling only becamea major part of the gamearound the 1950s asmanufacturing improvedthe ball shape
The peach baskets wereused until 1906 when they werefinally replaced by metal hoopswith backboards A furtherchange was soon made so theball merely passed through
Whenever a persongot the ball in thebasket his team wouldgain a point Whicheverteam got the mostpoints won the game
The baskets were originallynailed to the mezzanine balconyof the playing court but thisproved impractical whenspectators on the balcony beganto interfere with shots Thebackboard was introduced toprevent this interference it hadthe additional effect of allowingrebound shots
Naismith handwritten diariesdiscovered by his granddaughter inearly 2006 indicate that he wasnervous about the new game hehad invented which incorporatedrules from a childrens game calledDuck on a Rock as many hadfailed before it Naismith called thenew game Basket Ballldquo
The first official gamewas played in the YMCAgymnasium in Albany NewYork on January 20 1892 withnine players
The game ended at 1ndash0the shot was made from 25feet (76 m) on a court justhalf the size of a present-day Streetball or NationalBasketball Association (NBA)court By 1897ndash1898 teamsof five became standard
Rules and Regulations
A one-point shot can be earned when shooting from the foul line
after a foul is made
Teams exchange baskets forthe second half The time allowedis actual playing time the clock isstopped while the play is notactive Therefore games generallytake much longer to completethan the allotted game timetypically about two hours
Five players from each teammay be on the court at one time
Substitutions are unlimited butcan only be done when play isstopped
Teams also have a coachwho oversees the developmentand strategies of the team andother team personnel suchas assistant coaches managersstatisticians doctors andtrainers
A limited number of time-outs clock stoppages requestedby a coach (or sometimesmandated in the NBA) for a shortmeeting with the players areallowed They generally last nolonger than one minute (100seconds in the NBA) unless fortelevised games a commercialbreak is needed
Uniformconsists
ofa pair of shorts
a jersey with a clearly visible
number unique within the team printed on both
the front and back
Players wear high-top sneakers that
provide extra ankle support
OFFICIALS
For college the NBA and manyhigh schools there are a total ofthree referees on the court
The table officials areresponsible for keeping track of eachteams scoring timekeepingindividual and team fouls playersubstitutions team possessionarrow and the shot clock
Equipments
The only essential equipmentin a basketball game is the ball andthe court a flat rectangular surfacewith baskets at opposite endsCompetitive levels require the use ofmore equipment such as clocks scoresheets scoreboard(s) alternatingpossession arrows and whistle-operated stop-clock systems
Court
Ball
Violations
Forfeits Possession
(The ball must stay withinthe court)-the last team totouch the ball before it travelsout of bounds
Out of Bounds
The ball is out of bounds ifit touches or crosses over aboundary line or touches aplayer who is out of bounds
Traveling
The ball-handler may notstep with both feet withoutdribbling
Double Dribbling
Dribble with both handsor hold the ball and resumedribbling
Carrying the Ball
Any part of the playershand cannot be directlyunder the ball whiledribbling
A team once having establishedball control in the front half of theircourt may not return the ball to thebackcourt and be the first to touchit
The ball may not be kicked norbe struck with the fist
A violation of these rules resultsin loss of possession or ifcommitted by the defense a resetof the shot clock (with someexceptions in the NBA)
Limits imposed on
Limits imposed
on
Limits imposed
on
No player may touch the ball onits downward trajectory to thebasket unless it is obvious that theball has no chance of entering thebasket (goaltending)
In addition no player maytouch the ball while it is on or inthe basket when any part of theball is in the spacious cylinderabove the basket (the areaextended upwards from thebasket) or when the ball is outsidethe cylinder if the player reachesthrough the basket and touches itThis violation is known as basketinterference
If a defensive player goaltendsor commits basket interference thebasket is awarded and theoffending team gets the ball If ateammate of the player shootinggoaltends or commits interferencethe basket is cancelled and playcontinues with the defensive teambeing given possession
HAND SIGNALS
FOULS
An attempt to unfairlydisadvantage an opponentthrough physical contact and itrsquosillegal
Players who are fouled eitherreceive the ball to pass inboundsagain or receive one or more freethrows if they are fouled in the act ofshooting depending on whether theshot was successful
One point is awarded for making afree throw which is attempted from aline 15 feet (46 m) from the basket
Technical Foul
A more serious foul that can becharged to a player or coach whoshows poor sportsmanship such asby arguing with a referee or byfighting with another player
The penalty involves free throws(where unlike a personal foul theother team can choose any player toshoot) and varies among leaguesRepeated incidents can resultin disqualification
Disqualifying Foul (FIBA)
A foul resulting in ejection Whilein leagues other than the NBA such afoul is referred to as flagrant
When a team shoots foul shotsthe opponents may not interferewith the shooter nor may they try toregain possession until the last orpotentially last free throw is in theair
After a team has committed aspecified number of fouls it is said tobe in the penalty On scoreboardsthis is usually signified with an indicatorlight reading Bonus or Penalty withan illuminated directional arrowindicating that team is to receive freethrows when fouled by the opposingteam (Some scoreboards also indicatethe number of fouls committed)
If A team misses the first shot ofa two-shot situation the opposingteam must wait for the completionof the second shot before attemptingto reclaim possession of the ball andcontinuing play
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
After rejecting other ideas as either too rough or poorly
suited to walled-in gymnasiums he wrote the
basic rules and nailed a peach basket onto a 10-
foot (305 m) elevated track
Peach basketRetained its bottomand balls had to be retrievedmanually after each basketor point scored this provedinefficient however so thebottom of the basket wasremoved allowing the balls tobe poked out with along dowel each time
This proved inefficienthowever so the bottom of thebasket was removed allowingthe balls to be poked out witha long dowel each time
Basketball was originally played with a soccer ball
Brown color- first balls
Late 1950s
Tony Hinkle searching for a ball that would be more visible to players and spectators alike introduced the orange ball that
is now in common use
Passing the ball was theprimary means of ballmovement
Dribbling was not part ofthe original game except forthe bounce pass toteammates
Dribbling was eventuallyintroduced but limited by theasymmetric shape of earlyballs
Dribbling only becamea major part of the gamearound the 1950s asmanufacturing improvedthe ball shape
The peach baskets wereused until 1906 when they werefinally replaced by metal hoopswith backboards A furtherchange was soon made so theball merely passed through
Whenever a persongot the ball in thebasket his team wouldgain a point Whicheverteam got the mostpoints won the game
The baskets were originallynailed to the mezzanine balconyof the playing court but thisproved impractical whenspectators on the balcony beganto interfere with shots Thebackboard was introduced toprevent this interference it hadthe additional effect of allowingrebound shots
Naismith handwritten diariesdiscovered by his granddaughter inearly 2006 indicate that he wasnervous about the new game hehad invented which incorporatedrules from a childrens game calledDuck on a Rock as many hadfailed before it Naismith called thenew game Basket Ballldquo
The first official gamewas played in the YMCAgymnasium in Albany NewYork on January 20 1892 withnine players
The game ended at 1ndash0the shot was made from 25feet (76 m) on a court justhalf the size of a present-day Streetball or NationalBasketball Association (NBA)court By 1897ndash1898 teamsof five became standard
Rules and Regulations
A one-point shot can be earned when shooting from the foul line
after a foul is made
Teams exchange baskets forthe second half The time allowedis actual playing time the clock isstopped while the play is notactive Therefore games generallytake much longer to completethan the allotted game timetypically about two hours
Five players from each teammay be on the court at one time
Substitutions are unlimited butcan only be done when play isstopped
Teams also have a coachwho oversees the developmentand strategies of the team andother team personnel suchas assistant coaches managersstatisticians doctors andtrainers
A limited number of time-outs clock stoppages requestedby a coach (or sometimesmandated in the NBA) for a shortmeeting with the players areallowed They generally last nolonger than one minute (100seconds in the NBA) unless fortelevised games a commercialbreak is needed
Uniformconsists
ofa pair of shorts
a jersey with a clearly visible
number unique within the team printed on both
the front and back
Players wear high-top sneakers that
provide extra ankle support
OFFICIALS
For college the NBA and manyhigh schools there are a total ofthree referees on the court
The table officials areresponsible for keeping track of eachteams scoring timekeepingindividual and team fouls playersubstitutions team possessionarrow and the shot clock
Equipments
The only essential equipmentin a basketball game is the ball andthe court a flat rectangular surfacewith baskets at opposite endsCompetitive levels require the use ofmore equipment such as clocks scoresheets scoreboard(s) alternatingpossession arrows and whistle-operated stop-clock systems
Court
Ball
Violations
Forfeits Possession
(The ball must stay withinthe court)-the last team totouch the ball before it travelsout of bounds
Out of Bounds
The ball is out of bounds ifit touches or crosses over aboundary line or touches aplayer who is out of bounds
Traveling
The ball-handler may notstep with both feet withoutdribbling
Double Dribbling
Dribble with both handsor hold the ball and resumedribbling
Carrying the Ball
Any part of the playershand cannot be directlyunder the ball whiledribbling
A team once having establishedball control in the front half of theircourt may not return the ball to thebackcourt and be the first to touchit
The ball may not be kicked norbe struck with the fist
A violation of these rules resultsin loss of possession or ifcommitted by the defense a resetof the shot clock (with someexceptions in the NBA)
Limits imposed on
Limits imposed
on
Limits imposed
on
No player may touch the ball onits downward trajectory to thebasket unless it is obvious that theball has no chance of entering thebasket (goaltending)
In addition no player maytouch the ball while it is on or inthe basket when any part of theball is in the spacious cylinderabove the basket (the areaextended upwards from thebasket) or when the ball is outsidethe cylinder if the player reachesthrough the basket and touches itThis violation is known as basketinterference
If a defensive player goaltendsor commits basket interference thebasket is awarded and theoffending team gets the ball If ateammate of the player shootinggoaltends or commits interferencethe basket is cancelled and playcontinues with the defensive teambeing given possession
HAND SIGNALS
FOULS
An attempt to unfairlydisadvantage an opponentthrough physical contact and itrsquosillegal
Players who are fouled eitherreceive the ball to pass inboundsagain or receive one or more freethrows if they are fouled in the act ofshooting depending on whether theshot was successful
One point is awarded for making afree throw which is attempted from aline 15 feet (46 m) from the basket
Technical Foul
A more serious foul that can becharged to a player or coach whoshows poor sportsmanship such asby arguing with a referee or byfighting with another player
The penalty involves free throws(where unlike a personal foul theother team can choose any player toshoot) and varies among leaguesRepeated incidents can resultin disqualification
Disqualifying Foul (FIBA)
A foul resulting in ejection Whilein leagues other than the NBA such afoul is referred to as flagrant
When a team shoots foul shotsthe opponents may not interferewith the shooter nor may they try toregain possession until the last orpotentially last free throw is in theair
After a team has committed aspecified number of fouls it is said tobe in the penalty On scoreboardsthis is usually signified with an indicatorlight reading Bonus or Penalty withan illuminated directional arrowindicating that team is to receive freethrows when fouled by the opposingteam (Some scoreboards also indicatethe number of fouls committed)
If A team misses the first shot ofa two-shot situation the opposingteam must wait for the completionof the second shot before attemptingto reclaim possession of the ball andcontinuing play
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
Peach basketRetained its bottomand balls had to be retrievedmanually after each basketor point scored this provedinefficient however so thebottom of the basket wasremoved allowing the balls tobe poked out with along dowel each time
This proved inefficienthowever so the bottom of thebasket was removed allowingthe balls to be poked out witha long dowel each time
Basketball was originally played with a soccer ball
Brown color- first balls
Late 1950s
Tony Hinkle searching for a ball that would be more visible to players and spectators alike introduced the orange ball that
is now in common use
Passing the ball was theprimary means of ballmovement
Dribbling was not part ofthe original game except forthe bounce pass toteammates
Dribbling was eventuallyintroduced but limited by theasymmetric shape of earlyballs
Dribbling only becamea major part of the gamearound the 1950s asmanufacturing improvedthe ball shape
The peach baskets wereused until 1906 when they werefinally replaced by metal hoopswith backboards A furtherchange was soon made so theball merely passed through
Whenever a persongot the ball in thebasket his team wouldgain a point Whicheverteam got the mostpoints won the game
The baskets were originallynailed to the mezzanine balconyof the playing court but thisproved impractical whenspectators on the balcony beganto interfere with shots Thebackboard was introduced toprevent this interference it hadthe additional effect of allowingrebound shots
Naismith handwritten diariesdiscovered by his granddaughter inearly 2006 indicate that he wasnervous about the new game hehad invented which incorporatedrules from a childrens game calledDuck on a Rock as many hadfailed before it Naismith called thenew game Basket Ballldquo
The first official gamewas played in the YMCAgymnasium in Albany NewYork on January 20 1892 withnine players
The game ended at 1ndash0the shot was made from 25feet (76 m) on a court justhalf the size of a present-day Streetball or NationalBasketball Association (NBA)court By 1897ndash1898 teamsof five became standard
Rules and Regulations
A one-point shot can be earned when shooting from the foul line
after a foul is made
Teams exchange baskets forthe second half The time allowedis actual playing time the clock isstopped while the play is notactive Therefore games generallytake much longer to completethan the allotted game timetypically about two hours
Five players from each teammay be on the court at one time
Substitutions are unlimited butcan only be done when play isstopped
Teams also have a coachwho oversees the developmentand strategies of the team andother team personnel suchas assistant coaches managersstatisticians doctors andtrainers
A limited number of time-outs clock stoppages requestedby a coach (or sometimesmandated in the NBA) for a shortmeeting with the players areallowed They generally last nolonger than one minute (100seconds in the NBA) unless fortelevised games a commercialbreak is needed
Uniformconsists
ofa pair of shorts
a jersey with a clearly visible
number unique within the team printed on both
the front and back
Players wear high-top sneakers that
provide extra ankle support
OFFICIALS
For college the NBA and manyhigh schools there are a total ofthree referees on the court
The table officials areresponsible for keeping track of eachteams scoring timekeepingindividual and team fouls playersubstitutions team possessionarrow and the shot clock
Equipments
The only essential equipmentin a basketball game is the ball andthe court a flat rectangular surfacewith baskets at opposite endsCompetitive levels require the use ofmore equipment such as clocks scoresheets scoreboard(s) alternatingpossession arrows and whistle-operated stop-clock systems
Court
Ball
Violations
Forfeits Possession
(The ball must stay withinthe court)-the last team totouch the ball before it travelsout of bounds
Out of Bounds
The ball is out of bounds ifit touches or crosses over aboundary line or touches aplayer who is out of bounds
Traveling
The ball-handler may notstep with both feet withoutdribbling
Double Dribbling
Dribble with both handsor hold the ball and resumedribbling
Carrying the Ball
Any part of the playershand cannot be directlyunder the ball whiledribbling
A team once having establishedball control in the front half of theircourt may not return the ball to thebackcourt and be the first to touchit
The ball may not be kicked norbe struck with the fist
A violation of these rules resultsin loss of possession or ifcommitted by the defense a resetof the shot clock (with someexceptions in the NBA)
Limits imposed on
Limits imposed
on
Limits imposed
on
No player may touch the ball onits downward trajectory to thebasket unless it is obvious that theball has no chance of entering thebasket (goaltending)
In addition no player maytouch the ball while it is on or inthe basket when any part of theball is in the spacious cylinderabove the basket (the areaextended upwards from thebasket) or when the ball is outsidethe cylinder if the player reachesthrough the basket and touches itThis violation is known as basketinterference
If a defensive player goaltendsor commits basket interference thebasket is awarded and theoffending team gets the ball If ateammate of the player shootinggoaltends or commits interferencethe basket is cancelled and playcontinues with the defensive teambeing given possession
HAND SIGNALS
FOULS
An attempt to unfairlydisadvantage an opponentthrough physical contact and itrsquosillegal
Players who are fouled eitherreceive the ball to pass inboundsagain or receive one or more freethrows if they are fouled in the act ofshooting depending on whether theshot was successful
One point is awarded for making afree throw which is attempted from aline 15 feet (46 m) from the basket
Technical Foul
A more serious foul that can becharged to a player or coach whoshows poor sportsmanship such asby arguing with a referee or byfighting with another player
The penalty involves free throws(where unlike a personal foul theother team can choose any player toshoot) and varies among leaguesRepeated incidents can resultin disqualification
Disqualifying Foul (FIBA)
A foul resulting in ejection Whilein leagues other than the NBA such afoul is referred to as flagrant
When a team shoots foul shotsthe opponents may not interferewith the shooter nor may they try toregain possession until the last orpotentially last free throw is in theair
After a team has committed aspecified number of fouls it is said tobe in the penalty On scoreboardsthis is usually signified with an indicatorlight reading Bonus or Penalty withan illuminated directional arrowindicating that team is to receive freethrows when fouled by the opposingteam (Some scoreboards also indicatethe number of fouls committed)
If A team misses the first shot ofa two-shot situation the opposingteam must wait for the completionof the second shot before attemptingto reclaim possession of the ball andcontinuing play
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
This proved inefficienthowever so the bottom of thebasket was removed allowingthe balls to be poked out witha long dowel each time
Basketball was originally played with a soccer ball
Brown color- first balls
Late 1950s
Tony Hinkle searching for a ball that would be more visible to players and spectators alike introduced the orange ball that
is now in common use
Passing the ball was theprimary means of ballmovement
Dribbling was not part ofthe original game except forthe bounce pass toteammates
Dribbling was eventuallyintroduced but limited by theasymmetric shape of earlyballs
Dribbling only becamea major part of the gamearound the 1950s asmanufacturing improvedthe ball shape
The peach baskets wereused until 1906 when they werefinally replaced by metal hoopswith backboards A furtherchange was soon made so theball merely passed through
Whenever a persongot the ball in thebasket his team wouldgain a point Whicheverteam got the mostpoints won the game
The baskets were originallynailed to the mezzanine balconyof the playing court but thisproved impractical whenspectators on the balcony beganto interfere with shots Thebackboard was introduced toprevent this interference it hadthe additional effect of allowingrebound shots
Naismith handwritten diariesdiscovered by his granddaughter inearly 2006 indicate that he wasnervous about the new game hehad invented which incorporatedrules from a childrens game calledDuck on a Rock as many hadfailed before it Naismith called thenew game Basket Ballldquo
The first official gamewas played in the YMCAgymnasium in Albany NewYork on January 20 1892 withnine players
The game ended at 1ndash0the shot was made from 25feet (76 m) on a court justhalf the size of a present-day Streetball or NationalBasketball Association (NBA)court By 1897ndash1898 teamsof five became standard
Rules and Regulations
A one-point shot can be earned when shooting from the foul line
after a foul is made
Teams exchange baskets forthe second half The time allowedis actual playing time the clock isstopped while the play is notactive Therefore games generallytake much longer to completethan the allotted game timetypically about two hours
Five players from each teammay be on the court at one time
Substitutions are unlimited butcan only be done when play isstopped
Teams also have a coachwho oversees the developmentand strategies of the team andother team personnel suchas assistant coaches managersstatisticians doctors andtrainers
A limited number of time-outs clock stoppages requestedby a coach (or sometimesmandated in the NBA) for a shortmeeting with the players areallowed They generally last nolonger than one minute (100seconds in the NBA) unless fortelevised games a commercialbreak is needed
Uniformconsists
ofa pair of shorts
a jersey with a clearly visible
number unique within the team printed on both
the front and back
Players wear high-top sneakers that
provide extra ankle support
OFFICIALS
For college the NBA and manyhigh schools there are a total ofthree referees on the court
The table officials areresponsible for keeping track of eachteams scoring timekeepingindividual and team fouls playersubstitutions team possessionarrow and the shot clock
Equipments
The only essential equipmentin a basketball game is the ball andthe court a flat rectangular surfacewith baskets at opposite endsCompetitive levels require the use ofmore equipment such as clocks scoresheets scoreboard(s) alternatingpossession arrows and whistle-operated stop-clock systems
Court
Ball
Violations
Forfeits Possession
(The ball must stay withinthe court)-the last team totouch the ball before it travelsout of bounds
Out of Bounds
The ball is out of bounds ifit touches or crosses over aboundary line or touches aplayer who is out of bounds
Traveling
The ball-handler may notstep with both feet withoutdribbling
Double Dribbling
Dribble with both handsor hold the ball and resumedribbling
