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Week Week 3232
Ch. 15.1 pg 392Ch. 15.1 pg 392
All living things have a
common ancestor
How life on earth changed over time
Humans did not evolve from apes..
Humans and apes have a common ancestor!
Women are always cleaning up after men without credit
Out of the trees
Create hunting weapons – knife and spear
Create agricultural tools - rake
Create tools for cities - jackhammer
Create video games
artificial selectionartificial selection
Breeding organisms with specific traits in Breeding organisms with specific traits in order to produce offspring with identical order to produce offspring with identical traitstraits
evolutionevolution
The gradual accumulation of The gradual accumulation of adaptations over timeadaptations over time
Homer Evolution
documentary
Charles DarwinCharles Darwin Supported ideas on evolution by Supported ideas on evolution by
natural selection using fossils as natural selection using fossils as evidenceevidence
Darwin Awards
biography
biography
natural selectionnatural selection
Survival of the fittestSurvival of the fittest, , organisms with favorable organisms with favorable traits survive, reproduce traits survive, reproduce and pass on variations to and pass on variations to the next generationthe next generation
Peacock Tail Tale
adaptationsadaptations
Any variation that aids an organism’s Any variation that aids an organism’s chances of survival in it’s environment, used chances of survival in it’s environment, used as evidence of evolutionas evidence of evolution
Play this game
quiz
video
mimicrymimicry
A structural adaptation that enables A structural adaptation that enables one species to resemble another one species to resemble another speciesspecies
camouflagecamouflage
An adaptation that enables species to An adaptation that enables species to blend with their surroundingsblend with their surroundings
homologous structurehomologous structure
Structural features with a common Structural features with a common evolutionary origin, ex. forelimbs of evolutionary origin, ex. forelimbs of whale, crocodile and birdwhale, crocodile and bird
analogous structureanalogous structure
Body parts that do not have a common Body parts that do not have a common evolutionary origin but are similar in evolutionary origin but are similar in function, ex. wings of birds and function, ex. wings of birds and butterfliesbutterflies
vestigial vestigial structurestructure
A body structure in A body structure in a present day a present day organism that no organism that no longer serves its longer serves its original purposeoriginal purpose
ex. human ex. human appendix appendix
eyes of blind mole-eyes of blind mole-rats, and rats, and
Hip bones in whaleHip bones in whale
embryologyembryology Studying the stages of growth and development of Studying the stages of growth and development of
both plants and animals, phases suggest evolution both plants and animals, phases suggest evolution from distant common ancestors, ex. embryo tails from distant common ancestors, ex. embryo tails and pharyngeal pouchesand pharyngeal pouches
biochemistrybiochemistry
Compare differences that exist among Compare differences that exist among species’ DNA, ATP and other species’ DNA, ATP and other biochemical’s, more similarities biochemical’s, more similarities suggest being more closely relatedsuggest being more closely related
scientific methodscientific method the process used to the process used to
construct accurate construct accurate predictionspredictions
hypothesishypothesis A A predictionprediction based on observations, how based on observations, how
will changes effect an outcomewill changes effect an outcome
data
observations
independent independent variablevariable
Changes tested by the Changes tested by the scientist, think what am scientist, think what am “I” testing, changing“I” testing, changing
Ex. changing slope of Ex. changing slope of rampramp
dependent dependent variablevariable The outcome of an The outcome of an
experimentexperiment Ex. speed of marbleEx. speed of marble
Quantitative Quantitative datadata
Numeric data – measured Numeric data – measured or countedor counted
Qualitative Qualitative datadata described in terms of quality, using described in terms of quality, using
LANGUAGE LANGUAGE Examples: color, small, smoothExamples: color, small, smooth
resultsresults A summary of the data without A summary of the data without
analysis or judgment, can be analysis or judgment, can be language or graphlanguage or graph
Analyzes the results (outcome) of the Analyzes the results (outcome) of the experiment, experiment,
Supports the explanation with data, Supports the explanation with data, Estimates how accurate the hypothesis Estimates how accurate the hypothesis
was, was, Suggests ways to get better resultsSuggests ways to get better results
conclusionconclusion
resultsresults A summary of the data without analysis A summary of the data without analysis
or judgment, can be language or graphor judgment, can be language or graph
conclusionconclusion Analyzes the results (outcome) of the experiment, Analyzes the results (outcome) of the experiment, Supports the explanation with data, Supports the explanation with data, Estimates how accurate the hypothesis was, Estimates how accurate the hypothesis was, Suggests ways to get better resultsSuggests ways to get better results
And now the quiz…And now the quiz…
You may use your flashcards only!!You may use your flashcards only!!
