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FracturesFracturesPages 192-193Pages 192-193
Types of FracturesTypes of Fractures
First classified as First classified as either closed or either closed or compound (open)compound (open)
Open- bone is Open- bone is exposed to the exposed to the outside by outside by opening in skinopening in skin
Closed- protected Closed- protected by uninjured skinby uninjured skin
Comminuted
Spiral
Oblique
Transverse
Greenstick
Avulsion
Compression
Osteoporotic
Fractures
Osteoporotic fractureOsteoporotic fracture
Occurs because bones have weakenedOccurs because bones have weakened Usually in older people (esp. women)Usually in older people (esp. women) Most common in hips, wrists, pelvisMost common in hips, wrists, pelvis
Compression FractureCompression Fracture
Bones compress Bones compress upon themselvesupon themselves
Especially in the Especially in the spinespine
Often from high Often from high impactimpact
Usually in the Usually in the elderlyelderly
Avulsion fractureAvulsion fracture
Small fragment Small fragment of bone detachesof bone detaches
Ligaments/Ligaments/tendons pull the tendons pull the bone offbone off
Usually in ankles, Usually in ankles, knees, and handsknees, and hands
Greenstick FractureGreenstick Fracture
Children onlyChildren only Partial break and Partial break and
bend in the bonebend in the bone How a fresh twig How a fresh twig
would bend and would bend and splintersplinter
Transverse FractureTransverse Fracture
Simple break Simple break cleanly acrosscleanly across
Oblique FractureOblique Fracture
Break is at an Break is at an angle across the angle across the bonebone
If bones stay in If bones stay in place no setting place no setting is requiredis required
It hurts if they It hurts if they have to set ithave to set it
Sometimes Sometimes misdiagnosed as misdiagnosed as a spiral fracturea spiral fracture
Spiral FractureSpiral Fracture
Occurs when Occurs when people fall on a people fall on a limb in a twisting limb in a twisting motionmotion
Produces sharp Produces sharp triangular bone triangular bone endsends
Sometimes Sometimes misdiagnosed as misdiagnosed as an oblique an oblique fracturefracture
Comminuted FractureComminuted Fracture
Bones break into Bones break into many piecesmany pieces
Usually from a Usually from a high energy high energy traumatrauma
Can shorten the Can shorten the length of the bone length of the bone because of the because of the crushing effectcrushing effect
Name that fracture!Name that fracture!
Happened in a twisting Happened in a twisting motionmotion
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