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Young Worker Safety and Health Training for the
Healthcare IndustryTraining Module 4
1
This material was produced under grant number SH-22227-11 from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor. It does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Department of Labor, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
Center for Young Worker Safety and Health at Georgia Tech Research Institute
Acknowledgement of Sources
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Introduction to OSHA
http://www.osha.gov/dte/outreach/construction_generalindustry/teachingaids.html
http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/talkingsafety/
Work Safe, Work Smart: Health and Safety Awareness for Working Teens curriculum. University of Washington: Dept. of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences. Washington State Dept. of Labor and Industries.OSHA’s 11 – An OSHA 10 Hour General Industry Curriculum: University of Washington: Dept. of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences. Washington State Dept. of Labor and Industries.
Center for Young Worker Safety and Health at Georgia Tech Research Institute
Course Agenda & Objectives In this session you will learn:
Bloodborne Pathogens (BBP) What is a bloodborne pathogen? How are healthcare workers exposed to BBP? How do you prevent exposure to BBP and what do you
do if you are exposed at work? Respiratory Protection
What is a respirator? When do you need to wear a respirator (hazards in
healthcare settings most likely to require the use of a respirator)?
What are the limitations of a respirator?
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Center for Young Worker Safety and Health at Georgia Tech Research Institute
Course Agenda & Objectives (continued) Ergonomics
What does “ergonomics” mean and how does it affect healthcare workers?
How do I prevent an ergonomic-related injury? Workplace Violence
Why are healthcare workers at risk of workplace violence?
What are the risk factors and how do you minimize them?
Emergency Response What are examples of the types of emergencies
experienced in a healthcare setting? How does your employer prepare for these types of
emergencies?4
Center for Young Worker Safety and Health at Georgia Tech Research Institute
Tying it All Together
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The Puzzle piece represents an activity that participants can do individually or as a group
The Movie reel represents ways to integrate media into training
The Microphone represents ways to encourage participation
Center for Young Worker Safety and Health at Georgia Tech Research Institute
Healthcare Industry Includes:
Public and Private Hospitals Nursing and residential care facilities Offices of physicians, dentists, etc. Home healthcare services Outpatient care centers Ambulatory health care services Medical and diagnostic laboratories
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Center for Young Worker Safety and Health at Georgia Tech Research Institute
How is healthcare different from other jobs?
In the healthcare setting there is a: diversity of job titles and duties unique "business" of caring for the ill societal behaviors related to caregiving role exotic and unique exposures suspension of usual self-protection behaviors emphasis on confidentiality
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Center for Young Worker Safety and Health at Georgia Tech Research Institute
Did You Know?
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Healthcare is the largest industry in the American economy (EEOC, 2011)
Slips, trips and falls are among the leading cause of injury in healthcare facilities
600,000 – 800,000 needlestick injuries annually Nurses sustain the most needlestick injuries
Source: CDC, 2004
Center for Young Worker Safety and Health at Georgia Tech Research Institute
Healthcare isn’t always healthy….
Risk of infection Exposure to
chemicals and drugs Injuries from lifting
and repetitive motion
Stress
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Bloodborne Pathogens and Infection Control
Information Provided under OSHA Susan Harwood Capacity Building Grant: #SH-20848SHO
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Center for Young Worker Safety and Health at Georgia Tech Research Institute
What’s a Pathogen? Infectious microorganisms present in blood
that can cause disease in humans. Viruses
Cold & Flu Hepatitis B & C HIV
Bacteria Staph infections Tuberculosis
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Center for Young Worker Safety and Health at Georgia Tech Research Institute
Did you know? The Hepatitis C virus can live in dried blood
for up to 30 days. Hepatitis C is the leading cause of liver failure
in the U.S. Up to 4 million Americans are infected with
Hep C There is no immunization for Hepatitis C
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Center for Young Worker Safety and Health at Georgia Tech Research Institute
Bloodborne Pathogens At work, most
biological pathogens are transmitted from: Accidental puncture
from a contaminated sharp object
Contact between broken skin and infected body fluids
Contact between mucous membranes and infected body fluids
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REMEMBER:Blood or body substances do not have to be visible for an infection
to be transmitted
Center for Young Worker Safety and Health at Georgia Tech Research Institute April 20, 2023
Injuries 600,000 – 800,000
needlestick injuries annually Nurses sustain the most
needlestick injuries 1/3 all sharps injuries occur
during disposal CDC estimates 60 – 80% can
be prevented Other exposure incidents
Splashes Contact with mucous
membranes or non-intact skin
Center for Young Worker Safety and Health at Georgia Tech Research Institute
Prevention Strategies
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Remove/Substitute/IsolateRemove/Substitute/Isolatethe hazard
ImproveImprove Work Policies & Procedures
UseUse Protective Clothing & Equipment
Example: single-use, disposable equipment (needles, scalpels, patient gowns)
Examples: •Training on infectious disease and transmission•“Universal Precautions” rule•Handwashing rules•Hepatitis B vaccination
Example:•Disposable gloves for use during procedures and cleaning equipment
Center for Young Worker Safety and Health at Georgia Tech Research Institute
Cleaning & Disinfecting Strategies
Autoclave Heat & Steam Good for objects
Ultrasonic cleaner Vibration &
disinfectant
Hospital grade disinfectants
“Quats” (Quaternary ammonium compounds)
Glutaraldehyde Ethyl Alcohol Bleach solutions
Must be made daily16
Your employer is required to train you on the hazards of working with
chemicals on the job.
