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:'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, 2014 1
;kb 30 ;kb 30 ;kb 30 ;kb 30 ;kb 30 • • • • • nze 2 nze 2 nze 2 nze 2 nze 2 • • • • • ;szpo 2014 ;szpo 2014 ;szpo 2014 ;szpo 2014 ;szpo 2014 • • • • • e[Zb gzB/ 56e[Zb gzB/ 56e[Zb gzB/ 56e[Zb gzB/ 56e[Zb gzB/ 56
• Gkos #u Ffjoh BhshnK s/ :'iBktK L - nkoHphH Grs 2
fgZSbMks s/ ;zGktBktK
• M[Zrh-M¯gVh w[es Gkos bJh fJe gfog/y - nfwskG e[zv{ 7
• Gkosh FfjoK ftu g/Iv{nK ~ w[]ksp j'Dk - Bo/Ido gkBh 11
• ;wkoN FfjoK dh :'iBkpzdh L F[o{ feE'I eohJ/< - n?; uzdoF/yo, 14
- fBjkfoek t?eN/F
• Gkosh FfjoK bJh ikoh ofjD:'r ftZs-gqpzXB - nkBzd ;j;okBwB 17
- ftF~ gq;kd
• FfjoheoB s/ nkXkoe YKu/ dk ftek; - gothB ;bdh 21
• FfjoheoB dk tX fojk o[MkB - ;[ftXk e[wok 24
• wjKBroK d/ tXd/ nkeko s/ ;wZf;nktK - i;ftzdo e"o fpzdok 27
• rzrk dfonk ftu tksktofBe gkDh dk - n?uHn?; ;/B 29
tjkn :ehBh pDkT[Dk - fdgKeo x'okfJ
• xZro dfonk L gqd{FB s/ ;zGkth T[gkn - uoBihs f;zx @BkGk# 34
• ekbh t/JhI dk gqtkj L b'eK bJh ;[y dk ;kj - jopz; f;zx ukjb 37
• f;Zfyne ;z;EktK #u tksktoB ;[Xko dhnK - irihs f;zx wkB 39
;zGktBktK
• gzikp ftu o;kfJDe }fjoK dk efjo - ifszdogkb f;zx 41
• gdkoE gqekF s/ pqfjwzv dh n;bhns L - ;spho f;zx 43
fBT{NqhB' eD
• ]poK ftu'I ]poK - 47
• eh s[;hI ikDd/ j'< - 49
• f;js gq'rokwK ~ bkr{ eoB ;w/I fdZesK - irdhg e"o 50
• g[;se gVu'b - ;opihs e"o 52
fJ; nze ftufJ; nze ftufJ; nze ftufJ; nze ftufJ; nze ftu
w?Ipo pDB s/ gZqfsek wzrtkT[D bJh s[;hI ;kv/ j/mb/ ftZeoh e/IdoK Bkb th ;zgoe eo ;ed/ j' L L L L L • gqekFB ftGkr, ;{uBk GtB, ;hHihHUH ezgb?e;, BthI fdZbh-110003 (\'BH 24365610) • jkb BzH 196, g[okDk ;eZso/s, fdZbh - 110054 (\'BH23890205) • 701, ph ftzr, ;ZsthI wzf}b, e/Idoh ;dB, p/bkg[o, BthI w[zpJh-400614 (\'BH 27570686 • 8 n?;gb/B/v Jh;N, e'beksk - 700069 (\'BH 22488030) • J/ ftzr, okikih GtB, p/;/IN Bro, u/BZJh - 600090 (\'BH 24917673)• gq?&Z; o'v, B/V/ r"ofwzN gq?`;, fso{tkBzsg[ow 695001 (\'BH 2330650) • pbke BzH 4, rqfjebg ezgb?e;, n?wH ihH o'v, BkwgZbh, j?dokpkd - 500001 (\'BH24605383)• gqEw sb, @n?c# ftzr, e/Idoh ;dB, e'okwzrbk, pzrb'o - 560034 (\'BH 25537244 • fpjko oki ;fjekoh p?Ie fpbfvzr, nF'e okigE, gNBk - 800004(\'BH2683407) • jkb BzH 1, d{ih wz}b, e/Idoh GtB, ;?eNo n?`u, nbhrzi, byBT{ - 226024 (\'BH2225455 • nzfpek ezgb?e;, gqEw sb, T[go :{e' p?Ie, gkbdh,nfjwdkpkd - 380007 (\'BH 26588669) • e/He/Hph o'v, fBT{ ekb'Bh, jkT{; BzH 7, u/Bh e[Eh, r[tkjNh - 781003 (\'BH 2665090)
w[Zy ;zgkde
oki/F e/H Mkoki/F e/H Mkoki/F e/H Mkoki/F e/H Mkoki/F e/H Mk
;zgkde
pbpho wkX'g[ohpbpho wkX'g[ohpbpho wkX'g[ohpbpho wkX'g[ohpbpho wkX'g[oh
;zgkdeh d\so;zgkdeh d\so;zgkdeh d\so;zgkdeh d\so;zgkdeh d\so
Jh;N pbke-4, b?tb-7
nkoH e/H g[ow, BthI fdZbh-110066
\'B s/ \?e; L 011-26177591
Jhw/b : yojanapunjabi@yahoo.comt?p;kJhN LLLLL www.yojana.gov.inwww.publicationsdivision.nic.in
https//www.facebook.com/pages/yojana-journal
;z:[es fBod/Fe (T[sgkdB)
thHe/H whDkthHe/H whDkthHe/H whDkthHe/H whDkthHe/H whDk
fp}fB; w?B/io (;oe{b/FB s/ ftfrnkgB)
;{ohnkeKs Fowk;{ohnkeKs Fowk;{ohnkeKs Fowk;{ohnkeKs Fowk;{ohnkeKs Fowk
\'BL 26100207
c?e; L 26175516
Jhw/b L pdjucir@gmail.com
eto L ihHghHX'g/ihHghHX'g/ihHghHX'g/ihHghHX'g/ihHghHX'g/
:'iBk:'iBk:'iBk:'iBk:'iBk gzikph ;w/s n;whnk pKrbk, nzro/}h, r[ioksh, ezBV, wfbnkbw, wokmh, Uvhnk, s/br{ s/ T[od{ GkFktK ftu th gqekfFs ehsh iKdh j?. gZfsqek gzikph ;w/s n;whnk pKrbk, nzro/}h, r[ioksh, ezBV, wfbnkbw, wokmh, Uvhnk, s/br{ s/ T[od{ GkFktK ftu th gqekfFs ehsh iKdh j?. gZfsqek gzikph ;w/s n;whnk pKrbk, nzro/}h, r[ioksh, ezBV, wfbnkbw, wokmh, Uvhnk, s/br{ s/ T[od{ GkFktK ftu th gqekfFs ehsh iKdh j?. gZfsqek gzikph ;w/s n;whnk pKrbk, nzro/}h, r[ioksh, ezBV, wfbnkbw, wokmh, Uvhnk, s/br{ s/ T[od{ GkFktK ftu th gqekfFs ehsh iKdh j?. gZfsqek gzikph ;w/s n;whnk pKrbk, nzro/}h, r[ioksh, ezBV, wfbnkbw, wokmh, Uvhnk, s/br{ s/ T[od{ GkFktK ftu th gqekfFs ehsh iKdh j?. gZfsqek
wzrkT[D tk;s/, BthI w?IpofFg, BftnkT[D, g[okD/ nzeK dh gqkgsh s/ J/iz;h nkfd bJh wBhnkovo$vhwKv vqkcN$g';Nb nkovo @wzrkT[D tk;s/, BthI w?IpofFg, BftnkT[D, g[okD/ nzeK dh gqkgsh s/ J/iz;h nkfd bJh wBhnkovo$vhwKv vqkcN$g';Nb nkovo @wzrkT[D tk;s/, BthI w?IpofFg, BftnkT[D, g[okD/ nzeK dh gqkgsh s/ J/iz;h nkfd bJh wBhnkovo$vhwKv vqkcN$g';Nb nkovo @wzrkT[D tk;s/, BthI w?IpofFg, BftnkT[D, g[okD/ nzeK dh gqkgsh s/ J/iz;h nkfd bJh wBhnkovo$vhwKv vqkcN$g';Nb nkovo @wzrkT[D tk;s/, BthI w?IpofFg, BftnkT[D, g[okD/ nzeK dh gqkgsh s/ J/iz;h nkfd bJh wBhnkovo$vhwKv vqkcN$g';Nb nkovo @ADG(i/c), PublicationsDivision# d/ BK #s/ pDtk e/ j/m fby/ gs/ #s/ G/i'. fp}fB; w?B/io (;oe{b/FB s/ ftfrnkgB) gqekFB ftGkr, Jh;N pbke-4, b?tb-7, nkoHe/H g[ow,# d/ BK #s/ pDtk e/ j/m fby/ gs/ #s/ G/i'. fp}fB; w?B/io (;oe{b/FB s/ ftfrnkgB) gqekFB ftGkr, Jh;N pbke-4, b?tb-7, nkoHe/H g[ow,# d/ BK #s/ pDtk e/ j/m fby/ gs/ #s/ G/i'. fp}fB; w?B/io (;oe{b/FB s/ ftfrnkgB) gqekFB ftGkr, Jh;N pbke-4, b?tb-7, nkoHe/H g[ow,# d/ BK #s/ pDtk e/ j/m fby/ gs/ #s/ G/i'. fp}fB; w?B/io (;oe{b/FB s/ ftfrnkgB) gqekFB ftGkr, Jh;N pbke-4, b?tb-7, nkoHe/H g[ow,# d/ BK #s/ pDtk e/ j/m fby/ gs/ #s/ G/i'. fp}fB; w?B/io (;oe{b/FB s/ ftfrnkgB) gqekFB ftGkr, Jh;N pbke-4, b?tb-7, nkoHe/H g[ow,
Bth I fd Zbh-110066, \ 'B-26100207, 26105590 skoL ;{uBkg qekFBBth I fd Zbh-110066, \ 'B-26100207, 26105590 skoL ;{uBkg qekFBBth I fd Zbh-110066, \ 'B-26100207, 26105590 skoL ;{uBkg qekFBBth I fd Zbh-110066, \ 'B-26100207, 26105590 skoL ;{uBkg qekFBBth I fd Zbh-110066, \ 'B-26100207, 26105590 skoL ;{uBkg qekFB
uzdk doK L 1 ;kb uzdk doK L 1 ;kb uzdk doK L 1 ;kb uzdk doK L 1 ;kb uzdk doK L 1 ;kb `100, 2 ;kb 100, 2 ;kb 100, 2 ;kb 100, 2 ;kb 100, 2 ;kb `180, 3 ;kb 180, 3 ;kb 180, 3 ;kb 180, 3 ;kb 180, 3 ;kb `250 - ;koe d/FK bJh 250 - ;koe d/FK bJh 250 - ;koe d/FK bJh 250 - ;koe d/FK bJh 250 - ;koe d/FK bJh `530 l :{ogh s/ j'o d/FK bJh 530 l :{ogh s/ j'o d/FK bJh 530 l :{ogh s/ j'o d/FK bJh 530 l :{ogh s/ j'o d/FK bJh 530 l :{ogh s/ j'o d/FK bJh `730H 730H 730H 730H 730H :'iBk:'iBk:'iBk:'iBk:'iBk ftu gqekfFs fBpzXK ftu ftu gqekfFs fBpzXK ftu ftu gqekfFs fBpzXK ftu ftu gqekfFs fBpzXK ftu ftu gqekfFs fBpzXK ftu
gqrNkJ/ ftuko b/yeK d/ nkgD/ jB. }o{oh BjhI fe T[j b/ye Gkos ;oeko d/ fiBQK wzsokfbnK, ftGkrK s/ ;zrmBK Bkb ;zpzfXs jB, T[BQK dk th fJjhgqrNkJ/ ftuko b/yeK d/ nkgD/ jB. }o{oh BjhI fe T[j b/ye Gkos ;oeko d/ fiBQK wzsokfbnK, ftGkrK s/ ;zrmBK Bkb ;zpzfXs jB, T[BQK dk th fJjhgqrNkJ/ ftuko b/yeK d/ nkgD/ jB. }o{oh BjhI fe T[j b/ye Gkos ;oeko d/ fiBQK wzsokfbnK, ftGkrK s/ ;zrmBK Bkb ;zpzfXs jB, T[BQK dk th fJjhgqrNkJ/ ftuko b/yeK d/ nkgD/ jB. }o{oh BjhI fe T[j b/ye Gkos ;oeko d/ fiBQK wzsokfbnK, ftGkrK s/ ;zrmBK Bkb ;zpzfXs jB, T[BQK dk th fJjhgqrNkJ/ ftuko b/yeK d/ nkgD/ jB. }o{oh BjhI fe T[j b/ye Gkos ;oeko d/ fiBQK wzsokfbnK, ftGkrK s/ ;zrmBK Bkb ;zpzfXs jB, T[BQK dk th fJjh
fdqFNhe'B j't/. gZ qfsqek ftu gqekfFs ftfrnkgBK d/ ftFk t;s{ tk;s/ :'iBk itkpd/j BjhI j?.fdqFNhe'B j't/. gZ qfsqek ftu gqekfFs ftfrnkgBK d/ ftFk t;s{ tk;s/ :'iBk itkpd/j BjhI j?.fdqFNhe'B j't/. gZ qfsqek ftu gqekfFs ftfrnkgBK d/ ftFk t;s{ tk;s/ :'iBk itkpd/j BjhI j?.fdqFNhe'B j't/. gZ qfsqek ftu gqekfFs ftfrnkgBK d/ ftFk t;s{ tk;s/ :'iBk itkpd/j BjhI j?.fdqFNhe'B j't/. gZ qfsqek ftu gqekfFs ftfrnkgBK d/ ftFk t;s{ tk;s/ :'iBk itkpd/j BjhI j?.
2 :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, 2014
Ffjoh :'iBkpzdhFfjoh :'iBkpzdhFfjoh :'iBkpzdhFfjoh :'iBkpzdhFfjoh :'iBkpzdh
Gkos #u Ffjoh BhshnK s/ :'iBktK L fgZSbMks s/ ;zGktBktKGkos #u Ffjoh BhshnK s/ :'iBktK L fgZSbMks s/ ;zGktBktKGkos #u Ffjoh BhshnK s/ :'iBktK L fgZSbMks s/ ;zGktBktKGkos #u Ffjoh BhshnK s/ :'iBktK L fgZSbMks s/ ;zGktBktKGkos #u Ffjoh BhshnK s/ :'iBktK L fgZSbMks s/ ;zGktBktK
nkoHphH GrsnkoHphH GrsnkoHphH GrsnkoHphH GrsnkoHphH Grs
D-gSkDD-gSkDD-gSkDD-gSkDD-gSkD
T[dkotkd d/ d"o s'I fgS'I Gkos d/
nkofEe ftek; ftu Ffjoh ns/ BroK d/
e/IdoK dh wjZssk tXdh ik ojh j?.
T[dkjoD bJh, Gkos d/ e[Zb xo/b{
T[sgkd ftu Ffjoh y/soK dk :'rdkB
1950-51 d/ 29 gqfsFs d/ w[ekpb/
1980-81 ftu 47 gqfsFs, 2007 ftu
62-63 gqfsFs j' frnk fi; d/ 2021
se tX e/ 75 gqfsFs j' ikD dh nk;
j? (:'iBk nk:'r 2008L394). fJ; rZb
#s/ th }'o fdsk ik fojk j? fe e[Zb
xo/b{ T[sgkd ftu 9 s'I 10 gqfsFs
ftek; p[fBnkdh s"o s/ Gkosh FfjoK ~
j'o tZX ofjD:'r ns/ ;zfwbs pDkT[D
#s/ fBoGo eodk j? (:'iBk nk:'r, Gkos
;oeko, 2008L394). FfjoheoB dk fJe
nfjw bZSD, i' okiBhsh ns/ BhshnK #s/
n;onzdk} j[zdk j?, T[j j? fe fJj iks
ns/ Xkofwe gSkD #s/ nkXkos okiBhse
bkwpzdh d/ g[okD/ ;o{g ~ Bekodk j?
ns/ ftek; bJh jZe nkXkos gj[zu ngDk
e/ ;EkBe w[ZfdnK ~ jZb eoB dh rZb
eodk j?. fJ; bJh, b'eK d/ ;FesheoB
dk fJe BtK w[jKdok T[Go fojk j? fi;
ftu T[BQK bJh ]k; ek~B pDk e/ ftF/F
jZedkoh :ehBh pDkJh rJh j?. Bt/I
Bhshrs pdbkn ns/ Fk;B dhnK
oDBhshnK }o{oh s"o s/ ;o{g ftu FfjoK
tkbhnK jB. g/Iv{ ns/ Ffjoh gkVk th
w"fbe gSkDK ~ pDkJh oZyD ftu Bkekw
j' fojk j? feT[Ife fgzvK dh iBsk nkofEe
ns/ ;wkfie ;o'sK se gj[zu bJh pokpo
fuzss j? ns/ T[j nkgDh jkbs bJh
;oeko ~ f}zw/tko wzBd/ jB.
Gkos d/ Ffjoh fJfsjk; dk fJeGkos d/ Ffjoh fJfsjk; dk fJeGkos d/ Ffjoh fJfsjk; dk fJeGkos d/ Ffjoh fJfsjk; dk fJeGkos d/ Ffjoh fJfsjk; dk fJe
j?okB eoB tkbk gZy fJj th j?j?okB eoB tkbk gZy fJj th j?j?okB eoB tkbk gZy fJj th j?j?okB eoB tkbk gZy fJj th j?j?okB eoB tkbk gZy fJj th j?
fe pj[s/ e;p/ ns/ Ffjo nkgD/fe pj[s/ e;p/ ns/ Ffjo nkgD/fe pj[s/ e;p/ ns/ Ffjo nkgD/fe pj[s/ e;p/ ns/ Ffjo nkgD/fe pj[s/ e;p/ ns/ Ffjo nkgD/
s"o s/ fte;s j'J/ jB. BhshnKs"o s/ fte;s j'J/ jB. BhshnKs"o s/ fte;s j'J/ jB. BhshnKs"o s/ fte;s j'J/ jB. BhshnKs"o s/ fte;s j'J/ jB. BhshnK
ns/ :'iBktK B/ e[ZM jZd se tZv/ns/ :'iBktK B/ e[ZM jZd se tZv/ns/ :'iBktK B/ e[ZM jZd se tZv/ns/ :'iBktK B/ e[ZM jZd se tZv/ns/ :'iBktK B/ e[ZM jZd se tZv/
Ffjoh e/IdoK #s/ n;o gkfJnk,Ffjoh e/IdoK #s/ n;o gkfJnk,Ffjoh e/IdoK #s/ n;o gkfJnk,Ffjoh e/IdoK #s/ n;o gkfJnk,Ffjoh e/IdoK #s/ n;o gkfJnk,
go S'N/ Ffjo s/ e;p/ s/ |?ogo S'N/ Ffjo s/ e;p/ s/ |?ogo S'N/ Ffjo s/ e;p/ s/ |?ogo S'N/ Ffjo s/ e;p/ s/ |?ogo S'N/ Ffjo s/ e;p/ s/ |?o
wjKBroh y/so Ffjoh BhshnKwjKBroh y/so Ffjoh BhshnKwjKBroh y/so Ffjoh BhshnKwjKBroh y/so Ffjoh BhshnKwjKBroh y/so Ffjoh BhshnK
ns/ :'iBktK s'I f}nkdkso nfGZins/ :'iBktK s'I f}nkdkso nfGZins/ :'iBktK s'I f}nkdkso nfGZins/ :'iBktK s'I f}nkdkso nfGZins/ :'iBktK s'I f}nkdkso nfGZi
jh oj/ jB (Fkn 1996-224).jh oj/ jB (Fkn 1996-224).jh oj/ jB (Fkn 1996-224).jh oj/ jB (Fkn 1996-224).jh oj/ jB (Fkn 1996-224).
fJj gouk Ffjoh Bhsh, :'iBkpzdhfJj gouk Ffjoh Bhsh, :'iBkpzdhfJj gouk Ffjoh Bhsh, :'iBkpzdhfJj gouk Ffjoh Bhsh, :'iBkpzdhfJj gouk Ffjoh Bhsh, :'iBkpzdh
s/ ftT[IsK #s/ fJj ;zy/g Mkss/ ftT[IsK #s/ fJj ;zy/g Mkss/ ftT[IsK #s/ fJj ;zy/g Mkss/ ftT[IsK #s/ fJj ;zy/g Mkss/ ftT[IsK #s/ fJj ;zy/g Mks
gkT[Idk s/ nZr/ tXD dk wkorgkT[Idk s/ nZr/ tXD dk wkorgkT[Idk s/ nZr/ tXD dk wkorgkT[Idk s/ nZr/ tXD dk wkorgkT[Idk s/ nZr/ tXD dk wkor
;[MkT[Idk j?.;[MkT[Idk j?.;[MkT[Idk j?.;[MkT[Idk j?.;[MkT[Idk j?.
gzi ;kbk :'iBktK ftu Ffjohgzi ;kbk :'iBktK ftu Ffjohgzi ;kbk :'iBktK ftu Ffjohgzi ;kbk :'iBktK ftu Ffjohgzi ;kbk :'iBktK ftu Ffjoh
ftT[IsK ns/ :'iBkpzdhftT[IsK ns/ :'iBkpzdhftT[IsK ns/ :'iBkpzdhftT[IsK ns/ :'iBkpzdhftT[IsK ns/ :'iBkpzdh
gfjbhnK d' gzi ;kbk :'iBktK d/
;w/I d"okB tZy-tZy ndko/ ns/ ;z;EktK
pDkJhnK ns/ ;Ekfgs ehshnK rJhnK.
