Abu Daud- Hadith

AL IMAM ABU DAWUDRKQS 2021 SCIENCES OF HADITH

[Section 02]

Biography of Imam Abu Dawud 

His full name : Sulaiman ibn Al-Ash`ath ibn Is-haq ibn Bashir ibn Shaddad Abu Dawud Al-Azdi As- Sijistani from Sijistan.

the compiler of the well-known collection of hadith.

Abu Dawud was one of the most knowledgeable scholars of the Hadith of the Prophet (peace be upon him).

His early life : born in Sijistan 202 AH in the outset of the golden scientific century.

He grew up fond of knowledge, especially Hadith of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him).

Abu Dawud (may Allah confer His Mercy upon him) died on Friday 15 Shawwal in 275 AH in Basrah and was buried alongside of the grave of Sufyan Ath-Thawri.

Abu Dawud’s Special Attributes

He was blessed with an exceptional mind.

Was well versed in the criticism of hadith.

An expert in distinguishing the sound hadith.

Four persons are reported to have earned their names for the criticism of hadith : Imam Bukhari, Imam Muslim, Imam Abu Dawud and Imam Nasa'i.

Considered by many as Imam al-muhaddithin of his time.

was a great jurist.

He was a religious man, led a pious and ascetic life, devoted most of his time for worship, devotion and remembrance of Allah.

SCHOOL OF THOUGHT

• Had learned from nearly 300 teachers during his lifetime (eg;Imam Ahmad bin Hambal)• Has a very wide interpretation on Hadith so

its hard to pinpoint the type of Mazhab he follows• Scholars debated between Hanbali jurist

while others said that it was Shafii jurist

SCHOLARS VIEW ON IMAM ABU DAWUD

• regarded by many of his time as “Imam al-muhaddithin” [the imam of scholars of hadith]

Quotes

• “the superior scholar of his time, he was a man that nobody excelled in recognizing the verification of sciences and in his awareness of their questions. He was an outstanding devout person”-Abu Bakr Al-Khallal• “Abu Dawud was created in this life for Hadith, and in the hereafter for

Paradise. I have not seen someone better than him.”-Musa ibn Harun Al-Hafiz

WORKS Imam Abud Daud was a great muhaddith and contributing a lot to

hadith compilation Imam Abu Dawud heard hadith from 300 persons who were his

teachers. Some were: Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal, Ishaq ibn Rahawaiy, Abu Thaur, Yahya ibn Ma'in

Among the students of Imam Abu Dawud are great personalities likeImam Ahmad ibn Hanbal, Ishaq ibn Rahawaiy, Abu Thaur, Yahya ibn Ma'in.

Imam Abu Dawud's works are:• Kitab Al Radd Ala' Ahl al Qadar• Kitab Al Masa'il• Musnad Malik• Kitab Al Marasil• Sunan Abu Dawud

SUNAN ABU DAWUD• His most famous of all his works is Sunan Abu

Dawud. • It contains 4800 traditions which were taken out

from a collection of 500,000 hadith.• He completed its compilation at Bagdad in 241 A.H. • He presented the completed compilation to his

beloved teacher Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal who was greatly pleased at this collection.

• Sunan Abu Dawud is an important collection of hadith: Most of the scholars have assigned it to third position among the six authentic books of hadith.

Four Hadith That Are Sufficient For An Intelligent And Insightful Person

1. Deeds are to be judged only by intentions.2. Part of a man's good observance of Islam is that he leaves

alone that which does not concern him.3. None of you can be a believer unless you love for your brother

that which you love for yourself.4. The permitted (halal) is clear, and the forbidden (haram) is

clear, between these two are doubtful matters. Whosoever abstains from these doubtful matters has saved his religion.

METHODOLOGIES OF IMAM ABU DAWUD

MAIN SOURCES• The Letter of Imam Abu Dawud as-Sijistani to the People of Makkah

Describing His Sunan” • Risalah Ila Ahl Makkah

Book and Chapter Order

• Put similar order like Fiqh Books• Taharah• 35 Chapter• Sub - Chapter

Fundamental Method Of Writing

Abu Dawud collect the most authentic from the hadith of law ( Hadis ahkam

Abu Dawood method in terms of a narrator

• does not include narrations from a person who is matruk al-hadith • when there was any munkar hadith in it, he will

clarified that it was munkar

An explanation of the weakness in the takhrij of hadith by Abu Daud and benefit of his silence.

• Imam Abu Dawud also recognize and explained that his book contains a severe weakness,most of it does not have an authentic isnad.

• صالح فهو شيئا فيه أذكر لم ما

• “What I leave in my book Sunan then it is Salih”

• According to Dr Khalid Ad-Durayyis in his books, al-Hadith al-Hasan Li Zhatih wa Li Ghairih ;• 1) Al Khattabi - 'Salih' including Sahih and Hasan.• 2) Ibn Kathir said: "What had been silenced by

Abu Daud then it is - hadith - Hasan"• 3) al-Iraqi, al-Syaukani believed that definition of

‘Salih’ by Abu Daud was intended as Soleh Lil-Ihtijaj .

THE REASON OF THE SILENCE OF IMAM ABU DAWUD ;• The reason of the silence of Imam Abu Dawud ;• 1) He already explained about the problem of

narrator• 2) The scholars agreed to remove the transmitter

because the weakness of the narrator is clear• 3) Disagreements about the narrator (the

difference of the authenticity of hadith) and the explanation of these weaknesses are already described in another book

CONCLUSION• Non-Arab examples on great Muslim Scholars• Good intention will produces great innovation