Carrying the Ball
Any part of the playershand cannot be directlyunder the ball whiledribbling
A team once having establishedball control in the front half of theircourt may not return the ball to thebackcourt and be the first to touchit
The ball may not be kicked norbe struck with the fist
A violation of these rules resultsin loss of possession or ifcommitted by the defense a resetof the shot clock (with someexceptions in the NBA)
Limits imposed on
Limits imposed
on
Limits imposed
on
No player may touch the ball onits downward trajectory to thebasket unless it is obvious that theball has no chance of entering thebasket (goaltending)
In addition no player maytouch the ball while it is on or inthe basket when any part of theball is in the spacious cylinderabove the basket (the areaextended upwards from thebasket) or when the ball is outsidethe cylinder if the player reachesthrough the basket and touches itThis violation is known as basketinterference
If a defensive player goaltendsor commits basket interference thebasket is awarded and theoffending team gets the ball If ateammate of the player shootinggoaltends or commits interferencethe basket is cancelled and playcontinues with the defensive teambeing given possession
HAND SIGNALS
FOULS
An attempt to unfairlydisadvantage an opponentthrough physical contact and itrsquosillegal
Players who are fouled eitherreceive the ball to pass inboundsagain or receive one or more freethrows if they are fouled in the act ofshooting depending on whether theshot was successful
One point is awarded for making afree throw which is attempted from aline 15 feet (46 m) from the basket
Technical Foul
A more serious foul that can becharged to a player or coach whoshows poor sportsmanship such asby arguing with a referee or byfighting with another player
The penalty involves free throws(where unlike a personal foul theother team can choose any player toshoot) and varies among leaguesRepeated incidents can resultin disqualification
Disqualifying Foul (FIBA)
A foul resulting in ejection Whilein leagues other than the NBA such afoul is referred to as flagrant
When a team shoots foul shotsthe opponents may not interferewith the shooter nor may they try toregain possession until the last orpotentially last free throw is in theair
After a team has committed aspecified number of fouls it is said tobe in the penalty On scoreboardsthis is usually signified with an indicatorlight reading Bonus or Penalty withan illuminated directional arrowindicating that team is to receive freethrows when fouled by the opposingteam (Some scoreboards also indicatethe number of fouls committed)
If A team misses the first shot ofa two-shot situation the opposingteam must wait for the completionof the second shot before attemptingto reclaim possession of the ball andcontinuing play
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
Basketball was originally played with a soccer ball
Brown color- first balls
Late 1950s
Tony Hinkle searching for a ball that would be more visible to players and spectators alike introduced the orange ball that
is now in common use
Passing the ball was theprimary means of ballmovement
Dribbling was not part ofthe original game except forthe bounce pass toteammates
Dribbling was eventuallyintroduced but limited by theasymmetric shape of earlyballs
Dribbling only becamea major part of the gamearound the 1950s asmanufacturing improvedthe ball shape
The peach baskets wereused until 1906 when they werefinally replaced by metal hoopswith backboards A furtherchange was soon made so theball merely passed through
Whenever a persongot the ball in thebasket his team wouldgain a point Whicheverteam got the mostpoints won the game
The baskets were originallynailed to the mezzanine balconyof the playing court but thisproved impractical whenspectators on the balcony beganto interfere with shots Thebackboard was introduced toprevent this interference it hadthe additional effect of allowingrebound shots
Naismith handwritten diariesdiscovered by his granddaughter inearly 2006 indicate that he wasnervous about the new game hehad invented which incorporatedrules from a childrens game calledDuck on a Rock as many hadfailed before it Naismith called thenew game Basket Ballldquo
The first official gamewas played in the YMCAgymnasium in Albany NewYork on January 20 1892 withnine players
The game ended at 1ndash0the shot was made from 25feet (76 m) on a court justhalf the size of a present-day Streetball or NationalBasketball Association (NBA)court By 1897ndash1898 teamsof five became standard
Rules and Regulations
A one-point shot can be earned when shooting from the foul line
after a foul is made
Teams exchange baskets forthe second half The time allowedis actual playing time the clock isstopped while the play is notactive Therefore games generallytake much longer to completethan the allotted game timetypically about two hours
Five players from each teammay be on the court at one time
Substitutions are unlimited butcan only be done when play isstopped
Teams also have a coachwho oversees the developmentand strategies of the team andother team personnel suchas assistant coaches managersstatisticians doctors andtrainers
A limited number of time-outs clock stoppages requestedby a coach (or sometimesmandated in the NBA) for a shortmeeting with the players areallowed They generally last nolonger than one minute (100seconds in the NBA) unless fortelevised games a commercialbreak is needed
Uniformconsists
ofa pair of shorts
a jersey with a clearly visible
number unique within the team printed on both
the front and back
Players wear high-top sneakers that
provide extra ankle support
OFFICIALS
For college the NBA and manyhigh schools there are a total ofthree referees on the court
The table officials areresponsible for keeping track of eachteams scoring timekeepingindividual and team fouls playersubstitutions team possessionarrow and the shot clock
Equipments
The only essential equipmentin a basketball game is the ball andthe court a flat rectangular surfacewith baskets at opposite endsCompetitive levels require the use ofmore equipment such as clocks scoresheets scoreboard(s) alternatingpossession arrows and whistle-operated stop-clock systems
Court
Ball
Violations
Forfeits Possession
(The ball must stay withinthe court)-the last team totouch the ball before it travelsout of bounds
Out of Bounds
The ball is out of bounds ifit touches or crosses over aboundary line or touches aplayer who is out of bounds
Traveling
The ball-handler may notstep with both feet withoutdribbling
Double Dribbling
Dribble with both handsor hold the ball and resumedribbling
Carrying the Ball
Any part of the playershand cannot be directlyunder the ball whiledribbling
A team once having establishedball control in the front half of theircourt may not return the ball to thebackcourt and be the first to touchit
The ball may not be kicked norbe struck with the fist
A violation of these rules resultsin loss of possession or ifcommitted by the defense a resetof the shot clock (with someexceptions in the NBA)
Limits imposed on
Limits imposed
on
Limits imposed
on
No player may touch the ball onits downward trajectory to thebasket unless it is obvious that theball has no chance of entering thebasket (goaltending)
In addition no player maytouch the ball while it is on or inthe basket when any part of theball is in the spacious cylinderabove the basket (the areaextended upwards from thebasket) or when the ball is outsidethe cylinder if the player reachesthrough the basket and touches itThis violation is known as basketinterference
If a defensive player goaltendsor commits basket interference thebasket is awarded and theoffending team gets the ball If ateammate of the player shootinggoaltends or commits interferencethe basket is cancelled and playcontinues with the defensive teambeing given possession
HAND SIGNALS
FOULS
An attempt to unfairlydisadvantage an opponentthrough physical contact and itrsquosillegal
Players who are fouled eitherreceive the ball to pass inboundsagain or receive one or more freethrows if they are fouled in the act ofshooting depending on whether theshot was successful
One point is awarded for making afree throw which is attempted from aline 15 feet (46 m) from the basket
Technical Foul
A more serious foul that can becharged to a player or coach whoshows poor sportsmanship such asby arguing with a referee or byfighting with another player
The penalty involves free throws(where unlike a personal foul theother team can choose any player toshoot) and varies among leaguesRepeated incidents can resultin disqualification
Disqualifying Foul (FIBA)
A foul resulting in ejection Whilein leagues other than the NBA such afoul is referred to as flagrant
When a team shoots foul shotsthe opponents may not interferewith the shooter nor may they try toregain possession until the last orpotentially last free throw is in theair
After a team has committed aspecified number of fouls it is said tobe in the penalty On scoreboardsthis is usually signified with an indicatorlight reading Bonus or Penalty withan illuminated directional arrowindicating that team is to receive freethrows when fouled by the opposingteam (Some scoreboards also indicatethe number of fouls committed)
If A team misses the first shot ofa two-shot situation the opposingteam must wait for the completionof the second shot before attemptingto reclaim possession of the ball andcontinuing play
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
Late 1950s
Tony Hinkle searching for a ball that would be more visible to players and spectators alike introduced the orange ball that
is now in common use
Passing the ball was theprimary means of ballmovement
Dribbling was not part ofthe original game except forthe bounce pass toteammates
Dribbling was eventuallyintroduced but limited by theasymmetric shape of earlyballs
Dribbling only becamea major part of the gamearound the 1950s asmanufacturing improvedthe ball shape
The peach baskets wereused until 1906 when they werefinally replaced by metal hoopswith backboards A furtherchange was soon made so theball merely passed through
Whenever a persongot the ball in thebasket his team wouldgain a point Whicheverteam got the mostpoints won the game
The baskets were originallynailed to the mezzanine balconyof the playing court but thisproved impractical whenspectators on the balcony beganto interfere with shots Thebackboard was introduced toprevent this interference it hadthe additional effect of allowingrebound shots
Naismith handwritten diariesdiscovered by his granddaughter inearly 2006 indicate that he wasnervous about the new game hehad invented which incorporatedrules from a childrens game calledDuck on a Rock as many hadfailed before it Naismith called thenew game Basket Ballldquo
The first official gamewas played in the YMCAgymnasium in Albany NewYork on January 20 1892 withnine players
The game ended at 1ndash0the shot was made from 25feet (76 m) on a court justhalf the size of a present-day Streetball or NationalBasketball Association (NBA)court By 1897ndash1898 teamsof five became standard
Rules and Regulations
A one-point shot can be earned when shooting from the foul line
after a foul is made
Teams exchange baskets forthe second half The time allowedis actual playing time the clock isstopped while the play is notactive Therefore games generallytake much longer to completethan the allotted game timetypically about two hours
Five players from each teammay be on the court at one time
Substitutions are unlimited butcan only be done when play isstopped
Teams also have a coachwho oversees the developmentand strategies of the team andother team personnel suchas assistant coaches managersstatisticians doctors andtrainers
A limited number of time-outs clock stoppages requestedby a coach (or sometimesmandated in the NBA) for a shortmeeting with the players areallowed They generally last nolonger than one minute (100seconds in the NBA) unless fortelevised games a commercialbreak is needed
Uniformconsists
ofa pair of shorts
a jersey with a clearly visible
number unique within the team printed on both
the front and back
Players wear high-top sneakers that
provide extra ankle support
OFFICIALS
For college the NBA and manyhigh schools there are a total ofthree referees on the court
The table officials areresponsible for keeping track of eachteams scoring timekeepingindividual and team fouls playersubstitutions team possessionarrow and the shot clock
Equipments
The only essential equipmentin a basketball game is the ball andthe court a flat rectangular surfacewith baskets at opposite endsCompetitive levels require the use ofmore equipment such as clocks scoresheets scoreboard(s) alternatingpossession arrows and whistle-operated stop-clock systems
Court
Ball
Violations
Forfeits Possession
(The ball must stay withinthe court)-the last team totouch the ball before it travelsout of bounds
Out of Bounds
The ball is out of bounds ifit touches or crosses over aboundary line or touches aplayer who is out of bounds
Traveling
The ball-handler may notstep with both feet withoutdribbling
Double Dribbling
Dribble with both handsor hold the ball and resumedribbling
Carrying the Ball
Any part of the playershand cannot be directlyunder the ball whiledribbling
A team once having establishedball control in the front half of theircourt may not return the ball to thebackcourt and be the first to touchit
The ball may not be kicked norbe struck with the fist
A violation of these rules resultsin loss of possession or ifcommitted by the defense a resetof the shot clock (with someexceptions in the NBA)
Limits imposed on
Limits imposed
on
Limits imposed
on
No player may touch the ball onits downward trajectory to thebasket unless it is obvious that theball has no chance of entering thebasket (goaltending)
In addition no player maytouch the ball while it is on or inthe basket when any part of theball is in the spacious cylinderabove the basket (the areaextended upwards from thebasket) or when the ball is outsidethe cylinder if the player reachesthrough the basket and touches itThis violation is known as basketinterference
If a defensive player goaltendsor commits basket interference thebasket is awarded and theoffending team gets the ball If ateammate of the player shootinggoaltends or commits interferencethe basket is cancelled and playcontinues with the defensive teambeing given possession
HAND SIGNALS
FOULS
An attempt to unfairlydisadvantage an opponentthrough physical contact and itrsquosillegal
Players who are fouled eitherreceive the ball to pass inboundsagain or receive one or more freethrows if they are fouled in the act ofshooting depending on whether theshot was successful
One point is awarded for making afree throw which is attempted from aline 15 feet (46 m) from the basket
Technical Foul
A more serious foul that can becharged to a player or coach whoshows poor sportsmanship such asby arguing with a referee or byfighting with another player
The penalty involves free throws(where unlike a personal foul theother team can choose any player toshoot) and varies among leaguesRepeated incidents can resultin disqualification
Disqualifying Foul (FIBA)
A foul resulting in ejection Whilein leagues other than the NBA such afoul is referred to as flagrant
When a team shoots foul shotsthe opponents may not interferewith the shooter nor may they try toregain possession until the last orpotentially last free throw is in theair
After a team has committed aspecified number of fouls it is said tobe in the penalty On scoreboardsthis is usually signified with an indicatorlight reading Bonus or Penalty withan illuminated directional arrowindicating that team is to receive freethrows when fouled by the opposingteam (Some scoreboards also indicatethe number of fouls committed)
If A team misses the first shot ofa two-shot situation the opposingteam must wait for the completionof the second shot before attemptingto reclaim possession of the ball andcontinuing play
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
Passing the ball was theprimary means of ballmovement
Dribbling was not part ofthe original game except forthe bounce pass toteammates
Dribbling was eventuallyintroduced but limited by theasymmetric shape of earlyballs
Dribbling only becamea major part of the gamearound the 1950s asmanufacturing improvedthe ball shape
The peach baskets wereused until 1906 when they werefinally replaced by metal hoopswith backboards A furtherchange was soon made so theball merely passed through
Whenever a persongot the ball in thebasket his team wouldgain a point Whicheverteam got the mostpoints won the game
The baskets were originallynailed to the mezzanine balconyof the playing court but thisproved impractical whenspectators on the balcony beganto interfere with shots Thebackboard was introduced toprevent this interference it hadthe additional effect of allowingrebound shots
Naismith handwritten diariesdiscovered by his granddaughter inearly 2006 indicate that he wasnervous about the new game hehad invented which incorporatedrules from a childrens game calledDuck on a Rock as many hadfailed before it Naismith called thenew game Basket Ballldquo
The first official gamewas played in the YMCAgymnasium in Albany NewYork on January 20 1892 withnine players
The game ended at 1ndash0the shot was made from 25feet (76 m) on a court justhalf the size of a present-day Streetball or NationalBasketball Association (NBA)court By 1897ndash1898 teamsof five became standard
Rules and Regulations
A one-point shot can be earned when shooting from the foul line
after a foul is made
Teams exchange baskets forthe second half The time allowedis actual playing time the clock isstopped while the play is notactive Therefore games generallytake much longer to completethan the allotted game timetypically about two hours
Five players from each teammay be on the court at one time
Substitutions are unlimited butcan only be done when play isstopped
Teams also have a coachwho oversees the developmentand strategies of the team andother team personnel suchas assistant coaches managersstatisticians doctors andtrainers
A limited number of time-outs clock stoppages requestedby a coach (or sometimesmandated in the NBA) for a shortmeeting with the players areallowed They generally last nolonger than one minute (100seconds in the NBA) unless fortelevised games a commercialbreak is needed
Uniformconsists
ofa pair of shorts
a jersey with a clearly visible
number unique within the team printed on both
the front and back
Players wear high-top sneakers that
provide extra ankle support
OFFICIALS
For college the NBA and manyhigh schools there are a total ofthree referees on the court
The table officials areresponsible for keeping track of eachteams scoring timekeepingindividual and team fouls playersubstitutions team possessionarrow and the shot clock
Equipments
The only essential equipmentin a basketball game is the ball andthe court a flat rectangular surfacewith baskets at opposite endsCompetitive levels require the use ofmore equipment such as clocks scoresheets scoreboard(s) alternatingpossession arrows and whistle-operated stop-clock systems
Court
Ball
Violations
Forfeits Possession
(The ball must stay withinthe court)-the last team totouch the ball before it travelsout of bounds
Out of Bounds
The ball is out of bounds ifit touches or crosses over aboundary line or touches aplayer who is out of bounds
Traveling
The ball-handler may notstep with both feet withoutdribbling
Double Dribbling
Dribble with both handsor hold the ball and resumedribbling
Carrying the Ball
Any part of the playershand cannot be directlyunder the ball whiledribbling
A team once having establishedball control in the front half of theircourt may not return the ball to thebackcourt and be the first to touchit
The ball may not be kicked norbe struck with the fist
A violation of these rules resultsin loss of possession or ifcommitted by the defense a resetof the shot clock (with someexceptions in the NBA)
Limits imposed on
Limits imposed
on
Limits imposed
on
No player may touch the ball onits downward trajectory to thebasket unless it is obvious that theball has no chance of entering thebasket (goaltending)
In addition no player maytouch the ball while it is on or inthe basket when any part of theball is in the spacious cylinderabove the basket (the areaextended upwards from thebasket) or when the ball is outsidethe cylinder if the player reachesthrough the basket and touches itThis violation is known as basketinterference
If a defensive player goaltendsor commits basket interference thebasket is awarded and theoffending team gets the ball If ateammate of the player shootinggoaltends or commits interferencethe basket is cancelled and playcontinues with the defensive teambeing given possession
HAND SIGNALS
FOULS
An attempt to unfairlydisadvantage an opponentthrough physical contact and itrsquosillegal
Players who are fouled eitherreceive the ball to pass inboundsagain or receive one or more freethrows if they are fouled in the act ofshooting depending on whether theshot was successful
One point is awarded for making afree throw which is attempted from aline 15 feet (46 m) from the basket
Technical Foul
A more serious foul that can becharged to a player or coach whoshows poor sportsmanship such asby arguing with a referee or byfighting with another player
The penalty involves free throws(where unlike a personal foul theother team can choose any player toshoot) and varies among leaguesRepeated incidents can resultin disqualification
Disqualifying Foul (FIBA)
A foul resulting in ejection Whilein leagues other than the NBA such afoul is referred to as flagrant
When a team shoots foul shotsthe opponents may not interferewith the shooter nor may they try toregain possession until the last orpotentially last free throw is in theair
After a team has committed aspecified number of fouls it is said tobe in the penalty On scoreboardsthis is usually signified with an indicatorlight reading Bonus or Penalty withan illuminated directional arrowindicating that team is to receive freethrows when fouled by the opposingteam (Some scoreboards also indicatethe number of fouls committed)
If A team misses the first shot ofa two-shot situation the opposingteam must wait for the completionof the second shot before attemptingto reclaim possession of the ball andcontinuing play
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
Dribbling was not part ofthe original game except forthe bounce pass toteammates
Dribbling was eventuallyintroduced but limited by theasymmetric shape of earlyballs
Dribbling only becamea major part of the gamearound the 1950s asmanufacturing improvedthe ball shape
The peach baskets wereused until 1906 when they werefinally replaced by metal hoopswith backboards A furtherchange was soon made so theball merely passed through
Whenever a persongot the ball in thebasket his team wouldgain a point Whicheverteam got the mostpoints won the game
The baskets were originallynailed to the mezzanine balconyof the playing court but thisproved impractical whenspectators on the balcony beganto interfere with shots Thebackboard was introduced toprevent this interference it hadthe additional effect of allowingrebound shots
Naismith handwritten diariesdiscovered by his granddaughter inearly 2006 indicate that he wasnervous about the new game hehad invented which incorporatedrules from a childrens game calledDuck on a Rock as many hadfailed before it Naismith called thenew game Basket Ballldquo
The first official gamewas played in the YMCAgymnasium in Albany NewYork on January 20 1892 withnine players
The game ended at 1ndash0the shot was made from 25feet (76 m) on a court justhalf the size of a present-day Streetball or NationalBasketball Association (NBA)court By 1897ndash1898 teamsof five became standard
Rules and Regulations
A one-point shot can be earned when shooting from the foul line
after a foul is made
Teams exchange baskets forthe second half The time allowedis actual playing time the clock isstopped while the play is notactive Therefore games generallytake much longer to completethan the allotted game timetypically about two hours
