2012 11-02 OER and Graduate Students (NAGPS Conference)

www.MakeTextbooksAffordable.org | nicole@studentpirgs.org | @txtbks | #OpenTextbooks |

Open Educational Resources: Overview

and Impact on Graduate Students

Nicole AllenThe Student PIRGs

nicole@studentpirgs.org • @txtbks

NAGPS National Conference 2012November 2, 2012 • Duke University

Textbooks cost HOW

Textbook Cost Increases vs. Inflation

Textbook wholesale prices have been rising four times the rate of inflation for the last three decades.

Source: U.S. Department of Labor Statistics 19

81198619911996200120062011

Text-books

Inflation

Avg. student budget for books & supplies is $1,168* per year

* Publishers and bookstores estimate actual spending is lower, but…

7 in 10 students skip buying one or more textbook due to cost

The average introductory textbook costs $176

really???

Bundled textbooks cost 10-50% more than the book alone

(not even counting lost buyback potential)

E-textbooks cost more on avg. than renting print textbooks

But how can publishers get away with this?

$8.8 Billion Industry

5 Players

“Broken Market”

www.MakeTextbooksAffordable.org | nicole@studentpirgs.org | @txtbks | #OAWeekPhilly |

Normal Market

“Broken” Textbook Market

Wish I could

exploit people like

that…

It’s the 21st century! Aren’t e-books solving this problem?

OER & OA: Similarities

• Prices have risen rapidly, resulting in consumers losing access

• Root of the problem is a “broken” market

• Faculty are the lynchpin

• The solution lies in new publishing models

Solving the Textbook Cost

Crisis

Cost-Saving Measures

Used Books

Rentals

E-Books

E-Readers

Students have many ways to save, which is good…

But to solve the problem, we need something better

Open Educational Resources

Educational materials offered under a license allowing the public to freely

use, adapt and distribute the content

Definition: “Educational Resources”

• Textbooks• Assessments• Study guides• Online courses• Lecture notes

• Tutorials• Video lectures• Graphics• Slides• And so on…

Definition: “Open License”

• Reuse• Revise

• Remix• Redistribute

Legal permission from the copyright owner to use the resource freely in the following ways (known as the “4 R’s”)

Open Educational Resources

1. Open TextbooksOER textbooks

• 3,400 adoptions

• 1,800 institutions

• 100+ high-quality books

2. OpenCourseWareExisting materials made open

• 250+ universities

• 17,000+ universities

3. OER RepositoriesMix and match

• CNX.org

• MERLOT.org

• OERCommons.org

• Curriki.org

OER & OA: Differences

• Educational content (interchangeable) vs. scholarly research (unique)

• Emphasis on creating new content, rather than open-licensing existing content

• Creating OER isn’t enough to solve the problem; it must be promoted to get used

Open textbooks are the “beachhead” for OER

Example: Open Textbook

Open Textbook Publishing Models

Publishers (for-profit)

Read full book free online

Option to buy extra items

Publishers (non-profit)

Solves the “Broken Market”

State-Sponsored Programs

Faculty Editorial Boards

Individual Authors

Open Textbook Adoption

What You Can Do

1. Support faculty to find and adopt OER (or other low-cost/free curricular resources)

What You Can Do

2. Get involved in local OER initiatives

What You Can Do

2. Get local OER initiatives3. Continue helping students save

What You Can Do

2. Get involved in local OER initiatives3. Continue helping students save

money4. Engage students as advocates

An Overview of the Textbook Market and Strategies to Reduce

CostsNicole Allen

The Student PIRGsnicole@studentpirgs.org • @txtbks

Textbooks and Their StakeholdersNovember 1, 2012 • Northeastern University

2012 11-02 OER and Graduate Students (NAGPS Conference)

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