T[dkjoD ti'I, ;oeko tb'I NkT{B n?Iv
ezNoh gbkfBzr nkor/BkJhi/FB, B?FBb
fpbfvzr nkor/BkJhi/FB ns/ fdZbh ftek;
nEkfoNh dk fJ; ;w/I d"okB rmB ehsk
frnk. fdZbh dk wk;No gbkB pDkT[D
bJh th e'fFFK ehshnK rJhnK i' d{i/
okiK ftu Ffjoh :'iBkpzdh bJh okjd;/ok
pfDnk (Fkn 1996L225). fJ; ;w/I d"okB,
okiK ~ NkT{B n?Iv ezNoh gbkfBzr ;zpzXh
ek~B bkr{ eoB dh ;bkj fdsh rJh
sK i' Ffjoh }whB d/ fpjso gqpzXB
bJh wk;No gbkB pDkJ/ ik ;eD
(okwkuzdoB 1989L570).
Gkos d/ Ffjoh ftek; ns/ :'iBkpzdh
bJh shih gzi ;kbk :'iBk (1961-66)
fJe nfjw w'V ;kps j'Jh. fJ; ftu
;zs[fbs y/soh ftek; w[skpe FfjoK ns/
e;fpnK dh wjZssk ~ ;theko ehsk
frnk ns/ ;[Mkn fdsk frnk fe Ffjoh
:'iBkpzdh bJh y/soh gj[zu ngDkJh
ikt/. fJ; ftu Ffjoh }whB ~ fB:fws
eoB, Ffjoh }whB dhnK ehwsK #s/ ekp{
oZyD ns/ tZv/ FfjoK bJh wk;No gbkB
pDkT[D #s/ }'o fdsk frnk. fJ; ftu
;gZFN ehsk frnk fe wk;No gbkB
fsnko eoBk okiK ns/ ;EkBe ;oekoK s/
ftGkrK dh f}zw/tkoh j?. fJ; b'V ~ th
;wfMnk frnk fe fiE'I se j' ;e/ tZv/
T[d:'r tZv/ FfjoK ns/ GhV tkb/ fJbkfenK
s'I d{o ;Ekfgs ehs/ ikD ns/ fBrw
gqpzXB ~ w}p{s ehsk ikt/ (http://
planningcommission.gov.in/plans/
planrel/fiveyr/index6.html) fJ; ;w/I d"okBpj[s/ okiK B/ poskBth NkT{B gbkfBzr
d/ Bw{B/ ns/ gqEktK dh so} #s/ Ffjoh
ftek; d/ ek~B bkr{ ehs/ rJ/. n;b
ftu, shih gzi ;kbk :'iBk ~ d/F ftu
Ffjoh BhshnK fsnko eoB ftu p/jZd
nfjw wzfBnk ik ;edk j? (Fkn
1996L226). u"Eh gzi ;kbk :'iBk (1969-
74) d"okB th shih :'iBk d/ y/so ns/
ikikikikik
:'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, 2014 3
Ffjoh ftek; d/ T[gokfbnK #s/ }'o fdsk
iKdk fojk ns/ 72 Ffjoh e/IdoK tk;s/
ftek; :'iBktK F[o{ ehshnK rJhnK.
fdZbh, rq/No w[zpJh ns/ e'beksk tor/
wjKBroh y/soK ftu y/soh nfXn?B F[o{
ehs/ rJ/ (http://planningcommission.
nic.in/plans/planrel/fiveyr/4th/4planch1
9.html).
e/Ido ;oeko tb'I gqkgs ftF/Fe/Ido ;oeko tb'I gqkgs ftF/Fe/Ido ;oeko tb'I gqkgs ftF/Fe/Ido ;oeko tb'I gqkgs ftF/Fe/Ido ;oeko tb'I gqkgs ftF/F
nB[dkB dh wdd Bkb okiK dhnKnB[dkB dh wdd Bkb okiK dhnKnB[dkB dh wdd Bkb okiK dhnKnB[dkB dh wdd Bkb okiK dhnKnB[dkB dh wdd Bkb okiK dhnK
BthnK okiXkBhnK, fit/I uzvhrVQ,BthnK okiXkBhnK, fit/I uzvhrVQ,BthnK okiXkBhnK, fit/I uzvhrVQ,BthnK okiXkBhnK, fit/I uzvhrVQ,BthnK okiXkBhnK, fit/I uzvhrVQ,
rKXhBro, G'gkb ns/ G[pB/FtorKXhBro, G'gkb ns/ G[pB/FtorKXhBro, G'gkb ns/ G[pB/FtorKXhBro, G'gkb ns/ G[pB/FtorKXhBro, G'gkb ns/ G[pB/Fto
d/ ftek; ~ rsh gqdkB ehshd/ ftek; ~ rsh gqdkB ehshd/ ftek; ~ rsh gqdkB ehshd/ ftek; ~ rsh gqdkB ehshd/ ftek; ~ rsh gqdkB ehsh
rJh. fJ; ftu Ffjoh ek~BK ~rJh. fJ; ftu Ffjoh ek~BK ~rJh. fJ; ftu Ffjoh ek~BK ~rJh. fJ; ftu Ffjoh ek~BK ~rJh. fJ; ftu Ffjoh ek~BK ~
Ffjoh ftek; d/ o;s/ ftu o[ektNFfjoh ftek; d/ o;s/ ftu o[ektNFfjoh ftek; d/ o;s/ ftu o[ektNFfjoh ftek; d/ o;s/ ftu o[ektNFfjoh ftek; d/ o;s/ ftu o[ektN
pDB tkb/ ek~BK dh ;whfynkpDB tkb/ ek~BK dh ;whfynkpDB tkb/ ek~BK dh ;whfynkpDB tkb/ ek~BK dh ;whfynkpDB tkb/ ek~BK dh ;whfynk
eoB dh ;bkj fdsh rJh. FfjoheoB dh ;bkj fdsh rJh. FfjoheoB dh ;bkj fdsh rJh. FfjoheoB dh ;bkj fdsh rJh. FfjoheoB dh ;bkj fdsh rJh. Ffjoh
}whB (jZdpzdh ns/ ftfB:w)}whB (jZdpzdh ns/ ftfB:w)}whB (jZdpzdh ns/ ftfB:w)}whB (jZdpzdh ns/ ftfB:w)}whB (jZdpzdh ns/ ftfB:w)
n?eN 1976 gzithI gzi ;kbk :'iBkn?eN 1976 gzithI gzi ;kbk :'iBkn?eN 1976 gzithI gzi ;kbk :'iBkn?eN 1976 gzithI gzi ;kbk :'iBkn?eN 1976 gzithI gzi ;kbk :'iBk
d"okB gk; ehsk frnk. fJ;d"okB gk; ehsk frnk. fJ;d"okB gk; ehsk frnk. fJ;d"okB gk; ehsk frnk. fJ;d"okB gk; ehsk frnk. fJ;
ftu oki ;oekoK ~ wjKBrohftu oki ;oekoK ~ wjKBrohftu oki ;oekoK ~ wjKBrohftu oki ;oekoK ~ wjKBrohftu oki ;oekoK ~ wjKBroh
:'iBkpzdh y/so pDkT[D dh th:'iBkpzdh y/so pDkT[D dh th:'iBkpzdh y/so pDkT[D dh th:'iBkpzdh y/so pDkT[D dh th:'iBkpzdh y/so pDkT[D dh th
;bkj fdsh rJh sK i' Ffjoh;bkj fdsh rJh sK i' Ffjoh;bkj fdsh rJh sK i' Ffjoh;bkj fdsh rJh sK i' Ffjoh;bkj fdsh rJh sK i' Ffjoh
gqpzXB ;hwk s'I pkjob/ fte;s j'gqpzXB ;hwk s'I pkjob/ fte;s j'gqpzXB ;hwk s'I pkjob/ fte;s j'gqpzXB ;hwk s'I pkjob/ fte;s j'gqpzXB ;hwk s'I pkjob/ fte;s j'
oj/ y/soK tZb th fXnkB fdskoj/ y/soK tZb th fXnkB fdskoj/ y/soK tZb th fXnkB fdskoj/ y/soK tZb th fXnkB fdskoj/ y/soK tZb th fXnkB fdsk
ik ;e/.ik ;e/.ik ;e/.ik ;e/.ik ;e/.
fJ; ;w/I d"okB tkgo/ fJe nfjw
xNBkeqw ftu, wjKokFNo ;oeko B/
w[zpJh wjKBro ftek; n?eN, 1974 ftu
gk; eo fdsk ns/ fJ; nB[;ko 26
iBtoh, 1975 ~ w[zpJh wjKBro y/soh
ftek; nEkfoNh dh ;EkgBk ehsh rJh.
fJ;/ ;w/I d"okB jh Ffjoh ;EkBe ;GktK,
jkT{f;zr p'ov ns/ d{ihnK ;z;EktK d/
gqki?eNK bJh \zv i[NkT[D tk;s/ jkT{f;zr
n?Iv nopB fvt?bgw?IN ekog'o/FB (j[ve')
dk rmB ehsk frnk. u"Eh gzi ;kbk
:'iBk dh fJe gqw[Zy ftF/Fsk ;h fe
wjKBroK ns/ fJfsjk;e wjZst tkb/
FfjoK bJh ]k; ftZsh stZi' fdsh rJh i'
gzithI gzi ;kbk :'iBk (1974-79) d"okB
th ikoh ojh. fJ; sfjs e'beksk, w[zpJh
ns/ u/BZJh tk;s/ @;zrfms Ffjoh ftek;
:'iBk# w[skpe oewK dh tzvkJh ehsh
rJh fi; ~ e[M j'o fJfsjk;e wjZst
tkb/ FfjoK bJh th wzfBnk frnk.
(http://planning commi ssion.nic.in/
plans/planrel/fiveyr/welcome. html) gzithIgzi ;kbk :'iBk se tZv/ FfjoK dh gqsZy
so\dkoh ehsh rJh, jkbKfe Ffjoh ns/
T[d:'fre fte/IdoheoB dh fpnkBpk}h
:'iBk do :'iBk d[jokJh iKdh ojh
(Fkn 1996L227).
S/thI gzi ;kbk :'iBk ftu S'N/ ns/
dofwnkB/ nkeko (1 bZy s'I xZN nkpkdh)
tkb/ e;p/ fte;s eoB dh b'V #s/ }'o
fdsk frnk. S'N/ ns/ dofwnkB/ e;fpnK
d/ ftek; dh ;zrfms :'iBk (nkJh n?;
vh n?w Nh) e/Ido ;oeko tb'I 1979 ftu
ikoh ehsh rJh. nkJh n?; vh n?w Nh
:'iBk bJh 96 eo'V o[gJ/ dh fBr{Dh
fijh okFh fdsh rJh fi; Bkb S'N/ ns/
dofwnkB/ brGr 200 e;fpnK ~ \kfJdk
gj[zukT[D dk Nhuk fwfEnk frnk (http://planning commission. gov. in/plans/planrel/fiveyr/index6. html).
;ZsthI gzi ;kbk :'iBk ;w/I e[M
wjZstg{oB ;z;Ekrs xNBkeqw j'J/ fiBQK
B/ Gkos ftu Ffjoh ftek; Bhsh ns/
:'iBkpzdh ~ fJe fdFk fdykJh. FfjoheoB
pko/ pD/ okFNoh nk:'r B/ nr;s
1988 ftu nkgDh fog'oN g/F ehsh ns/
65thI ;zftXkBe ;'X d/ Bkw Bkb ikfDnk
iKdk fpb 1989 ftu b'e ;Gk ftu g/F
ehsk frnk fi; ftu nk:'r dhnK f;\koFK
~ Fkfwb ehsk frnk ;h. fJj fpb
;EkBe ;oekoh ;GktK ~ ;zftXkfBe o[spk
d/D tZb gfjbh e'fFF ;h fi; dk T[d/F
fszB gVkth YKuk j'Id ftu fbnkT[Dk ;h
fi; ftu f;yo #s/ e/Ido, ftuekob/ gZXo
#s/ oki ;oekoK ns/ j/mK ;EkBe ;GktK
;B. go fJj fpb oki ;Gk ftu gk;
BjhI j' ;fenk feT[Ife fJ; ~ okiK dh
][dw[yfsnkoh ftu d]b wzfBnk frnk.
fJ; fpb ~ ;zftXkB dh 74thI ;'X d/ o{g
ftu, e[M spdhbhnK Bkb 1992 ftu
g/F ehsk frnk i' ;z;d d/ d'jK ;dBK
tb'I gk; j' e/ wkou 1993 ftu ek~B
d/ o{g ftu bkr{ j' frnk.
nZmthI :'iBk d"okB ftFkb FfjoK
dh :'iBk 1993-94 ftu F[o{ ehsh rJh
fi; ftu gzi wjKBroK, w[zpJh, e'beksk,
u/BZJh, pzrb"o ns/ j?dokpkd nkT[Id/
;B. nkJh n?; vh n?w Nh ;ehw th
fJ; dhnK p[fBnkdh YKu/ d/ ftek;
:'iBktK dhnK ;orowhnK ftu ;[Xko
fbnkT[D bJh, skbw/b dh }o{os j? sK
fe tZv/ FfjoK s'I S'N/ FfjoK tZb gqtk;
tXkT[D bJh o[}rko g?dk eoB ~ T[sFkfjs
ehsk ik ;e/. S'N/ ns/ dofwnkB/ FfjoK
dh G{fwek g/Iv{ nzdo{Bh y/soK ftu ;[Xko
eoB bJh fte;s j' oj/ ftek; e/IdoK
tkbk fusftnk frnk ;h. tZv/ FfjoK d/
wk;No gbkB tKr jh fJj ;[Mkn fdsk
frnk fe y/soh :'iBk S'N/ ns/ dofwnkB/
FfjoK bJh th ekoro j' ;edh j?. fJj
th d/fynk frnk fe g?;/ dh xkN o[ektN
g?dk eodh j? ns/ g?;/ d/ ;o'sK dh,
piN ns/ ;z;Ekrs gqktXkBK s'I fJbktk,
Gkb ehsh ikDh ukjhdh j?. ((http://
planningcommission.nic.in/plans/
planrel/fiveyr/8th/vol2/8v2ch13.htm).
B"thI :'iBk (1997-2002) ftu fJj
w[Zdk ;kjwD/ nkfJnk fe Ffjoh ftek;
:'iBktK dhnK tZy-tZy J/iz;hnK ftukb/
skbw/b g?dk eoB bJh oki gZXoh
FfjoheoB oDBhsh T[bheh ikt/. Gkt/I fe
nZmthI :'iBk dhnK f}nkdkso :'iBktK
B"thI :'iBk ftu ikoh ojhnK, f}nkdk }'o
Ffjoh ;EkBe ;GktK d/ fte/IdoheoB s/
ftZsh ][dw[yfsnkoh #s/ fdsk frnk sK i'
pk}ko nkXkos d]b ;dek w[ekpb/pk}h
4 :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, 2014
ns/ fBg[zBsk ~ T[sFkfjs ehsk ik ;e/.
gfjbhnK :'iBktK fit/I n?B nko nkJh, :{
ph n?; gh ns/ gh n?w nkJh :{ gh Jh
gh ~ fwbk fdsk frnk sK fe ;toB
i:zsh Ffjoh o[}rko :'iBk (n?; i/ n?;
nko tkJh) Bkw dh :'iBk 1 d;zpo
1997 s'I F[o{ ehsh ik ;e/l fJ; :'iBk
dhnK d' T[g-:'iBktK jB (1) Ffjoh
;t?-o[}rko :'iBk ns/ (2) Ffjoh w}d{oh
o[}rko :'iBk. w"i{dk n?B nko tkJh
ns/ gh n?w nkJh :{ th Jh gh :'iBktK
d/ ;t?-o[}rko ns/ w}d{oh o[}rko fjZf;nK
dk fJ; fJefjoh :'iBk sfjs w[V-rmB
ehsk frnk j?. j'o, n?B nko tkJh ns/
gh n?w nkJh :{ th Jh gh dh nk;ok
;[Xko tkb/ fjZf;nK ~ fJe eoe/ okFNoh
M[Zrh-M¯gVh ftek; gq'rokw Bkw dh BthI
:'iBk 1997 ftu bkr{ ehsh rJh (http://planningcommission.nic.in/plans/planrel/fiveyr/9th/vol2/v2c2-2.htm). gofJj :'iBk 2005-06 d/ ftZsh ;kb s'I
pzd eo fdsh rJh j?. fJj ftuko eoBk
th pj[s d[ydkJh j? fe S'N/ ns/ dofwnkB/
FfjoK bJh pj[s xZN g?;k fdsk frnk.
fw;kb d/ s"o s/, nkJh vh n?; n?w Nh
:'iBk sfjs nZmthI :'iBk d/ nk]o se
904 Ffjo ns/ e;p/ nkT[Id/ ;B ns/
fJ; tk;s/ e/Ido tb'I ikoh ehsh rJh
;jkfJsk okFh f;o\ 283H96 eo'V o[gJ/
;h. (http://planningcommission.nic.in/plans/planrel/fiveyr/9th/vol2/v2c2-2.htm). 2001 dh wodwF[wkoh w[skpe4500 nfij/ Ffjoh e/Ido ;B fiBQK ~
S'N/ ns/ dofwnkB/ FfjoK (3 bZy s'I
xZN) tkbh Fq/Dh ftu Fkfwb ehsk ik
;edk ;h. go oew Bk f;o\ p/jZd xZN
;h ;r'I fJ; Fq/Dh ftu S'N/ ns/ dofwnkB/
FfjoK d/ f;o\ gzit/I fjZ;/ ~ Fkfwb ehsk
frnk. nfij/ jkbks ftu fJBQK FfjoK
bJh ftek; e/Ido ti'I ezw eoBk, FfjoheoB
~ T[sFkj d/Dk ns/ d/F ftu y/soh
ftek; ~ T[sFkfjs eoBk ;zGt BjhI j?.
d;thI gzi ;kbk :'iBk (2002-2007)
ftu fJ; ~ ;thekfonk frnk fe
FfjoheoB B/ 1980ftnK ns/ 1990ftnK
ftu nkofEe T[dkoheoB d/ ubfdnK
nkofEe ftek; ~ rsh d/D ftu nfjw
G{fwek fBGkJh. fJj th d/fynk frnk fe
gzi u'Dt/I FfjoK bJh w?rk f;Nh gqki?eN,
S'N/ ns/ dofwnkB/ FfjoK bJh ;zrfms
ftek; :'iBk (nkJh vh n?; n?w Nh)
ns/ rshFhb Ffjoh gkDh g{osh :'iBk
ftu ;hws ;cbsk jh jZE bZrh j?. fJj
th d/fynk frnk fe fJBQK :'iBktK sfjs
y/so ns/ phs/ ftu e/Idoh ;jkfJsk Bk
f;o\ n;kthnK ;r'I Bkek\h ojhnK. fi;
dk ekoB gqfefonk ;zpzXh w[Zd/ ns/ ;hws
piN tzv ;h. p[fBnkdh YKu/ d/ ftek;
bJh w"i{dk ;ehwK fit/I fe nkJh vh n?;
n?w Nh ns/ w?rk-f;Nh gqki?eN, e/Idoh
;jkfJsk dh nDj'Id eoe/, ek\h ;ko/
Ffjo nkgD/ dkfJo/ ftu Fkfwb eoB s'I
n;woE jB. d;thI :'iBk ftu fJj th
d/fynk frnk fe n?B n?; vh gh dh
ekor[}koh th s;Zbhp]F BjhI ojh fi;
dk w[Zy ekoB oki gZXo #s/ fJ; :'iBk ~
bkr{ eoB tkbhnK J/iz;hnK bJh okFh Bk
ikoh j'Dk j?. 2001-02 ftu tkbwheh-
nzp/veo nktk; :'iBk dk nkozG ehsk
frnk sK fe o?D p;/o/ pDkJ/ ikD ns/
w"i{dk o?D p;/fonK ~ rohph o/yk s'I
j/mK ofj oj/ b'eK bJh j'o mhe ehsk ik
;e/. Ffjo d/ nkeko #s/ nkXkos jo/e
fJekJh bJh 20 s'I 30 j}ko dofwnkB
;pf;vh th w[jZJhnk eotkJh rJh. fJ;
sZE ~ th ;theko ehsk frnk fe oki
Go ftu ezw eo ojhnk J/iz;hnK ns/
;GktK, fit/I fe ftek; gqkXheoB, ~
Ffjoh ;EkBe ;GktK Bkb fwbk e/ fJe
T[;ko{ G{fwek fBGkT[D dh b'V j? pikfJ
fe T[BQK ezwK ~ nkgD/ jZE ftu b?Dk i'
Ffjoh ;EkBe ;GktK d/ n]fsnko ftu
nkT[Id/ jB. e[Zb fwbk e/, d;thI :'iBk
ftu }'o fdsk frnk fe b'eszsfoe YKu/
~ w}p{s ehs/ fpBK ns/ Ffjoh ;EkBe
;GktK d/ ;z;Ekrs fBowkD dh nDj'Id
ftu Ffjoh ftek; dk Nhuk gqkgs BjhI
ehsk ik ;edk (http://planning commission.nic.in/plans/planrel/fiveyr/10th/volume2/v2_ch6_1.pdf)
frnkoQthI gzi ;kbk :'iBk (2007-
12) ;w/I Ffjoh Bhsh ns/ :'iBktK ftu
e[M Bt/I gfotosB ehs/ rJ/. Ffjoh
ftek; dhnK gqw[Zy oDBhshnK j/m fby/
nB[;ko jB L
• ;woEk fBowkD ns/ p/jso ftshgqpzXB d[nkok Ffjoh ;EkBe ;GktK ~
w}p{s eoBk.