Five players from each teammay be on the court at one time
Substitutions are unlimited butcan only be done when play isstopped
Teams also have a coachwho oversees the developmentand strategies of the team andother team personnel suchas assistant coaches managersstatisticians doctors andtrainers
A limited number of time-outs clock stoppages requestedby a coach (or sometimesmandated in the NBA) for a shortmeeting with the players areallowed They generally last nolonger than one minute (100seconds in the NBA) unless fortelevised games a commercialbreak is needed
Uniformconsists
ofa pair of shorts
a jersey with a clearly visible
number unique within the team printed on both
the front and back
Players wear high-top sneakers that
provide extra ankle support
OFFICIALS
For college the NBA and manyhigh schools there are a total ofthree referees on the court
The table officials areresponsible for keeping track of eachteams scoring timekeepingindividual and team fouls playersubstitutions team possessionarrow and the shot clock
Equipments
The only essential equipmentin a basketball game is the ball andthe court a flat rectangular surfacewith baskets at opposite endsCompetitive levels require the use ofmore equipment such as clocks scoresheets scoreboard(s) alternatingpossession arrows and whistle-operated stop-clock systems
Court
Ball
Violations
Forfeits Possession
(The ball must stay withinthe court)-the last team totouch the ball before it travelsout of bounds
Out of Bounds
The ball is out of bounds ifit touches or crosses over aboundary line or touches aplayer who is out of bounds
Traveling
The ball-handler may notstep with both feet withoutdribbling
Double Dribbling
Dribble with both handsor hold the ball and resumedribbling
Carrying the Ball
Any part of the playershand cannot be directlyunder the ball whiledribbling
A team once having establishedball control in the front half of theircourt may not return the ball to thebackcourt and be the first to touchit
The ball may not be kicked norbe struck with the fist
A violation of these rules resultsin loss of possession or ifcommitted by the defense a resetof the shot clock (with someexceptions in the NBA)
Limits imposed on
Limits imposed
on
Limits imposed
on
No player may touch the ball onits downward trajectory to thebasket unless it is obvious that theball has no chance of entering thebasket (goaltending)
In addition no player maytouch the ball while it is on or inthe basket when any part of theball is in the spacious cylinderabove the basket (the areaextended upwards from thebasket) or when the ball is outsidethe cylinder if the player reachesthrough the basket and touches itThis violation is known as basketinterference
If a defensive player goaltendsor commits basket interference thebasket is awarded and theoffending team gets the ball If ateammate of the player shootinggoaltends or commits interferencethe basket is cancelled and playcontinues with the defensive teambeing given possession
HAND SIGNALS
FOULS
An attempt to unfairlydisadvantage an opponentthrough physical contact and itrsquosillegal
Players who are fouled eitherreceive the ball to pass inboundsagain or receive one or more freethrows if they are fouled in the act ofshooting depending on whether theshot was successful
One point is awarded for making afree throw which is attempted from aline 15 feet (46 m) from the basket
Technical Foul
A more serious foul that can becharged to a player or coach whoshows poor sportsmanship such asby arguing with a referee or byfighting with another player
The penalty involves free throws(where unlike a personal foul theother team can choose any player toshoot) and varies among leaguesRepeated incidents can resultin disqualification
Disqualifying Foul (FIBA)
A foul resulting in ejection Whilein leagues other than the NBA such afoul is referred to as flagrant
When a team shoots foul shotsthe opponents may not interferewith the shooter nor may they try toregain possession until the last orpotentially last free throw is in theair
After a team has committed aspecified number of fouls it is said tobe in the penalty On scoreboardsthis is usually signified with an indicatorlight reading Bonus or Penalty withan illuminated directional arrowindicating that team is to receive freethrows when fouled by the opposingteam (Some scoreboards also indicatethe number of fouls committed)
If A team misses the first shot ofa two-shot situation the opposingteam must wait for the completionof the second shot before attemptingto reclaim possession of the ball andcontinuing play
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
Dribbling only becamea major part of the gamearound the 1950s asmanufacturing improvedthe ball shape
The peach baskets wereused until 1906 when they werefinally replaced by metal hoopswith backboards A furtherchange was soon made so theball merely passed through
Whenever a persongot the ball in thebasket his team wouldgain a point Whicheverteam got the mostpoints won the game
The baskets were originallynailed to the mezzanine balconyof the playing court but thisproved impractical whenspectators on the balcony beganto interfere with shots Thebackboard was introduced toprevent this interference it hadthe additional effect of allowingrebound shots
Naismith handwritten diariesdiscovered by his granddaughter inearly 2006 indicate that he wasnervous about the new game hehad invented which incorporatedrules from a childrens game calledDuck on a Rock as many hadfailed before it Naismith called thenew game Basket Ballldquo
The first official gamewas played in the YMCAgymnasium in Albany NewYork on January 20 1892 withnine players
The game ended at 1ndash0the shot was made from 25feet (76 m) on a court justhalf the size of a present-day Streetball or NationalBasketball Association (NBA)court By 1897ndash1898 teamsof five became standard
Rules and Regulations
A one-point shot can be earned when shooting from the foul line
after a foul is made
Teams exchange baskets forthe second half The time allowedis actual playing time the clock isstopped while the play is notactive Therefore games generallytake much longer to completethan the allotted game timetypically about two hours
Five players from each teammay be on the court at one time
Substitutions are unlimited butcan only be done when play isstopped
Teams also have a coachwho oversees the developmentand strategies of the team andother team personnel suchas assistant coaches managersstatisticians doctors andtrainers
A limited number of time-outs clock stoppages requestedby a coach (or sometimesmandated in the NBA) for a shortmeeting with the players areallowed They generally last nolonger than one minute (100seconds in the NBA) unless fortelevised games a commercialbreak is needed
Uniformconsists
ofa pair of shorts
a jersey with a clearly visible
number unique within the team printed on both
the front and back
Players wear high-top sneakers that
provide extra ankle support
OFFICIALS
For college the NBA and manyhigh schools there are a total ofthree referees on the court
The table officials areresponsible for keeping track of eachteams scoring timekeepingindividual and team fouls playersubstitutions team possessionarrow and the shot clock
Equipments
The only essential equipmentin a basketball game is the ball andthe court a flat rectangular surfacewith baskets at opposite endsCompetitive levels require the use ofmore equipment such as clocks scoresheets scoreboard(s) alternatingpossession arrows and whistle-operated stop-clock systems
Court
Ball
Violations
Forfeits Possession
(The ball must stay withinthe court)-the last team totouch the ball before it travelsout of bounds
Out of Bounds
The ball is out of bounds ifit touches or crosses over aboundary line or touches aplayer who is out of bounds
Traveling
The ball-handler may notstep with both feet withoutdribbling
Double Dribbling
Dribble with both handsor hold the ball and resumedribbling
Carrying the Ball
Any part of the playershand cannot be directlyunder the ball whiledribbling
A team once having establishedball control in the front half of theircourt may not return the ball to thebackcourt and be the first to touchit
The ball may not be kicked norbe struck with the fist
A violation of these rules resultsin loss of possession or ifcommitted by the defense a resetof the shot clock (with someexceptions in the NBA)
Limits imposed on
Limits imposed
on
Limits imposed
on
No player may touch the ball onits downward trajectory to thebasket unless it is obvious that theball has no chance of entering thebasket (goaltending)
In addition no player maytouch the ball while it is on or inthe basket when any part of theball is in the spacious cylinderabove the basket (the areaextended upwards from thebasket) or when the ball is outsidethe cylinder if the player reachesthrough the basket and touches itThis violation is known as basketinterference
If a defensive player goaltendsor commits basket interference thebasket is awarded and theoffending team gets the ball If ateammate of the player shootinggoaltends or commits interferencethe basket is cancelled and playcontinues with the defensive teambeing given possession
HAND SIGNALS
FOULS
An attempt to unfairlydisadvantage an opponentthrough physical contact and itrsquosillegal
Players who are fouled eitherreceive the ball to pass inboundsagain or receive one or more freethrows if they are fouled in the act ofshooting depending on whether theshot was successful
One point is awarded for making afree throw which is attempted from aline 15 feet (46 m) from the basket
Technical Foul
A more serious foul that can becharged to a player or coach whoshows poor sportsmanship such asby arguing with a referee or byfighting with another player
The penalty involves free throws(where unlike a personal foul theother team can choose any player toshoot) and varies among leaguesRepeated incidents can resultin disqualification
Disqualifying Foul (FIBA)
A foul resulting in ejection Whilein leagues other than the NBA such afoul is referred to as flagrant
When a team shoots foul shotsthe opponents may not interferewith the shooter nor may they try toregain possession until the last orpotentially last free throw is in theair
After a team has committed aspecified number of fouls it is said tobe in the penalty On scoreboardsthis is usually signified with an indicatorlight reading Bonus or Penalty withan illuminated directional arrowindicating that team is to receive freethrows when fouled by the opposingteam (Some scoreboards also indicatethe number of fouls committed)
If A team misses the first shot ofa two-shot situation the opposingteam must wait for the completionof the second shot before attemptingto reclaim possession of the ball andcontinuing play
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
The peach baskets wereused until 1906 when they werefinally replaced by metal hoopswith backboards A furtherchange was soon made so theball merely passed through
Whenever a persongot the ball in thebasket his team wouldgain a point Whicheverteam got the mostpoints won the game
The baskets were originallynailed to the mezzanine balconyof the playing court but thisproved impractical whenspectators on the balcony beganto interfere with shots Thebackboard was introduced toprevent this interference it hadthe additional effect of allowingrebound shots
Naismith handwritten diariesdiscovered by his granddaughter inearly 2006 indicate that he wasnervous about the new game hehad invented which incorporatedrules from a childrens game calledDuck on a Rock as many hadfailed before it Naismith called thenew game Basket Ballldquo
The first official gamewas played in the YMCAgymnasium in Albany NewYork on January 20 1892 withnine players
The game ended at 1ndash0the shot was made from 25feet (76 m) on a court justhalf the size of a present-day Streetball or NationalBasketball Association (NBA)court By 1897ndash1898 teamsof five became standard
Rules and Regulations
A one-point shot can be earned when shooting from the foul line
after a foul is made
Teams exchange baskets forthe second half The time allowedis actual playing time the clock isstopped while the play is notactive Therefore games generallytake much longer to completethan the allotted game timetypically about two hours
Five players from each teammay be on the court at one time
Substitutions are unlimited butcan only be done when play isstopped
Teams also have a coachwho oversees the developmentand strategies of the team andother team personnel suchas assistant coaches managersstatisticians doctors andtrainers
A limited number of time-outs clock stoppages requestedby a coach (or sometimesmandated in the NBA) for a shortmeeting with the players areallowed They generally last nolonger than one minute (100seconds in the NBA) unless fortelevised games a commercialbreak is needed
Uniformconsists
ofa pair of shorts
a jersey with a clearly visible
number unique within the team printed on both
the front and back
Players wear high-top sneakers that
provide extra ankle support
OFFICIALS
For college the NBA and manyhigh schools there are a total ofthree referees on the court
The table officials areresponsible for keeping track of eachteams scoring timekeepingindividual and team fouls playersubstitutions team possessionarrow and the shot clock
Equipments
The only essential equipmentin a basketball game is the ball andthe court a flat rectangular surfacewith baskets at opposite endsCompetitive levels require the use ofmore equipment such as clocks scoresheets scoreboard(s) alternatingpossession arrows and whistle-operated stop-clock systems
Court
Ball
Violations
Forfeits Possession
(The ball must stay withinthe court)-the last team totouch the ball before it travelsout of bounds
Out of Bounds
The ball is out of bounds ifit touches or crosses over aboundary line or touches aplayer who is out of bounds
Traveling
The ball-handler may notstep with both feet withoutdribbling
Double Dribbling
Dribble with both handsor hold the ball and resumedribbling
Carrying the Ball
Any part of the playershand cannot be directlyunder the ball whiledribbling
A team once having establishedball control in the front half of theircourt may not return the ball to thebackcourt and be the first to touchit
The ball may not be kicked norbe struck with the fist
A violation of these rules resultsin loss of possession or ifcommitted by the defense a resetof the shot clock (with someexceptions in the NBA)
Limits imposed on
Limits imposed
on
Limits imposed
on
No player may touch the ball onits downward trajectory to thebasket unless it is obvious that theball has no chance of entering thebasket (goaltending)
In addition no player maytouch the ball while it is on or inthe basket when any part of theball is in the spacious cylinderabove the basket (the areaextended upwards from thebasket) or when the ball is outsidethe cylinder if the player reachesthrough the basket and touches itThis violation is known as basketinterference
If a defensive player goaltendsor commits basket interference thebasket is awarded and theoffending team gets the ball If ateammate of the player shootinggoaltends or commits interferencethe basket is cancelled and playcontinues with the defensive teambeing given possession
HAND SIGNALS
FOULS
An attempt to unfairlydisadvantage an opponentthrough physical contact and itrsquosillegal
Players who are fouled eitherreceive the ball to pass inboundsagain or receive one or more freethrows if they are fouled in the act ofshooting depending on whether theshot was successful
One point is awarded for making afree throw which is attempted from aline 15 feet (46 m) from the basket
Technical Foul
A more serious foul that can becharged to a player or coach whoshows poor sportsmanship such asby arguing with a referee or byfighting with another player
The penalty involves free throws(where unlike a personal foul theother team can choose any player toshoot) and varies among leaguesRepeated incidents can resultin disqualification
Disqualifying Foul (FIBA)
A foul resulting in ejection Whilein leagues other than the NBA such afoul is referred to as flagrant
When a team shoots foul shotsthe opponents may not interferewith the shooter nor may they try toregain possession until the last orpotentially last free throw is in theair
After a team has committed aspecified number of fouls it is said tobe in the penalty On scoreboardsthis is usually signified with an indicatorlight reading Bonus or Penalty withan illuminated directional arrowindicating that team is to receive freethrows when fouled by the opposingteam (Some scoreboards also indicatethe number of fouls committed)
If A team misses the first shot ofa two-shot situation the opposingteam must wait for the completionof the second shot before attemptingto reclaim possession of the ball andcontinuing play
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
Whenever a persongot the ball in thebasket his team wouldgain a point Whicheverteam got the mostpoints won the game
The baskets were originallynailed to the mezzanine balconyof the playing court but thisproved impractical whenspectators on the balcony beganto interfere with shots Thebackboard was introduced toprevent this interference it hadthe additional effect of allowingrebound shots
Naismith handwritten diariesdiscovered by his granddaughter inearly 2006 indicate that he wasnervous about the new game hehad invented which incorporatedrules from a childrens game calledDuck on a Rock as many hadfailed before it Naismith called thenew game Basket Ballldquo
The first official gamewas played in the YMCAgymnasium in Albany NewYork on January 20 1892 withnine players
The game ended at 1ndash0the shot was made from 25feet (76 m) on a court justhalf the size of a present-day Streetball or NationalBasketball Association (NBA)court By 1897ndash1898 teamsof five became standard
Rules and Regulations
A one-point shot can be earned when shooting from the foul line
after a foul is made
Teams exchange baskets forthe second half The time allowedis actual playing time the clock isstopped while the play is notactive Therefore games generallytake much longer to completethan the allotted game timetypically about two hours
Five players from each teammay be on the court at one time
Substitutions are unlimited butcan only be done when play isstopped
Teams also have a coachwho oversees the developmentand strategies of the team andother team personnel suchas assistant coaches managersstatisticians doctors andtrainers
A limited number of time-outs clock stoppages requestedby a coach (or sometimesmandated in the NBA) for a shortmeeting with the players areallowed They generally last nolonger than one minute (100seconds in the NBA) unless fortelevised games a commercialbreak is needed
Uniformconsists
ofa pair of shorts
a jersey with a clearly visible
number unique within the team printed on both
the front and back
Players wear high-top sneakers that
provide extra ankle support
OFFICIALS
For college the NBA and manyhigh schools there are a total ofthree referees on the court
The table officials areresponsible for keeping track of eachteams scoring timekeepingindividual and team fouls playersubstitutions team possessionarrow and the shot clock
Equipments
The only essential equipmentin a basketball game is the ball andthe court a flat rectangular surfacewith baskets at opposite endsCompetitive levels require the use ofmore equipment such as clocks scoresheets scoreboard(s) alternatingpossession arrows and whistle-operated stop-clock systems
Court
Ball
Violations
Forfeits Possession
(The ball must stay withinthe court)-the last team totouch the ball before it travelsout of bounds
Out of Bounds
The ball is out of bounds ifit touches or crosses over aboundary line or touches aplayer who is out of bounds
Traveling
The ball-handler may notstep with both feet withoutdribbling
Double Dribbling
Dribble with both handsor hold the ball and resumedribbling
Carrying the Ball
Any part of the playershand cannot be directlyunder the ball whiledribbling
A team once having establishedball control in the front half of theircourt may not return the ball to thebackcourt and be the first to touchit
The ball may not be kicked norbe struck with the fist
A violation of these rules resultsin loss of possession or ifcommitted by the defense a resetof the shot clock (with someexceptions in the NBA)
Limits imposed on
Limits imposed
on
Limits imposed
on
No player may touch the ball onits downward trajectory to thebasket unless it is obvious that theball has no chance of entering thebasket (goaltending)
In addition no player maytouch the ball while it is on or inthe basket when any part of theball is in the spacious cylinderabove the basket (the areaextended upwards from thebasket) or when the ball is outsidethe cylinder if the player reachesthrough the basket and touches itThis violation is known as basketinterference
If a defensive player goaltendsor commits basket interference thebasket is awarded and theoffending team gets the ball If ateammate of the player shootinggoaltends or commits interferencethe basket is cancelled and playcontinues with the defensive teambeing given possession
HAND SIGNALS
FOULS
An attempt to unfairlydisadvantage an opponentthrough physical contact and itrsquosillegal
Players who are fouled eitherreceive the ball to pass inboundsagain or receive one or more freethrows if they are fouled in the act ofshooting depending on whether theshot was successful
One point is awarded for making afree throw which is attempted from aline 15 feet (46 m) from the basket
Technical Foul
A more serious foul that can becharged to a player or coach whoshows poor sportsmanship such asby arguing with a referee or byfighting with another player
The penalty involves free throws(where unlike a personal foul theother team can choose any player toshoot) and varies among leaguesRepeated incidents can resultin disqualification
Disqualifying Foul (FIBA)
A foul resulting in ejection Whilein leagues other than the NBA such afoul is referred to as flagrant
When a team shoots foul shotsthe opponents may not interferewith the shooter nor may they try toregain possession until the last orpotentially last free throw is in theair
After a team has committed aspecified number of fouls it is said tobe in the penalty On scoreboardsthis is usually signified with an indicatorlight reading Bonus or Penalty withan illuminated directional arrowindicating that team is to receive freethrows when fouled by the opposingteam (Some scoreboards also indicatethe number of fouls committed)
If A team misses the first shot ofa two-shot situation the opposingteam must wait for the completionof the second shot before attemptingto reclaim possession of the ball andcontinuing play
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
The baskets were originallynailed to the mezzanine balconyof the playing court but thisproved impractical whenspectators on the balcony beganto interfere with shots Thebackboard was introduced toprevent this interference it hadthe additional effect of allowingrebound shots
Naismith handwritten diariesdiscovered by his granddaughter inearly 2006 indicate that he wasnervous about the new game hehad invented which incorporatedrules from a childrens game calledDuck on a Rock as many hadfailed before it Naismith called thenew game Basket Ballldquo
The first official gamewas played in the YMCAgymnasium in Albany NewYork on January 20 1892 withnine players
The game ended at 1ndash0the shot was made from 25feet (76 m) on a court justhalf the size of a present-day Streetball or NationalBasketball Association (NBA)court By 1897ndash1898 teamsof five became standard
Rules and Regulations
A one-point shot can be earned when shooting from the foul line
after a foul is made
Teams exchange baskets forthe second half The time allowedis actual playing time the clock isstopped while the play is notactive Therefore games generallytake much longer to completethan the allotted game timetypically about two hours
Five players from each teammay be on the court at one time
Substitutions are unlimited butcan only be done when play isstopped
