8th Grade Chapter 2 Sec 1 Food and Energy

Ch. 2 Sec. 1 Food & Digestion

calorie• amount of energy needed to raise temp. of

1 gram of water by 1 Celsius degree

• 1 Calorie = 1,000 calories

• more calories = more energy

• more active you are more calories needed

1 serving of popcorn may contain 60 Calories (60 kcal), or 60,000

calories, of energy

nutrients• substances in food that

provide raw materials & energy body needs to carry out all essential processes

nutrients

•divided into 2 groups•1 gm = 4 calories

1. simple carbohydrates• a.k.a. sugars

• found naturally in fruits, milk & vegetables

• glucose= main source of energy

fiber•can not be digested

•found in plant foods

fats•provide 2X as much as energy as carbs.

•1 gm = 9 calories

•classified in 2 groupsMeet the Fats

fats

• 1. unsaturated fats

–liquid at room temp

–ex. olive oil

fats

• 2. saturated fats–solid at room temp.–foods that have saturated fat –contain cholesterol= waxy, fatlike substance found only in animal products•made by liver

Activity- Do snack foods contain fat?

Food Prediction Describe mark on bag

Fat

(Yes or no)Popcorn

Chocolate chips

Peanut butter chips

Pretzel

cracker

Cheese spread

Peanut butter

• needed for tissue growth & repair

• made up of amino acids

• 2 types of proteins:

1. complete

2. incomplete

incomplete proteins

vitamins

• 2 types:

1.fat soluble

2.water soluble

Scurvy Song-Pink

minerals• not made by living things

• present in soil

• absorbed by plants thru roots

water• most important

nutrient

• need 2 L daily

Carbohydrates, Proteins, Fats, Vitamins, and Minerals [04:25]

vitamins• 2 types:

1.fat soluble

2.water soluble

watermost important

nutrient

complex carbohydrates

•eg. fiber

•can not be digested

•found in plant foods

minerals

• not made by living things

• present in soil

• absorbed by plants thru roots

simple carbohydrates• a.k.a. sugars

• found naturally in fruits, milk & vegetables

• glucose= main source of energy

• made up of amino acids

waterNeed 2L daily

fats

• provide 2X as much as energy as carbs.

• classified in 2 groups:–saturated & unsaturated

1. Pour some of the food into a Ziploc bag. Seal the bag with as little air in it as possible, then mash the food until you make a powder.

2. Fill the bag with some water and mix. 3. Let the mixture sit for at least one hour. 4. After the cereal mixture has been allowed to sit, pour

some into a plastic cup. 5. Move a strong magnet against the side of the cup for

about a minute. You should observe iron particles collecting on the side of the cup!