• fB:wB jNk e/ ns/ }whB dkftek; eoe/ FfjoK dh fBg[zBsk ns/
T[sgkdesk ~ tXkT[Dk.
• Ffjoh p[fBnkdh YKu/ d/ wkwb/ftu iBse y/so dh fJ}ko/dkoh ysw
eoBk ns/ iBse y/so d/ fBt/F bJh
nB[e{b wkj"b f;oiDk.
• ][dw[yfsnko fB:we YKuk
pDkT[Dk sK fe iBse ns/ fBZih y/so d/
ezw #s/ B}o oZyh ik ;e/.
• rohph xZN eoBk.• seBhe ns/ y'i dk tZX s'I tZX
fJ;s/wkb eoBk.
Ffjoh ftek; oDBhshnK d/ g[Bo
ikroD bJh e/Ido ;oeko tb'I d;zpo
2005 ftu itkjobkb Bfjo{ nopB
fofBT{b fwFB :'iBk dh F[o{nks ehsh
rJh fi; dk w[Zy T[d/F F[o{nks ftu 63
FfjoK ftu Ffjoh p[fBnkdh YKuk ns/
;/tktK d/ ;w[Zu/ ftek; bJh fXnkB
e/Idofos eoBk ;h. fJ; dk w[Zy }'o
Ffjoh rohp t;'I ~ p[fBnkdh ;j{bsK
fit/I xo, gkDh, ;k\ ;\kJh, ;VeK, Ffjoh
nktkikJh, nzdob/$g[okD/ Ffjo dk ftek;
eotkT[D #s/ ;h. gfjbhnK :'iBktK
fit/I w?rk-f;Nh, nkJh vh n?; n?w Nh,
:'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, 2014 5
n?B n?; vh gh ns/ th J/ n?w ph J/
tkJh fJ; ftu fwbk fds/ rJ/.
i/ n?B n?B :{ nko n?w w[Zy s"o s/
d' tZv/ GkrK ftu tzfvnk j'fJnk j? L
(1) Ffjoh p[fBnkdh YKuk ns/ ;kXB
bJh T[g-fwFB (:{ nkJh ih) (2) 63
fwFB sfjs nkT[Id/ FfjoK d/ rohpK ~
w[YbhnK ;/tktK w[jZJhnk eotkT[DhnK.
fJ; fwFB s'I pkjo ofj rJ/ Ffjo
ns/ e;p/ Ffjoh p[fBnkdh YKuk ftek;
:'iBk - S'N/ ns/ dofwnkB/ doi/ d/
Ffjo (:{ nkJh vh n?; n?; n?w Nh)
:'iBk sfjs nkT[Id/ jB. ph n?; :{ gh
ns/ n?u nkJh n?; vh gh :'iBk ~ bkr{
eoB bJh wekB ns/ rohph jNkT[D
pko/ wzsokbk B'vb J/iz;h j? i' Ffjoh
rohpK, ]k; eoe/ M[Zrh-M¯gVh ftu ofjD
tkfbnK bJh wekB ns/ w[YbhnK ;j{bsK
gqdkB eodhnK jB. fJ; :'iBk sfjs
d{ihnK p[fBnkdh ;j{bsK fit/I ;k\-;\kJh,
gkDh, ;hto/i, m'; e{Vk-eoeN ~ u[ZeDk
nkfd th gqdkB ehshnk iKdhnK jB. d{i/
gk;/, Ffjoh ftek; wzsokbk i/ n?B n?B
:{ nko n?w sfjs nkT[D tkbhnK :{
nkJh ih ns/ :{ nkJh vh n?; n?; n?w
Nh gq'rokwK dh d/yGkb eodk j?.
i/ n?B n?B :{ nko n?w sfjs
jo/e Ffjo bJh Ffjoh ftek; :'iBk ns/
Ffjo d/ ftek; bJh bzw/ ;w/I dh :'iBk
dh gfoebgBk }o{oh ;h. fJ; w[skpe
Ffjoh ;[XkoK d/ okj ftu o'V/ nNekT[D
tkbhnK nB/e FosK fit/I }whB jZdpzdh
n?eN 1976 ~ ysw eoBk, Ffjoh ;EkBe
;GktK ~ skes d/Dh, ;woEk dk ftek;
ns/ fBrw d/ b/y/-i'y/ ~ bkr{ ehsk
frnk. fJ; sfjs gqki?eNK d/ ftek; ns/
ftZs w[jZJhnk eotkT[D bJh iBse-fBZih
GkJhtkbh bJh fBZih y/so ~ j[bkok d/D
dk th :sB ehsk frnk. frnkoQthI
:'iBk ftu n?; i/ n?; nko tkJh sfjs
o[}rko g?dk eoB ns/ rohph jNkT[D #s/
d[pkok }'o fdsk frnk fi; ftu ftF/F
stZi'I ebk d/ ftek;, ;t?-;jkfJsk ;w{jK
ns/ ;t?-o[}rko bJh bx{-ftZs tb fdsh
rJh. e/ob d/ @e[d[zp;qh# wkvb dh gj[zu
ns/ d/F d/ tZy-tZy GkrK ftu gqufbs
uzrhnk gqEktK$otkfJsK ~ th n?; i/ n?;
nko tkJh sfjs w[Bk;p sohe/ Bkb bkr{
eoBk ;[MkfJnk frnk (:'iBk nk:'r
2008).
frnkoQthI :'iBk d/ nZX/ ;w/I pko/
ehs/ w[ZbzeD ftu fJj wzfBnk frnk fe
Ffjoh ftek; ns/ Ffjoh BthBheoB bJh
i/ n?B n?B :{ nko n?w sfjs p/sjkFk
g?;k b'VhIdk j?. }o{os dk g?;k 3-4 bZy
eo'V o[gJ/ fBoXkos ehsk frnk id fe
i/ n?B n?B :{ nko n?w sfjs ;Zs ;kbK
d/ ;w/I bJh f;o\ 66000 j}ko eo'V
o[fgnk fdsk frnk, i/ n?B n?B :{ nko
n?w d/ 2005-2012 d/ ;w/I bJh.(http:/
/planningcommission.nic.in/plans/mta/
11th_mta/chapterwise/chap18_urban.pdf)
pkoQthI gzi ;kbk :'iBk ftu i/ n?B
n?B :{ nko n?w ~ ;[fdqVQ eoB ns/
Ffjoh ;[XkoK d/ gfog/y ftu fJ; dh tZvh
G{fwek dh ebgBk gq;skfts ehs/ rJ/.
pkoQthI :'iBk ;w/I i/ n?B n?B :{ nko
n?w d/ j/m fby/ w[Zy Gkr jB L
1H Ffjoh p[fBnkdh YKuk ns/ Fk;B
2H okiht nktk; :'iBk
3H okiht nktk; :'iBk s'I pkjo
ofj rJ/ FfjoK ftu M[Zrh-M¯gVhnK dh
w[V-;EkgBk
4H ;woZEk dk ftek;
fJj d/fynk frnk fe :'iBk d/
bkr{ eoB ftu nB/e o[ektNK ftu'I
Ffjoh :'iBkpzdh ~ w[ZyXkok ftu fbnkT[D
dh n;cbsk, nX{o/ ;[Xko ns/ gqki?eN
bkr{ eoB ftu wZmkgB, gqw[Zy jB.
:'iBktK bJh G{wh gqkgs eoB ftu d/oh,
ns/ tZy-tZy fB:we J/iz;hnK e'b'I ;thfeqsh
gqkgs eoB tor/ d{i/ ekoB wZmh ukb
bJh f}zw/tko jB. fJj d/fynk frnk fe
pj[s ;ko/ FfjoK ftu Ffjoh :'iBkpzdh
jkb/ F[o{ jh BjhI j'Jh, fJ; ~ w}p{s
eoB ns/ Gkrhdkoh tkbh pDkT[D dh
b'V j?. Ffjo d/ uko/ gk;/ ns/ Ffjo
dh jZd s'I pkjob/ y/so :'iBkpzdh s'I
pkjo ofj iKd/ jB i' f;o\ Ffjoh
ftek; :'iBkpzdh se f;wN e/ ofj iKdh
j?.
okiht nktk; :'iBk 2 i{B, 2011okiht nktk; :'iBk 2 i{B, 2011okiht nktk; :'iBk 2 i{B, 2011okiht nktk; :'iBk 2 i{B, 2011okiht nktk; :'iBk 2 i{B, 2011
~ nkozG ehsh rJh fi; dk~ nkozG ehsh rJh fi; dk~ nkozG ehsh rJh fi; dk~ nkozG ehsh rJh fi; dk~ nkozG ehsh rJh fi; dk
we;d w'joh gqki?eN sfjs d'we;d w'joh gqki?eN sfjs d'we;d w'joh gqki?eN sfjs d'we;d w'joh gqki?eN sfjs d'we;d w'joh gqki?eN sfjs d'
;kbK d/ ;w/I bJh Gkos ~ M[Zrh-;kbK d/ ;w/I bJh Gkos ~ M[Zrh-;kbK d/ ;w/I bJh Gkos ~ M[Zrh-;kbK d/ ;w/I bJh Gkos ~ M[Zrh-;kbK d/ ;w/I bJh Gkos ~ M[Zrh-
M¯gVh w[es eoBk ;h. e/ IdoM¯gVh w[es eoBk ;h. e/ IdoM¯gVh w[es eoBk ;h. e/ IdoM¯gVh w[es eoBk ;h. e/ IdoM¯gVh w[es eoBk ;h. e/ Ido
;oeko tb'I nk]o ~ 3 ;szpo;oeko tb'I nk]o ~ 3 ;szpo;oeko tb'I nk]o ~ 3 ;szpo;oeko tb'I nk]o ~ 3 ;szpo;oeko tb'I nk]o ~ 3 ;szpo
2013 ~ 2013-2022 d/ ;w/ I2013 ~ 2013-2022 d/ ;w/ I2013 ~ 2013-2022 d/ ;w/ I2013 ~ 2013-2022 d/ ;w/ I2013 ~ 2013-2022 d/ ;w/ I
bJh okiht nktk; :'iBk ~ johbJh okiht nktk; :'iBk ~ johbJh okiht nktk; :'iBk ~ johbJh okiht nktk; :'iBk ~ johbJh okiht nktk; :'iBk ~ joh
Mzvh fdsh rJh. fJ; :'iBk dkMzvh fdsh rJh. fJ; :'iBk dkMzvh fdsh rJh. fJ; :'iBk dkMzvh fdsh rJh. fJ; :'iBk dkMzvh fdsh rJh. fJ; :'iBk dk
w[Zy Nhuk oki ns/ ;EkBe ;oekoKw[Zy Nhuk oki ns/ ;EkBe ;oekoKw[Zy Nhuk oki ns/ ;EkBe ;oekoKw[Zy Nhuk oki ns/ ;EkBe ;oekoKw[Zy Nhuk oki ns/ ;EkBe ;oekoK
~ M[Zrh-M¯gVhnK ftu ;[Xko ns/~ M[Zrh-M¯gVhnK ftu ;[Xko ns/~ M[Zrh-M¯gVhnK ftu ;[Xko ns/~ M[Zrh-M¯gVhnK ftu ;[Xko ns/~ M[Zrh-M¯gVhnK ftu ;[Xko ns/
T[BQK d/ pkfFzfdnK ~ wkbekBkT[BQK d/ pkfFzfdnK ~ wkbekBkT[BQK d/ pkfFzfdnK ~ wkbekBkT[BQK d/ pkfFzfdnK ~ wkbekBkT[BQK d/ pkfFzfdnK ~ wkbekBk
jZe d/D, ebgBk ehs/ rJ/ ftek;jZe d/D, ebgBk ehs/ rJ/ ftek;jZe d/D, ebgBk ehs/ rJ/ ftek;jZe d/D, ebgBk ehs/ rJ/ ftek;jZe d/D, ebgBk ehs/ rJ/ ftek;
~ jk;b eoBk j? feT[Ife Gkos~ jk;b eoBk j? feT[Ife Gkos~ jk;b eoBk j? feT[Ife Gkos~ jk;b eoBk j? feT[Ife Gkos~ jk;b eoBk j? feT[Ife Gkos
dk s/}h Bkb FfjoheoB j' fojkdk s/}h Bkb FfjoheoB j' fojkdk s/}h Bkb FfjoheoB j' fojkdk s/}h Bkb FfjoheoB j' fojkdk s/}h Bkb FfjoheoB j' fojk
j? sK fe j'o M[Zrh-M¯gVhnK j'Idj? sK fe j'o M[Zrh-M¯gVhnK j'Idj? sK fe j'o M[Zrh-M¯gVhnK j'Idj? sK fe j'o M[Zrh-M¯gVhnK j'Idj? sK fe j'o M[Zrh-M¯gVhnK j'Id
ftu Bk nkT[D. fJj :'iBk Ffjoftu Bk nkT[D. fJj :'iBk Ffjoftu Bk nkT[D. fJj :'iBk Ffjoftu Bk nkT[D. fJj :'iBk Ffjoftu Bk nkT[D. fJj :'iBk Ffjo
ftubhnK ;kohnK M[ Zrh-M¯gVhnKftubhnK ;kohnK M[ Zrh-M¯gVhnKftubhnK ;kohnK M[ Zrh-M¯gVhnKftubhnK ;kohnK M[ Zrh-M¯gVhnKftubhnK ;kohnK M[ Zrh-M¯gVhnK
#s/ bkr{ j[ zdh ;h. Gkt/ I T[j#s/ bkr{ j[ zdh ;h. Gkt/ I T[j#s/ bkr{ j[ zdh ;h. Gkt/ I T[j#s/ bkr{ j[ zdh ;h. Gkt/ I T[j#s/ bkr{ j[ zdh ;h. Gkt/ I T[j
;{uhdoi j'D iK Bk (fJ; ftu;{uhdoi j'D iK Bk (fJ; ftu;{uhdoi j'D iK Bk (fJ; ftu;{uhdoi j'D iK Bk (fJ; ftu;{uhdoi j'D iK Bk (fJ; ftu
gSkD ehshnK ns/ wkBsk gqkgsgSkD ehshnK ns/ wkBsk gqkgsgSkD ehshnK ns/ wkBsk gqkgsgSkD ehshnK ns/ wkBsk gqkgsgSkD ehshnK ns/ wkBsk gqkgs
Fkfwb BjhI).Fkfwb BjhI).Fkfwb BjhI).Fkfwb BjhI).Fkfwb BjhI).
Gkt/I e/Ido ;oeko iK fJ; d/ T[geqwK,
;z;d d/ n?eN okjhI pDhnK y[dw[yfsnko
;z;EktK, oki ;oekoK iK fJ; d/ T[geqwK,
Ffjoh ;EkBe ;GktK, fe;/ fBZih J/iz;h iK
fBZih y/so dh }whB #s/ pDhnk j'D.
fJj :'iBk Ffjo d/ :'iBk y/so ftu g?Id/
Ffjoh fgzvK ns/ Ffjoh p/xfonK ns/
gNVh #s/ ofjD tkfbnK #s/ th bkr{ j[zdh
6 :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, 2014
j? (http://mhupa.gov.in/ray/ray_ index.
htm). n?; i/ n?; nko tkJh sfjsFfjoh rohph ftu froktN ns/ o[}rko
g?dk eoB dhnK :'iBktK ftu ;[Xko
pkoQthI :'iBk ;w/I okFNoh Ffjoh o[}rko
fwFB sfjs gq;skfts ehsk frnk ;h.
fJ; dk w[Ybk }'o o[}rko g?dk eoB
tkb/ y/soK ftu ;woZEk ns/ ebk d/
ftek; tZb j't/rk sK fe Ffjoh rohpK ~
\kfJdk gj[zu ;e/.
wkjoK tb'I fJj th d/fynk frnk
fe ;zftXkB dh 74thI ;'X ~ nZX/ nX{o/
wB Bkb bkr{ ehsk frnk j? feT[Ife
;zftXkBe gqktXkBK w[skpe oki ;oekoK
tb'I Ffjoh ;EkBe ;GktK ~ g{oh soQK
;Fes BjhI ehsk frnk. d{i/ gk;/, tZy-
tZy :'iBktK f}nkdk ;cb BjhI j'JhnK
feT[Ife Ffjoh y/so fJefjo/ fB:zsqD ns/
wkbeh j/m BjhI nkT[Id/ ns/ ;EkBe gZXo
#s/ :'iBktK d/ skbw/b dh th xkN j?
(n?u gh Jh ;h 2011L23).
Ffjoh Fk;B ns/ :'iBkpzdh LFfjoh Fk;B ns/ :'iBkpzdh LFfjoh Fk;B ns/ :'iBkpzdh LFfjoh Fk;B ns/ :'iBkpzdh LFfjoh Fk;B ns/ :'iBkpzdh L
nrb/o/ edwnrb/o/ edwnrb/o/ edwnrb/o/ edwnrb/o/ edw
Gkos dh :'iBkpzdh gqfefonk
e/Idohfeqs, T[s'I j/mK se ns/ y/so nkXkos
j?. fJj ;kok e[ZM Ffjoh :'iBkpzdh d/
wkwb/ ftu th ;Zu j? fi; ftu f}nkdk
}'o Ffjoh wekB T[;koh, gkDh dh g{osh,
;k\-;\kJh, M[Zrh-M¯gVhnK dh jkbks ftu
;[Xko, Ffjoh p[fBnkdh YKuk, w?rk-f;Nh
ns/ S'N/ s/ dofwnkB/ FfjoK nkfd #s/
fdsk frnk j?. Gkt/I fe Ffjoh ftek;
oki Bkb ;zpzfXs ftFk j?, sK th ;zrfms
Ffjoh ftek; oDBhsh ns/ :'iBkpzdh d/
wkwb/ ftu oki ;oekoK e'b eoB bJh
f}nkdk r[zikfJF BjhI j?. oki d/ :'iBk
nk:'r$p'ov gfjbK jh oki Ffjoh ftek;
:'iBktK g/F eo u[Ze/ jB ns/ pj[s/
Gkos d/ :'iBk nk:'r #s/ fBoGo jB
fi; ~ ftukoeK d/ ;w{j th fejk iKdk
j?.