Teams also have a coachwho oversees the developmentand strategies of the team andother team personnel suchas assistant coaches managersstatisticians doctors andtrainers
A limited number of time-outs clock stoppages requestedby a coach (or sometimesmandated in the NBA) for a shortmeeting with the players areallowed They generally last nolonger than one minute (100seconds in the NBA) unless fortelevised games a commercialbreak is needed
Uniformconsists
ofa pair of shorts
a jersey with a clearly visible
number unique within the team printed on both
the front and back
Players wear high-top sneakers that
provide extra ankle support
OFFICIALS
For college the NBA and manyhigh schools there are a total ofthree referees on the court
The table officials areresponsible for keeping track of eachteams scoring timekeepingindividual and team fouls playersubstitutions team possessionarrow and the shot clock
Equipments
The only essential equipmentin a basketball game is the ball andthe court a flat rectangular surfacewith baskets at opposite endsCompetitive levels require the use ofmore equipment such as clocks scoresheets scoreboard(s) alternatingpossession arrows and whistle-operated stop-clock systems
Court
Ball
Violations
Forfeits Possession
(The ball must stay withinthe court)-the last team totouch the ball before it travelsout of bounds
Out of Bounds
The ball is out of bounds ifit touches or crosses over aboundary line or touches aplayer who is out of bounds
Traveling
The ball-handler may notstep with both feet withoutdribbling
Double Dribbling
Dribble with both handsor hold the ball and resumedribbling
Carrying the Ball
Any part of the playershand cannot be directlyunder the ball whiledribbling
A team once having establishedball control in the front half of theircourt may not return the ball to thebackcourt and be the first to touchit
The ball may not be kicked norbe struck with the fist
A violation of these rules resultsin loss of possession or ifcommitted by the defense a resetof the shot clock (with someexceptions in the NBA)
Limits imposed on
Limits imposed
on
Limits imposed
on
No player may touch the ball onits downward trajectory to thebasket unless it is obvious that theball has no chance of entering thebasket (goaltending)
In addition no player maytouch the ball while it is on or inthe basket when any part of theball is in the spacious cylinderabove the basket (the areaextended upwards from thebasket) or when the ball is outsidethe cylinder if the player reachesthrough the basket and touches itThis violation is known as basketinterference
If a defensive player goaltendsor commits basket interference thebasket is awarded and theoffending team gets the ball If ateammate of the player shootinggoaltends or commits interferencethe basket is cancelled and playcontinues with the defensive teambeing given possession
HAND SIGNALS
FOULS
An attempt to unfairlydisadvantage an opponentthrough physical contact and itrsquosillegal
Players who are fouled eitherreceive the ball to pass inboundsagain or receive one or more freethrows if they are fouled in the act ofshooting depending on whether theshot was successful
One point is awarded for making afree throw which is attempted from aline 15 feet (46 m) from the basket
Technical Foul
A more serious foul that can becharged to a player or coach whoshows poor sportsmanship such asby arguing with a referee or byfighting with another player
The penalty involves free throws(where unlike a personal foul theother team can choose any player toshoot) and varies among leaguesRepeated incidents can resultin disqualification
Disqualifying Foul (FIBA)
A foul resulting in ejection Whilein leagues other than the NBA such afoul is referred to as flagrant
When a team shoots foul shotsthe opponents may not interferewith the shooter nor may they try toregain possession until the last orpotentially last free throw is in theair
After a team has committed aspecified number of fouls it is said tobe in the penalty On scoreboardsthis is usually signified with an indicatorlight reading Bonus or Penalty withan illuminated directional arrowindicating that team is to receive freethrows when fouled by the opposingteam (Some scoreboards also indicatethe number of fouls committed)
If A team misses the first shot ofa two-shot situation the opposingteam must wait for the completionof the second shot before attemptingto reclaim possession of the ball andcontinuing play
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
Naismith handwritten diariesdiscovered by his granddaughter inearly 2006 indicate that he wasnervous about the new game hehad invented which incorporatedrules from a childrens game calledDuck on a Rock as many hadfailed before it Naismith called thenew game Basket Ballldquo
The first official gamewas played in the YMCAgymnasium in Albany NewYork on January 20 1892 withnine players
The game ended at 1ndash0the shot was made from 25feet (76 m) on a court justhalf the size of a present-day Streetball or NationalBasketball Association (NBA)court By 1897ndash1898 teamsof five became standard
Rules and Regulations
A one-point shot can be earned when shooting from the foul line
after a foul is made
Teams exchange baskets forthe second half The time allowedis actual playing time the clock isstopped while the play is notactive Therefore games generallytake much longer to completethan the allotted game timetypically about two hours
Five players from each teammay be on the court at one time
Substitutions are unlimited butcan only be done when play isstopped
Teams also have a coachwho oversees the developmentand strategies of the team andother team personnel suchas assistant coaches managersstatisticians doctors andtrainers
A limited number of time-outs clock stoppages requestedby a coach (or sometimesmandated in the NBA) for a shortmeeting with the players areallowed They generally last nolonger than one minute (100seconds in the NBA) unless fortelevised games a commercialbreak is needed
Uniformconsists
ofa pair of shorts
a jersey with a clearly visible
number unique within the team printed on both
the front and back
Players wear high-top sneakers that
provide extra ankle support
OFFICIALS
For college the NBA and manyhigh schools there are a total ofthree referees on the court
The table officials areresponsible for keeping track of eachteams scoring timekeepingindividual and team fouls playersubstitutions team possessionarrow and the shot clock
Equipments
The only essential equipmentin a basketball game is the ball andthe court a flat rectangular surfacewith baskets at opposite endsCompetitive levels require the use ofmore equipment such as clocks scoresheets scoreboard(s) alternatingpossession arrows and whistle-operated stop-clock systems
Court
Ball
Violations
Forfeits Possession
(The ball must stay withinthe court)-the last team totouch the ball before it travelsout of bounds
Out of Bounds
The ball is out of bounds ifit touches or crosses over aboundary line or touches aplayer who is out of bounds
Traveling
The ball-handler may notstep with both feet withoutdribbling
Double Dribbling
Dribble with both handsor hold the ball and resumedribbling
Carrying the Ball
Any part of the playershand cannot be directlyunder the ball whiledribbling
A team once having establishedball control in the front half of theircourt may not return the ball to thebackcourt and be the first to touchit
The ball may not be kicked norbe struck with the fist
A violation of these rules resultsin loss of possession or ifcommitted by the defense a resetof the shot clock (with someexceptions in the NBA)
Limits imposed on
Limits imposed
on
Limits imposed
on
No player may touch the ball onits downward trajectory to thebasket unless it is obvious that theball has no chance of entering thebasket (goaltending)
In addition no player maytouch the ball while it is on or inthe basket when any part of theball is in the spacious cylinderabove the basket (the areaextended upwards from thebasket) or when the ball is outsidethe cylinder if the player reachesthrough the basket and touches itThis violation is known as basketinterference
If a defensive player goaltendsor commits basket interference thebasket is awarded and theoffending team gets the ball If ateammate of the player shootinggoaltends or commits interferencethe basket is cancelled and playcontinues with the defensive teambeing given possession
HAND SIGNALS
FOULS
An attempt to unfairlydisadvantage an opponentthrough physical contact and itrsquosillegal
Players who are fouled eitherreceive the ball to pass inboundsagain or receive one or more freethrows if they are fouled in the act ofshooting depending on whether theshot was successful
One point is awarded for making afree throw which is attempted from aline 15 feet (46 m) from the basket
Technical Foul
A more serious foul that can becharged to a player or coach whoshows poor sportsmanship such asby arguing with a referee or byfighting with another player
The penalty involves free throws(where unlike a personal foul theother team can choose any player toshoot) and varies among leaguesRepeated incidents can resultin disqualification
Disqualifying Foul (FIBA)
A foul resulting in ejection Whilein leagues other than the NBA such afoul is referred to as flagrant
When a team shoots foul shotsthe opponents may not interferewith the shooter nor may they try toregain possession until the last orpotentially last free throw is in theair
After a team has committed aspecified number of fouls it is said tobe in the penalty On scoreboardsthis is usually signified with an indicatorlight reading Bonus or Penalty withan illuminated directional arrowindicating that team is to receive freethrows when fouled by the opposingteam (Some scoreboards also indicatethe number of fouls committed)
If A team misses the first shot ofa two-shot situation the opposingteam must wait for the completionof the second shot before attemptingto reclaim possession of the ball andcontinuing play
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
The first official gamewas played in the YMCAgymnasium in Albany NewYork on January 20 1892 withnine players
The game ended at 1ndash0the shot was made from 25feet (76 m) on a court justhalf the size of a present-day Streetball or NationalBasketball Association (NBA)court By 1897ndash1898 teamsof five became standard
Rules and Regulations
A one-point shot can be earned when shooting from the foul line
after a foul is made
Teams exchange baskets forthe second half The time allowedis actual playing time the clock isstopped while the play is notactive Therefore games generallytake much longer to completethan the allotted game timetypically about two hours
Five players from each teammay be on the court at one time
Substitutions are unlimited butcan only be done when play isstopped
Teams also have a coachwho oversees the developmentand strategies of the team andother team personnel suchas assistant coaches managersstatisticians doctors andtrainers
A limited number of time-outs clock stoppages requestedby a coach (or sometimesmandated in the NBA) for a shortmeeting with the players areallowed They generally last nolonger than one minute (100seconds in the NBA) unless fortelevised games a commercialbreak is needed
Uniformconsists
ofa pair of shorts
a jersey with a clearly visible
number unique within the team printed on both
the front and back
Players wear high-top sneakers that
provide extra ankle support
OFFICIALS
For college the NBA and manyhigh schools there are a total ofthree referees on the court
The table officials areresponsible for keeping track of eachteams scoring timekeepingindividual and team fouls playersubstitutions team possessionarrow and the shot clock
Equipments
The only essential equipmentin a basketball game is the ball andthe court a flat rectangular surfacewith baskets at opposite endsCompetitive levels require the use ofmore equipment such as clocks scoresheets scoreboard(s) alternatingpossession arrows and whistle-operated stop-clock systems
Court
Ball
Violations
Forfeits Possession
(The ball must stay withinthe court)-the last team totouch the ball before it travelsout of bounds
Out of Bounds
The ball is out of bounds ifit touches or crosses over aboundary line or touches aplayer who is out of bounds
Traveling
The ball-handler may notstep with both feet withoutdribbling
Double Dribbling
Dribble with both handsor hold the ball and resumedribbling
Carrying the Ball
Any part of the playershand cannot be directlyunder the ball whiledribbling
A team once having establishedball control in the front half of theircourt may not return the ball to thebackcourt and be the first to touchit
The ball may not be kicked norbe struck with the fist
A violation of these rules resultsin loss of possession or ifcommitted by the defense a resetof the shot clock (with someexceptions in the NBA)
Limits imposed on
Limits imposed
on
Limits imposed
on
No player may touch the ball onits downward trajectory to thebasket unless it is obvious that theball has no chance of entering thebasket (goaltending)
In addition no player maytouch the ball while it is on or inthe basket when any part of theball is in the spacious cylinderabove the basket (the areaextended upwards from thebasket) or when the ball is outsidethe cylinder if the player reachesthrough the basket and touches itThis violation is known as basketinterference
If a defensive player goaltendsor commits basket interference thebasket is awarded and theoffending team gets the ball If ateammate of the player shootinggoaltends or commits interferencethe basket is cancelled and playcontinues with the defensive teambeing given possession
HAND SIGNALS
FOULS
An attempt to unfairlydisadvantage an opponentthrough physical contact and itrsquosillegal
Players who are fouled eitherreceive the ball to pass inboundsagain or receive one or more freethrows if they are fouled in the act ofshooting depending on whether theshot was successful
One point is awarded for making afree throw which is attempted from aline 15 feet (46 m) from the basket
Technical Foul
A more serious foul that can becharged to a player or coach whoshows poor sportsmanship such asby arguing with a referee or byfighting with another player
The penalty involves free throws(where unlike a personal foul theother team can choose any player toshoot) and varies among leaguesRepeated incidents can resultin disqualification
Disqualifying Foul (FIBA)
A foul resulting in ejection Whilein leagues other than the NBA such afoul is referred to as flagrant
When a team shoots foul shotsthe opponents may not interferewith the shooter nor may they try toregain possession until the last orpotentially last free throw is in theair
After a team has committed aspecified number of fouls it is said tobe in the penalty On scoreboardsthis is usually signified with an indicatorlight reading Bonus or Penalty withan illuminated directional arrowindicating that team is to receive freethrows when fouled by the opposingteam (Some scoreboards also indicatethe number of fouls committed)
If A team misses the first shot ofa two-shot situation the opposingteam must wait for the completionof the second shot before attemptingto reclaim possession of the ball andcontinuing play
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
The game ended at 1ndash0the shot was made from 25feet (76 m) on a court justhalf the size of a present-day Streetball or NationalBasketball Association (NBA)court By 1897ndash1898 teamsof five became standard
Rules and Regulations
A one-point shot can be earned when shooting from the foul line
after a foul is made
Teams exchange baskets forthe second half The time allowedis actual playing time the clock isstopped while the play is notactive Therefore games generallytake much longer to completethan the allotted game timetypically about two hours
Five players from each teammay be on the court at one time
Substitutions are unlimited butcan only be done when play isstopped
Teams also have a coachwho oversees the developmentand strategies of the team andother team personnel suchas assistant coaches managersstatisticians doctors andtrainers
A limited number of time-outs clock stoppages requestedby a coach (or sometimesmandated in the NBA) for a shortmeeting with the players areallowed They generally last nolonger than one minute (100seconds in the NBA) unless fortelevised games a commercialbreak is needed
Uniformconsists
ofa pair of shorts
a jersey with a clearly visible
number unique within the team printed on both
the front and back
Players wear high-top sneakers that
provide extra ankle support
OFFICIALS
For college the NBA and manyhigh schools there are a total ofthree referees on the court
The table officials areresponsible for keeping track of eachteams scoring timekeepingindividual and team fouls playersubstitutions team possessionarrow and the shot clock
Equipments
The only essential equipmentin a basketball game is the ball andthe court a flat rectangular surfacewith baskets at opposite endsCompetitive levels require the use ofmore equipment such as clocks scoresheets scoreboard(s) alternatingpossession arrows and whistle-operated stop-clock systems
Court
Ball
Violations
Forfeits Possession
(The ball must stay withinthe court)-the last team totouch the ball before it travelsout of bounds
Out of Bounds
The ball is out of bounds ifit touches or crosses over aboundary line or touches aplayer who is out of bounds
Traveling
The ball-handler may notstep with both feet withoutdribbling
Double Dribbling
Dribble with both handsor hold the ball and resumedribbling
Carrying the Ball
Any part of the playershand cannot be directlyunder the ball whiledribbling
A team once having establishedball control in the front half of theircourt may not return the ball to thebackcourt and be the first to touchit
The ball may not be kicked norbe struck with the fist
A violation of these rules resultsin loss of possession or ifcommitted by the defense a resetof the shot clock (with someexceptions in the NBA)
Limits imposed on
Limits imposed
on
Limits imposed
on
No player may touch the ball onits downward trajectory to thebasket unless it is obvious that theball has no chance of entering thebasket (goaltending)
In addition no player maytouch the ball while it is on or inthe basket when any part of theball is in the spacious cylinderabove the basket (the areaextended upwards from thebasket) or when the ball is outsidethe cylinder if the player reachesthrough the basket and touches itThis violation is known as basketinterference
If a defensive player goaltendsor commits basket interference thebasket is awarded and theoffending team gets the ball If ateammate of the player shootinggoaltends or commits interferencethe basket is cancelled and playcontinues with the defensive teambeing given possession
HAND SIGNALS
FOULS
An attempt to unfairlydisadvantage an opponentthrough physical contact and itrsquosillegal
Players who are fouled eitherreceive the ball to pass inboundsagain or receive one or more freethrows if they are fouled in the act ofshooting depending on whether theshot was successful
One point is awarded for making afree throw which is attempted from aline 15 feet (46 m) from the basket
Technical Foul
A more serious foul that can becharged to a player or coach whoshows poor sportsmanship such asby arguing with a referee or byfighting with another player
The penalty involves free throws(where unlike a personal foul theother team can choose any player toshoot) and varies among leaguesRepeated incidents can resultin disqualification
Disqualifying Foul (FIBA)
A foul resulting in ejection Whilein leagues other than the NBA such afoul is referred to as flagrant
When a team shoots foul shotsthe opponents may not interferewith the shooter nor may they try toregain possession until the last orpotentially last free throw is in theair
After a team has committed aspecified number of fouls it is said tobe in the penalty On scoreboardsthis is usually signified with an indicatorlight reading Bonus or Penalty withan illuminated directional arrowindicating that team is to receive freethrows when fouled by the opposingteam (Some scoreboards also indicatethe number of fouls committed)
If A team misses the first shot ofa two-shot situation the opposingteam must wait for the completionof the second shot before attemptingto reclaim possession of the ball andcontinuing play
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
Rules and Regulations
A one-point shot can be earned when shooting from the foul line
after a foul is made
Teams exchange baskets forthe second half The time allowedis actual playing time the clock isstopped while the play is notactive Therefore games generallytake much longer to completethan the allotted game timetypically about two hours
Five players from each teammay be on the court at one time
Substitutions are unlimited butcan only be done when play isstopped
Teams also have a coachwho oversees the developmentand strategies of the team andother team personnel suchas assistant coaches managersstatisticians doctors andtrainers
A limited number of time-outs clock stoppages requestedby a coach (or sometimesmandated in the NBA) for a shortmeeting with the players areallowed They generally last nolonger than one minute (100seconds in the NBA) unless fortelevised games a commercialbreak is needed
Uniformconsists
ofa pair of shorts
a jersey with a clearly visible
number unique within the team printed on both
the front and back
Players wear high-top sneakers that
provide extra ankle support
OFFICIALS
For college the NBA and manyhigh schools there are a total ofthree referees on the court
The table officials areresponsible for keeping track of eachteams scoring timekeepingindividual and team fouls playersubstitutions team possessionarrow and the shot clock
Equipments
The only essential equipmentin a basketball game is the ball andthe court a flat rectangular surfacewith baskets at opposite endsCompetitive levels require the use ofmore equipment such as clocks scoresheets scoreboard(s) alternatingpossession arrows and whistle-operated stop-clock systems
Court
Ball
Violations
Forfeits Possession
(The ball must stay withinthe court)-the last team totouch the ball before it travelsout of bounds
Out of Bounds
The ball is out of bounds ifit touches or crosses over aboundary line or touches aplayer who is out of bounds
Traveling
The ball-handler may notstep with both feet withoutdribbling
Double Dribbling
Dribble with both handsor hold the ball and resumedribbling
Carrying the Ball
Any part of the playershand cannot be directlyunder the ball whiledribbling
A team once having establishedball control in the front half of theircourt may not return the ball to thebackcourt and be the first to touchit
The ball may not be kicked norbe struck with the fist
A violation of these rules resultsin loss of possession or ifcommitted by the defense a resetof the shot clock (with someexceptions in the NBA)
Limits imposed on
Limits imposed
on
Limits imposed
on
No player may touch the ball onits downward trajectory to thebasket unless it is obvious that theball has no chance of entering thebasket (goaltending)
In addition no player maytouch the ball while it is on or inthe basket when any part of theball is in the spacious cylinderabove the basket (the areaextended upwards from thebasket) or when the ball is outsidethe cylinder if the player reachesthrough the basket and touches itThis violation is known as basketinterference
If a defensive player goaltendsor commits basket interference thebasket is awarded and theoffending team gets the ball If ateammate of the player shootinggoaltends or commits interferencethe basket is cancelled and playcontinues with the defensive teambeing given possession
HAND SIGNALS
FOULS
An attempt to unfairlydisadvantage an opponentthrough physical contact and itrsquosillegal
Players who are fouled eitherreceive the ball to pass inboundsagain or receive one or more freethrows if they are fouled in the act ofshooting depending on whether theshot was successful
One point is awarded for making afree throw which is attempted from aline 15 feet (46 m) from the basket
Technical Foul
A more serious foul that can becharged to a player or coach whoshows poor sportsmanship such asby arguing with a referee or byfighting with another player
