13 Questions in Historical Research Method & Oral History

N QUESTIONS IN � �HISTORICAL RESEARCH METHOD�

& Oral History�

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A QUESTION FOR YOU �

CURIOSITY#

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Are you Ready for a new Research Methodology? �

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�Question B�

What is historical research? �#Definition: Historical research is a process of critical

inquiry into past events, in order to produce an accurate description and interpretation of those events (Wiersma, 1986)

It involves systematic objective data collection and its analysis.

!!! There is No History but Histories. Histories change in response to the dominant values and new data 10#April#2015# 4#

Question C�Why do we do historical research? �

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�Question D�

What are features of historical research? �

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With new informationWith new theories & values

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Question E�How did historical research develop?#

Greeks 5th C. BC Herodotus -Father of History –Thucydides –military history- cause and effectRomans3rd BC Cato the Elder in Latin biographies1rd C. BC Strabo combined history & geographyLivy alternative historyPlutarch lives of Greek and Roman leaders#

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Middle Ages Christianity, canons, annals, narration.

Renaissance History of states & nationsEnlightenmentVoltaire: Social history, global history, ages!David Hume: History of culture, scientists !Thomas Carlyle: History of French Revolution with un-neutral dramatic tone.Islam !Life of prophet, science of hadith !Biruni: world history, history of pre-Islam!Ibn Khaldun: Philosophy and methodology of history

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�Question F�

What are current trends in historical research?#

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�Question G�

What are approaches in historical research?#

#•  Cultural approach•  Gender / feminist•  Marxist / socialist•  Postcolonial …

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Question H�What are steps in doing historical

research? �#

Narrate Synthesize, explain

Organize dataEvaluate data

Locate dataMake extensive Literature review

Identify research questions10#April#2015# 12#

�Question I�

What are sources in historical research?#

#•  Primary Sources: First hand access to the events– Documents: personal records, letters, diaries,

newspaper articles, pamphlets, essays, memos, reports, handbooks, wills …

– Oral data: interviews, songs …– Relics: sculpture, remains, art pieces, furniture,

clothes, archeological fragments

•  Secondary Sources - one level removed from the object of inquiry10#April#2015# 13#

�Question J�

How do we evaluate the data ?#

#Process of criticism!External criticism: Validity of the document. Is it authentic or fake?

Internal criticism: Can we trust the data.

Bias? Competency? Inaccuracy

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�Question K�

What is oral history?#

#!Oral!history!is#a#field#of#study#and#a#method#of#gathering,#preserving#and#interpre6ng#the#voices#and#memories#of#people,#communi6es,#and#par6cipants#in#past#events.#Both#process#and#a#product.##Interviews#are#the#method#of#choice#in#oral#history.#

#!!!#life!histories!covers#usually#longer#Kme,#oral#history#are#episodic.#

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�Oral History#

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�Question L�

Why I should choose oral history?#

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•  DemocraKc#&#allOinclusive#

•  NarraKng#is#therapeuKc#&#self#discovering##•  Doable#with#few#resources#•  SomeKmes#only#possibility#resource#

– People#tend#to#remember#significant#events.##

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�Question M�

What makes historical research difficult?#

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�Question N�

What are historical research in psychotherapy?#

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This presentation is prepared by Fatma Tuba Aydın

For further info visit

http://www.psikoterapi.info.tr/en/

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