d{i/ gk;/, Ffjoh ftek; fJe nfsd{i/ gk;/, Ffjoh ftek; fJe nfsd{i/ gk;/, Ffjoh ftek; fJe nfsd{i/ gk;/, Ffjoh ftek; fJe nfsd{i/ gk;/, Ffjoh ftek; fJe nfs
wjZstg{oB w[Zdk j? feT[Ife FfjohwjZstg{oB w[Zdk j? feT[Ife FfjohwjZstg{oB w[Zdk j? feT[Ife FfjohwjZstg{oB w[Zdk j? feT[Ife FfjohwjZstg{oB w[Zdk j? feT[Ife Ffjoh
y/so brksko p[fBnkdh ;j{bsKy/so brksko p[fBnkdh ;j{bsKy/so brksko p[fBnkdh ;j{bsKy/so brksko p[fBnkdh ;j{bsKy/so brksko p[fBnkdh ;j{bsK
fit/ I fpibh, ghD tkbk gkDh,fit/ I fpibh, ghD tkbk gkDh,fit/ I fpibh, ghD tkbk gkDh,fit/ I fpibh, ghD tkbk gkDh,fit/ I fpibh, ghD tkbk gkDh,
;k\-;\kJh ns/ o;'Jh r?; dh;k\-;\kJh ns/ o;'Jh r?; dh;k\-;\kJh ns/ o;'Jh r?; dh;k\-;\kJh ns/ o;'Jh r?; dh;k\-;\kJh ns/ o;'Jh r?; dh
T[gbpXsk d/ dpkn ftu ofjzd/T[gbpXsk d/ dpkn ftu ofjzd/T[gbpXsk d/ dpkn ftu ofjzd/T[gbpXsk d/ dpkn ftu ofjzd/T[gbpXsk d/ dpkn ftu ofjzd/
jB. ;VeK #s/ GhV, nktkikJh,jB. ;VeK #s/ GhV, nktkikJh,jB. ;VeK #s/ GhV, nktkikJh,jB. ;VeK #s/ GhV, nktkikJh,jB. ;VeK #s/ GhV, nktkikJh,
jtk ns/ ib gqd{FB, e{Vk-eoeNjtk ns/ ib gqd{FB, e{Vk-eoeNjtk ns/ ib gqd{FB, e{Vk-eoeNjtk ns/ ib gqd{FB, e{Vk-eoeNjtk ns/ ib gqd{FB, e{Vk-eoeN
~ fpb/ bkT[Dk ns/ nwB ek~B~ fpb/ bkT[Dk ns/ nwB ek~B~ fpb/ bkT[Dk ns/ nwB ek~B~ fpb/ bkT[Dk ns/ nwB ek~B~ fpb/ bkT[Dk ns/ nwB ek~B
Ffjoh Fk;B bJh fuzsk d/ d{;o/Ffjoh Fk;B bJh fuzsk d/ d{;o/Ffjoh Fk;B bJh fuzsk d/ d{;o/Ffjoh Fk;B bJh fuzsk d/ d{;o/Ffjoh Fk;B bJh fuzsk d/ d{;o/
ftF/ jB. Ffjoh :'iBkpzdh FfjohftF/ jB. Ffjoh :'iBkpzdh FfjohftF/ jB. Ffjoh :'iBkpzdh FfjohftF/ jB. Ffjoh :'iBkpzdh FfjohftF/ jB. Ffjoh :'iBkpzdh Ffjoh
;EkBe ;GktK tb'I ehsh ikDh;EkBe ;GktK tb'I ehsh ikDh;EkBe ;GktK tb'I ehsh ikDh;EkBe ;GktK tb'I ehsh ikDh;EkBe ;GktK tb'I ehsh ikDh
ukjhdh j? fi; ftu Bro fBrwukjhdh j? fi; ftu Bro fBrwukjhdh j? fi; ftu Bro fBrwukjhdh j? fi; ftu Bro fBrwukjhdh j? fi; ftu Bro fBrw
ns/ Bro gzukfJsK th Fkfwbns/ Bro gzukfJsK th Fkfwbns/ Bro gzukfJsK th Fkfwbns/ Bro gzukfJsK th Fkfwbns/ Bro gzukfJsK th Fkfwb
jB fiBQK ~ nkw s"o s/ FfjohjB fiBQK ~ nkw s"o s/ FfjohjB fiBQK ~ nkw s"o s/ FfjohjB fiBQK ~ nkw s"o s/ FfjohjB fiBQK ~ nkw s"o s/ Ffjoh
;EkBe ;GktK nkfynk iKdk j?.;EkBe ;GktK nkfynk iKdk j?.;EkBe ;GktK nkfynk iKdk j?.;EkBe ;GktK nkfynk iKdk j?.;EkBe ;GktK nkfynk iKdk j?.
oki ;oekoK fJBQK dh ;jkfJskoki ;oekoK fJBQK dh ;jkfJskoki ;oekoK fJBQK dh ;jkfJskoki ;oekoK fJBQK dh ;jkfJskoki ;oekoK fJBQK dh ;jkfJsk
eodhnK jB. Ffjoh ;EkBeeodhnK jB. Ffjoh ;EkBeeodhnK jB. Ffjoh ;EkBeeodhnK jB. Ffjoh ;EkBeeodhnK jB. Ffjoh ;EkBe
;GktK ~ ezwK, ftZsh ;o's ns/;GktK ~ ezwK, ftZsh ;o's ns/;GktK ~ ezwK, ftZsh ;o's ns/;GktK ~ ezwK, ftZsh ;o's ns/;GktK ~ ezwK, ftZsh ;o's ns/
][dw[yfsnkoh d/ e/ w}p{sh gqdkB][dw[yfsnkoh d/ e/ w}p{sh gqdkB][dw[yfsnkoh d/ e/ w}p{sh gqdkB][dw[yfsnkoh d/ e/ w}p{sh gqdkB][dw[yfsnkoh d/ e/ w}p{sh gqdkB
eoBh ukjhdh j?. Ffjoh ;EkBeeoBh ukjhdh j?. Ffjoh ;EkBeeoBh ukjhdh j?. Ffjoh ;EkBeeoBh ukjhdh j?. Ffjoh ;EkBeeoBh ukjhdh j?. Ffjoh ;EkBe
;GktK dh gqFk;fBe, gqpzXeh ns/;GktK dh gqFk;fBe, gqpzXeh ns/;GktK dh gqFk;fBe, gqpzXeh ns/;GktK dh gqFk;fBe, gqpzXeh ns/;GktK dh gqFk;fBe, gqpzXeh ns/
seBheh ;woEk th tXkJ/ ikDseBheh ;woEk th tXkJ/ ikDseBheh ;woEk th tXkJ/ ikDseBheh ;woEk th tXkJ/ ikDseBheh ;woEk th tXkJ/ ikD
dh b'V j?. fJj ;gZFN s"o s/dh b'V j?. fJj ;gZFN s"o s/dh b'V j?. fJj ;gZFN s"o s/dh b'V j?. fJj ;gZFN s"o s/dh b'V j?. fJj ;gZFN s"o s/
wzB b?Dk ukjhdk j? fe FfjohwzB b?Dk ukjhdk j? fe FfjohwzB b?Dk ukjhdk j? fe FfjohwzB b?Dk ukjhdk j? fe FfjohwzB b?Dk ukjhdk j? fe Ffjoh
:'iBkpzdh ~ Ffjoh Fk;B Bkb'I:'iBkpzdh ~ Ffjoh Fk;B Bkb'I:'iBkpzdh ~ Ffjoh Fk;B Bkb'I:'iBkpzdh ~ Ffjoh Fk;B Bkb'I:'iBkpzdh ~ Ffjoh Fk;B Bkb'I
fBy/fVnk BjhI ik ;edk.fBy/fVnk BjhI ik ;edk.fBy/fVnk BjhI ik ;edk.fBy/fVnk BjhI ik ;edk.fBy/fVnk BjhI ik ;edk.
ftFkb Ffjoh ;w{jK, i' nB/e fBrw
;GktK se c?b/ j'J/ jB ns/ fgzvK dhnK
i{jK se g[Zi u[Ze/ jB, fJBQK dh :'iBkpzdh
dh f}zw/tkoh ;zftXkB dh 74thI ;'X w[skpe
wjKBroh :'iBk ew/NhnK ~ b?Dh ukjhdh
j?. Gkos d/ p[js/ FfjoK ftu gqGkth
Ffjoh :'iBkpzdh dh rzGho ewh j?.
pj[s ;ko/ tZv/ FfjoK bJh pDkJhnK
:'iBktK t/bk ftjk u[ZehnK jB ns/
Ffjoh t;BheK ns/ ]k; eoe/ Ffjoh
rohpK d/ s"yfbnK dk jZb eodhnK B}o
BjhI nkT[IdhnK. fiE/ :'iBktK ftu ;[Xko
ehsk ik fojk j? iK BthnK pDkJhnK ik
ojhnK jB, sK fJj th ;bkjekoK ns/
seBheh wkjoK d[nkok pDkJhnk ik ojhnK
jB. ;jh noEK ftu :'iBkpzdh ftu
Ffjoh t;BheK ~ th Fkfwb eoBk ukjhdk
j? sK fe T[BQK dhnK b'VK ns/ s"yfbnK
~ ;wfMnk ik ;e/, fJj Gkrhdkoh tkbk
ns/ fte/Idohfeqs j'Dk ukjhdk j?. ;zftXkB
dh 74thI ;'X d/ nB[;ko Ffjoh ;EkBe
;GktK d/ b'eszsoheoB ns/ T[BQK ~
skes d/D dh th b'V j?. Ffjo d/
w/no ~ FeshnK ns/ ekoiK d/ wkwb/
ftu f}zw/tko pDkfJnk ikDk ukjhdk j?.
ftFt d/ pj[s ;ko/ tZv/ FfjoK d/ Fk;B
dh ;wZf;nk ~ u[Dh j'Jh ;EkBe ;oeko
d/ rmB Bkb jZb ehsk frnk j? fi; dk
w[Zyh w/no j[zdk j?. fw;kb d/ s"o s/,
bzdB ns/ fBT{:koe d/ w/no nkgD/
nkgD/ FfjoK d/ oDBhsh Fk;B bJh f;ZX/
itkpd/j jB ns/ T[BQK e'b ek\h ;z;kXB
ns/ okiBhse skesK th jB. id fe
Ffjoh ;GktK e'b skes ns/ ;z;kXB
BjhI jB, oki gZXoh fJekJhnK fit/I Ffjoh
ftek; gqkXheoB B/ n;b ftu Ffjo ~
nkgD/ j/m eo fbnk j? fi; Bkb }whB
ikfJdkd ns/ p[fBnkdh YKu/ ~ j[bkok
fwfbnk j?. d{i/ gk;/, p[fBnkdh ;j{bsK
fit/I gkDh, ;k\-;\kJh, f;Zfynk, f;js
ns/ o?D p;/o/ nkfd nDr"b/ ofj rJ/.
feT[Ife Ffjoh ftek; okiK Bkb ;zpzfXs
w[Zdk j?, oki ;oekoK ~ FfjoK dh G{fwek
~ ;wMDk ukjhdk j? ns/ Ffjoh ;[XkoK
dh F[o{nks eoBh ukjhdh j? sK fe
gqFk;fBe ns/ ftZsh wkwfbnK ftu ;EkBe
;GktK ~ skes fdsh ik ;e/. ;k~
FfjoK dh wB[Zyh ftek; d/ w'joh ti'I
gfoebgBk eoBh ukjhdk j? Bk fe e[ZM
fJe jZEK ftu g{zih d/ iwktV/ ~.
(b/ye gq'c?;o ns/ w[yh, gotk; ns/ Ffjoh
y'i ftGkr, fJzNoB?FBb fJz;NhfuT{N cko
gkg{b/FB ;kfJz;}, w[zpJh j?.)
e-mail :rbbhagat@iips.net
:'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, 2014 7
iht nktk; :'iBk sfjs ;zebg
eoB ns/ ;zukbB eoB ftu
pj[s tZvk yZgk j?, i' e/Ido ;oeko dk
Ffjoh Gkos ~ M[Zrh-M¯gVh w[es eoB
dh fdqFNh tkbh fJe gqw[Zy :'iBk j?.
fJ; B/ tZy-tZy torK ftu tZy-tZy T[whdK
irk fdshnK jB. rohp ns/ p/xo, i'
nk}kdh s'I b? e/ nkgDk S'Nk-w'Nk nkfFnkBk
j'D dk ;[gBk gkbd/ nk oj/ jB, j[D
nk; eod/ jB fe okiht nktk; :'iBk
fJ; ~ jehes ftu pdb d/t/rh. }whB
ikfJdkd dk eko'pko eoB tkbh fJe fXo
j?, i' v/Y djkek gfjbK s"yb/ ftu ;h
fe wekBK tkbk r[pkok cN ikt/rk, fJ;
:'iBk sfjs fJ; y/so ftu tZvhnK S'NK
ns/ gq's;kjB nkT[Id/ t/y oj/ ;B. fJ;
soQK p?IeK wekB T[;koh bJh eo}/ dk
\kfJdk d/ e/ nkgDh soZeh dhnK tZvhnK
;zGktBktK sbkF oj/ ;B.
Gkos ~ M[Zrh-M¯gVh w[es d/yD dh
fdqFNh #s/ ;G s'I f}nkdk w'fjs
Ffjoh wZX tor ns/ ftfFFN tor
;B. T[j ;[y dk ;kj b? oj/ ;B
fe T[BQK d/ FfjoK ftu'I nwB ek~B,
rzdrh ns/ ;k\-;\kJh dhnK ;wZf;nktK
dk ykswk j' ikt/rk, i' nkw s"o s/
M[Zrh-MgVh tkfbnK eoe/ g?dk j[zdhnK
jB. T[BQK dk fJ; Bkb e'Jh ;o'eko
BjhI ;h fe nfijk T[BQK ~ T[E'I
ipod;sh jNkT[D iK fco T[BQK dhnK
M[ZrhnK dh jkbs ;[Xko e/ j't/rk.
okiht nktk; :'iBk dk YKukokiht nktk; :'iBk dk YKukokiht nktk; :'iBk dk YKukokiht nktk; :'iBk dk YKukokiht nktk; :'iBk dk YKuk
ns/ ;zukbBns/ ;zukbBns/ ;zukbBns/ ;zukbBns/ ;zukbB
okiht nktk; :'iBk dh ;wZroh
ns/ fB:wK dk ftfFFN FfjoheoB dh
gZXsh d/ ;zdoG ftu w[ZbzeD eoB dh
b'V j? i' d/F ftu fgSb/ xZN'-xZN fszB
djkfenK s'I uZb fojk j?. itkjo bkb
Bfjo{ Ffjoh BthBheoB fwFB fJe gqGkth
;zdoG fpzd{, n;b ftu okiht nktk;
:'iBk d/ F[o{nksh fpzd{ ti'I ezw eodk
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FfjoK dk ;wkoN ns/ ftFt gZXo #s/
w[ekpb/ tkb/ pDkT[D dh wzr d/ ;zdoG
ftu w[ZbzeD ehs/ ikD dh b'V j?. ]k;
eoe/, FfjoK ftu fJ; fwFB bJh }whB
dh T[gbpXsk, M[Zrh-M¯gVhnK dh ;[oZfynk
M[Zrh-MgVh tkfbnK dh :'rsk ns/ r[zikfJzF
d/ ;zdoG ftu, okiht nktk; :'iBk d/
YKu/ dk w[ZbzeD eoBk nfjw j't/rk (e[zv{
2012). fJBQK uko/ w[ZfdnK dk itkjo
bkb Bfjo{ Ffjoh BthBheoB fwFB tkb/
FfjoK d/ G{r'fbe ftek; ns/ T[; ftu
rohpK d/ fjZ;/ #s/ f;ZXk n;o j't/rk i'
FfjoK d/ nkofEe ;wkt/F ns/ fBg[zBsk
dk Mbekok j't/rk, fi; pko/ j/mK uouk
ehsh ik ojh j?.
}whB dh gqkgsh ns/ ;[oZfynk}whB dh gqkgsh ns/ ;[oZfynk}whB dh gqkgsh ns/ ;[oZfynk}whB dh gqkgsh ns/ ;[oZfynk}whB dh gqkgsh ns/ ;[oZfynk
okiht nktk; :'iBk ftu ;G s'I
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w[\s }whB w[jZJhnk eotkT[Dk j?. i/
e'Jh oki iK Ffjo fJ; :'iBk bJh }whB
w[jZJhnk BjhI eotk ;edk, T[; ~
e/Ido ;oeko e'b'I g?;/ wzrD dk nfXeko
BjhI. ;', w[Zdk fJj j? fe e'Jh ;EkBe
;Gk fpBK bkrs d/ }whB gqkgs eoe/
fet/I w[jZJhnk eotk ;edh j?. e'Jh th
nzdk}k bk ;edk j? fe M[Zrh-M¯gVh
tkb/, i' Ffjoh t;'I dk 18-20 gqfsFs
j[zd/ jB, f;o\ 3-4 gqfsFs Ffjoh }whB
#s/ ekp} jB ns/ fJzBh e[ }whB jk;b
eoBk e'Jh w[Ffeb ezw BjhI. fJE/ fJj
dZ;Dk wjZstg{oB j't/rk fe f}nkdkso
M[ZrhnK Ffjo d/ e/Idoh y/soK ftu ;fEs
jB fiE/ }whB dhnK ehwsK pj[s T[uhnK
jB ns/ fJ; G{-Gkr ~ jfEnkT[D Bjh
seV/ fBfjs ;tkoEh sZs fsnko p?m/ j[zd/
jB.
fJ; Bkb ;zpzfXs ;tkb }whB dh
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75 gqfsFs M[ZrhnK tkbh }whB ~ ;[oZfyns
wzfBnk ikt/ ns/ |?o ;[oZfyns M[Zrh
y/soK ftu fJj 25 gqfsFs s'I tZX BjhI
j'Dh ukjhdh - xoK ~ fes/ ;Ekfgs
eoBk gt/rk. i/ n;b ftu 70 s'I 75
gqfsFs M[ZrhnK tkbh }whB ~ ;[oZfyns
wzB fbnk ikt/ sK d{finK tk;s/ irj
bZGD ftu e'Jh w[Ffeb BjhI j'Dh ukjhdh
feT[Ife T[j ;EkB ftek; MZ[rhnK ftu
;[Xko eoB dk gqw[Zy sohek j't/rk. pkeh
pud/ 25 gqfsFs M[Zrh tk;hnK bJh
}whB bZGDk n"yk BjhI j't/rk feT[Ife
Ffjoh :'iBkpzdhFfjoh :'iBkpzdhFfjoh :'iBkpzdhFfjoh :'iBkpzdhFfjoh :'iBkpzdh
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okokokokok
8 :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, 2014
T[BQK ftu'I pj[fsnK ~ ;[oZfyns n?bkBh
rJh 75 gqfsFs M[ZrhnK tkbh }whB #s/
t;kfJnk ik ;e/rk.
n;b ftu, jehes fpbe[b tZyoh
j?. Ffjo iK oki gZXo #s/, fi; fe;/ th
ftGkr dh }whB #s/ BikfJ} ep}k j'fJnk
j't/, T[j ed/ th nkgDh }whB ~ ;[oZfyns
BjhI n?bkBD d/t/rk. T[j M[Zrh tkfbnK
e'b'I }whB tkg; b? e/ nkgDh tos'I
bJh iK wkbhnk g?dk eoB bJh tosDk
ukj[zDr/. gqEk nB[;ko, id'I fe;/ Ffjo d/
wk;No gkbkB ftu fe;/ }whB dh tos'I
dh ftnkfynk Bk ehsh rJh j't/ T[;
}whB d/ N[eV/ dk e'Jh wkbe Bk j't/,
sK fJ; ~ ;[oZfyns wzfBnk iKdk j?.
pj[s ;ko/ Ffjo, i' okFNoh ns/ ftFt
gZXo s'I g{zih ~ nkeofFs eoBk ukj[zd/
jB, T[j ;[oZfynk d/ w[Zd/ ~ w[Bk\/ dh
fdqFNh s'I t/yd/ jB. T[j }whB dh
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eod/ jB, ns/ Ffjo ftubh iK fJ; dh
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j't/.
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jh BjhI j'D fdsk. fJjh jkb itkjo
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d/ w[Zd/ jZb eoB s'I n;woE j[zd/ jB
fi; dk w[Zy ekoB j/mb/ gZXo #s/ skesto
fBfjs ;tkoE sZsK dh w"i{drh j[zdh j?.
okFNoh ;bkjeko ;fwsh tb'I ;bkj fdsh
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bJh f}bQk nfXekoh iK eb?eNo w[yh j'Dk
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okFNoh ;?Igb ;ot/ s'I M[ZrhnK pko/ gqkgs
nzefVnK d/ nkXko #s/, fJBQK dhnK
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j? sK i' f}nkdk pkoheh Bkb fJBQK dh
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fe e[ZM okiK, fw;kb bJh wjKokFNo,
ftu n";sB 70 gqfsFs se M[ZrhnK
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n?bkB BjhI eodhnK, ;EkBe gZXo #s/
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oki ftu 75 gqfsFs M[ZrhnK ;[oZfyns
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j? fe fJj ;[oZfynk y/so fBZih T[;koh
eoB tkfbnK ~ tgko fjs BjhI fds/ ik
;ed/.
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}whB dh gqkgsh ns/ ;[oZfynk ;zpzXh
;tkb g{osh dhnK ;wZf;nktK Bkb ;zpzX
oZyd/ jB id fe wzr gZy ftu xoK dh
jZedkoh fBoXkos eoBk ns/ T[BQK dh
r[zikfJF d/ w[Zd/ jB. n;b ftu, okiht
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wkbekBk jZe ns/ wekB fdsk ikt/.
pj[s ;kohnK f;tb ;';kfJNh ;GktK dbhb
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}whB jfEnkT[D bJh Bebh dknt/dko
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j'Dk nfjw j?. i/ fJj fe;/ ;oekoh
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jZedkoh ;Ekgs eoB bJh t'No ekov,
okFB ekov, nkXko ekov nkfd ~ }o{oh
d;skt/}K ti'I wkBsk d/t/rk fi; Bkb
fJ; fwFB dk w[Ybk wzst jh ysw j'
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jB.