The penalty involves free throws(where unlike a personal foul theother team can choose any player toshoot) and varies among leaguesRepeated incidents can resultin disqualification
Disqualifying Foul (FIBA)
A foul resulting in ejection Whilein leagues other than the NBA such afoul is referred to as flagrant
When a team shoots foul shotsthe opponents may not interferewith the shooter nor may they try toregain possession until the last orpotentially last free throw is in theair
After a team has committed aspecified number of fouls it is said tobe in the penalty On scoreboardsthis is usually signified with an indicatorlight reading Bonus or Penalty withan illuminated directional arrowindicating that team is to receive freethrows when fouled by the opposingteam (Some scoreboards also indicatethe number of fouls committed)
If A team misses the first shot ofa two-shot situation the opposingteam must wait for the completionof the second shot before attemptingto reclaim possession of the ball andcontinuing play
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
Teams exchange baskets forthe second half The time allowedis actual playing time the clock isstopped while the play is notactive Therefore games generallytake much longer to completethan the allotted game timetypically about two hours
Five players from each teammay be on the court at one time
Substitutions are unlimited butcan only be done when play isstopped
Teams also have a coachwho oversees the developmentand strategies of the team andother team personnel suchas assistant coaches managersstatisticians doctors andtrainers
A limited number of time-outs clock stoppages requestedby a coach (or sometimesmandated in the NBA) for a shortmeeting with the players areallowed They generally last nolonger than one minute (100seconds in the NBA) unless fortelevised games a commercialbreak is needed
Uniformconsists
ofa pair of shorts
a jersey with a clearly visible
number unique within the team printed on both
the front and back
Players wear high-top sneakers that
provide extra ankle support
OFFICIALS
For college the NBA and manyhigh schools there are a total ofthree referees on the court
The table officials areresponsible for keeping track of eachteams scoring timekeepingindividual and team fouls playersubstitutions team possessionarrow and the shot clock
Equipments
The only essential equipmentin a basketball game is the ball andthe court a flat rectangular surfacewith baskets at opposite endsCompetitive levels require the use ofmore equipment such as clocks scoresheets scoreboard(s) alternatingpossession arrows and whistle-operated stop-clock systems
Court
Ball
Violations
Forfeits Possession
(The ball must stay withinthe court)-the last team totouch the ball before it travelsout of bounds
Out of Bounds
The ball is out of bounds ifit touches or crosses over aboundary line or touches aplayer who is out of bounds
Traveling
The ball-handler may notstep with both feet withoutdribbling
Double Dribbling
Dribble with both handsor hold the ball and resumedribbling
Carrying the Ball
Any part of the playershand cannot be directlyunder the ball whiledribbling
A team once having establishedball control in the front half of theircourt may not return the ball to thebackcourt and be the first to touchit
The ball may not be kicked norbe struck with the fist
A violation of these rules resultsin loss of possession or ifcommitted by the defense a resetof the shot clock (with someexceptions in the NBA)
Limits imposed on
Limits imposed
on
Limits imposed
on
No player may touch the ball onits downward trajectory to thebasket unless it is obvious that theball has no chance of entering thebasket (goaltending)
In addition no player maytouch the ball while it is on or inthe basket when any part of theball is in the spacious cylinderabove the basket (the areaextended upwards from thebasket) or when the ball is outsidethe cylinder if the player reachesthrough the basket and touches itThis violation is known as basketinterference
If a defensive player goaltendsor commits basket interference thebasket is awarded and theoffending team gets the ball If ateammate of the player shootinggoaltends or commits interferencethe basket is cancelled and playcontinues with the defensive teambeing given possession
HAND SIGNALS
FOULS
An attempt to unfairlydisadvantage an opponentthrough physical contact and itrsquosillegal
Players who are fouled eitherreceive the ball to pass inboundsagain or receive one or more freethrows if they are fouled in the act ofshooting depending on whether theshot was successful
One point is awarded for making afree throw which is attempted from aline 15 feet (46 m) from the basket
Technical Foul
A more serious foul that can becharged to a player or coach whoshows poor sportsmanship such asby arguing with a referee or byfighting with another player
The penalty involves free throws(where unlike a personal foul theother team can choose any player toshoot) and varies among leaguesRepeated incidents can resultin disqualification
Disqualifying Foul (FIBA)
A foul resulting in ejection Whilein leagues other than the NBA such afoul is referred to as flagrant
When a team shoots foul shotsthe opponents may not interferewith the shooter nor may they try toregain possession until the last orpotentially last free throw is in theair
After a team has committed aspecified number of fouls it is said tobe in the penalty On scoreboardsthis is usually signified with an indicatorlight reading Bonus or Penalty withan illuminated directional arrowindicating that team is to receive freethrows when fouled by the opposingteam (Some scoreboards also indicatethe number of fouls committed)
If A team misses the first shot ofa two-shot situation the opposingteam must wait for the completionof the second shot before attemptingto reclaim possession of the ball andcontinuing play
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
Five players from each teammay be on the court at one time
Substitutions are unlimited butcan only be done when play isstopped
Teams also have a coachwho oversees the developmentand strategies of the team andother team personnel suchas assistant coaches managersstatisticians doctors andtrainers
A limited number of time-outs clock stoppages requestedby a coach (or sometimesmandated in the NBA) for a shortmeeting with the players areallowed They generally last nolonger than one minute (100seconds in the NBA) unless fortelevised games a commercialbreak is needed
Uniformconsists
ofa pair of shorts
a jersey with a clearly visible
number unique within the team printed on both
the front and back
Players wear high-top sneakers that
provide extra ankle support
OFFICIALS
For college the NBA and manyhigh schools there are a total ofthree referees on the court
The table officials areresponsible for keeping track of eachteams scoring timekeepingindividual and team fouls playersubstitutions team possessionarrow and the shot clock
Equipments
The only essential equipmentin a basketball game is the ball andthe court a flat rectangular surfacewith baskets at opposite endsCompetitive levels require the use ofmore equipment such as clocks scoresheets scoreboard(s) alternatingpossession arrows and whistle-operated stop-clock systems
Court
Ball
Violations
Forfeits Possession
(The ball must stay withinthe court)-the last team totouch the ball before it travelsout of bounds
Out of Bounds
The ball is out of bounds ifit touches or crosses over aboundary line or touches aplayer who is out of bounds
Traveling
The ball-handler may notstep with both feet withoutdribbling
Double Dribbling
Dribble with both handsor hold the ball and resumedribbling
Carrying the Ball
Any part of the playershand cannot be directlyunder the ball whiledribbling
A team once having establishedball control in the front half of theircourt may not return the ball to thebackcourt and be the first to touchit
The ball may not be kicked norbe struck with the fist
A violation of these rules resultsin loss of possession or ifcommitted by the defense a resetof the shot clock (with someexceptions in the NBA)
Limits imposed on
Limits imposed
on
Limits imposed
on
No player may touch the ball onits downward trajectory to thebasket unless it is obvious that theball has no chance of entering thebasket (goaltending)
In addition no player maytouch the ball while it is on or inthe basket when any part of theball is in the spacious cylinderabove the basket (the areaextended upwards from thebasket) or when the ball is outsidethe cylinder if the player reachesthrough the basket and touches itThis violation is known as basketinterference
If a defensive player goaltendsor commits basket interference thebasket is awarded and theoffending team gets the ball If ateammate of the player shootinggoaltends or commits interferencethe basket is cancelled and playcontinues with the defensive teambeing given possession
HAND SIGNALS
FOULS
An attempt to unfairlydisadvantage an opponentthrough physical contact and itrsquosillegal
Players who are fouled eitherreceive the ball to pass inboundsagain or receive one or more freethrows if they are fouled in the act ofshooting depending on whether theshot was successful
One point is awarded for making afree throw which is attempted from aline 15 feet (46 m) from the basket
Technical Foul
A more serious foul that can becharged to a player or coach whoshows poor sportsmanship such asby arguing with a referee or byfighting with another player
The penalty involves free throws(where unlike a personal foul theother team can choose any player toshoot) and varies among leaguesRepeated incidents can resultin disqualification
Disqualifying Foul (FIBA)
A foul resulting in ejection Whilein leagues other than the NBA such afoul is referred to as flagrant
When a team shoots foul shotsthe opponents may not interferewith the shooter nor may they try toregain possession until the last orpotentially last free throw is in theair
After a team has committed aspecified number of fouls it is said tobe in the penalty On scoreboardsthis is usually signified with an indicatorlight reading Bonus or Penalty withan illuminated directional arrowindicating that team is to receive freethrows when fouled by the opposingteam (Some scoreboards also indicatethe number of fouls committed)
If A team misses the first shot ofa two-shot situation the opposingteam must wait for the completionof the second shot before attemptingto reclaim possession of the ball andcontinuing play
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
Teams also have a coachwho oversees the developmentand strategies of the team andother team personnel suchas assistant coaches managersstatisticians doctors andtrainers
A limited number of time-outs clock stoppages requestedby a coach (or sometimesmandated in the NBA) for a shortmeeting with the players areallowed They generally last nolonger than one minute (100seconds in the NBA) unless fortelevised games a commercialbreak is needed
Uniformconsists
ofa pair of shorts
a jersey with a clearly visible
number unique within the team printed on both
the front and back
Players wear high-top sneakers that
provide extra ankle support
OFFICIALS
For college the NBA and manyhigh schools there are a total ofthree referees on the court
The table officials areresponsible for keeping track of eachteams scoring timekeepingindividual and team fouls playersubstitutions team possessionarrow and the shot clock
Equipments
The only essential equipmentin a basketball game is the ball andthe court a flat rectangular surfacewith baskets at opposite endsCompetitive levels require the use ofmore equipment such as clocks scoresheets scoreboard(s) alternatingpossession arrows and whistle-operated stop-clock systems
Court
Ball
Violations
Forfeits Possession
(The ball must stay withinthe court)-the last team totouch the ball before it travelsout of bounds
Out of Bounds
The ball is out of bounds ifit touches or crosses over aboundary line or touches aplayer who is out of bounds
Traveling
The ball-handler may notstep with both feet withoutdribbling
Double Dribbling
Dribble with both handsor hold the ball and resumedribbling
Carrying the Ball
Any part of the playershand cannot be directlyunder the ball whiledribbling
A team once having establishedball control in the front half of theircourt may not return the ball to thebackcourt and be the first to touchit
The ball may not be kicked norbe struck with the fist
A violation of these rules resultsin loss of possession or ifcommitted by the defense a resetof the shot clock (with someexceptions in the NBA)
Limits imposed on
Limits imposed
on
Limits imposed
on
No player may touch the ball onits downward trajectory to thebasket unless it is obvious that theball has no chance of entering thebasket (goaltending)
In addition no player maytouch the ball while it is on or inthe basket when any part of theball is in the spacious cylinderabove the basket (the areaextended upwards from thebasket) or when the ball is outsidethe cylinder if the player reachesthrough the basket and touches itThis violation is known as basketinterference
If a defensive player goaltendsor commits basket interference thebasket is awarded and theoffending team gets the ball If ateammate of the player shootinggoaltends or commits interferencethe basket is cancelled and playcontinues with the defensive teambeing given possession
HAND SIGNALS
FOULS
An attempt to unfairlydisadvantage an opponentthrough physical contact and itrsquosillegal
Players who are fouled eitherreceive the ball to pass inboundsagain or receive one or more freethrows if they are fouled in the act ofshooting depending on whether theshot was successful
One point is awarded for making afree throw which is attempted from aline 15 feet (46 m) from the basket
Technical Foul
A more serious foul that can becharged to a player or coach whoshows poor sportsmanship such asby arguing with a referee or byfighting with another player
The penalty involves free throws(where unlike a personal foul theother team can choose any player toshoot) and varies among leaguesRepeated incidents can resultin disqualification
Disqualifying Foul (FIBA)
A foul resulting in ejection Whilein leagues other than the NBA such afoul is referred to as flagrant
When a team shoots foul shotsthe opponents may not interferewith the shooter nor may they try toregain possession until the last orpotentially last free throw is in theair
After a team has committed aspecified number of fouls it is said tobe in the penalty On scoreboardsthis is usually signified with an indicatorlight reading Bonus or Penalty withan illuminated directional arrowindicating that team is to receive freethrows when fouled by the opposingteam (Some scoreboards also indicatethe number of fouls committed)
If A team misses the first shot ofa two-shot situation the opposingteam must wait for the completionof the second shot before attemptingto reclaim possession of the ball andcontinuing play
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
A limited number of time-outs clock stoppages requestedby a coach (or sometimesmandated in the NBA) for a shortmeeting with the players areallowed They generally last nolonger than one minute (100seconds in the NBA) unless fortelevised games a commercialbreak is needed
Uniformconsists
ofa pair of shorts
a jersey with a clearly visible
number unique within the team printed on both
the front and back
Players wear high-top sneakers that
provide extra ankle support
OFFICIALS
For college the NBA and manyhigh schools there are a total ofthree referees on the court
The table officials areresponsible for keeping track of eachteams scoring timekeepingindividual and team fouls playersubstitutions team possessionarrow and the shot clock
Equipments
The only essential equipmentin a basketball game is the ball andthe court a flat rectangular surfacewith baskets at opposite endsCompetitive levels require the use ofmore equipment such as clocks scoresheets scoreboard(s) alternatingpossession arrows and whistle-operated stop-clock systems
Court
Ball
Violations
Forfeits Possession
(The ball must stay withinthe court)-the last team totouch the ball before it travelsout of bounds
Out of Bounds
The ball is out of bounds ifit touches or crosses over aboundary line or touches aplayer who is out of bounds
Traveling
The ball-handler may notstep with both feet withoutdribbling
Double Dribbling
Dribble with both handsor hold the ball and resumedribbling
Carrying the Ball
Any part of the playershand cannot be directlyunder the ball whiledribbling
A team once having establishedball control in the front half of theircourt may not return the ball to thebackcourt and be the first to touchit
The ball may not be kicked norbe struck with the fist
A violation of these rules resultsin loss of possession or ifcommitted by the defense a resetof the shot clock (with someexceptions in the NBA)
Limits imposed on
Limits imposed
on
Limits imposed
on
No player may touch the ball onits downward trajectory to thebasket unless it is obvious that theball has no chance of entering thebasket (goaltending)
In addition no player maytouch the ball while it is on or inthe basket when any part of theball is in the spacious cylinderabove the basket (the areaextended upwards from thebasket) or when the ball is outsidethe cylinder if the player reachesthrough the basket and touches itThis violation is known as basketinterference
If a defensive player goaltendsor commits basket interference thebasket is awarded and theoffending team gets the ball If ateammate of the player shootinggoaltends or commits interferencethe basket is cancelled and playcontinues with the defensive teambeing given possession
HAND SIGNALS
FOULS
An attempt to unfairlydisadvantage an opponentthrough physical contact and itrsquosillegal
Players who are fouled eitherreceive the ball to pass inboundsagain or receive one or more freethrows if they are fouled in the act ofshooting depending on whether theshot was successful
One point is awarded for making afree throw which is attempted from aline 15 feet (46 m) from the basket
Technical Foul
A more serious foul that can becharged to a player or coach whoshows poor sportsmanship such asby arguing with a referee or byfighting with another player
The penalty involves free throws(where unlike a personal foul theother team can choose any player toshoot) and varies among leaguesRepeated incidents can resultin disqualification
Disqualifying Foul (FIBA)
A foul resulting in ejection Whilein leagues other than the NBA such afoul is referred to as flagrant
When a team shoots foul shotsthe opponents may not interferewith the shooter nor may they try toregain possession until the last orpotentially last free throw is in theair
After a team has committed aspecified number of fouls it is said tobe in the penalty On scoreboardsthis is usually signified with an indicatorlight reading Bonus or Penalty withan illuminated directional arrowindicating that team is to receive freethrows when fouled by the opposingteam (Some scoreboards also indicatethe number of fouls committed)
If A team misses the first shot ofa two-shot situation the opposingteam must wait for the completionof the second shot before attemptingto reclaim possession of the ball andcontinuing play
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
Uniformconsists
ofa pair of shorts
a jersey with a clearly visible
number unique within the team printed on both
the front and back
Players wear high-top sneakers that
provide extra ankle support
OFFICIALS
For college the NBA and manyhigh schools there are a total ofthree referees on the court
The table officials areresponsible for keeping track of eachteams scoring timekeepingindividual and team fouls playersubstitutions team possessionarrow and the shot clock
Equipments
The only essential equipmentin a basketball game is the ball andthe court a flat rectangular surfacewith baskets at opposite endsCompetitive levels require the use ofmore equipment such as clocks scoresheets scoreboard(s) alternatingpossession arrows and whistle-operated stop-clock systems
Court
Ball
Violations
Forfeits Possession
(The ball must stay withinthe court)-the last team totouch the ball before it travelsout of bounds
Out of Bounds
The ball is out of bounds ifit touches or crosses over aboundary line or touches aplayer who is out of bounds
Traveling
The ball-handler may notstep with both feet withoutdribbling
Double Dribbling
Dribble with both handsor hold the ball and resumedribbling
Carrying the Ball
Any part of the playershand cannot be directlyunder the ball whiledribbling
A team once having establishedball control in the front half of theircourt may not return the ball to thebackcourt and be the first to touchit
The ball may not be kicked norbe struck with the fist
A violation of these rules resultsin loss of possession or ifcommitted by the defense a resetof the shot clock (with someexceptions in the NBA)
Limits imposed on
Limits imposed
on
Limits imposed
on
No player may touch the ball onits downward trajectory to thebasket unless it is obvious that theball has no chance of entering thebasket (goaltending)
In addition no player maytouch the ball while it is on or inthe basket when any part of theball is in the spacious cylinderabove the basket (the areaextended upwards from thebasket) or when the ball is outsidethe cylinder if the player reachesthrough the basket and touches itThis violation is known as basketinterference
If a defensive player goaltendsor commits basket interference thebasket is awarded and theoffending team gets the ball If ateammate of the player shootinggoaltends or commits interferencethe basket is cancelled and playcontinues with the defensive teambeing given possession
HAND SIGNALS
FOULS
An attempt to unfairlydisadvantage an opponentthrough physical contact and itrsquosillegal
Players who are fouled eitherreceive the ball to pass inboundsagain or receive one or more freethrows if they are fouled in the act ofshooting depending on whether theshot was successful
One point is awarded for making afree throw which is attempted from aline 15 feet (46 m) from the basket
Technical Foul
A more serious foul that can becharged to a player or coach whoshows poor sportsmanship such asby arguing with a referee or byfighting with another player
The penalty involves free throws(where unlike a personal foul theother team can choose any player toshoot) and varies among leaguesRepeated incidents can resultin disqualification
Disqualifying Foul (FIBA)
A foul resulting in ejection Whilein leagues other than the NBA such afoul is referred to as flagrant
When a team shoots foul shotsthe opponents may not interferewith the shooter nor may they try toregain possession until the last orpotentially last free throw is in theair
After a team has committed aspecified number of fouls it is said tobe in the penalty On scoreboardsthis is usually signified with an indicatorlight reading Bonus or Penalty withan illuminated directional arrowindicating that team is to receive freethrows when fouled by the opposingteam (Some scoreboards also indicatethe number of fouls committed)
If A team misses the first shot ofa two-shot situation the opposingteam must wait for the completionof the second shot before attemptingto reclaim possession of the ball andcontinuing play
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
Players wear high-top sneakers that
provide extra ankle support
OFFICIALS
For college the NBA and manyhigh schools there are a total ofthree referees on the court
The table officials areresponsible for keeping track of eachteams scoring timekeepingindividual and team fouls playersubstitutions team possessionarrow and the shot clock
Equipments
The only essential equipmentin a basketball game is the ball andthe court a flat rectangular surfacewith baskets at opposite endsCompetitive levels require the use ofmore equipment such as clocks scoresheets scoreboard(s) alternatingpossession arrows and whistle-operated stop-clock systems
Court
Ball
Violations
Forfeits Possession
(The ball must stay withinthe court)-the last team totouch the ball before it travelsout of bounds
Out of Bounds
The ball is out of bounds ifit touches or crosses over aboundary line or touches aplayer who is out of bounds