The products and chemicals used to clean and disinfect can be dangerous if you are not trained on their use and use them properly
Center for Young Worker Safety and Health at Georgia Tech Research Institute
What to do if you are exposed to a bloodborne pathogen
Flush area with water Irrigate eyes with
water or saline Report to teacher or
employer immediately
Seek counseling/care (time makes a difference)
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Center for Young Worker Safety and Health at Georgia Tech Research Institute
Proper Glove Removal Practice
Center for Young Worker Safety and Health at Georgia Tech Research Institute
Hand washing
Lather well; rub hands vigorously for at least 20 seconds.
Hand sanitizer is NOT a replacement for washing hands with soap and water!
Hand sanitizer does NOT remove chemicals from your hands
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Respiratory Protection in the Healthcare
IndustryInformation Provided under OSHA Susan Harwood Capacity
Building Grant: #SH-20848SHO
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Center for Young Worker Safety and Health at Georgia Tech Research Institute
Respiratory Protection
Is a filtering face piece a respirator? How about a one-strap mask? How about a two-strap mask? What about a surgical mask? Why would you wear a respirator?
Center for Young Worker Safety and Health at Georgia Tech Research Institute
Respiratory Protection
Mask vs. respirator
1 2 31 Dust mask (not NIOSH approved)2 Surgical mask (not a respirator and not PPE)3 NIOSH approved filtering face piece
respirator
Center for Young Worker Safety and Health at Georgia Tech Research Institute
What is a Respirator?
Respirators are devices that protect workers from inhaling harmful airborne substances.
Some respirators also ensure that workers do not breathe air that contains dangerously low levels of oxygen (O2).
(OSHA’s Small Entity Compliance Guide, 9/30/98)
Center for Young Worker Safety and Health at Georgia Tech Research Institute
When do we need respirators? Engineering or administrative controls are
not always possible: Confinement of infectious agent may be difficult
or impossible Improved ventilation may not be practical or
feasible Employees may be exposed to a wide
variety of air contaminants infectious agents chemical agents
Environmental controls may not befeasible
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Center for Young Worker Safety and Health at Georgia Tech Research Institute
Limitations of Respirators
All respirators have limitations: improper fit improper donning damage contamination
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Center for Young Worker Safety and Health at Georgia Tech Research Institute
Respiratory Concerns SARS Smallpox Measles Varicella (Chicken Pox) Tuberculosis (TB) Chemical agents
The minimal acceptable level of respirator protection for TB is the N95 respirator
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REMEMBER:Surgical masks are not considered respirators and are not approved to protect from infectious disease or chemicals.
Ergonomics in the Healthcare Industry
Information Provided under OSHA Susan Harwood Capacity Building Grant: #SH-20848SHO
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Center for Young Worker Safety and Health at Georgia Tech Research Institute
High prevalence of musculoskeletal complaints:
Awkward, prolonged working postures Elevated arms (stocking
supplies) Bent back (making a bed) Bent head (microscope work)
Repetitive movements Heavy, awkward lifting
Lifting patients Positioning patients Transferring patients
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Center for Young Worker Safety and Health at Georgia Tech Research Institute
An Exercise in Strength
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Center for Young Worker Safety and Health at Georgia Tech Research Institute
What is Ergonomics? Fitting the task to the person
Center for Young Worker Safety and Health at Georgia Tech Research Institute
Questions to ask yourself… Are you gripping or squeezing
any of the implements too tightly?
What types of repetitive motions are you doing throughout the day?
Are you holding your arms away from you body for extended periods of time?
Do you find yourself bending forward or twisting into awkward positions to reach the patient?