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ehsk frnk ;h. fJ; bJh T[; tb'I
wjKokFNo ;oeko ns/ w[zpJh Bro fBrw
Bkb ;fj:'r ehsk frnk. T[BQK B/ ;KM/
s"o s/ 16-17 d;skt/}K dh fJe ;{uh
fsnko ehsh fi; ftu fe;/ gs/ #s/ gqkgs
j'fJnk gZso, }whB spdhbh d/ ek|}ks,
vkeNoh fpZb fiBQK #s/ gsk fbfynk j't/
nkfd ~ fJe :'r ;p{s ti'I ftukoB dh
:'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, 2014 9
rZb ehsh rJh ;h. fJBQK ftu'I fe;/ d/
th Bk j'D #s/, i/ 20 xoK d/ ftnesh
fJe ;w{fje w[bkeks ftu fJj gqwkfDs
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;w/I s'I fJ; irj #s/ fBtk; eo fojk j?
sK T[; ~ th ;p{s d/ s"o s/ wzB fbnk
ikt/rk. fJj ;kok e[M fJe ;ot/yD
okjhI ehsk frnk fi; ftu fBrw ;Gk,
oki ;oeko d/ nfXekoh, f;tb ;';kfJNh
;GktK ns/ ;w[dkfJnK B/ Gkr fbnk.
u"jK ftGkrK d/ gqfsfBXhnK tb'I, }whB d/
jZe w[Bk;p xoK ~ d/D d/ gqwkD gZso
#s/ j;skyo ehs/ rJ/.
fJ; ;ot/yD d/ ;zukbB bJhfJ; ;ot/yD d/ ;zukbB bJhfJ; ;ot/yD d/ ;zukbB bJhfJ; ;ot/yD d/ ;zukbB bJhfJ; ;ot/yD d/ ;zukbB bJh
Ffjo ftu M[Zrh-M¯gVh fBtk;h dhFfjo ftu M[Zrh-M¯gVh fBtk;h dhFfjo ftu M[Zrh-M¯gVh fBtk;h dhFfjo ftu M[Zrh-M¯gVh fBtk;h dhFfjo ftu M[Zrh-M¯gVh fBtk;h dh
nkwd dh fJe skohy fBoXkosnkwd dh fJe skohy fBoXkosnkwd dh fJe skohy fBoXkosnkwd dh fJe skohy fBoXkosnkwd dh fJe skohy fBoXkos
eoBh gt/rh, Gkt/I fe fJ; ~eoBh gt/rh, Gkt/I fe fJ; ~eoBh gt/rh, Gkt/I fe fJ; ~eoBh gt/rh, Gkt/I fe fJ; ~eoBh gt/rh, Gkt/I fe fJ; ~
fJe tkoh jh ;hws Bk ehskfJe tkoh jh ;hws Bk ehskfJe tkoh jh ;hws Bk ehskfJe tkoh jh ;hws Bk ehskfJe tkoh jh ;hws Bk ehsk
ikt/. nfij/ ;ot/yD dh gqfefonkikt/. nfij/ ;ot/yD dh gqfefonkikt/. nfij/ ;ot/yD dh gqfefonkikt/. nfij/ ;ot/yD dh gqfefonkikt/. nfij/ ;ot/yD dh gqfefonk
o;wh go Gkrhdkoh tkbh j'Dho;wh go Gkrhdkoh tkbh j'Dho;wh go Gkrhdkoh tkbh j'Dho;wh go Gkrhdkoh tkbh j'Dho;wh go Gkrhdkoh tkbh j'Dh
ukjhdh j? fi; ftu d;skt/}Kukjhdh j? fi; ftu d;skt/}Kukjhdh j? fi; ftu d;skt/}Kukjhdh j? fi; ftu d;skt/}Kukjhdh j? fi; ftu d;skt/}K
dh }o{os ns/ gqfeonktK pko/dh }o{os ns/ gqfeonktK pko/dh }o{os ns/ gqfeonktK pko/dh }o{os ns/ gqfeonktK pko/dh }o{os ns/ gqfeonktK pko/
E'VQh pj[s bue j't/. ;G s'IE'VQh pj[s bue j't/. ;G s'IE'VQh pj[s bue j't/. ;G s'IE'VQh pj[s bue j't/. ;G s'IE'VQh pj[s bue j't/. ;G s'I
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ns/ ;EkBe ;oekoK d/ ;zpzfXsns/ ;EkBe ;oekoK d/ ;zpzfXsns/ ;EkBe ;oekoK d/ ;zpzfXsns/ ;EkBe ;oekoK d/ ;zpzfXsns/ ;EkBe ;oekoK d/ ;zpzfXs
ftGkrK dh Fw{bhns Bkb fJBQKftGkrK dh Fw{bhns Bkb fJBQKftGkrK dh Fw{bhns Bkb fJBQKftGkrK dh Fw{bhns Bkb fJBQKftGkrK dh Fw{bhns Bkb fJBQK
;ot/yDK ~ ek~Bh EkgVk th;ot/yDK ~ ek~Bh EkgVk th;ot/yDK ~ ek~Bh EkgVk th;ot/yDK ~ ek~Bh EkgVk th;ot/yDK ~ ek~Bh EkgVk th
fdsk ikDk ukjhdk j?. ;EkBefdsk ikDk ukjhdk j?. ;EkBefdsk ikDk ukjhdk j?. ;EkBefdsk ikDk ukjhdk j?. ;EkBefdsk ikDk ukjhdk j?. ;EkBe
GkJhukfonK dh Fw{bhns th T[BhGkJhukfonK dh Fw{bhns th T[BhGkJhukfonK dh Fw{bhns th T[BhGkJhukfonK dh Fw{bhns th T[BhGkJhukfonK dh Fw{bhns th T[Bh
jh nfjw j't/rh.jh nfjw j't/rh.jh nfjw j't/rh.jh nfjw j't/rh.jh nfjw j't/rh.
pdfe;wsh ~, itkjo bkb Bfjo{
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:'iBk sfjs M[Zrh-M¯gVhnK pko/ ;ot/yD
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j?. ;ot/yD bJh ;tkbK dh ;{uh fsnko
eoB bJh ns/ wzBD:'r d;skt/}K dh
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ehshnK rJhnK. wkVh fe;ws ~, nB/e
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ekoBK eoe/ ;ot/yD ehs/ rJ/, fi; bJh
d;skt/}K ns/ gqfefonktK dh e'Jh ;{uh
fsnko BjhI ehsh rJh.
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fJe gksosk f;XKs ngDkT[D d/
;zdoG ftu fwFB dh p?Ie dh :'rsk
fJe nfjw fuzsk tkbh rZb ojh j?.
dhge gko/y ;fwsh (ew/Nh cko nc"ov/
pb jkT{f;zr, wekB T[;koh ns/ Ffjoh
rohph jNkT[D, 2004) tb'I r[zikfJF iK
gj[zu tkb/ wekBK ~ pj[s jh y[ZbQ/ o{g
ftu gfoGkfFs ehsk frnk. fJ; tb'I
\?;bk ehsk frnk fe eo}k u[ekT[D bJh
xo tkfbnK ~ wjhB/tko feFs d/Dh
j't/rh i' toswkB ehwsK d/ nkXko #s/,
3000 o[gJ/ j't/rh. i/ n;hI pdBkw j'
u[Zeh 32 o[gJ/ o'}kBk dh rohph o/yk ~
wzB bJhJ/ ns/ T[; ~ ygseko ehws-
;{ueKe Bkb fwbk d/JhJ/ sK fJe n";s
nkeko d/ gfotko dh rohph o/yk w[skfpe,
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p?mdh j?, i/ n;hI fdZbh bJh fB;us
ehws-;{ueKe dh tos'I eohJ/, S'N/ FfjoK
bJh fJj nzeVk 5800 s'I 6000 o[gJ/
ftueko j't/rk. fJj e'Jh pj[s tXhnk
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nZi th fJBQK G?V/ jkbks ftu ihn oj/
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}o{oh j? Bk fe T[j fiBQK ftu 3000
o[gJ/ se gqfs wjhBk eo}k w'VB dh
;woEk j?.
fgSKj ~ fj;kp ehfsnK fJj ;gZFN
j? fe n;b ftu rohp gfotko fJj
wjhB/tko feFs BjhI w'V ;ed/, i' Ffjo
dh j/mbh t;'I dk 30 gqfsFs jB.
B?FBb ;?Igb ;ot/ d/ 2009-10 d/ ygs-
you d/ nzefVnK ~ nkXko wzB e/, fJj
dbhb fdsh ik ;edh j? fe Ffjoh
gfotkoK d/ j/mb/ 30 gqfsFs gfotkoK dh
wjhB/tko eo}k w'VB dh ;woZEk 850
o[gJ/ s'I f}nkdk BjhI j' ;edh, i' T[BQK
d/ |?o ykX gdkoEK d/ e[Zb you d/
brGr pokpo j?. toswkB ehwsK #s/,
fJj nzeVk ;'X e/ 1000 o[gJ/ ehsk
ikt/rk. fJj ;gZFN j? fe 2800-3000
o[gJ/ dh wkf;e ndkfJrh eoB bJh b'VK
dh ;{uh ftu eN"sh eoBh gt/rh. p/FZe,
1000 o[gJ/ dh wkf;e feFs Bkb tZv/
FfjoK ftu Yzr dk xo BjhI fwb/rk, sK
th i/ }whB dh ehws dk Gko iBse
nfXekohnK tb'I u[Zfenk ikt/. i/ fwFB
ftu p?IeK dh :'rsk ftu f\eo j? sK,
okiht nktk; :'iBk sfjs fbnKd/ ikD
tkb/ M[Zrh tkb/ xoK d/ nkeko ~ th
120 tor c[ZN se ;hws eoBk j't/rk.
180 tor c[ZN dk wzBD:'r oepk d/D
bJh ftnki ns/ Brd dh tkX{ ;pf;v
d/Dh gt/rh.
itkjoitkjoitkjoitkjoitkjo bkbbkbbkbbkbbkb Bfjo{Bfjo{Bfjo{Bfjo{Bfjo{ FfjohFfjohFfjohFfjohFfjoh BthBhBthBhBthBhBthBhBthBh-----
eoB fwFB tkb/ FfjoK ftueoB fwFB tkb/ FfjoK ftueoB fwFB tkb/ FfjoK ftueoB fwFB tkb/ FfjoK ftueoB fwFB tkb/ FfjoK ftu
ftfFFN FfjoheoBftfFFN FfjoheoBftfFFN FfjoheoBftfFFN FfjoheoBftfFFN FfjoheoB
65 tZv/ FfjoK #s/ ftuko eofdnK
fiE/ itkjo bkb Bfjo{ Ffjoh BthBheoB
fwFB bkr{ ehsk frnk ;h, n;hI B'N
eoKr/ fe (1) iB;zfynk dh ftek; do
ftu wZmkgB nkfJnk ns/ f}nkdk wjZstg{oB
(2) Ffjoh y/soK ftu M[Zrh tkbh t;'I dk
fjZ;k BkNeh Yzr Bkb xfNnk j?, fit/I fe
2011 dh wodwF[wkoh ns/ B?FBb ;?Igb
;ot/ d/ 69t/I r/V d/ ;ot/yD d/ nzefVnK
s'I B}o nk fojk j?. M[Zrh-MgVh iB;zfynk
dh frDsh ftu froktN ~ FfjoK dh
tXh j'Jh ;k\-;\kJh dh o'FBh ftu
t/yDk ukjhdk j?, fi; ftu M[Zrh-M¯gVhnK
ykbh eotkT[D ns/ fJBQK ~ Ffjo dh
pkjoh ;hwk tZb yd/VBk Fkfwb j?. wkVh
jkbs tkbhnK M[ZrhnK, fiE/ p[fBnkdh
;j{bsK th BjhI jB, ~ s'VB Bkb, mhe
jh M[ZrhnK ftu ofjD tkfbnk d/ ofjD-
;fjD ftu ;[Xko B}o nkt/rk fi; Bkb
p[fBnkdh ;j{bsK se gj[zu oZyD tkb/
ftneshnK dh gqfsFs ftu tkXk j't/rk.
Bkb jh d{ih irj ;Ekgs eoB ns/
10 :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, 2014
Ffjo s'I pkjo eZYD Bkb M[Zrh p;shnK
ftu p[fBnkdh ;j{bsK se f}nkdk gj[zu
;zGt j' ;e/rh.
;ko/ G{r'fbe ;{ueK s'I, itkjo;ko/ G{r'fbe ;{ueK s'I, itkjo;ko/ G{r'fbe ;{ueK s'I, itkjo;ko/ G{r'fbe ;{ueK s'I, itkjo;ko/ G{r'fbe ;{ueK s'I, itkjo
bkb Bfjo{ Ffjoh BthBheoBbkb Bfjo{ Ffjoh BthBheoBbkb Bfjo{ Ffjoh BthBheoBbkb Bfjo{ Ffjoh BthBheoBbkb Bfjo{ Ffjoh BthBheoB
fwFB ;ko/ 65 fwFB FfjoK bJhfwFB ;ko/ 65 fwFB FfjoK bJhfwFB ;ko/ 65 fwFB FfjoK bJhfwFB ;ko/ 65 fwFB FfjoK bJhfwFB ;ko/ 65 fwFB FfjoK bJh
ftfFFN ;kps j'fJnk j?. fJE/ftfFFN ;kps j'fJnk j?. fJE/ftfFFN ;kps j'fJnk j?. fJE/ftfFFN ;kps j'fJnk j?. fJE/ftfFFN ;kps j'fJnk j?. fJE/
iB;zfynk ftek; do d/ Bkb-iB;zfynk ftek; do d/ Bkb-iB;zfynk ftek; do d/ Bkb-iB;zfynk ftek; do d/ Bkb-iB;zfynk ftek; do d/ Bkb-
Bkb rohph ftu th gqsZy froktNBkb rohph ftu th gqsZy froktNBkb rohph ftu th gqsZy froktNBkb rohph ftu th gqsZy froktNBkb rohph ftu th gqsZy froktN
nkJh j?. itkjo bkb Bfjo{nkJh j?. itkjo bkb Bfjo{nkJh j?. itkjo bkb Bfjo{nkJh j?. itkjo bkb Bfjo{nkJh j?. itkjo bkb Bfjo{
Ffjoh BthBheoB fwFB FfjoKFfjoh BthBheoB fwFB FfjoKFfjoh BthBheoB fwFB FfjoKFfjoh BthBheoB fwFB FfjoKFfjoh BthBheoB fwFB FfjoK
d/ G{r'fbe ftek; ftu s/}h Bkbd/ G{r'fbe ftek; ftu s/}h Bkbd/ G{r'fbe ftek; ftu s/}h Bkbd/ G{r'fbe ftek; ftu s/}h Bkbd/ G{r'fbe ftek; ftu s/}h Bkb
j'Jh froktN dk ekoB gqiBDj'Jh froktN dk ekoB gqiBDj'Jh froktN dk ekoB gqiBDj'Jh froktN dk ekoB gqiBDj'Jh froktN dk ekoB gqiBD
;woZEk d/ o[MkB ftu froktN iK;woZEk d/ o[MkB ftu froktN iK;woZEk d/ o[MkB ftu froktN iK;woZEk d/ o[MkB ftu froktN iK;woZEk d/ o[MkB ftu froktN iK
w"s dh do ~ BjhI mfjokfJnkw"s dh do ~ BjhI mfjokfJnkw"s dh do ~ BjhI mfjokfJnkw"s dh do ~ BjhI mfjokfJnkw"s dh do ~ BjhI mfjokfJnk
ik ;edk. fJ; ftnkfynk dkik ;edk. fJ; ftnkfynk dkik ;edk. fJ; ftnkfynk dkik ;edk. fJ; ftnkfynk dkik ;edk. fJ; ftnkfynk dk
e [M fj Z;k fJB Q K FfjoK ftue[M fj Z;k fJB Q K FfjoK ftue[M fj Z;k fJB Q K FfjoK ftue[M fj Z;k fJB Q K FfjoK ftue[M fj Z;k fJB Q K FfjoK ftu
gotk;hnK ~ i}p eoB dh dogotk;hnK ~ i}p eoB dh dogotk;hnK ~ i}p eoB dh dogotk;hnK ~ i}p eoB dh dogotk;hnK ~ i}p eoB dh do
ftu froktN ftu fgnk j?. j'o,ftu froktN ftu fgnk j?. j'o,ftu froktN ftu fgnk j?. j'o,ftu froktN ftu fgnk j?. j'o,ftu froktN ftu fgnk j?. j'o,
B?FBb ;?Igb ;ot/ s'I ekch Go';/B?FBb ;?Igb ;ot/ s'I ekch Go';/B?FBb ;?Igb ;ot/ s'I ekch Go';/B?FBb ;?Igb ;ot/ s'I ekch Go';/B?FBb ;?Igb ;ot/ s'I ekch Go';/
:'r ;p{s fwbd/ jB fe fJe:'r ;p{s fwbd/ jB fe fJe:'r ;p{s fwbd/ jB fe fJe:'r ;p{s fwbd/ jB fe fJe:'r ;p{s fwbd/ jB fe fJe
fwbhnB s' I tZX nkpkdh tkb/fwbhnB s' I tZX nkpkdh tkb/fwbhnB s' I tZX nkpkdh tkb/fwbhnB s' I tZX nkpkdh tkb/fwbhnB s' I tZX nkpkdh tkb/
it kjo b kb B fjo { F fjo hit kjo b kb B fjo { F fjo hit kjo b kb B fjo { F fjo hit kjo b kb B fjo { F fjo hit kjo b kb B fjo { F fjo h
BthBheoB fwFB FfjoK ftuBthBheoB fwFB FfjoK ftuBthBheoB fwFB FfjoK ftuBthBheoB fwFB FfjoK ftuBthBheoB fwFB FfjoK ftu
rohpK dh gqfsFs ek\h xZN j'JhrohpK dh gqfsFs ek\h xZN j'JhrohpK dh gqfsFs ek\h xZN j'JhrohpK dh gqfsFs ek\h xZN j'JhrohpK dh gqfsFs ek\h xZN j'Jh
j?.j?.j?.j?.j?.
okiht nktk; :'iBk d/okiht nktk; :'iBk d/okiht nktk; :'iBk d/okiht nktk; :'iBk d/okiht nktk; :'iBk d/
;zukbB dk gfog/y;zukbB dk gfog/y;zukbB dk gfog/y;zukbB dk gfog/y;zukbB dk gfog/y
:'iBkeko ns/ gqFk;B dofwnkB
fJe XkoBk pDdh ik ojh j? fe tZv/
FfjoK d/ w[ekpb/ S'N/ ns/ dofwnkB/
FfjoK ftu f}nkdk rzGho YKukrs ewhnK
jB, p[fBnkdh ;j{bsK s'I ftoth iB;zfynk
ftu tkXk th f}nkdk j' fojk j?. fJj
;wK e[M Bhsh fsnko eoB tkfbnK ~
wip{o eo/rk fe fJBQK FfjoK ftu fpibh,
gkDh ns/ ;k\-;\kJh dhnK ewhnK ~
jZb ehsk ikt/. tZv/ FfjoK d/ wkwb/ ftu
itkjo bkb Bfjo{ Ffjoh BthBheoB
fwFB ns/ okiht nktk; :'iBk dh ;/X
pdbD dh }o{os j?. itkjo bkb Bfjo{
Ffjoh BthBheoB fwFB tork jh fJe
fwFB F[o{ ehs/ ikD dh c"oh b"V j? fi;
Bkb S'N/ ns/ dofwnkB/ FfjoK ftu
p[fBnkdh ;/tktK d/D ~ w}p{s ehsk ik
;e/. 2011 dh wodwF[wkoh ftu 2800
Bt/I FfjoK dh gSkD ehsh rJh j?, fiBQK
ftu'I f}nkdkso FfjoK ftu |?o-y/sh
;orowhnK dk ftek; ns/ nkofEesk
ftu ftfGzBsk dhnK ;zGktBktK t/yhnK
rJhnK ;B. id'I se fJBQK fJBQK FfjoK
ftu fe;/ soQK dh YKukrs ;jkfJsk
gqdkB BjhI ehsh iKdh, T[j d{i/ FfjoK
dk w[ekpbk eoB ns/ ftek; d/ e/Ido
ti'I T[GoB d/ ekpb BjhI j' ;eDr/. j'
;edk j? nkT[D tkb/ ;kbK ftu T[j
FfjoK d/ fdqF s'I th b'g j' ikD. ftek;
dhnK ;zGktBktK gqdofFs eoB tkb/ ns/
dofwnkB/ FfjoK ~ YKukrs ;jkfJsk
w[jZJhnk eotkT[Dk oDBhsh dk fJe nfjw
nzr j'Dk ukjhdk j? sK i' d/F ftu
;zs[fbs ftek; :ehBh pDkfJnk ik ;e/.
fJj t/yfdnK fe okiht nktk; :'iBk
sfjs ;zebgheoB ns/ ;zukbB tZy-tZy
fdFktK ftu ik oj/ jB, Ffjoh ns/
okFNoh gZXo #s/ :'iBkekoK dofwnkB
okps/ dh fJe rzGho ewh ftykJh d/ ojh
j?. ;EkBe gZXo #s/ }whB d/ wkbe
ftGkrK tb'I T[; ;EkB ;[Xko ~ w[ZY'I jh
oZd eo fdsk frnk j?. Ffjo ns/ fJ;
d/ nkb/-d[nkb/ }whB d/ wkbe ftGkrK
tb'I M[Zrh-M¯gVh tkbh }whB ~ fJe iK
d{;ok pjkBk pDk e/ |?o ;[oZfyns eoko
d/ fdsk frnk j?. d{i/ gk;/, M[Zrh fBtk;h
fe;/ th d{ih EK ik e/ ][F BjhI. fJ;
ftu T[BQK dk nkgDk ;tkoE th j?. fJBQK
n;b jehesK ~ fXnkB ftu oZyfdnK
Gkos ~ M[Zrh-MgVh w[es eoB dk okFNoh
;[gBk jk;b eoBk n;zGt j' frnk j?.
ns/ jkb/ th, fJj ikfDnk-gSkfDnk ;Zu
j? fe 60 s'I 70 gqfsFs }whB ~ ;[oZfyns
n?bkfBnk ik ;edk j?, s'I 3 wz}bhnK,
uzr/ fv}kJhB tkbhnK fJwkosK T[;ko
e/ toswkB Bkb'I 2 s'I 3 r[Dk t;'I ~
T[E/ t;kfJnk ik ;edk j?. fJj fwFB
Gkrhdkoh tkb/ YKu/ nXhB ;zukfbs ehsk
ikDk ukjhdk j?. T[;ko/ ikD tkb/ M[Zrh
tk;hnK dh Fw{bhns Bkb, T[BQK dhnK
b'VK ns/ r[zikfJF w[skpe T[;ko/ ikD/
ukjhd/ jB fi; bJh ;oekoh ;pf;vhnK
th }o{oh jB. Gkt/I fe fBZih T[;koh
eosktK dh G{fwek ~ B}o nzdk} BjhI
ehsk ik ;edk, ]k; eoe/ tZv/ FfjoK
ftu, fiE/ }whB dh ewh j?. go fJBQK ~
rohpK d/ Bkw #s/ pj[-wzf}bk fJwkosK
T[;koB dh nkfrnk BjhI d/Dh ukjhdh
fi; ~ T[j pk}ko ftu t/u ;eD.
okiht nktk; :'iBk d/ d' gqw[Zy nzr
jB - gfjbk wekB ns/ d{ik p[fBnkdh
YKuk ns/ p[fBnkdh ;j{bsK. pdfe;wsh
~, itkjo bkb Bfjo{ Ffjoh BthBheoB
fwFB nXhB fJBQK d'BK ftukb/ ;zs[bB
BjhI oZfynk frnk ns/ rohpK bJh p[fBnkdh
;j{bsK dh :'iBk (ph n?; :{ gh) pdb
e/ pj[-wzf}bh xoK dh :'iBk tZb ubk
frnk. ;wM nk ;edh j? fe fJj
f}nkdkso xo rohpK dh gj[zu s'I pkjo
jB ns/ f}nkdk wjZstg{oB, ;o'sK dh
ewh ekoB fJj :'iBktK ;ko/ Ffjo ftu
bkr{ BjhI ehshnK ik ;edhnK .