Traveling
The ball-handler may notstep with both feet withoutdribbling
Double Dribbling
Dribble with both handsor hold the ball and resumedribbling
Carrying the Ball
Any part of the playershand cannot be directlyunder the ball whiledribbling
A team once having establishedball control in the front half of theircourt may not return the ball to thebackcourt and be the first to touchit
The ball may not be kicked norbe struck with the fist
A violation of these rules resultsin loss of possession or ifcommitted by the defense a resetof the shot clock (with someexceptions in the NBA)
Limits imposed on
Limits imposed
on
Limits imposed
on
No player may touch the ball onits downward trajectory to thebasket unless it is obvious that theball has no chance of entering thebasket (goaltending)
In addition no player maytouch the ball while it is on or inthe basket when any part of theball is in the spacious cylinderabove the basket (the areaextended upwards from thebasket) or when the ball is outsidethe cylinder if the player reachesthrough the basket and touches itThis violation is known as basketinterference
If a defensive player goaltendsor commits basket interference thebasket is awarded and theoffending team gets the ball If ateammate of the player shootinggoaltends or commits interferencethe basket is cancelled and playcontinues with the defensive teambeing given possession
HAND SIGNALS
FOULS
An attempt to unfairlydisadvantage an opponentthrough physical contact and itrsquosillegal
Players who are fouled eitherreceive the ball to pass inboundsagain or receive one or more freethrows if they are fouled in the act ofshooting depending on whether theshot was successful
One point is awarded for making afree throw which is attempted from aline 15 feet (46 m) from the basket
Technical Foul
A more serious foul that can becharged to a player or coach whoshows poor sportsmanship such asby arguing with a referee or byfighting with another player
The penalty involves free throws(where unlike a personal foul theother team can choose any player toshoot) and varies among leaguesRepeated incidents can resultin disqualification
Disqualifying Foul (FIBA)
A foul resulting in ejection Whilein leagues other than the NBA such afoul is referred to as flagrant
When a team shoots foul shotsthe opponents may not interferewith the shooter nor may they try toregain possession until the last orpotentially last free throw is in theair
After a team has committed aspecified number of fouls it is said tobe in the penalty On scoreboardsthis is usually signified with an indicatorlight reading Bonus or Penalty withan illuminated directional arrowindicating that team is to receive freethrows when fouled by the opposingteam (Some scoreboards also indicatethe number of fouls committed)
If A team misses the first shot ofa two-shot situation the opposingteam must wait for the completionof the second shot before attemptingto reclaim possession of the ball andcontinuing play
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
OFFICIALS
For college the NBA and manyhigh schools there are a total ofthree referees on the court
The table officials areresponsible for keeping track of eachteams scoring timekeepingindividual and team fouls playersubstitutions team possessionarrow and the shot clock
Equipments
The only essential equipmentin a basketball game is the ball andthe court a flat rectangular surfacewith baskets at opposite endsCompetitive levels require the use ofmore equipment such as clocks scoresheets scoreboard(s) alternatingpossession arrows and whistle-operated stop-clock systems
Court
Ball
Violations
Forfeits Possession
(The ball must stay withinthe court)-the last team totouch the ball before it travelsout of bounds
Out of Bounds
The ball is out of bounds ifit touches or crosses over aboundary line or touches aplayer who is out of bounds
Traveling
The ball-handler may notstep with both feet withoutdribbling
Double Dribbling
Dribble with both handsor hold the ball and resumedribbling
Carrying the Ball
Any part of the playershand cannot be directlyunder the ball whiledribbling
A team once having establishedball control in the front half of theircourt may not return the ball to thebackcourt and be the first to touchit
The ball may not be kicked norbe struck with the fist
A violation of these rules resultsin loss of possession or ifcommitted by the defense a resetof the shot clock (with someexceptions in the NBA)
Limits imposed on
Limits imposed
on
Limits imposed
on
No player may touch the ball onits downward trajectory to thebasket unless it is obvious that theball has no chance of entering thebasket (goaltending)
In addition no player maytouch the ball while it is on or inthe basket when any part of theball is in the spacious cylinderabove the basket (the areaextended upwards from thebasket) or when the ball is outsidethe cylinder if the player reachesthrough the basket and touches itThis violation is known as basketinterference
If a defensive player goaltendsor commits basket interference thebasket is awarded and theoffending team gets the ball If ateammate of the player shootinggoaltends or commits interferencethe basket is cancelled and playcontinues with the defensive teambeing given possession
HAND SIGNALS
FOULS
An attempt to unfairlydisadvantage an opponentthrough physical contact and itrsquosillegal
Players who are fouled eitherreceive the ball to pass inboundsagain or receive one or more freethrows if they are fouled in the act ofshooting depending on whether theshot was successful
One point is awarded for making afree throw which is attempted from aline 15 feet (46 m) from the basket
Technical Foul
A more serious foul that can becharged to a player or coach whoshows poor sportsmanship such asby arguing with a referee or byfighting with another player
The penalty involves free throws(where unlike a personal foul theother team can choose any player toshoot) and varies among leaguesRepeated incidents can resultin disqualification
Disqualifying Foul (FIBA)
A foul resulting in ejection Whilein leagues other than the NBA such afoul is referred to as flagrant
When a team shoots foul shotsthe opponents may not interferewith the shooter nor may they try toregain possession until the last orpotentially last free throw is in theair
After a team has committed aspecified number of fouls it is said tobe in the penalty On scoreboardsthis is usually signified with an indicatorlight reading Bonus or Penalty withan illuminated directional arrowindicating that team is to receive freethrows when fouled by the opposingteam (Some scoreboards also indicatethe number of fouls committed)
If A team misses the first shot ofa two-shot situation the opposingteam must wait for the completionof the second shot before attemptingto reclaim possession of the ball andcontinuing play
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
For college the NBA and manyhigh schools there are a total ofthree referees on the court
The table officials areresponsible for keeping track of eachteams scoring timekeepingindividual and team fouls playersubstitutions team possessionarrow and the shot clock
Equipments
The only essential equipmentin a basketball game is the ball andthe court a flat rectangular surfacewith baskets at opposite endsCompetitive levels require the use ofmore equipment such as clocks scoresheets scoreboard(s) alternatingpossession arrows and whistle-operated stop-clock systems
Court
Ball
Violations
Forfeits Possession
(The ball must stay withinthe court)-the last team totouch the ball before it travelsout of bounds
Out of Bounds
The ball is out of bounds ifit touches or crosses over aboundary line or touches aplayer who is out of bounds
Traveling
The ball-handler may notstep with both feet withoutdribbling
Double Dribbling
Dribble with both handsor hold the ball and resumedribbling
Carrying the Ball
Any part of the playershand cannot be directlyunder the ball whiledribbling
A team once having establishedball control in the front half of theircourt may not return the ball to thebackcourt and be the first to touchit
The ball may not be kicked norbe struck with the fist
A violation of these rules resultsin loss of possession or ifcommitted by the defense a resetof the shot clock (with someexceptions in the NBA)
Limits imposed on
Limits imposed
on
Limits imposed
on
No player may touch the ball onits downward trajectory to thebasket unless it is obvious that theball has no chance of entering thebasket (goaltending)
In addition no player maytouch the ball while it is on or inthe basket when any part of theball is in the spacious cylinderabove the basket (the areaextended upwards from thebasket) or when the ball is outsidethe cylinder if the player reachesthrough the basket and touches itThis violation is known as basketinterference
If a defensive player goaltendsor commits basket interference thebasket is awarded and theoffending team gets the ball If ateammate of the player shootinggoaltends or commits interferencethe basket is cancelled and playcontinues with the defensive teambeing given possession
HAND SIGNALS
FOULS
An attempt to unfairlydisadvantage an opponentthrough physical contact and itrsquosillegal
Players who are fouled eitherreceive the ball to pass inboundsagain or receive one or more freethrows if they are fouled in the act ofshooting depending on whether theshot was successful
One point is awarded for making afree throw which is attempted from aline 15 feet (46 m) from the basket
Technical Foul
A more serious foul that can becharged to a player or coach whoshows poor sportsmanship such asby arguing with a referee or byfighting with another player
The penalty involves free throws(where unlike a personal foul theother team can choose any player toshoot) and varies among leaguesRepeated incidents can resultin disqualification
Disqualifying Foul (FIBA)
A foul resulting in ejection Whilein leagues other than the NBA such afoul is referred to as flagrant
When a team shoots foul shotsthe opponents may not interferewith the shooter nor may they try toregain possession until the last orpotentially last free throw is in theair
After a team has committed aspecified number of fouls it is said tobe in the penalty On scoreboardsthis is usually signified with an indicatorlight reading Bonus or Penalty withan illuminated directional arrowindicating that team is to receive freethrows when fouled by the opposingteam (Some scoreboards also indicatethe number of fouls committed)
If A team misses the first shot ofa two-shot situation the opposingteam must wait for the completionof the second shot before attemptingto reclaim possession of the ball andcontinuing play
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
Equipments
The only essential equipmentin a basketball game is the ball andthe court a flat rectangular surfacewith baskets at opposite endsCompetitive levels require the use ofmore equipment such as clocks scoresheets scoreboard(s) alternatingpossession arrows and whistle-operated stop-clock systems
Court
Ball
Violations
Forfeits Possession
(The ball must stay withinthe court)-the last team totouch the ball before it travelsout of bounds
Out of Bounds
The ball is out of bounds ifit touches or crosses over aboundary line or touches aplayer who is out of bounds
Traveling
The ball-handler may notstep with both feet withoutdribbling
Double Dribbling
Dribble with both handsor hold the ball and resumedribbling
Carrying the Ball
Any part of the playershand cannot be directlyunder the ball whiledribbling
A team once having establishedball control in the front half of theircourt may not return the ball to thebackcourt and be the first to touchit
The ball may not be kicked norbe struck with the fist
A violation of these rules resultsin loss of possession or ifcommitted by the defense a resetof the shot clock (with someexceptions in the NBA)
Limits imposed on
Limits imposed
on
Limits imposed
on
No player may touch the ball onits downward trajectory to thebasket unless it is obvious that theball has no chance of entering thebasket (goaltending)
In addition no player maytouch the ball while it is on or inthe basket when any part of theball is in the spacious cylinderabove the basket (the areaextended upwards from thebasket) or when the ball is outsidethe cylinder if the player reachesthrough the basket and touches itThis violation is known as basketinterference
If a defensive player goaltendsor commits basket interference thebasket is awarded and theoffending team gets the ball If ateammate of the player shootinggoaltends or commits interferencethe basket is cancelled and playcontinues with the defensive teambeing given possession
HAND SIGNALS
FOULS
An attempt to unfairlydisadvantage an opponentthrough physical contact and itrsquosillegal
Players who are fouled eitherreceive the ball to pass inboundsagain or receive one or more freethrows if they are fouled in the act ofshooting depending on whether theshot was successful
One point is awarded for making afree throw which is attempted from aline 15 feet (46 m) from the basket
Technical Foul
A more serious foul that can becharged to a player or coach whoshows poor sportsmanship such asby arguing with a referee or byfighting with another player
The penalty involves free throws(where unlike a personal foul theother team can choose any player toshoot) and varies among leaguesRepeated incidents can resultin disqualification
Disqualifying Foul (FIBA)
A foul resulting in ejection Whilein leagues other than the NBA such afoul is referred to as flagrant
When a team shoots foul shotsthe opponents may not interferewith the shooter nor may they try toregain possession until the last orpotentially last free throw is in theair
After a team has committed aspecified number of fouls it is said tobe in the penalty On scoreboardsthis is usually signified with an indicatorlight reading Bonus or Penalty withan illuminated directional arrowindicating that team is to receive freethrows when fouled by the opposingteam (Some scoreboards also indicatethe number of fouls committed)
If A team misses the first shot ofa two-shot situation the opposingteam must wait for the completionof the second shot before attemptingto reclaim possession of the ball andcontinuing play
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
The only essential equipmentin a basketball game is the ball andthe court a flat rectangular surfacewith baskets at opposite endsCompetitive levels require the use ofmore equipment such as clocks scoresheets scoreboard(s) alternatingpossession arrows and whistle-operated stop-clock systems
Court
Ball
Violations
Forfeits Possession
(The ball must stay withinthe court)-the last team totouch the ball before it travelsout of bounds
Out of Bounds
The ball is out of bounds ifit touches or crosses over aboundary line or touches aplayer who is out of bounds
Traveling
The ball-handler may notstep with both feet withoutdribbling
Double Dribbling
Dribble with both handsor hold the ball and resumedribbling
Carrying the Ball
Any part of the playershand cannot be directlyunder the ball whiledribbling
A team once having establishedball control in the front half of theircourt may not return the ball to thebackcourt and be the first to touchit
The ball may not be kicked norbe struck with the fist
A violation of these rules resultsin loss of possession or ifcommitted by the defense a resetof the shot clock (with someexceptions in the NBA)
Limits imposed on
Limits imposed
on
Limits imposed
on
No player may touch the ball onits downward trajectory to thebasket unless it is obvious that theball has no chance of entering thebasket (goaltending)
In addition no player maytouch the ball while it is on or inthe basket when any part of theball is in the spacious cylinderabove the basket (the areaextended upwards from thebasket) or when the ball is outsidethe cylinder if the player reachesthrough the basket and touches itThis violation is known as basketinterference
If a defensive player goaltendsor commits basket interference thebasket is awarded and theoffending team gets the ball If ateammate of the player shootinggoaltends or commits interferencethe basket is cancelled and playcontinues with the defensive teambeing given possession
HAND SIGNALS
FOULS
An attempt to unfairlydisadvantage an opponentthrough physical contact and itrsquosillegal
Players who are fouled eitherreceive the ball to pass inboundsagain or receive one or more freethrows if they are fouled in the act ofshooting depending on whether theshot was successful
One point is awarded for making afree throw which is attempted from aline 15 feet (46 m) from the basket
Technical Foul
A more serious foul that can becharged to a player or coach whoshows poor sportsmanship such asby arguing with a referee or byfighting with another player
The penalty involves free throws(where unlike a personal foul theother team can choose any player toshoot) and varies among leaguesRepeated incidents can resultin disqualification
Disqualifying Foul (FIBA)
A foul resulting in ejection Whilein leagues other than the NBA such afoul is referred to as flagrant
When a team shoots foul shotsthe opponents may not interferewith the shooter nor may they try toregain possession until the last orpotentially last free throw is in theair
After a team has committed aspecified number of fouls it is said tobe in the penalty On scoreboardsthis is usually signified with an indicatorlight reading Bonus or Penalty withan illuminated directional arrowindicating that team is to receive freethrows when fouled by the opposingteam (Some scoreboards also indicatethe number of fouls committed)
If A team misses the first shot ofa two-shot situation the opposingteam must wait for the completionof the second shot before attemptingto reclaim possession of the ball andcontinuing play
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
Court
Ball
Violations
Forfeits Possession
(The ball must stay withinthe court)-the last team totouch the ball before it travelsout of bounds
Out of Bounds
The ball is out of bounds ifit touches or crosses over aboundary line or touches aplayer who is out of bounds
Traveling
The ball-handler may notstep with both feet withoutdribbling
Double Dribbling
Dribble with both handsor hold the ball and resumedribbling
Carrying the Ball
Any part of the playershand cannot be directlyunder the ball whiledribbling
A team once having establishedball control in the front half of theircourt may not return the ball to thebackcourt and be the first to touchit
The ball may not be kicked norbe struck with the fist
A violation of these rules resultsin loss of possession or ifcommitted by the defense a resetof the shot clock (with someexceptions in the NBA)
Limits imposed on
Limits imposed
on
Limits imposed
on
No player may touch the ball onits downward trajectory to thebasket unless it is obvious that theball has no chance of entering thebasket (goaltending)
In addition no player maytouch the ball while it is on or inthe basket when any part of theball is in the spacious cylinderabove the basket (the areaextended upwards from thebasket) or when the ball is outsidethe cylinder if the player reachesthrough the basket and touches itThis violation is known as basketinterference
If a defensive player goaltendsor commits basket interference thebasket is awarded and theoffending team gets the ball If ateammate of the player shootinggoaltends or commits interferencethe basket is cancelled and playcontinues with the defensive teambeing given possession
HAND SIGNALS
FOULS
An attempt to unfairlydisadvantage an opponentthrough physical contact and itrsquosillegal
Players who are fouled eitherreceive the ball to pass inboundsagain or receive one or more freethrows if they are fouled in the act ofshooting depending on whether theshot was successful
One point is awarded for making afree throw which is attempted from aline 15 feet (46 m) from the basket
Technical Foul
A more serious foul that can becharged to a player or coach whoshows poor sportsmanship such asby arguing with a referee or byfighting with another player
The penalty involves free throws(where unlike a personal foul theother team can choose any player toshoot) and varies among leaguesRepeated incidents can resultin disqualification
Disqualifying Foul (FIBA)
A foul resulting in ejection Whilein leagues other than the NBA such afoul is referred to as flagrant
When a team shoots foul shotsthe opponents may not interferewith the shooter nor may they try toregain possession until the last orpotentially last free throw is in theair
After a team has committed aspecified number of fouls it is said tobe in the penalty On scoreboardsthis is usually signified with an indicatorlight reading Bonus or Penalty withan illuminated directional arrowindicating that team is to receive freethrows when fouled by the opposingteam (Some scoreboards also indicatethe number of fouls committed)
If A team misses the first shot ofa two-shot situation the opposingteam must wait for the completionof the second shot before attemptingto reclaim possession of the ball andcontinuing play
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
Ball
Violations
Forfeits Possession
(The ball must stay withinthe court)-the last team totouch the ball before it travelsout of bounds
Out of Bounds
The ball is out of bounds ifit touches or crosses over aboundary line or touches aplayer who is out of bounds
Traveling
The ball-handler may notstep with both feet withoutdribbling
Double Dribbling
Dribble with both handsor hold the ball and resumedribbling
Carrying the Ball
Any part of the playershand cannot be directlyunder the ball whiledribbling
A team once having establishedball control in the front half of theircourt may not return the ball to thebackcourt and be the first to touchit
The ball may not be kicked norbe struck with the fist
A violation of these rules resultsin loss of possession or ifcommitted by the defense a resetof the shot clock (with someexceptions in the NBA)
Limits imposed on
Limits imposed
on
Limits imposed
on
No player may touch the ball onits downward trajectory to thebasket unless it is obvious that theball has no chance of entering thebasket (goaltending)
In addition no player maytouch the ball while it is on or inthe basket when any part of theball is in the spacious cylinderabove the basket (the areaextended upwards from thebasket) or when the ball is outsidethe cylinder if the player reachesthrough the basket and touches itThis violation is known as basketinterference
If a defensive player goaltendsor commits basket interference thebasket is awarded and theoffending team gets the ball If ateammate of the player shootinggoaltends or commits interferencethe basket is cancelled and playcontinues with the defensive teambeing given possession
HAND SIGNALS
FOULS
An attempt to unfairlydisadvantage an opponentthrough physical contact and itrsquosillegal
Players who are fouled eitherreceive the ball to pass inboundsagain or receive one or more freethrows if they are fouled in the act ofshooting depending on whether theshot was successful
One point is awarded for making afree throw which is attempted from aline 15 feet (46 m) from the basket
Technical Foul
A more serious foul that can becharged to a player or coach whoshows poor sportsmanship such asby arguing with a referee or byfighting with another player
The penalty involves free throws(where unlike a personal foul theother team can choose any player toshoot) and varies among leaguesRepeated incidents can resultin disqualification
Disqualifying Foul (FIBA)
A foul resulting in ejection Whilein leagues other than the NBA such afoul is referred to as flagrant
When a team shoots foul shotsthe opponents may not interferewith the shooter nor may they try toregain possession until the last orpotentially last free throw is in theair
After a team has committed aspecified number of fouls it is said tobe in the penalty On scoreboardsthis is usually signified with an indicatorlight reading Bonus or Penalty withan illuminated directional arrowindicating that team is to receive freethrows when fouled by the opposingteam (Some scoreboards also indicatethe number of fouls committed)