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Graphic used courtesy of VCU
Center for Young Worker Safety and Health at Georgia Tech Research Institute
Prevention Strategies
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Remove/Substitute/IsolateRemove/Substitute/Isolatethe hazard
ImproveImprove Work Policies & Procedures
UseUse Protective Clothing & Equipment
Example: •Use patient lifting devices
Examples: •Allow for stretching intervals•Keep neck and back straight•Lift with legs•Move patient as close as possible before lifting
Example:•Choose appropriate footwear that is non-slip and supportive
Workplace Example:
Transferring a Patient
Workplace Violence in the Healthcare Industry
Information Provided under OSHA Susan Harwood Capacity Building Grant: #SH-20848SHO
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Center for Young Worker Safety and Health at Georgia Tech Research Institute
Workplace Violence
48% of all non-fatal injuries from occupational assaults occurred in health care and social services
Nurses, aides, orderlies and attendants suffered the most non-fatal assaults.
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Center for Young Worker Safety and Health at Georgia Tech Research Institute
Risk Factors
What are some reasons that healthcare settings have a higher risk for workplace violence than other workplaces?
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Center for Young Worker Safety and Health at Georgia Tech Research Institute
Hazard Prevention Provide better visibility and good lighting Implement safety measures to deter handguns
inside facility Use of security devices like surveillance
cameras, beepers, panic buttons, etc. Control access to work areas Use curved mirrors at hallway intersections or
concealed areas Provide adequate staffing even during night
shift Increase staffing in areas where assaults by
patients are likely (e.g., ER)36
Emergency Response in Healthcare Industry
Information Provided under OSHA Susan Harwood Capacity Building Grant: #SH-20848SHO
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Center for Young Worker Safety and Health at Georgia Tech Research Institute
Types of Emergencies
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Center for Young Worker Safety and Health at Georgia Tech Research Institute
Emergencies make a hard job harder
What are some essential services for a medical facility? (electricity, water, supply chain (medications, food))
Could these be lost during an emergency? How would this affect their ability to perform
their job?
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Center for Young Worker Safety and Health at Georgia Tech Research Institute
What you need to know Your employer should have a plan
Emergency Management Goals: Continuity of care Safety of patients, families, and staff Support to community Preservation of vital records and property
OSHA has established standards and regulations that pertain to healthcare during disaster situations.
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Center for Young Worker Safety and Health at Georgia Tech Research Institute41
The creation of OSHA provided workers the right to a safe and healthful workplace.
Your Right to a…
Section 5(a)(1) of the OSH Act states: “Each employer shall furnish to each of his employees employment and a place of employment which are free from recognized hazards that are causing or are likely to cause death or serious physical harm to his employees."
www.osha.gov or call: 1-800-321-OSHA
Center for Young Worker Safety and Health at Georgia Tech Research Institute
Building Resources: Healthcare Specific
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http://www.health.state.mn.us/index.html
http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/etools/hospital/index.html
http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/etools/nursinghome/index.html
http://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/hps.html
http://www.mtpinnacle.com
Center for Young Worker Safety and Health at Georgia Tech Research Institute
Building Resources
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Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) www.osha.gov and http://www.youth2work.gov/
National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/youth/
Youngworkers.org http://www.youngworkers.org/home.htm *The California Resource Network for Young Workers’ Health and Safety and home of The National Young Worker Safety Resource Center
United States Department of Labor, Wage and Hour Division (WHD) Youth Rules! http://www.youthrules.dol.gov/teens/default.htm
Gulf Coast Safety Institute www.com.edu/gcsi
National Resources
Center for Young Worker Safety and Health at Georgia Tech Research Institute
Building Resources
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Georgia Department of Education http://www.doe.k12.ga.us/ http://www.gadoe.org/
Georgia Department of Education: Career, Technology and Agricultural Education http://www.gadoe.org/ci_cta.aspx
SkillsUSA www.skillsusageorgia.org and www.skillsusa.org Georgia Technology Student Association www.gatsa.org Georgia Engineering and Technology Education Association
www.getea.org Georgia Health Occupations Students of America www.georgiahosa.org
Construction Education Foundation of Georgia www.cefga.org Trade and Industrial Educators of Georgia http://tiega.org/ Project Safe Georgia www.projectsafegeorgia.org American Society of Safety Engineers (ASSE)- Georgia Chapter
http://georgia.asse.org/ Georgia Local Section- American Industrial Hygiene Association (GLS-
AIHA) http://www.georgiaaiha.org/
Georgia Local Resources
Center for Young Worker Safety and Health at Georgia Tech Research Institute
For More Information
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Email: youngworker@gtri.gatech.edu Website: www.youngworker.gatech.edu Twitter: @youngworker Facebook:
http://www.facebook.com/#!/Young.Worker.at.GTRI
Phone: 404-407-8089 Address:
Center for Young Worker Safety and Health at GTRI
260 14th Street Atlanta, GA 30332-0837
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