;kvk wzBDk j? fe M[Zrh tkfbnK ~
xo d/D dh rzGho e'fFF eoBh ukjhdh
j?, fwFB bJh w[cs }whB d/Dh ukjhdh
j?, xoK dh ehws #s/ 50 gqfsFs ;pf;vh
d/Dh ukjhdh j? ns/ ;G s'I tZX T[;ko/
j'J/ oep/ dk nkeko 180 ns/ 200
tor c[ZN d/ ftueko fBoXkos eoBk
ukjhdk j? sK i' gfotkoK bJh eo}k
tkg;h r[zikfJF ftu j' ;e/.
(b/ye iowBh ftubh :{Bhtof;Nh nk\
t[J/o}por fty/ noEuko/ dk gq'\?;o j?.)
e-mail :akundu.jnu@gmail.com
:'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, 2014 11
Ffjoh :'iBkpzdhFfjoh :'iBkpzdhFfjoh :'iBkpzdhFfjoh :'iBkpzdhFfjoh :'iBkpzdh
Gkosh FfjoK ftu g/Iv{nK ~ w[]ksp j'DkGkosh FfjoK ftu g/Iv{nK ~ w[]ksp j'DkGkosh FfjoK ftu g/Iv{nK ~ w[]ksp j'DkGkosh FfjoK ftu g/Iv{nK ~ w[]ksp j'DkGkosh FfjoK ftu g/Iv{nK ~ w[]ksp j'Dk
Bo/Ido gkBhBo/Ido gkBhBo/Ido gkBhBo/Ido gkBhBo/Ido gkBh
os ftu Bhsh ;zpzXh rZbpks
FfjoK ns/ fgzvK ftukb/ fJe
fsZyh beho fyZudh fdykJh d/ ojh j?.
;ZsoftnK ftu Gkosh Bhsh fBowksktK #s/
Ffjo gZyh j'D d/ fJb}kw brd/ oj/
(fbgNb, 1977), fpbe[b T[t/I fit/I jkbhnk
ezwK ~ fgzvK tZb f}nkdk t}B fdzd/
nkfynk frnk j? (f;tkokwkfeqFBB, 2011).
go, i/ n;hI ftFtheoB s'I gq/fos ;ojZdK
pko/ rZbpks ~ fXnkB ftu fbnkJhJ/ sK
fJj t/yDk w[Ffeb BjhI j't/rk, nfijh
em'o jZdpzdh ~ g{oh soQK ikfJ} BjhI
mfjokfJnk ik ;edk. ;k;ehnk ;?FB
ftuko g/F eod/ jB fe ;ojZdK ~ d'
gqeko tzfvnk ik ;edk j?. @@gfjbk, fe
;ojZd T[sgkd, ftnesh ns/ fJe :zso
ftu iVh j'Jh j? L fJe rshFhb gqfsfBXh
;ojZd d/ nfjw gZyK ~ nksw;ks eodk
j?. d{ik j?, fe ;ojZd d/ ftfGzB ;EkB
j' ;ed/ jB, Gkt/I ;zrmB d/ nzdo iK
nzsookFNoh y/so ftu.## (;?;B 2006,
gzBk 416). ;ojZd dhnK fJj d't/I fe;wK
FfjoK ns/ fgzvK ftu w"i{d jB fijk fe
s/}h Bkb fte;s j' oj/ Gkosh FfjoK s'I
t/fynk ik ;edk j?. fgzvK Bkb w}p{s
;zpzX oZyD tkb/ fijV/ b'e FfjoK ftu
o[}rko dh Gkb eod/ jB, ne;o nkgD/
Bkb fgzvK d/ sZs b? e/ nkT[Id/ jB.
FfjoK ns/ fgzvK ftukb/ ;ojZd dhnK
fJe s'I tZX EktK pD iKdhnK jB id'I
Gkosh FfjoK dk ftnkge ftek; j[zdk j?,
fit/I-fit/I Ffjo fte;s j[zd/ iKd/ jB,
fgzvK ~ nkgD/ ftu i}p eod/ iKd/
jB. Ffjoh e/IdoK ftu i}p j'D d/
djkfenK pknd se th w{b g/Iv{ y/so
nkgDk g/Iv{ ]k;k poeoko oZy ;ed/ jB.
g/Iv{gB fco Gkosh FfjoK ftu rfjoh
soQK oufwu iKdk j?, fJE'I se fe FfjoK
ftu fgzv dh G{fwek dh ;gZFNsk s'I fpBK
n;hI T[BQK ~ ;wM jh BjhI ;ed/.
Gkosh FfjoK ftu fgzvK d/ gqGkt
ftu d' tZy-tZy jZdK dh rZbpks
Fkfwb j[zdh j?. fJe fpbe[b ;EkJh,
i' ;w'J/ j'J/ fgzv ns/ Ffjo ftukb/
ns/ fJ; d/ nkb/-d[nkb/ d/ ftek;
ns/ fJ; d/ nzdo th ns/ d{ih jZd
e[M d{o fgzvK ns/ FfjoK ftukb/,
fJe nfijh jZd i' Ffjo ftu dk]b
j'D tkb/ ftneshnK ns/ T[BQK d[nkok
fbnKd/ ik oj/ T[sgkdK ftu Goh
j[zdh j?. fJ; rZbpks dh ;zy/g fijh
iKu gVskb th, fit/I fe fJ; gou/
ftu ehsh rJh j?, fJj ;gZFN eo
fdzdh j? fe Ffjoh jkbks s/ fgzvK
ftu xND tkbhnK xNBktK dk n;o
g?Idk j?. fJe gqGkth Ffjoh Bhsh
fgzvK ~ B}onzdk} BjhI eo ;edh.
;zy/g ftu, fJ; gou/ ftu fJeZb/
Gkosh Ffjo, pzrb"o #s/ fXnkB
e/Idfos ehsk ikt/rk.
FfjoK nzdob/ fgzvFfjoK nzdob/ fgzvFfjoK nzdob/ fgzvFfjoK nzdob/ fgzvFfjoK nzdob/ fgzv
fJj nk; eoBh e[EK j't/rh fe
fgzvK d/ FfjoK ftu ;wk ikD dh rshFhbsk
;ko/ Gkos ftu fJe' fijh j't/rh. FfjoK
ns/ i}p j'D tkb/ fgzvK ftu th, fJe
fpbe[b tZyo/ GftZy bJh ikDekoh seBheh
gkoe fte;s eoB ns/ fBowkD fJekJhnK
;Ekgs eoB ;zpzXh, wsG/d j' ;ed/
jB. go nfijh gqfefonk dh fJe T[dkjoD
#s/ B/fVT[I Mks wkoBk bkj/tzd j't/rk sK
i' ;k~ nzdo{Bh jkbks pko/ ukBD j' ;e/
fiBQK ~ nB[Gt d/ nkXko #s/ d{;o/
jkbks ns/ FfjoK ftu gofynk ik ;edk
j?. pzrb"o d/ fgzvK dh eZgVk fBo:ks
T[d:'r d/ ;zdoG ftu Ffjo ftu Fw{bhns
fJBQK gZyK dh fJe T[dkjoD g/F eodh
j?. n"osK dh pj[sks tkb/ eZgVk ekfwnK
dh pzrb"o ftu fJe ftF/F ]k;hns j?
T[BQK d/ ezw eoB d/ jkbks ns/ ofjD
d/ jkbks ftu pj[s tZvk \oe. pzrb"o
d/ eZgVk fBo:ks T[d:'r ftu ezw eoB
tkbhnK n"osK d/ xoK d/ jkbks eko]kB/
nzdob/ jkbks ns/ pzrb"o dh ftFt
gZXo #s/ Sph ftu tZv/ \oe tZb fJFkok
eod/ jB. 2009 ftu B?FBb fJz;NhfuT{N
nk\ n?vtK;v ;NZvh}, pzrb"o (n?B
nkJh J/ n?;) tb'I eotkJ/ ;ot/yD ftu
fJBQK n"osK tb'I ;kjwDk ehs/ ikD tkb/
jkbks pko/ fBohyD ehsk frnk. skfbek-
1 ftu n"os ekfwnK ns/ T[BQK d/ xoK
d/ jkbks fpnkB ehs/ rJ/ jB. n"os
ekfwnK tb'I ehsh ewkJh Bkb T[j rohph
o/yk s'I T[s/ nKehnK iKdhnK jB, go
f;o\ fJj jh ek\h BjhI j?. pj[shnK
n"os w}d{oK d/ gfotkoK e'b nkgDk
GkGkGkGkGk
12 :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, 2014
wekB BjhI j? ns/ T[j f;o\ feokJ/ d/
wekB ftu jh ofjzdhnK jB. T[d:'rK
ftu tX/o/ x;kJh-o[bkJh do ekoB w}d{o
pko-pko T[d:'r pdbd/ jB. pzrb"o
ftu iBse nktkikJh dhnK wfjzrhnK
doK B/ ekfwnK ~ g?db ub e/ eko]kfBnK
se gj[zuD bJh wip{o eo fdsk j?.
fJ; dk wsbp id'I T[j B"eoh pdbd/
jB sK Bshi/ ti'I T[BQK ~ xo th pdbD/
g?Id/ jB sK i' T[j ezw tkb/ ;EkB #s/
g?db g[Zi ;eD. ekw/ fijV/ xo feokJ/
#s/ b? ;ed/ jB, T[j th xNhnk ukdoK
dhnK SZsK tkb/ j[zd/ jB. fJBQK ;;s/
xoK ftu nkw s"o s/ gkDh dk Bbek
BjhI j[zdk ns/ F"ukbk th d{;o/ xoK Bkb
;KMk j[zdk j?. fJj fpBK fe;/ ;j{bs d/
ukdoK dh SZs tkb/ xo ftu s{V/ gJ/
j[zd/ jB. fJBQK xoK d/ gzi ftu'I 4
fjZf;nK ftu n";sB fJe ewo/ ftu d' s'I
f}nkdk ftnesh fBtk; eod/ jB ns/
31 gqfsFs xoK ftu fszB s'I tZX ftnesh
ofjzd/ jB.
nfij/ xZN ehws tkb/ xoK dh,
FfjoK d/ brksko tXd/ }whB ikfJdkd
d/ eko'pko dofwnkB w"i{drh pzrb"o dh
fgzvK ~ FfjoK ftu Fkfwb eoBk nokiesk
dk Bshik j?. fit/I fe 1970 ns/ 1980
d/ G{wh nfXrqfjD d/ nfXekfos w[ZbzeD
ftu d/fynk frnk ;h, fJ; gqfefonk ~
d' ek~BK Bkb T[sFkj fwfbnk - eoBkNe
fJz;Nqhnb J/ohnk} fvt?bgw?IN n?eN, 1966
ns/ pzrb"o fvt?bgw?IN nEkfoNh n?eN,
1976 fiBQK ekoB G{wh nfXrqfjD eoB
tkbhnK ;z;EktK j'Id ftu nkJhnK (oftzdok,
1989). eoBkNe Td:'fre y/so ftek;
p'ov d/ pDB Bkb y/shpkVh tkbh G{wh
~ nfXrqfjD eoe/ fBZih T[d:'rK ~
;¯gDk ;"yk j' frnk. pzrb"o ftek;
gqkfXeoB B/ fojkfJFh ekb'BhnK pDkT[D
bJh }whB gqkgs ehsh fi; ~ Gkn Bkb'I
fes/ f}nkdk #s/ d[pkok t/u fdsk frnk.
pknd tkb/ ;"fdnK ftu fJ; }whB ~
fes/ tZX Gkn #s/ th t/funk frnk.
y/shpkVh tkbh }whB gqkgs eoB Bkb
pzrb"o Ffjo ftu Fkfwb ehs/ rJ/ fgzvK
dk nkofEe w[jKdok pdb frnk.
y/shpkVh Xzd/ ~ tZvk MNek bZrk.
;gZFNsk Bkb ;theko eoBk nfjw
j't/rk fe fJBQK fgzvK ftu jo/e
d/ ;kjwD/ fJj u[B"shnK BjhI ;B.
p/}whfBnK d/ jkbks }whB wkbeK Bkb'I
fpbe[b tZyo/ ;B. p/}whfBnK d/ feZs/
ftu spdhbh dk wsbp ;h y/sh nkXkos
w}d{oh s'I FfjoK d/ tZy-tZy ezwK bJh
ukb/ gkT[D/. ns/ T[BQK e'b }whB wkbeK
~ joikB/ dk fwbD tkbk \kfJdk th
BjhI ;h. fit/I fe r'bvw?B dbhb fdzd/
jB, @@g/Iv{ f}zdrh ~ }whB tkb/ ns/
p/}whB/ wkbeK ftu tzvDk, fi; ftu
gfjb/ ~ }whB SZv/ Ffjoh gqki?eNK bJh
nfXrqfjD eoB pdb/ w[nkt}k fwbdk
j?, fgzvK dhnK ;wkfie, ;fGnkukoe
ifNbsktK ns/ o'}h-o'Nh dhnK oDBhshnK
~ j'o ew}'o eoB tZb s'o fdzdk j?
(r'bvw?B, 2011, gzBk 568). pzrb"o d/
nkb/-d[nkb/ d/ fgzvK ftu fe;kBK dh y/sh
dh fe;w ~ d/yfdnK j'fJnK, p/}whB/
]k; s"o s/ tZvk ;w{j BjhI ;B (gkBh,
1983). y/so dh fe;kBh y/sh dh w[Zy
ftF/Fsk S'N/ fe;kBK dh tZvh frDsh ;h
fiBQK ftu e[M XBkv fe;kB th ;B.
fe;kBK d/ gqG[st ~ d/yfdnK j'fJnK
fijV/ }whB wkbeK ~ w[nkt}k fdsk
frnk, T[j tZvh frDsh ftu ;B, Gkt/I fe
Fkfwb ehs/ rJ/ fgzvK d/ pj[s/ xo fJ;
ftu Fkfwb BjhI ;B. fJ; eoe/, pzrb"o
bkrb/ Fkfwb ehs/ rJ/ pj[s/ fgzvK ;kjwD/
nukBe y/sh tkbh }whB y[Z;D ns/ |?o-
y/shpkVh tkb/ XzfdnK ~ bZGD dh u[B"sh
;h.
pj[s/ wkwfbnK ftu fiBQK e'b y/sh
tkjh tkbhnK }whBK ;B, T[j nkgD/
;hws fij/ w[nkt}/ ~ T[Go oj/ Ffjoh
noEuko/ ftu fBt/F eoB bJh jZE-g?o
wkoB bZr/ fi; ftu fe;/ tkjB dk
ukbe pDBk ns/ otkfJsh v/noh Xzd/ ~
j'o c?bkT[Dk Fkfwb ;h. fgzv ftu puh
|?o-y/shpkVh tkbh }whB th wjZstg{oB
pD rJh, Gkt/I ;hws wksok ftu jh
;jh. fJ; }whB bJh ]k; s"o s/ fgzvK
bJh pDkJ/ fB:w jh bkr{ j[zd/ ;B Bk
fe nkb/ d[nkb/ d/ FfjoK tkb/. fJBQK
fB:wK sfjs fJ; }whB d/ wkbe ;;s/
ns/ GhV/ xo pDk ;ed/ ;B i' rohpK
dhnK b'VK g{ohnK eod/ ;B ns/ fJj
gqfefonk jw/Fk ek~B d/ dkfJo/ ftu BjhI
;h. fit/I fe beFwh ;qhfBtk; B/ 1991
ftu B'N ehsk, @@pzrb"o Ffjo dh nZXh s'I
tZX }whB fBrw d/ eo d/ dkfJo/ s'I
pkjo j? (;qhfBtk;, 1991, gzBk 2484).##
fgzvK d/, pzrb"o Ffjo dk fjZ;k
pDB tkbh ifNb pdbkn dh gqfefonk
ftu, g/Iv{ gqGkt ~ B}onzdk} eoBk
skfbek-1
pzrb"o eZgVk fBo:ks T[d:'r ftu ezw eoB tkbhnK n"osK d/ xoK dk o/yk-fuZso
feokJ/ tkb/ xoK dk nB[gks 87H5
ukdoK iK d{;o/ xNhnk ;wZroh dhnK SZsK tkb/ xoK dk nB[gks 64H8
ezw d/ ;EkB s'I d' feb'whNo d/ x/o/ nzdo nkT[Id/ xoK dk nB[gks 78H2
jo ewo/ ftu d' iK d' s'I tZX ftnesh ofjD tkb/ xoK dk nB[gks (o;'Jh ;w/s) 81H5
jo ewo/ ftu 3 iK 3 s'I tZX ftnesh ofjD tkb/ xoK dk nB[gks (o;'Jh ;w/s) 31H4
F"ukbk s'I pr?o xoK dk nB[gks 76H1
gkDh d/ ;o's s'I pr?o tkb/ xoK dk nB[gks 73H0
;o's L n?B nkJh J/ n?; dk 2009 ftu eZgVk ekfwnK pko/ ehsk ;ot/yD
:'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, 2014 13
w[Ffeb j? i' fJ; pdbkn s'I pknd th
w"i{d ofjzdk j?. fgzvK ftu g[okD/ }whB
wkbeK d/ ;w{j jB fiBQK e'b }whB j?
ns/ fBZih fXoK s'I \kfJdk T[mkT[D dk
gqGkt j?. fJ;/ ;w{j e'b rohpK bJh
xNhnk fe;w d/ xo fBowkD eoB dk
th \kfJdk j?. fJik}s b?D dh b'V, iK
id'I nfijh fJik}s dh b'V Bk j't/ sK
nfXekohnK tb'I w{zj c/o b?Dk, fJ; Bkb
fJBQK ;w{jK ns/ T[Go ojh okiBhse
iwks ftukb/ fJe rfjok ;zpzX ;Ekfgs
j' iKdk j?.