If A team misses the first shot ofa two-shot situation the opposingteam must wait for the completionof the second shot before attemptingto reclaim possession of the ball andcontinuing play
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
Violations
Forfeits Possession
(The ball must stay withinthe court)-the last team totouch the ball before it travelsout of bounds
Out of Bounds
The ball is out of bounds ifit touches or crosses over aboundary line or touches aplayer who is out of bounds
Traveling
The ball-handler may notstep with both feet withoutdribbling
Double Dribbling
Dribble with both handsor hold the ball and resumedribbling
Carrying the Ball
Any part of the playershand cannot be directlyunder the ball whiledribbling
A team once having establishedball control in the front half of theircourt may not return the ball to thebackcourt and be the first to touchit
The ball may not be kicked norbe struck with the fist
A violation of these rules resultsin loss of possession or ifcommitted by the defense a resetof the shot clock (with someexceptions in the NBA)
Limits imposed on
Limits imposed
on
Limits imposed
on
No player may touch the ball onits downward trajectory to thebasket unless it is obvious that theball has no chance of entering thebasket (goaltending)
In addition no player maytouch the ball while it is on or inthe basket when any part of theball is in the spacious cylinderabove the basket (the areaextended upwards from thebasket) or when the ball is outsidethe cylinder if the player reachesthrough the basket and touches itThis violation is known as basketinterference
If a defensive player goaltendsor commits basket interference thebasket is awarded and theoffending team gets the ball If ateammate of the player shootinggoaltends or commits interferencethe basket is cancelled and playcontinues with the defensive teambeing given possession
HAND SIGNALS
FOULS
An attempt to unfairlydisadvantage an opponentthrough physical contact and itrsquosillegal
Players who are fouled eitherreceive the ball to pass inboundsagain or receive one or more freethrows if they are fouled in the act ofshooting depending on whether theshot was successful
One point is awarded for making afree throw which is attempted from aline 15 feet (46 m) from the basket
Technical Foul
A more serious foul that can becharged to a player or coach whoshows poor sportsmanship such asby arguing with a referee or byfighting with another player
The penalty involves free throws(where unlike a personal foul theother team can choose any player toshoot) and varies among leaguesRepeated incidents can resultin disqualification
Disqualifying Foul (FIBA)
A foul resulting in ejection Whilein leagues other than the NBA such afoul is referred to as flagrant
When a team shoots foul shotsthe opponents may not interferewith the shooter nor may they try toregain possession until the last orpotentially last free throw is in theair
After a team has committed aspecified number of fouls it is said tobe in the penalty On scoreboardsthis is usually signified with an indicatorlight reading Bonus or Penalty withan illuminated directional arrowindicating that team is to receive freethrows when fouled by the opposingteam (Some scoreboards also indicatethe number of fouls committed)
If A team misses the first shot ofa two-shot situation the opposingteam must wait for the completionof the second shot before attemptingto reclaim possession of the ball andcontinuing play
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
Out of Bounds
The ball is out of bounds ifit touches or crosses over aboundary line or touches aplayer who is out of bounds
Traveling
The ball-handler may notstep with both feet withoutdribbling
Double Dribbling
Dribble with both handsor hold the ball and resumedribbling
Carrying the Ball
Any part of the playershand cannot be directlyunder the ball whiledribbling
A team once having establishedball control in the front half of theircourt may not return the ball to thebackcourt and be the first to touchit
The ball may not be kicked norbe struck with the fist
A violation of these rules resultsin loss of possession or ifcommitted by the defense a resetof the shot clock (with someexceptions in the NBA)
Limits imposed on
Limits imposed
on
Limits imposed
on
No player may touch the ball onits downward trajectory to thebasket unless it is obvious that theball has no chance of entering thebasket (goaltending)
In addition no player maytouch the ball while it is on or inthe basket when any part of theball is in the spacious cylinderabove the basket (the areaextended upwards from thebasket) or when the ball is outsidethe cylinder if the player reachesthrough the basket and touches itThis violation is known as basketinterference
If a defensive player goaltendsor commits basket interference thebasket is awarded and theoffending team gets the ball If ateammate of the player shootinggoaltends or commits interferencethe basket is cancelled and playcontinues with the defensive teambeing given possession
HAND SIGNALS
FOULS
An attempt to unfairlydisadvantage an opponentthrough physical contact and itrsquosillegal
Players who are fouled eitherreceive the ball to pass inboundsagain or receive one or more freethrows if they are fouled in the act ofshooting depending on whether theshot was successful
One point is awarded for making afree throw which is attempted from aline 15 feet (46 m) from the basket
Technical Foul
A more serious foul that can becharged to a player or coach whoshows poor sportsmanship such asby arguing with a referee or byfighting with another player
The penalty involves free throws(where unlike a personal foul theother team can choose any player toshoot) and varies among leaguesRepeated incidents can resultin disqualification
Disqualifying Foul (FIBA)
A foul resulting in ejection Whilein leagues other than the NBA such afoul is referred to as flagrant
When a team shoots foul shotsthe opponents may not interferewith the shooter nor may they try toregain possession until the last orpotentially last free throw is in theair
After a team has committed aspecified number of fouls it is said tobe in the penalty On scoreboardsthis is usually signified with an indicatorlight reading Bonus or Penalty withan illuminated directional arrowindicating that team is to receive freethrows when fouled by the opposingteam (Some scoreboards also indicatethe number of fouls committed)
If A team misses the first shot ofa two-shot situation the opposingteam must wait for the completionof the second shot before attemptingto reclaim possession of the ball andcontinuing play
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
Traveling
The ball-handler may notstep with both feet withoutdribbling
Double Dribbling
Dribble with both handsor hold the ball and resumedribbling
Carrying the Ball
Any part of the playershand cannot be directlyunder the ball whiledribbling
A team once having establishedball control in the front half of theircourt may not return the ball to thebackcourt and be the first to touchit
The ball may not be kicked norbe struck with the fist
A violation of these rules resultsin loss of possession or ifcommitted by the defense a resetof the shot clock (with someexceptions in the NBA)
Limits imposed on
Limits imposed
on
Limits imposed
on
No player may touch the ball onits downward trajectory to thebasket unless it is obvious that theball has no chance of entering thebasket (goaltending)
In addition no player maytouch the ball while it is on or inthe basket when any part of theball is in the spacious cylinderabove the basket (the areaextended upwards from thebasket) or when the ball is outsidethe cylinder if the player reachesthrough the basket and touches itThis violation is known as basketinterference
If a defensive player goaltendsor commits basket interference thebasket is awarded and theoffending team gets the ball If ateammate of the player shootinggoaltends or commits interferencethe basket is cancelled and playcontinues with the defensive teambeing given possession
HAND SIGNALS
FOULS
An attempt to unfairlydisadvantage an opponentthrough physical contact and itrsquosillegal
Players who are fouled eitherreceive the ball to pass inboundsagain or receive one or more freethrows if they are fouled in the act ofshooting depending on whether theshot was successful
One point is awarded for making afree throw which is attempted from aline 15 feet (46 m) from the basket
Technical Foul
A more serious foul that can becharged to a player or coach whoshows poor sportsmanship such asby arguing with a referee or byfighting with another player
The penalty involves free throws(where unlike a personal foul theother team can choose any player toshoot) and varies among leaguesRepeated incidents can resultin disqualification
Disqualifying Foul (FIBA)
A foul resulting in ejection Whilein leagues other than the NBA such afoul is referred to as flagrant
When a team shoots foul shotsthe opponents may not interferewith the shooter nor may they try toregain possession until the last orpotentially last free throw is in theair
After a team has committed aspecified number of fouls it is said tobe in the penalty On scoreboardsthis is usually signified with an indicatorlight reading Bonus or Penalty withan illuminated directional arrowindicating that team is to receive freethrows when fouled by the opposingteam (Some scoreboards also indicatethe number of fouls committed)
If A team misses the first shot ofa two-shot situation the opposingteam must wait for the completionof the second shot before attemptingto reclaim possession of the ball andcontinuing play
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
Carrying the Ball
Any part of the playershand cannot be directlyunder the ball whiledribbling
A team once having establishedball control in the front half of theircourt may not return the ball to thebackcourt and be the first to touchit
The ball may not be kicked norbe struck with the fist
A violation of these rules resultsin loss of possession or ifcommitted by the defense a resetof the shot clock (with someexceptions in the NBA)
Limits imposed on
Limits imposed
on
Limits imposed
on
No player may touch the ball onits downward trajectory to thebasket unless it is obvious that theball has no chance of entering thebasket (goaltending)
In addition no player maytouch the ball while it is on or inthe basket when any part of theball is in the spacious cylinderabove the basket (the areaextended upwards from thebasket) or when the ball is outsidethe cylinder if the player reachesthrough the basket and touches itThis violation is known as basketinterference
If a defensive player goaltendsor commits basket interference thebasket is awarded and theoffending team gets the ball If ateammate of the player shootinggoaltends or commits interferencethe basket is cancelled and playcontinues with the defensive teambeing given possession
HAND SIGNALS
FOULS
An attempt to unfairlydisadvantage an opponentthrough physical contact and itrsquosillegal
Players who are fouled eitherreceive the ball to pass inboundsagain or receive one or more freethrows if they are fouled in the act ofshooting depending on whether theshot was successful
One point is awarded for making afree throw which is attempted from aline 15 feet (46 m) from the basket
Technical Foul
A more serious foul that can becharged to a player or coach whoshows poor sportsmanship such asby arguing with a referee or byfighting with another player
The penalty involves free throws(where unlike a personal foul theother team can choose any player toshoot) and varies among leaguesRepeated incidents can resultin disqualification
Disqualifying Foul (FIBA)
A foul resulting in ejection Whilein leagues other than the NBA such afoul is referred to as flagrant
When a team shoots foul shotsthe opponents may not interferewith the shooter nor may they try toregain possession until the last orpotentially last free throw is in theair
After a team has committed aspecified number of fouls it is said tobe in the penalty On scoreboardsthis is usually signified with an indicatorlight reading Bonus or Penalty withan illuminated directional arrowindicating that team is to receive freethrows when fouled by the opposingteam (Some scoreboards also indicatethe number of fouls committed)
If A team misses the first shot ofa two-shot situation the opposingteam must wait for the completionof the second shot before attemptingto reclaim possession of the ball andcontinuing play
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
A team once having establishedball control in the front half of theircourt may not return the ball to thebackcourt and be the first to touchit
The ball may not be kicked norbe struck with the fist
A violation of these rules resultsin loss of possession or ifcommitted by the defense a resetof the shot clock (with someexceptions in the NBA)
Limits imposed on
Limits imposed
on
Limits imposed
on
No player may touch the ball onits downward trajectory to thebasket unless it is obvious that theball has no chance of entering thebasket (goaltending)
In addition no player maytouch the ball while it is on or inthe basket when any part of theball is in the spacious cylinderabove the basket (the areaextended upwards from thebasket) or when the ball is outsidethe cylinder if the player reachesthrough the basket and touches itThis violation is known as basketinterference
If a defensive player goaltendsor commits basket interference thebasket is awarded and theoffending team gets the ball If ateammate of the player shootinggoaltends or commits interferencethe basket is cancelled and playcontinues with the defensive teambeing given possession
HAND SIGNALS
FOULS
An attempt to unfairlydisadvantage an opponentthrough physical contact and itrsquosillegal
Players who are fouled eitherreceive the ball to pass inboundsagain or receive one or more freethrows if they are fouled in the act ofshooting depending on whether theshot was successful
One point is awarded for making afree throw which is attempted from aline 15 feet (46 m) from the basket
Technical Foul
A more serious foul that can becharged to a player or coach whoshows poor sportsmanship such asby arguing with a referee or byfighting with another player
The penalty involves free throws(where unlike a personal foul theother team can choose any player toshoot) and varies among leaguesRepeated incidents can resultin disqualification
Disqualifying Foul (FIBA)
A foul resulting in ejection Whilein leagues other than the NBA such afoul is referred to as flagrant
When a team shoots foul shotsthe opponents may not interferewith the shooter nor may they try toregain possession until the last orpotentially last free throw is in theair
After a team has committed aspecified number of fouls it is said tobe in the penalty On scoreboardsthis is usually signified with an indicatorlight reading Bonus or Penalty withan illuminated directional arrowindicating that team is to receive freethrows when fouled by the opposingteam (Some scoreboards also indicatethe number of fouls committed)
If A team misses the first shot ofa two-shot situation the opposingteam must wait for the completionof the second shot before attemptingto reclaim possession of the ball andcontinuing play
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
The ball may not be kicked norbe struck with the fist
A violation of these rules resultsin loss of possession or ifcommitted by the defense a resetof the shot clock (with someexceptions in the NBA)
Limits imposed on
Limits imposed
on
Limits imposed
on
No player may touch the ball onits downward trajectory to thebasket unless it is obvious that theball has no chance of entering thebasket (goaltending)
In addition no player maytouch the ball while it is on or inthe basket when any part of theball is in the spacious cylinderabove the basket (the areaextended upwards from thebasket) or when the ball is outsidethe cylinder if the player reachesthrough the basket and touches itThis violation is known as basketinterference
If a defensive player goaltendsor commits basket interference thebasket is awarded and theoffending team gets the ball If ateammate of the player shootinggoaltends or commits interferencethe basket is cancelled and playcontinues with the defensive teambeing given possession
HAND SIGNALS
FOULS
An attempt to unfairlydisadvantage an opponentthrough physical contact and itrsquosillegal
Players who are fouled eitherreceive the ball to pass inboundsagain or receive one or more freethrows if they are fouled in the act ofshooting depending on whether theshot was successful
One point is awarded for making afree throw which is attempted from aline 15 feet (46 m) from the basket
Technical Foul
A more serious foul that can becharged to a player or coach whoshows poor sportsmanship such asby arguing with a referee or byfighting with another player
The penalty involves free throws(where unlike a personal foul theother team can choose any player toshoot) and varies among leaguesRepeated incidents can resultin disqualification
Disqualifying Foul (FIBA)
A foul resulting in ejection Whilein leagues other than the NBA such afoul is referred to as flagrant
When a team shoots foul shotsthe opponents may not interferewith the shooter nor may they try toregain possession until the last orpotentially last free throw is in theair
After a team has committed aspecified number of fouls it is said tobe in the penalty On scoreboardsthis is usually signified with an indicatorlight reading Bonus or Penalty withan illuminated directional arrowindicating that team is to receive freethrows when fouled by the opposingteam (Some scoreboards also indicatethe number of fouls committed)
If A team misses the first shot ofa two-shot situation the opposingteam must wait for the completionof the second shot before attemptingto reclaim possession of the ball andcontinuing play
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
Limits imposed on
Limits imposed
on
Limits imposed
on
No player may touch the ball onits downward trajectory to thebasket unless it is obvious that theball has no chance of entering thebasket (goaltending)
In addition no player maytouch the ball while it is on or inthe basket when any part of theball is in the spacious cylinderabove the basket (the areaextended upwards from thebasket) or when the ball is outsidethe cylinder if the player reachesthrough the basket and touches itThis violation is known as basketinterference
If a defensive player goaltendsor commits basket interference thebasket is awarded and theoffending team gets the ball If ateammate of the player shootinggoaltends or commits interferencethe basket is cancelled and playcontinues with the defensive teambeing given possession
HAND SIGNALS
FOULS
An attempt to unfairlydisadvantage an opponentthrough physical contact and itrsquosillegal
Players who are fouled eitherreceive the ball to pass inboundsagain or receive one or more freethrows if they are fouled in the act ofshooting depending on whether theshot was successful
One point is awarded for making afree throw which is attempted from aline 15 feet (46 m) from the basket
Technical Foul
A more serious foul that can becharged to a player or coach whoshows poor sportsmanship such asby arguing with a referee or byfighting with another player
The penalty involves free throws(where unlike a personal foul theother team can choose any player toshoot) and varies among leaguesRepeated incidents can resultin disqualification
Disqualifying Foul (FIBA)
A foul resulting in ejection Whilein leagues other than the NBA such afoul is referred to as flagrant
When a team shoots foul shotsthe opponents may not interferewith the shooter nor may they try toregain possession until the last orpotentially last free throw is in theair
After a team has committed aspecified number of fouls it is said tobe in the penalty On scoreboardsthis is usually signified with an indicatorlight reading Bonus or Penalty withan illuminated directional arrowindicating that team is to receive freethrows when fouled by the opposingteam (Some scoreboards also indicatethe number of fouls committed)
If A team misses the first shot ofa two-shot situation the opposingteam must wait for the completionof the second shot before attemptingto reclaim possession of the ball andcontinuing play
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
Limits imposed
on
Limits imposed
on
No player may touch the ball onits downward trajectory to thebasket unless it is obvious that theball has no chance of entering thebasket (goaltending)
In addition no player maytouch the ball while it is on or inthe basket when any part of theball is in the spacious cylinderabove the basket (the areaextended upwards from thebasket) or when the ball is outsidethe cylinder if the player reachesthrough the basket and touches itThis violation is known as basketinterference
If a defensive player goaltendsor commits basket interference thebasket is awarded and theoffending team gets the ball If ateammate of the player shootinggoaltends or commits interferencethe basket is cancelled and playcontinues with the defensive teambeing given possession
HAND SIGNALS
FOULS
An attempt to unfairlydisadvantage an opponentthrough physical contact and itrsquosillegal
Players who are fouled eitherreceive the ball to pass inboundsagain or receive one or more freethrows if they are fouled in the act ofshooting depending on whether theshot was successful
One point is awarded for making afree throw which is attempted from aline 15 feet (46 m) from the basket
Technical Foul
A more serious foul that can becharged to a player or coach whoshows poor sportsmanship such asby arguing with a referee or byfighting with another player
The penalty involves free throws(where unlike a personal foul theother team can choose any player toshoot) and varies among leaguesRepeated incidents can resultin disqualification
Disqualifying Foul (FIBA)
A foul resulting in ejection Whilein leagues other than the NBA such afoul is referred to as flagrant
When a team shoots foul shotsthe opponents may not interferewith the shooter nor may they try toregain possession until the last orpotentially last free throw is in theair
After a team has committed aspecified number of fouls it is said tobe in the penalty On scoreboardsthis is usually signified with an indicatorlight reading Bonus or Penalty withan illuminated directional arrowindicating that team is to receive freethrows when fouled by the opposingteam (Some scoreboards also indicatethe number of fouls committed)
If A team misses the first shot ofa two-shot situation the opposingteam must wait for the completionof the second shot before attemptingto reclaim possession of the ball andcontinuing play
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
Limits imposed
on
No player may touch the ball onits downward trajectory to thebasket unless it is obvious that theball has no chance of entering thebasket (goaltending)
In addition no player maytouch the ball while it is on or inthe basket when any part of theball is in the spacious cylinderabove the basket (the areaextended upwards from thebasket) or when the ball is outsidethe cylinder if the player reachesthrough the basket and touches itThis violation is known as basketinterference
If a defensive player goaltendsor commits basket interference thebasket is awarded and theoffending team gets the ball If ateammate of the player shootinggoaltends or commits interferencethe basket is cancelled and playcontinues with the defensive teambeing given possession
HAND SIGNALS
FOULS
An attempt to unfairlydisadvantage an opponentthrough physical contact and itrsquosillegal
Players who are fouled eitherreceive the ball to pass inboundsagain or receive one or more freethrows if they are fouled in the act ofshooting depending on whether theshot was successful
One point is awarded for making afree throw which is attempted from aline 15 feet (46 m) from the basket
Technical Foul
A more serious foul that can becharged to a player or coach whoshows poor sportsmanship such asby arguing with a referee or byfighting with another player
The penalty involves free throws(where unlike a personal foul theother team can choose any player toshoot) and varies among leaguesRepeated incidents can resultin disqualification