Ready?Ready?
11
Using your outline notes-Using your outline notes-
Name two types of adaptationsName two types of adaptations
22
2 types of evidence for evolution2 types of evidence for evolution
33
What did Darwin use to shape his ideas What did Darwin use to shape his ideas about evolution?about evolution?
44
Name one of the organisms that Darwin Name one of the organisms that Darwin noticed to have changed over time.noticed to have changed over time.
5 5
Using the lyrics of the song - Using the lyrics of the song - The name of Darwin’s bookThe name of Darwin’s book
66
How life changes over timeHow life changes over time
77
The process by which organisms that better The process by which organisms that better adapted survive and reproduce moreadapted survive and reproduce more
88
How we’ll end up if we are not wiseHow we’ll end up if we are not wise
99
Body parts that do not have a common Body parts that do not have a common evolutionary origin but are similar in evolutionary origin but are similar in function, ex. wings of birds and function, ex. wings of birds and butterfliesbutterflies
10 _____ structure10 _____ structure
A body structure in A body structure in a present day a present day organism that no organism that no longer serves its longer serves its original purposeoriginal purpose
ex. human ex. human appendix appendix
eyes of blind mole-eyes of blind mole-rats, and rats, and
Hip bones in whaleHip bones in whale
An adaptation that enables species to An adaptation that enables species to blend with their surroundingsblend with their surroundings
1111
12 ________ structure12 ________ structure
Structural features showing common Structural features showing common evolutionary origin, ex. forelimbs of evolutionary origin, ex. forelimbs of whale, crocodile and birdwhale, crocodile and bird
1313 Used to compare differences that exist among Used to compare differences that exist among
species’ DNA, ATP and other biochemical’s, species’ DNA, ATP and other biochemical’s, more similarities suggest being more closely more similarities suggest being more closely
relatedrelated
14 _____ selection14 _____ selection Survival of the fittestSurvival of the fittest, ,
organisms with favorable organisms with favorable traits survive, reproduce traits survive, reproduce and pass on variations to and pass on variations to the next generationthe next generation
Peacock Tail Tale
1515
Any variation that aids an organism’s Any variation that aids an organism’s chances of survival in it’s environment, used chances of survival in it’s environment, used as evidence of evolutionas evidence of evolution
Play this game
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video
1616
A structural adaptation that enables A structural adaptation that enables one species to resemble another one species to resemble another speciesspecies
1717 Studying the stages of growth and development of Studying the stages of growth and development of
both plants and animals, phases suggest evolution both plants and animals, phases suggest evolution from distant common ancestors, ex. embryo tails from distant common ancestors, ex. embryo tails and pharyngeal pouchesand pharyngeal pouches
18 ________ selection18 ________ selection
Breeding organisms with specific traits in Breeding organisms with specific traits in order to produce offspring with identical order to produce offspring with identical traitstraits
The gradual accumulation of The gradual accumulation of adaptations over timeadaptations over time
19
2020
A A predictionprediction based on based on observations, observations, how will how will changes changes effecteffect an outcomean outcome
data
observations
Mahalo!Mahalo!
Please do your homework!!Please do your homework!!
Chapter Review 15Chapter Review 151.1. camouflagecamouflage2.2. natural selectionnatural selection3.3. speciationspeciation4.4. punctuated equilibriumpunctuated equilibrium5.5. c c 6.6. c stabilizingc stabilizing7.7. d adaptive radiation – convergent evolutiond adaptive radiation – convergent evolution8.8. b convergent evolutionb convergent evolution9.9. d populations evolve, individuals don’td populations evolve, individuals don’t 18. C directional selection18. C directional selection 19. A polyploidy19. A polyploidy 20. C physiological adaptation20. C physiological adaptation 21. B divergent evolution21. B divergent evolution 22. A Hawaiian honeycreepers and Galapagos finches22. A Hawaiian honeycreepers and Galapagos finches
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