Ffjo s'I pkjo tkb/ fgzv - T[j
;Nhe sohek, fi; ftu T[sgkd ns/ b'e
w[ekpbsB d{o d/ fgzvK ns/ FfjoK dh
jZdpzdh pko/ rZbpks eod/ jB, fJ; d/
eJh o{g j' ;ed/ jB. ed/-edkJhI n"os
ekfwnK d/ gfotko, gsh dh fgzv ftu
w"i{d }whB d/ fjZ;/ d/ nBki dh gqkgsh
eod/ jB. i' gfjoktk n"osK gfjBdhnK
jB, T[j th T[BQK dh fgzvK ns/ FfjoK dh
gSkD d/ skbw/b dk ;{ue j?, Gkt/I fe
T[BQK d/ e[M Ffjoh t;so - ]k; eoe/
oks ~ gfjBD tkbk u'rk fi; ~ Ffjo
ftu eJh tko fdB ftu bzw/ ;w/I bJh
gfjBdhnK jB - fJj fgzvK ftu jw/Fk
fJ;s/wkb BjhI ehsk ik ;edk. fgzvK s/
FfjoK dk gqGkt ns/ FfjoK s/ fgzvK d/
gqGkt dh wksok ~, fBZih ftnesh d/
wkfXnw okjhI, fJ; ;ztkd #s/ fBoGo
eodk j?. fJj dbhb fdsh rJh j? fe
Ffjoh xo fgzvK s'I FfjoK tZb ~ gqtk;
dh F[o{nksh nkXko dh G{fwek fBGkn
;ed/ jB. fJBQK xoK ftu ne;o T[j
ftnesh ofjzd/ jB i' FfjoK ftu nkgD/
g?o iwkT[Dk ukj[zd/ jB. fJBQK xoK
tk;s/ @;w{je xo# Fpd dh tos'I ehsh
rJh j? i' T[BQK xoK tZb fJFkok eodk
j? fiE/ nfij/ ftnesh ofj oj/ jB i'
w{b gfotko dk Gkr BjhI ;B (gkBh,
2010). ns/ pzrb"o d/ eZgVk T[d:'r
ftu bZrhnK n"osK d/ 40 gqfsFs xo
fJ; fB:w #s/ g{o/ T[sod/ jB. fJBQK
;w{fje xoK ftu gsh-gsBh d/ f;o\
B/Vb/ foFs/dko jh Fkfwb BjhI jB
fit/I fe T[BQK d/ fgsk, wksk, Gok ns/
G?DK ;r'I d{o d/ foFs/dko ns/ fgzv d/
ftnesh th Fkfwb jB.
Gkt/I fe ;w{fje xo g/Iv{ ns/ Ffjoh
;zpzXK tZb fJFkok BjhI eod/, fJ; ;zpzX
dh shposk ~ gqtk; d/ o;s/ s'I go/ ikD
tkb/ ;zpzXK dh o'FBh ftu t/fynk ik
;edk j?. fgzvK ns/ FfjoK ftu f}nkdk
B}dheh ;zpzX T[BQK wkwfbnK ftu pDdk
j? fiE/ Ffjo ftu ezw eo ojhnK
wktK nkgD/ pZfunK ~ fgzvK ftu SZv
fdzdhnK jB. 2009 d/ n?B nkJh J/ n?;
;ot/yD ftu fJj y[bk;k j'fJnk fe
gzit/I fjZ;/ s'I tZX n;o ftu 22H5 gqfsFs
pzrb"o d/ eZgVk T[d:'r ftu ezw eo
ojhnK n"osK d/ 15 ;kb iK fJ; s'I xZN
T[wo d/ pZu/ nkgDhnK wktK Bkb BjhI
ofjzd/ fiBQK dk fXnkB oZyD bJh fgzvK
ftu SZv fdsk iKdk j?. nfij/ wkwfbnK
ftu n"os w}d{oK tb'I ne;o FfjoK
ns/ fgzvK ftukb/ ;ojZd pko/ rZbpks
ehsh rJh. n;b ftu, wK s'I d{o ofj
oj/ pZu/ ~ n;hI Ffjoh ns/ fgzv d/ ekw/
d/ ;zpzXK dh rfjokJh ns/ shposk d/
gqfsfBX ti'I fJ;s/wkb eo ;ed/ jK.
n"osK tb'I nkgD/ pZfunK ~ fgzvK
ftu SZvD dh XkoBk ~ ;wMD bJh
fijV/ sZs fJ; #s/ gqGkt gkT[Id/ B}o
BjhI nkT[Id/ T[j th T[B/ jh G/s y'bQD
tkb/ j' ;ed/ jB. fJ; sZs dk wjZst
ikDB bJh n;hI T[; sZs d/ nkXko
#s/ pZfunK iK T[BQK dhnK wktK d/
;w{j pDkJ/ ns/ tyo/t/I d/ w[ZbzeD dk
fJ;s/wkb ehsk sK i' T[; sZs d/ wjZst
dk nzdk}k brkfJnk ik ;e/. skfbek-2
;k~ nB/e sZsK pko/ d;Zdh j? fijV/ fJ;
sZs ~ gqGkfts eo ;ed/ jB, fit/I fe
w}d{o dk Ffjo ftu nkofEe ns/ f;Zfynk
dk o[spk, fJj gqw[Zy sZs BjhI jB i'
pZfunK ~ fgzvK ftu SZvD d/ \?;b/ dk
fBoXkoD eod/ jB. f;Zfynk ns/ wktK
dh nkwdB dk gZXo pZfunK ~ fgzvK ftu
SZvD d/ nzefVnK #s/ nkXkos wjZstg{oB
ekoB BjhI ;B.
fJ; ;G e[M s'I ;G s'I \?;bke[zB
gqGkt pZu/ ns/ wK dh T[wo dk ;h. gzi
;kb iK fJ; s'I xZN T[wo d/ 35 gqfsFs
pZu/ nkgDh wK Bkb BjhI ofjzd/. fJj
nB[gks 11 s'I 15 ;kb d/ T[wo ;w{j
ftu xN e/ 14 gqfsFs ofj frnk.
wktK d/ wkwb/ ftu th 20 ;kb iK fJ;
s'I xZN T[wo d/ 40 gqfsFs pZu/ nkgDhnK
wktK s'I d{o ofj oj/ ;B. fJj nB[gks
tZX T[wo tkbhnK wktK d/ wkwb/ ftu
nB[gkse s"o s/ xN frnk fi; sfjs
40 ;kb s'I tZX T[wo dhnK f;o\ 4
gqfsFs wktK nkT[IdhnK ;B. fJj gZXsh
skfbek-2
pzrb"o d/ eZgVk fBo:ks T[d:'r ftu ezw eo
ojhnK n"osK d/ pZfunK d/ fBtk; ;EkB ftu fGzBsk
dk w[ZbzeD
sZs n?`c nB[gks 5 gqfsFs
dh do
Bkb wjZst
wK dh f;Zfynk 0H78605 BjhI
IwK dh nkwdB 2H77847 BjhI
SZs dh fe;w 0H75084 BjhI
gkDh 0H94756 BjhI
ApZu/ dh T[wo 9H90545 jK
AwK dh T[wo 5H44606 jK
wK d/ pzrb"o ftu 23H84444 jK
ofjD d/ ;kb
ezw d/ ;EkB s'I \k;bk 4H14329 jK
r[;b]kBk 8H66739 jK
Xow 8H50309 jK
iksh ;w{j 5H01136 jK
wK p'bh 6H72962 jK
;o's L n?`B nkJh J/ n?`; dk eZgVk w}d{oK pko/
2009 dk ;ot/yD pkeh ;\k 16 T[`s/pkeh ;\k 16 T[`s/pkeh ;\k 16 T[`s/pkeh ;\k 16 T[`s/pkeh ;\k 16 T[`s/
14 :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, 2014
Ffjoh :'iBkpzdhFfjoh :'iBkpzdhFfjoh :'iBkpzdhFfjoh :'iBkpzdhFfjoh :'iBkpzdh
;wkoN FfjoK dh :'iBkpzdh L F[o{ feE'I eohJ/<;wkoN FfjoK dh :'iBkpzdh L F[o{ feE'I eohJ/<;wkoN FfjoK dh :'iBkpzdh L F[o{ feE'I eohJ/<;wkoN FfjoK dh :'iBkpzdh L F[o{ feE'I eohJ/<;wkoN FfjoK dh :'iBkpzdh L F[o{ feE'I eohJ/<
n?`; uzdoF/yo, fBjkfoek t?IeN/Fn?`; uzdoF/yo, fBjkfoek t?IeN/Fn?`; uzdoF/yo, fBjkfoek t?IeN/Fn?`; uzdoF/yo, fBjkfoek t?IeN/Fn?`; uzdoF/yo, fBjkfoek t?IeN/F
thI ;oeko d/ ftek; d/ wkvb
ftu fJe nzr ;wkoN FfjoK
d/ fBowkD dk ftuko j?. 10 i[bkJh,
2014 ~ g/F ehs/ piN ftu e/Idoh ftZs
wzsoh B/ 100 ;wkoN FfjoK d/ fBowkD
bJh piN ftu 7060 eo'V o[gJ/ okyt/I
ehs/. wzsoh B/ tZv/ FfjoK d/ T[grqfj
FfjoK ti'I 100 ;wkoN Ffjo pDkT[D
bJh @ftek; dh fdqFNh# dh rZb ehsh
ns/ w"i{dk dofwnkB/ nkeko d/ FfjoK d/
nkX[fBeheoB dh th rZb ehsh.
uzrk j[zdk i/ piN ftu e[Zb nB[wkBs
bkrs ns/ ;wK ;hwk dh th rZb ehsh
j[zdh sK i' w[ZbzeD ehsk ik ;edk fe
b'VhId/ ;kXB tzv/ rJ/ jB iK BjhI< fJ;
ewh dk ekoB fJe Ffjo ~ ;wkoN
pDkT[D bJh b'VhId/ fBt/F dh n;gZFNsk
j' ;edk j?.
ejkDh ~ j'o nZr/ s'oB s'I gfjbK,
fJj B'N eoBk ukjhdk j? fe d[BhnK Go
ftu ;wkoN FfjoK pko/ uZb ojh ekBkc{;h
d/ pkti{d, ;wkoN Ffjo dh e'Jh ;gZFN
gfoGkFk BjhI fwbdh. ;Zuh rZb sK fJj
j? fe pj[s ;kohnK nkg; ftu i[VhnK
XkoBktK ~ Ffjo d/ ;zdoG ftu gqufbs
eo fdsk frnk j?. fJBQK ftu Fkfwb
jB L f;oiDkswe, ;zuko, fv}hNb, Jh-
Fk;s, T[dwh, j[fFnko ikDekoh nkfd.
fJj XkoBktK }o{oh BjhI fe nkg; ftu
ftF/F j'D id fe ;{uBk ns/ ;zuko
seBhe (nkJh ;h Nh) dh Fesh ~ tos'I
ftu fbnkT[Dk fJBQK ;kohnK XkoBktK d/
nB[e{b j?. ;{uBk s/ ;zuko seBhe dh
XkoBk ~ ftek; bJh tos'I ftu fbnkT[Dk
@dfj;dh ftek; Nhu/# ftu th ;gZFN
ehsk frnk j?. n;b ftu, nZmt/I @dfj;dh
ftek; Nhu/# ftu soZeh dh g?V BZgD
bJh oZy/ NhfunK ftu'I fJe fBZih y/so
Bkb ;fj:'r eoB ns/ BthnK seBheK,
]k; eoe/ ;{uBk ns/ ;zuko seBheK d/
\kfJfdnK ~ T[gbpX eotkT[Dk j?. Gkos
;oeko d/ w[ZbzeD nB[;ko fJ; Nhu/ ~
jk;b eoB bJh ;jh o;s/ #s/ j?.
b'eK bJh ;wkoN FfjoK dkb'eK bJh ;wkoN FfjoK dkb'eK bJh ;wkoN FfjoK dkb'eK bJh ;wkoN FfjoK dkb'eK bJh ;wkoN FfjoK dk
eh wsbp j?, fJj p/FZe uoukeh wsbp j?, fJj p/FZe uoukeh wsbp j?, fJj p/FZe uoukeh wsbp j?, fJj p/FZe uoukeh wsbp j?, fJj p/FZe uouk
dk ftFk j?. go r[ioks fJzNo-dk ftFk j?. go r[ioks fJzNo-dk ftFk j?. go r[ioks fJzNo-dk ftFk j?. go r[ioks fJzNo-dk ftFk j?. go r[ioks fJzNo-
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ftF/FsktK ~ geV ftu fbnkT[Dk,ftF/FsktK ~ geV ftu fbnkT[Dk,ftF/FsktK ~ geV ftu fbnkT[Dk,ftF/FsktK ~ geV ftu fbnkT[Dk,ftF/FsktK ~ geV ftu fbnkT[Dk,
gqwkDs eoBk ns/ ;wMDk ;"ykgqwkDs eoBk ns/ ;wMDk ;"ykgqwkDs eoBk ns/ ;wMDk ;"ykgqwkDs eoBk ns/ ;wMDk ;"ykgqwkDs eoBk ns/ ;wMDk ;"yk
j?. n;bh u[B"sh ;ko/ t;BheKj?. n;bh u[B"sh ;ko/ t;BheKj?. n;bh u[B"sh ;ko/ t;BheKj?. n;bh u[B"sh ;ko/ t;BheKj?. n;bh u[B"sh ;ko/ t;BheK
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dh gqfefonk b'ew[yh j'Dh ukjhdhdh gqfefonk b'ew[yh j'Dh ukjhdhdh gqfefonk b'ew[yh j'Dh ukjhdhdh gqfefonk b'ew[yh j'Dh ukjhdhdh gqfefonk b'ew[yh j'Dh ukjhdh
j?. ;gZFN ftuko FfjoK ~ b'eKj?. ;gZFN ftuko FfjoK ~ b'eKj?. ;gZFN ftuko FfjoK ~ b'eKj?. ;gZFN ftuko FfjoK ~ b'eKj?. ;gZFN ftuko FfjoK ~ b'eK
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]kek g/F eodk j?.]kek g/F eodk j?.]kek g/F eodk j?.]kek g/F eodk j?.]kek g/F eodk j?.
;wkoN FfjoK iK p;shnK dh XkoBk
fJe gqfefonk j? Bk fe fJe Nhuk ns/
fJ; dh fJ; ftF/Fsk B/ fJj gZek eo
fdsk j? fe ;wkoN Ffjo dh e'Jh fJe
gqtkBs gfoGkFk BjhI j?. ;', fJe ;wkoN
Ffjo dk Jh-Fk;B j't/rk, pBktN ns/
gqpzXB ftu ;[Xko bJh fBozso Nhu/ oZy/
ikDr/, tksktoB gZyh ftek; bJh :'iBkpzdh
j't/rh ns/ ;w{fje nktkikJh w[yh ftek;
j't/rk, FfjohnK bJh ;t?ukfbs gqfefonk
d/ \kfJd/ ns/ T[BQK d/ \kfJd/ bJh
gq'rokwK dk ftek;.
F[o{ ftu, fe;/ Ffjo ~ ;wkoN
pDkT[D bJh b'e w[yh seBheK fte;s
eoBhnK j'DrhnK. ftek; bJh nkJh
;{uBk s/ ;zuko seBhe dh Fesh ~
tosD dh XkoBk, ]k; eoe/ gkodoFsk
ns/ Fk;B ftu ;[Xko, fJj Gkos bJh
Bt/I BjhI jB ns/ fJj ftuko ;wkoN
Ffjo fte;s eoB d/ ;zebg s'I gfjbK
dk j?. Gkos dh Jh-Fk;B :'iBk dh
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d[nkok nkw nkdwh ~ T[; d/ w[jZb/ ftu
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:ehBh pDkT[Dh, gkodofFsk ns/ nfijhnK
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Fkfwb j? sK fe nkw nkdwh dhnK
p[fBnkdh b'VK g{ohnK ehshnK ik ;eD.##
fJ; :'iBk dh 4041 ftXkBe FfjoK,
3894 wodwF[wkoh tkb/ FfjoK, 475
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:'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, 2014 15
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fJj :ehBh pDkJ/rh fe jo/e gqFkfBe
fJekJh Jh-Fk;s j't/rh. fJ; ~ jk;b
eoB bJh w[ZYbh Fos g/Iv{ y/so ftu
fJzNoB?N dh ;j{bs d/Dk j? ns/ piN
ftu @fv}hNb Gkos# bJh 500 eo'V
o[gJ/ okyt/I oZy/ rJ/ jB. ;zy/g ftu, Jh-
Fk;B fJe nfijk edw j? fi; tk;s/
;oeko gfjbK jh gqfspZX j' u[Zeh j?, i'
fJe nfijk whb gZEo j? i' ;wkoN o?D-
p;/fonK d/ fBowkD bJh jk;b eoBk
nfs }o{oh j?.
feT[Ife Jh-Fk;B dh d/F Go ftu
F[o{nks j' ojh j?, jo/e xo ~ ;wkoN
pDkT[D bJh ezw eoBk f}nkdk Y[etK
j't/rk, pikfJ fe 100 FfjoK ~ ;wkoN
Ffjo pDkT[D #s/ jh fXnkB e/Idfos ehsk
ikt/. F[o{nks bJh 10,000 s'I tZX nkpkdh
tkb/ 4862 fgzvK ~ ;wkoN fgzv pDkfJnk
ik ;edk j?. fJ; sfjs Gkos dh
brGr 8H6 gqfsFs iB;zfynk nk ikt/rh.
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;edh j? i' Ffjo dh i{j d/ B/V/ jB.
fJ; sfjs g/Iv{ y/so dh Bkb brdh
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fgzv ns/ FfjoK-e;fpnK B/Vb/ fgzv ;w/I
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:'iBkpzdh fJe tXhnk ftuko j?. Fk;B
d/ fdqFNhe'D s'I fJBQK fgzvK ~ ;wkoN
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gzukfJs :'iBk sfjs fbnKdk ik ;edk
j?. fJj :'iBk gzukfJs d/ ;zukbB d/
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;wkfie fj;kp-feskp ns/ Bkrfoe ;j{bsK
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:'iBk ~ ;wkoN FfjoheoB d/ T[d/F dh
:'iBkpzdh bJh tofsnk ik ;edk j?.
e/Ido ;oeko B/ ;{uBk s/ ;zuko seBkb'ih
ftu j'Jh soZeh ~ Jh-f;js ns/ Jh-
f;Zfynk d/ wkvb fte;s eoB bJh
tosD dh e'fFF ehsh j?. fJj edw
fgzvK ~ fXnkB ftu oZy e/ T[mkJ/ ikD/
ukjhd/ jB. fdZbh, w[zpJh, T[d:'fre
bKx/ torhnK :'iBktK Bkb th ;[w/b
j'Dk ukjhdk j?.
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Ffjo ;wkoN pD ;e/. fJjFfjo ;wkoN pD ;e/. fJjFfjo ;wkoN pD ;e/. fJjFfjo ;wkoN pD ;e/. fJjFfjo ;wkoN pD ;e/. fJj
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s'I :'iBkpzdh tkbh ;'uh ik ;edhs'I :'iBkpzdh tkbh ;'uh ik ;edhs'I :'iBkpzdh tkbh ;'uh ik ;edhs'I :'iBkpzdh tkbh ;'uh ik ;edhs'I :'iBkpzdh tkbh ;'uh ik ;edh
j?, fJe nrkT{I s"o s/ o'eD tkbhj?, fJe nrkT{I s"o s/ o'eD tkbhj?, fJe nrkT{I s"o s/ o'eD tkbhj?, fJe nrkT{I s"o s/ o'eD tkbhj?, fJe nrkT{I s"o s/ o'eD tkbh
oDBhsh i' ftek; bJh :'iBkpzdhoDBhsh i' ftek; bJh :'iBkpzdhoDBhsh i' ftek; bJh :'iBkpzdhoDBhsh i' ftek; bJh :'iBkpzdhoDBhsh i' ftek; bJh :'iBkpzdh
tkbh j't/rh Bk fe p/fB:w/ Ffjohtkbh j't/rh Bk fe p/fB:w/ Ffjohtkbh j't/rh Bk fe p/fB:w/ Ffjohtkbh j't/rh Bk fe p/fB:w/ Ffjohtkbh j't/rh Bk fe p/fB:w/ Ffjoh
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oDBhsh. nZi ;oeko tb'I u[Ze/oDBhsh. nZi ;oeko tb'I u[Ze/oDBhsh. nZi ;oeko tb'I u[Ze/oDBhsh. nZi ;oeko tb'I u[Ze/oDBhsh. nZi ;oeko tb'I u[Ze/
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jB tkb/ Bk fe nrkT{I s"o s/jB tkb/ Bk fe nrkT{I s"o s/jB tkb/ Bk fe nrkT{I s"o s/jB tkb/ Bk fe nrkT{I s"o s/jB tkb/ Bk fe nrkT{I s"o s/
o'eD tkb/.o'eD tkb/.o'eD tkb/.o'eD tkb/.o'eD tkb/.
;szpo 2011 ftu :{;\ w/jokbh
:kdrkoh GkFB fdzfdnK Gkos d/ T[g-
okFNogsh w[jzwd jkfwd nz;koh B/ Ffjoh
Fk;B ns/ ;/tktK w[jZJhnk eotkT[D ftu
;[Xko dhnK u[B"shnK pko/ rZb ehsh.