Disqualifying Foul (FIBA)
A foul resulting in ejection Whilein leagues other than the NBA such afoul is referred to as flagrant
When a team shoots foul shotsthe opponents may not interferewith the shooter nor may they try toregain possession until the last orpotentially last free throw is in theair
After a team has committed aspecified number of fouls it is said tobe in the penalty On scoreboardsthis is usually signified with an indicatorlight reading Bonus or Penalty withan illuminated directional arrowindicating that team is to receive freethrows when fouled by the opposingteam (Some scoreboards also indicatethe number of fouls committed)
If A team misses the first shot ofa two-shot situation the opposingteam must wait for the completionof the second shot before attemptingto reclaim possession of the ball andcontinuing play
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
No player may touch the ball onits downward trajectory to thebasket unless it is obvious that theball has no chance of entering thebasket (goaltending)
In addition no player maytouch the ball while it is on or inthe basket when any part of theball is in the spacious cylinderabove the basket (the areaextended upwards from thebasket) or when the ball is outsidethe cylinder if the player reachesthrough the basket and touches itThis violation is known as basketinterference
If a defensive player goaltendsor commits basket interference thebasket is awarded and theoffending team gets the ball If ateammate of the player shootinggoaltends or commits interferencethe basket is cancelled and playcontinues with the defensive teambeing given possession
HAND SIGNALS
FOULS
An attempt to unfairlydisadvantage an opponentthrough physical contact and itrsquosillegal
Players who are fouled eitherreceive the ball to pass inboundsagain or receive one or more freethrows if they are fouled in the act ofshooting depending on whether theshot was successful
One point is awarded for making afree throw which is attempted from aline 15 feet (46 m) from the basket
Technical Foul
A more serious foul that can becharged to a player or coach whoshows poor sportsmanship such asby arguing with a referee or byfighting with another player
The penalty involves free throws(where unlike a personal foul theother team can choose any player toshoot) and varies among leaguesRepeated incidents can resultin disqualification
Disqualifying Foul (FIBA)
A foul resulting in ejection Whilein leagues other than the NBA such afoul is referred to as flagrant
When a team shoots foul shotsthe opponents may not interferewith the shooter nor may they try toregain possession until the last orpotentially last free throw is in theair
After a team has committed aspecified number of fouls it is said tobe in the penalty On scoreboardsthis is usually signified with an indicatorlight reading Bonus or Penalty withan illuminated directional arrowindicating that team is to receive freethrows when fouled by the opposingteam (Some scoreboards also indicatethe number of fouls committed)
If A team misses the first shot ofa two-shot situation the opposingteam must wait for the completionof the second shot before attemptingto reclaim possession of the ball andcontinuing play
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
In addition no player maytouch the ball while it is on or inthe basket when any part of theball is in the spacious cylinderabove the basket (the areaextended upwards from thebasket) or when the ball is outsidethe cylinder if the player reachesthrough the basket and touches itThis violation is known as basketinterference
If a defensive player goaltendsor commits basket interference thebasket is awarded and theoffending team gets the ball If ateammate of the player shootinggoaltends or commits interferencethe basket is cancelled and playcontinues with the defensive teambeing given possession
HAND SIGNALS
FOULS
An attempt to unfairlydisadvantage an opponentthrough physical contact and itrsquosillegal
Players who are fouled eitherreceive the ball to pass inboundsagain or receive one or more freethrows if they are fouled in the act ofshooting depending on whether theshot was successful
One point is awarded for making afree throw which is attempted from aline 15 feet (46 m) from the basket
Technical Foul
A more serious foul that can becharged to a player or coach whoshows poor sportsmanship such asby arguing with a referee or byfighting with another player
The penalty involves free throws(where unlike a personal foul theother team can choose any player toshoot) and varies among leaguesRepeated incidents can resultin disqualification
Disqualifying Foul (FIBA)
A foul resulting in ejection Whilein leagues other than the NBA such afoul is referred to as flagrant
When a team shoots foul shotsthe opponents may not interferewith the shooter nor may they try toregain possession until the last orpotentially last free throw is in theair
After a team has committed aspecified number of fouls it is said tobe in the penalty On scoreboardsthis is usually signified with an indicatorlight reading Bonus or Penalty withan illuminated directional arrowindicating that team is to receive freethrows when fouled by the opposingteam (Some scoreboards also indicatethe number of fouls committed)
If A team misses the first shot ofa two-shot situation the opposingteam must wait for the completionof the second shot before attemptingto reclaim possession of the ball andcontinuing play
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
If a defensive player goaltendsor commits basket interference thebasket is awarded and theoffending team gets the ball If ateammate of the player shootinggoaltends or commits interferencethe basket is cancelled and playcontinues with the defensive teambeing given possession
HAND SIGNALS
FOULS
An attempt to unfairlydisadvantage an opponentthrough physical contact and itrsquosillegal
Players who are fouled eitherreceive the ball to pass inboundsagain or receive one or more freethrows if they are fouled in the act ofshooting depending on whether theshot was successful
One point is awarded for making afree throw which is attempted from aline 15 feet (46 m) from the basket
Technical Foul
A more serious foul that can becharged to a player or coach whoshows poor sportsmanship such asby arguing with a referee or byfighting with another player
The penalty involves free throws(where unlike a personal foul theother team can choose any player toshoot) and varies among leaguesRepeated incidents can resultin disqualification
Disqualifying Foul (FIBA)
A foul resulting in ejection Whilein leagues other than the NBA such afoul is referred to as flagrant
When a team shoots foul shotsthe opponents may not interferewith the shooter nor may they try toregain possession until the last orpotentially last free throw is in theair
After a team has committed aspecified number of fouls it is said tobe in the penalty On scoreboardsthis is usually signified with an indicatorlight reading Bonus or Penalty withan illuminated directional arrowindicating that team is to receive freethrows when fouled by the opposingteam (Some scoreboards also indicatethe number of fouls committed)
If A team misses the first shot ofa two-shot situation the opposingteam must wait for the completionof the second shot before attemptingto reclaim possession of the ball andcontinuing play
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
HAND SIGNALS
FOULS
An attempt to unfairlydisadvantage an opponentthrough physical contact and itrsquosillegal
Players who are fouled eitherreceive the ball to pass inboundsagain or receive one or more freethrows if they are fouled in the act ofshooting depending on whether theshot was successful
One point is awarded for making afree throw which is attempted from aline 15 feet (46 m) from the basket
Technical Foul
A more serious foul that can becharged to a player or coach whoshows poor sportsmanship such asby arguing with a referee or byfighting with another player
The penalty involves free throws(where unlike a personal foul theother team can choose any player toshoot) and varies among leaguesRepeated incidents can resultin disqualification
Disqualifying Foul (FIBA)
A foul resulting in ejection Whilein leagues other than the NBA such afoul is referred to as flagrant
When a team shoots foul shotsthe opponents may not interferewith the shooter nor may they try toregain possession until the last orpotentially last free throw is in theair
After a team has committed aspecified number of fouls it is said tobe in the penalty On scoreboardsthis is usually signified with an indicatorlight reading Bonus or Penalty withan illuminated directional arrowindicating that team is to receive freethrows when fouled by the opposingteam (Some scoreboards also indicatethe number of fouls committed)
If A team misses the first shot ofa two-shot situation the opposingteam must wait for the completionof the second shot before attemptingto reclaim possession of the ball andcontinuing play
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
FOULS
An attempt to unfairlydisadvantage an opponentthrough physical contact and itrsquosillegal
Players who are fouled eitherreceive the ball to pass inboundsagain or receive one or more freethrows if they are fouled in the act ofshooting depending on whether theshot was successful
One point is awarded for making afree throw which is attempted from aline 15 feet (46 m) from the basket
Technical Foul
A more serious foul that can becharged to a player or coach whoshows poor sportsmanship such asby arguing with a referee or byfighting with another player
The penalty involves free throws(where unlike a personal foul theother team can choose any player toshoot) and varies among leaguesRepeated incidents can resultin disqualification
Disqualifying Foul (FIBA)
A foul resulting in ejection Whilein leagues other than the NBA such afoul is referred to as flagrant
When a team shoots foul shotsthe opponents may not interferewith the shooter nor may they try toregain possession until the last orpotentially last free throw is in theair
After a team has committed aspecified number of fouls it is said tobe in the penalty On scoreboardsthis is usually signified with an indicatorlight reading Bonus or Penalty withan illuminated directional arrowindicating that team is to receive freethrows when fouled by the opposingteam (Some scoreboards also indicatethe number of fouls committed)
If A team misses the first shot ofa two-shot situation the opposingteam must wait for the completionof the second shot before attemptingto reclaim possession of the ball andcontinuing play
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
Players who are fouled eitherreceive the ball to pass inboundsagain or receive one or more freethrows if they are fouled in the act ofshooting depending on whether theshot was successful
One point is awarded for making afree throw which is attempted from aline 15 feet (46 m) from the basket
Technical Foul
A more serious foul that can becharged to a player or coach whoshows poor sportsmanship such asby arguing with a referee or byfighting with another player
The penalty involves free throws(where unlike a personal foul theother team can choose any player toshoot) and varies among leaguesRepeated incidents can resultin disqualification
Disqualifying Foul (FIBA)
A foul resulting in ejection Whilein leagues other than the NBA such afoul is referred to as flagrant
When a team shoots foul shotsthe opponents may not interferewith the shooter nor may they try toregain possession until the last orpotentially last free throw is in theair
After a team has committed aspecified number of fouls it is said tobe in the penalty On scoreboardsthis is usually signified with an indicatorlight reading Bonus or Penalty withan illuminated directional arrowindicating that team is to receive freethrows when fouled by the opposingteam (Some scoreboards also indicatethe number of fouls committed)
If A team misses the first shot ofa two-shot situation the opposingteam must wait for the completionof the second shot before attemptingto reclaim possession of the ball andcontinuing play
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
One point is awarded for making afree throw which is attempted from aline 15 feet (46 m) from the basket
Technical Foul
A more serious foul that can becharged to a player or coach whoshows poor sportsmanship such asby arguing with a referee or byfighting with another player
The penalty involves free throws(where unlike a personal foul theother team can choose any player toshoot) and varies among leaguesRepeated incidents can resultin disqualification
Disqualifying Foul (FIBA)
A foul resulting in ejection Whilein leagues other than the NBA such afoul is referred to as flagrant
When a team shoots foul shotsthe opponents may not interferewith the shooter nor may they try toregain possession until the last orpotentially last free throw is in theair
After a team has committed aspecified number of fouls it is said tobe in the penalty On scoreboardsthis is usually signified with an indicatorlight reading Bonus or Penalty withan illuminated directional arrowindicating that team is to receive freethrows when fouled by the opposingteam (Some scoreboards also indicatethe number of fouls committed)
If A team misses the first shot ofa two-shot situation the opposingteam must wait for the completionof the second shot before attemptingto reclaim possession of the ball andcontinuing play
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
The penalty involves free throws(where unlike a personal foul theother team can choose any player toshoot) and varies among leaguesRepeated incidents can resultin disqualification
Disqualifying Foul (FIBA)
A foul resulting in ejection Whilein leagues other than the NBA such afoul is referred to as flagrant
When a team shoots foul shotsthe opponents may not interferewith the shooter nor may they try toregain possession until the last orpotentially last free throw is in theair
After a team has committed aspecified number of fouls it is said tobe in the penalty On scoreboardsthis is usually signified with an indicatorlight reading Bonus or Penalty withan illuminated directional arrowindicating that team is to receive freethrows when fouled by the opposingteam (Some scoreboards also indicatethe number of fouls committed)
If A team misses the first shot ofa two-shot situation the opposingteam must wait for the completionof the second shot before attemptingto reclaim possession of the ball andcontinuing play
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
Disqualifying Foul (FIBA)
A foul resulting in ejection Whilein leagues other than the NBA such afoul is referred to as flagrant
When a team shoots foul shotsthe opponents may not interferewith the shooter nor may they try toregain possession until the last orpotentially last free throw is in theair
After a team has committed aspecified number of fouls it is said tobe in the penalty On scoreboardsthis is usually signified with an indicatorlight reading Bonus or Penalty withan illuminated directional arrowindicating that team is to receive freethrows when fouled by the opposingteam (Some scoreboards also indicatethe number of fouls committed)
If A team misses the first shot ofa two-shot situation the opposingteam must wait for the completionof the second shot before attemptingto reclaim possession of the ball andcontinuing play
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
When a team shoots foul shotsthe opponents may not interferewith the shooter nor may they try toregain possession until the last orpotentially last free throw is in theair
After a team has committed aspecified number of fouls it is said tobe in the penalty On scoreboardsthis is usually signified with an indicatorlight reading Bonus or Penalty withan illuminated directional arrowindicating that team is to receive freethrows when fouled by the opposingteam (Some scoreboards also indicatethe number of fouls committed)
If A team misses the first shot ofa two-shot situation the opposingteam must wait for the completionof the second shot before attemptingto reclaim possession of the ball andcontinuing play
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
After a team has committed aspecified number of fouls it is said tobe in the penalty On scoreboardsthis is usually signified with an indicatorlight reading Bonus or Penalty withan illuminated directional arrowindicating that team is to receive freethrows when fouled by the opposingteam (Some scoreboards also indicatethe number of fouls committed)
If A team misses the first shot ofa two-shot situation the opposingteam must wait for the completionof the second shot before attemptingto reclaim possession of the ball andcontinuing play
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
If A team misses the first shot ofa two-shot situation the opposingteam must wait for the completionof the second shot before attemptingto reclaim possession of the ball andcontinuing play
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot isunsuccessful the player is awarded anumber of free throws equal to thevalue of the attempted shot A playerfouled while attempting a regulartwo-point shot then receives twoshots A player fouled whileattempting a three-point shot on theother hand receives three shots
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
If a player is fouled whileattempting a shot and the shot issuccessful typically the player will beawarded one additional free throw forone point
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
In combination with a regularshot this is called a three-pointplay or four-point play (ormore colloquially an and one)because of the basket made at thetime of the foul (2 or 3 points) andthe additional free throw (1point)
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
Positions
During the first five decades ofbasketballs evolution one guardtwo forwards and two centers ortwo guards two forwards and onecenter were used
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
Since the 1980s more specificpositions have evolved namely
1Point guard usually the fastestplayer on the team organizes theteams offense by controlling the balland making sure that it gets to theright player at the right time
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
2Shooting guard creates a highvolume of shots on offense mainlylong-ranged and guards theopponents best perimeter player ondefense3Small forward often primarilyresponsible for scoring points via cutsto the basket and dribblepenetration on defense seeksrebounds and steals but sometimesplays more actively
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
4Power forward plays offensivelyoften with their back to the basketon defense plays under the basket(in a zone defense) or against theopposing power forward (in man-to-man defense)
5Center uses height and size toscore (on offense) to protect thebasket closely (on defense) or torebound
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
Shooting
The act of attempting to scorepoints by throwing the ball throughthe basket methods varying withplayers and situations
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
Some of the shots areSet Shot- taken from a standingposition with neither foot leaving thefloor typically used for free throwsand in other circumstancesLay-up Shot- requires the player to bein motion toward the basket and tolay the ball up and into the baskettypically off the backboard (thebackboard-free underhand version iscalled a finger roll)
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
Jump Shot- taken in mid-air the ballreleased near the top of the jumpThis provides much greater powerand range and it also allows theplayer to elevate over the defenderFailure to release the ball before thefeet return to the floor is considereda traveling violation
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
Slam Dunk--the player jumps veryhigh and throws the ball downwardthrough the basket while touching it
Circus Shot- a low-percentage shotthat is flipped heaved scooped orflung toward the hoop while theshooter is off-balance airbornefalling down andor facing awayfrom the basket
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
Back-shot- a shot taken when theplayer is facing away from thebasket and may be shot with thedominant hand or both but there isa very low chance that the shot willbe successful
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
air-ball - a shot that misses both the rim and the backboard
completely brick - a particularly bad shot or
one that only hits the backboard
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
ReboundingObjective
To successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
PASSINGA method of moving the ball
between players Most passes areaccompanied by a step forward toincrease power and are followedthrough with the hands to ensureaccuracy
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
Some of the pass are
Staple Pass(chest pass)- the ball ispassed directly from the passerschest to the receivers chest
Bounce Pass- the passer bounces theball crisply about two-thirds of theway from his own chest to thereceiver The ball strikes the court andbounces up toward the receiver
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
Overhead - used to pass the ball overa defender The ball is released whileover the passers head
Outlet Pass - occurs after a team getsa defensive rebound The next passafter the rebound is the outlet pass
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
No-look Pass- pass the ball withgreat accuracy and they knowexactly where each of their otherteammates prefers to receive theball A special way of doing this ispassing the ball without looking atthe receiving teammate
Behind-the-back Pass- involvesthrowing the ball behind thepassers back to a teammate
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
DRIBBLINGThe act of bouncing the ball
continuously with one hand and is arequirement for a player to takesteps with the ball To dribble aplayer pushes the ball down towardsthe ground with the fingertips ratherthan patting it this ensures greatercontrol
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
Crossover
Ball handlers frequentlydribble behind their backsbetween their legs and switchdirections suddenly making a lesspredictable dribbling pattern thatis more difficult to defend againstThe most effective way to movepast defenders while dribbling
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
BLOCKINGPerformed when after a shot is
attempted a defender succeeds inaltering the shot by touching theball In almost all variants of play itis illegal to touch the ball after it is inthe downward path of its arc this isknown as goaltending
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
To block a shot a player has tobe able to reach a point higher thanwhere the shot is released Thusheight can be an advantage inblocking Players who are taller andplaying the power forward or centerpositions generally record moreblocks than players who are shorterand playing the guard positions
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
HEIGHT
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
Tallest players ever in the NBA
Manute Bol and Gheorghe Mureşan who were both 7 feet 7 inches(231 m) tall
Tallest player in the history of the WNBA
Margo Dydek at 7 feet 2 inches(218 m)
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
Tallest current NBA player
Hasheem Thabeetwho stands at7 feet 3 inches (221 m)
Shortest player ever to play in the NBA
Muggsy Bogues at 5 feet 3 inches(160 m)
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
Shortest player in the WNBA
Debbie Black at 5 25 just half an inchtaller than Los Angeles Sparks pointguard Shannon Bobbitt and just edgingout Temeka JohnsonShe is a half inchshorter than the shortest NBA playerin history Muggsy Bogues
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
ManuteBol
MuggsyBogues
Gheorghe Mureşan
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
Margo Dydek
Debbie Black
HasheemThabeet
HasheemThabeet
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