T[BQK tb'I fJ; ;zdoG ftu T[mkJ/ rJ/ d'
w[Zd/ gq;zfre jB. wkD:'r T[g-okFNogsh
tb'I T[mkfJnk frnk gfjbk B[esk ;h fe
@@fBt/F dh wksok ns/ T[BQK d/ nwb
bJh :'iBktK dh u'D okiBhse fyZu-X{j
ns/ nkofEe dpktK dh fFeko ojh j?.
id fe e[ZM nkb'ue ;kvhnK Ffjoh EktK
dh @ftfFFN geV# dh rZb eod/ jB,
d{i/ gSsktk eod/ jB fe @S/eD tkb/#
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jh T[mk oj/ jB i' d{finK bJh jkBhekoB
j? ns/ ;o'sK dh w[jko tZv/ wjKBroK
tZb w'Vh ik ojh j?. f;ZN/ ti'I, S'N/ ns/
dofwnkB/ Ffjo p[fBnkdh YKu/ d/ ftek;
ns/ }o{oh ;/tktK gqdkB eoB bJh b'VhId/
ftZs s'I tKM/ ofj iKd/ jB. d{ik, T[BQK B/
f}eo ehsk fe, @@;kv/ Ffjoh ;EkB ns/
;oekoh szso okiBhse MrfVnK ns/
nkofEe ;zxoFK d/ wzu pD rJ/ jB.
;kv/ Ffjoh ;EkBK ~ ;[XkoK ~ T[sFkfjs
eoB ns/ nfij/ ;[XkoK dk fto'X eoB
bJh tofsnk frnk j?. e[ZM iBse-fBZih
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ukj[zd/ jB, fi; ftu ;oeko dh G{fwek
wfj} fJe fB:we iK ;jkfJsk eoB
tkbh j't/rh, d{i/ efjzd/ jB fe fJj
;wkfie ns/ nkofEe BkpokpohnK dk
;z;EkBheoB eo d/t/rk.## ;', ;oeko B/
fJj ;gZFN eoBk j? fe T[j fet/I :ehBh
pDkt/rh fe FfjoK d/ tk;hnK ~ p[fBnkdh
;j{bsK gqdkB eoBk fet/I :ehBh pDkfJnk
ikt/. ;oeko ~ Bk f;o\ toswkB
FfjohnK ~ ;j{bsK dh xkN dk jZb
eoBk gt/rk, ;r'I GftZy ftu j'D tkb/
iB;zfynk tkX/ ~ th fXnkB ftu b?Dk
gt/rk. n;b ftu, itkjo bkb Bfjo{
Ffjoh BthBheoB fwFB d/ fjZ;/ ti'I
fsnko ehshnK rJhnK Ffjoh ftek;
:'iBktK ftu FfjoK d/ GftZyh iB;zfynk
tkX/ dk e'Jh nzdk}k BjhI bkfJnk frnk.
fJj ;k~ ;wkoN o?D p;/o/ d/ nrb/
Gkr tZb b? e/ iKdk j? fi; dk ;zpzX
pD/ j'J/ tksktoB ns/ p[fBnkdh ;j{bsK
se gj[zu :ehBh pDkT[D Bkb j?.
2011 dh Gkos dh wodwF[wkoh d/
nzefVnK w[skpe, e[Zb 13H75 fwbhnB
xoK tkb/ M[ZrhnK ftu ofjzd/ jB, wsbp
Gkos d/ 17 gqfsFs Ffjoh t;Bhe
M[ZrhnK ftu ofjzd/ jB. fJj gqfsFs j'o
th tX ;edh j? i/ M[ZrhnK tor/ jkbks
ftu ofjD tkb/ Ffjoh xoK d/ nzeV/
fsnko eo bJ/ ikD. 2011 ftu, 4041
ftXkBe FfjoK ftu'I 63 gqfsFs ftu
16 :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, 2014
M[ZrhnK j'D dh ikDekoh fwbh j?. r/NK
nzdo ofjD tkb/ ;w[dkfJ ns/ GhV
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~ ;wkoN pDkT[D dk ftuko pVk p/s[ek
fijk brdk j?. FfjoK ftu ofjD tkb/
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pkbD, fit/I bZeV, \;bK dh ofjzd-y{zjd,
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iKdk j?. fJj ;wkoN T{oik u'D BjhI j?
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fJZSk oZyD tkb/ fe;/ th Ffjo iK e;p/
~ fJj :ehBh pDkT[D tZb ezw eoBk
j't/rk fe p[fBnkdh G"fse YKuk w"i{d
j't/. fJ; s'I pknd jh seBhe B[e;kB
~ o'eD ns/ tZy'-tZy ehwsK ftu ;jkfJe
j' ;e/rh. ;', Ffjoh Gkos d/ ;zdoG
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eoe/, ;tkb fJj g?dk j[zdk j? fe fBrw
;/tktK dh r[DtZsk ftu ;[Xko fet/I j't/<
;wkoN \?;b/ b?D d/ ;zdoG ftu,
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se xZN jB i' ;wkoN fjzd;k gqDkbhnK
~ ;/tktK dh rshFhb bkrs #s/ ubkT[DhnK
f}nkdk ftjkoe jB. go fJ; dk fJj
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BkrfoeK dk ;FesheoB ftjkoe BjhI
j?. SZsh;rVQ torhnK e[ZM oki ;oekoK
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eo e/ iBse tzv gqDkbh d/ ezw eki
ftu ;[Xko fbnkT[D dh e'fFF ehsh j?.
okJ/g[o ftu fBZih ftneshnK ~ nkgDh
g;zd dh iBse tzv gqDkbh d[ekB u[DB
dk nfXeko fdsk frnk j? ns/ fwE/ gZXo
s'I T[bN xZN wksok ftu okFB nkfd
yohdD dh bue th fdsh rJh j?. fJe
s'I d{ih okFB dh d[ekB se okFB ekov
pdbD dh ;j{bs B/ rkjeK dh ;zs[FNsk
ftu tkXk ehsk j?. i/ Gkos dk jo/e
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tzv gqDkbh d/ ;zukbB ftu tZvk ;[Xko j'
;edk j?. nzsookFNoh gotk;hnK ns/
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dh ;j{bs fJe soeg{oD ;kXB j' ;edk
j?. i/ nkgD/ nkb/-d[nkb/ Mks wkohJ/ sK
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~ ;EkJh pDkT[D dh j? sK fe fJ; dk
bkG ;koh t;'I ~ fwb ;e/. fJ; gqfefonk
ftu, fJe |?o-;wkoN ns/ p/eko Ffjo
th ;wkoN, fBg[zB ns/ T[sgkde pD
;edk j?.
(b/ye uzdo F/yo fJzdok rKXh fJz;NhfuT{N
nk\ fvt?bgw?IN oh;ouo, w[zpJh fty/
n?;';hJ/N gq'c?;o j? ns/ fBjkfoek t?IeN/F
nkJh vh nkJh vh nko ftu ps"o y'ieko
ezw eo ojh j?.)
e-mail :chandra@igidr.ac.in :niharikavk@gmail.com
fJ; rZb tZb fJFkok eodh j? fe itkB
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;fj:'r fdsk frnk.
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\?;b/ ftukb/ fJe gqw[Zy ;zpzX }o{o ;h.
fJj ;zGt j? fe n"os tb'I oks ~ nkgD/
pZfunK ~ ;KM/ r[;b]kB/ ftu fbikT[D
dh fJ; \?;b/ ftu nfjw G{fwek j't/.
fgzv ftub/ xo ~ ;jkfJe gqDkbh
ti'I tosD dh fJe n"os w}d{o dh
:'rsk ;ko/ ;wkfie ;w{jK ~ pokpo
T[gbpX BjhI ;h. fJj j'o Xkofwe
;w{jK d/ w[ekpb/ fjzd{nK tb'I tZv/ gZXo
#s/ fJ;s/wkb ehsh rJh ns/ fjzd{nK ftu
th fJ; pko/ ek\h \oe fojk. fJj sZE
fe nB[;{fus ikshnK e'b fgzvK ftu T[Bk
p[fBnkdh YKuk BjhI j[zdk fi; nk;o/ T[j
n"os d/ Ffjo ftu ;Ekgs j'D se
pZfunK ~ fgzvK ftu oZy ;eD, fJj g/Iv{
iksh doikpzdh dh fJe T[dkjoD j? i'
Ffjoh pzrb"o dh ofjD-;fjD dh gZXsh
#s/ n;o nzdk} j[zdh j?.
pzrb"o ns/ Gkos d/ pj[s FfjoK
ftu fgzvK dk gqGkt pj[-nk:kwh j?. fJj
gqGkt Ffjo dhnK G{r'fbe jZdK d/ nzdo
ns/ e[M d{o t;/ fgzvK ftu th T[sgzB j'
;edk j?. fJe gqGkth Ffjoh Bhsh T[BQK
;ko/ w[ZfdnK ~ jZb eo/rh i' Gkosh
FfjoK #s/ n;o eod/ jB, Gkt/I fJj w[Zd/
d{o d[okv/ d/ g/Iv{ y/soK ftu jh g?dk
j'D.
(b/ye gq'c?;o, B?FBb fJz;NhfuT{N nk\ nvtK;
;NZvh}, pzrb"o j?.)
e-mail :narendar.pani@gmail.com
;\k 13 dh pkeh;\k 13 dh pkeh;\k 13 dh pkeh;\k 13 dh pkeh;\k 13 dh pkeh
:'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, 2014 17
Ffjoh :'iBkpzdhFfjoh :'iBkpzdhFfjoh :'iBkpzdhFfjoh :'iBkpzdhFfjoh :'iBkpzdh
Gkosh FfjoK bJh ikoh ofjD:'r ftZs-gqpzXBGkosh FfjoK bJh ikoh ofjD:'r ftZs-gqpzXBGkosh FfjoK bJh ikoh ofjD:'r ftZs-gqpzXBGkosh FfjoK bJh ikoh ofjD:'r ftZs-gqpzXBGkosh FfjoK bJh ikoh ofjD:'r ftZs-gqpzXB
nkBzd ;j;okBwB ns/ ftF~ gq;kdnkBzd ;j;okBwB ns/ ftF~ gq;kdnkBzd ;j;okBwB ns/ ftF~ gq;kdnkBzd ;j;okBwB ns/ ftF~ gq;kdnkBzd ;j;okBwB ns/ ftF~ gq;kd
os ftu fBrwK d/ ftZs dh
gSkD g?;/ ns/ ;EkBe ;oekoK
d/ ekoiK ftukb/ brksko uZbD tkb/
sDkn d/ o{g ftu ehsh iKdh j?. Gkosh
FfjoK e'b you/ dhnK b'VK g{ohnK eoB
bJh wkbhnk fJeZmk eoB d/ ;kXB Bkek\h
jB. id fe 74thI ;zftXkBe ;'X Bkb
;EkBe ;oekoK ~ ezw eoB dh ek\h
][dw[yfsnkoh fdsh rJh, go fJ; d/
pokpo fdsh ikD tkbh ftZsh ][dw[yfsnkoh
wkw{bh ;h. ;zftXkB dh 74thI ;'X sfjs,
fBrw ;GktK tb'I ehs/ ikD tkb/ 18
ezwK ftu'I, nZX/ s'I xZN tk;s/ ftZsh ;o's
T[gbpX j?. ;EkBe ;oekoK oki ;oekoK
dh ;gZFN Bkw}{oh s'I fpBK Bk sK eo
dhnK doK fBoXkos eo ;edhnK jB
ns/ Bk jh fJBQK ~ fJeZm/ eoB dk
nkXko. oki ;oekoK fe; jZd se ;EkBe
;oekoK dh ftZsh ][dw[yfsnkoh ~ brkw
gk ;edhnK jB, fJj fJ; rZb s'I ;gZFN
j' iKdk j? fe eJh w"fenK #s/ oki
;oekoK ;EkBe ;oekoK bJh nkgD/ wkbhJ/
d/ ;o'sK ~ ysw eo fdzdhnK jB, T[j
th wkbhJ/ d/ pdbt/I ;kXBK dk gqpzX
ehs/ fpBK fit/I fe id'I oki;EkB ns/
jfonkDk B/ ;EkBe ;oekoK Bkb fpBK
wFtok ehs/ ikfJdkd eo ysw eo
fdsk, iK id'I gzikp B/ fpBK ;bkj
ehfsnK ikfJdkd eo dh jZd fJzBh T[`uh
fBoXkos eo fdsh fe brGr d' fsjkJh
ikfJdkdK ikfJdkd eo d/ dkfJo/ s'I
pkjo j' rJhnK. go fBrwK d/ ftZs
dhnK ;kohnK ;wZf;nktK bJh ;oeko d/
T[gob/ gVkn f}zw/tko BjhI jB. ;EkBe
;oekoK T[BQK eoK ns/ \h; dhnK FeshnK
~ mhe sohe/ Bkb fJ;s/wkb eoB ftu
n;cb ojhnK jB fi; dhnK fJ; e'b
skesK jB, ]k; eoe/ eo fJeZm/ eoB
bJh Y[ethI e'fFF. T[dkjoD ti'I, s/oQt/I
ftZs nk:'r B/ nzdk}k bkfJnk fe Gkos
ftu ikfJdkd eo T[rokj[D dh fBg[zBsk
37 gqfsFs j?, i' pj[s jh fBokFkiBe
nzeVk j?. Gkosh FfjoK ftu wkbhnk
g?dk eoB d/ pj[s Bht/I gZXo B/ fJBQK
FfjoK dhnK ;EkBe ;oekoK tb'I nkgD/
BkrfoeK ~ pj[s jh p[fBnkdh ;/tktK
w[jZJhnk eotkT[D d/ okj ftu nfVZek
vkfjnk j?. T[dkjoD bJh, j?dokpkd dh
40 gqfsFs t;'I e'b gkDh d/ eB?eFB
BjhI jB, pzrb"o dh 50 gqfsFs nkpkdh
;hto e[B?eFB s'I ;ZyDh j?. id fe
Gkos dh Ffjoh Bhsh dk ;kok }'o
wjKBroK #s/ bZrk j'fJnk j?, iBse
p[fBnkdh YKu/ ns/ ;/tktK d/D dh toswkB
jkbs Gkos d/ S'N/ ns/ dofwnkB/ FfjoK
ftu tZv/ FfjoK Bkb'I th f}nkdk ]soBke
j?. T[dkjoD ti'I, eoBkNe d/ S'N/ fij/
Ffjo ;qhozrkgNBk ftu 30 gqfsFs b'eK
dh e{V/dkB se gj[zu BjhI ns/ ;VeK d/
B?Ntoe ftu 51 gqfsFs d/ brGr ezw
pekfJnk fgnk j?.
fijVk e/Idoh ;tkb ;k~ x/odk j?,
S'N/ ns/ tZv/ FfjoK d/ ;zdoG ftu,
T[j fJj j? L eh nrb/ gzdoK ;kbK
ftu Ffjo iBse p[fBnkdh YKu/ d/
ftek; bJh fBozso ftZs gqpzXB eo
;eDr/ sK i' ;/tktK d/D ~ :ehBh
pDkfJnk ik ;e/, i' ;Ekgs wkgdzvK
d/ nB[e{b j'D<
FfjoK bJh ftZsh ;o'sFfjoK bJh ftZsh ;o'sFfjoK bJh ftZsh ;o'sFfjoK bJh ftZsh ;o'sFfjoK bJh ftZsh ;o's
fBrwK d/ ftZs d/ d' ;kXB jB -
fBrwK dk nkgDk wkbhnk ns/ ;¯fgnk iK
fdsk frnk wkbhnk. fBrwK dk nkgDk
wkbhnk T[j j[zdk j? i' fJ; tb'I eo ns/
\h; nkfd bk e/ fJeZso ehsk iKdk j?,
fit/I fe ikfJdkd eo ns/ gkDh d/
you/. ;¯fgnk frnk wkbhnk T[j j[zdk j?
i' ;oeko d/ T[gob/ gVktK tb'I ;EkBe
;oekoK ~ fdsk iKdk j? fit/I fe oki
ftZs nk:'r tb'I f;\koF ehsh rJh \zvK
dh ;g[odrh. ;EkBe ;oekoK e/Idoh iK
oki gZXoh :'iBktK bJh th g?;k gqkgs
eo ;edhnK jB fit/I fe okFNoh g/Iv{
o[}rko }kwBh ;ehw iK oki gZXo d/
wekB T[;koh dk gq'rokw.
Gkos dk Ffjoh p[fBnkdh YKuk
toswkB fBt/F d' b'VK }o{oh eoko fdzdk
j? L gfjbk, fJj :ehBh pDkT[Dk fe
p[fBnkdh YKuk ns/ ;/tktK d/D ftu
nkJh yV's iK pkeh ezw ~ nrb/ 15
;kbK ftu Y[et/I Yzr Bkb g{ok ehsk ikt/
ns/ d{ik, fJ;/ ;w/I ftu jh t;'I ftu
tkXk ns/ nkofEe ;orowhnK tXD eoe/
tkX{ b'VhId/ p[fBnkdh YKu/ dhnK b'VK
g{ohnK ehshnK ikD. Gkosh p[fBnkdh
GkGkGkGkGk
18 :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, 2014
YKu/ ns/ ;/tktK pko/ fog'oN (2011)
ftu nB[wkB bkfJnk frnk j? fe FfjoK
~ 2009-10 dhnK ehwsK ~ nkXko wzB
e/, Ffjoh p[fBnkdh YKu/ #s/ 2012-2031
d/ 20 ;kbK d"okB 40 bZy eo'V o[gJ/
fBt/F eoB/ j'Dr/. FfjoK ~ roKNK ns/
itkjo bkb Bfjo{ okFNoh Ffjoh BthBheoB
fwFB tor/ gq'rokwK dk m[zwQDk d/Dk
;oeko d/ T[sb/ gVktK #s/ pj[s ftZsh
p'M gkT[Idk j?. b'VhId/ fBt/F d/ g?wkB/ ~
t/yfdnK ns/ e/Ido oki ;oekoK d/ ftZsh
jkbks ~ wZd/ B}o oZyfdnK, ;EkBe
;oekoK dh e/Ido ns/ oki ;oekoK #s/
ftFkb ftZsh fBoGosk fpbe[b th podkFs
BjhI j?. fJBQK jkbks ftu, Gkosh FfjoK
~ ;EkBe eo, \h; nkfd bkr{ eoe/
nkgDh wkbhnk t;{bh ~ ;[XkoBk j't/rk
ns/ fJ; d/ Bkb jh g{zihrs pk}ko s'I
T[Xko th u[ZeDk gt/rk.
nzdo{Bh gZXo T[s/nzdo{Bh gZXo T[s/nzdo{Bh gZXo T[s/nzdo{Bh gZXo T[s/nzdo{Bh gZXo T[s/
wkbhnk g?dk eoBkwkbhnk g?dk eoBkwkbhnk g?dk eoBkwkbhnk g?dk eoBkwkbhnk g?dk eoBk
fe;/ th fBrw ~ T[gbpX ftZs
ftebgK pko/ e'Jh th uouk T[; tb'I
nzdo{Bh s"o s/ g?dk ehs/ iKd/ wkbhJ/ dh
ikDekoh Bkb F[o{ eoBh j't/rh. nfijk
fJ; bJh feT[Ife fJj p[fBnkdh gZXo
#s/, fe;/ th fBrw tb'I nzdo{Bh wkbhJ/
dh t;{bh fJ; d/ Fk;B, gkodoFsk ns/
fJ; d/ gqFk;B dh itkpd/jh dh r[DtZsk
dh Mbe ftykT[Idh j?. fJ; eoe/ fJe
fBrw d/ nzdo{Bh ftZsh :'rsk dh ;whfynk
fJ; d/ Fk;B d/ gZXo dk \?;bk j[zdh
j?. fJe p/jso Fk;s fBrw dk wsbp
j? p/sjo ikDekoh dh T[gbpXsk, p/jso
;whfynk :'rsk ns/ fBg[zBsktK dk
p/jso fJeZsoheoB i' nZr/ uZb e/ nzdo{Bh
wkbhnk :zsoK d[nkok g?dk ehs/ rJ/
wkbhJ/ dh wksok ftu Mbe wkod/ jB.
pkoQtK ftZs nk:'r fJFkok eodk j?
fe 2001-02 ftu Gkosh fBrw y/so dk
e[Zb wkbhnk e[Zb xo/b{ T[sgkd dk wfj}
0H67 gqfsFs ;h, fi; ftu fBrwK dk
nkgDk wkbhnk f;o\ 0H38 gqfsFs pDdk
;h. fJj nzeV/ Bk f;o\ wkBe gZXo d/
jB go fJj fte;s j' oj/ d{i/ noEukfonK
Bkb'I fes/ xZN jB, T[dkjoD ti'I pqk}hb,
fiE/ fBrwK dk wkbhnk e[Zb xo/b{ T[sgkd
dk 7H4 gqfsFs ns/ nkgDk wkbhnk e[Zb
xo/b{ T[sgkd dk 2H6 gqfsFs j?. j'o
nZr/, nkgD/ xZN j' oj/ wkbhJ/ dh
nB[gks dk fuzskiBe o[MkB j? fiE/ FfjoK
dk e[Zb wkbhnk 2002-03 d/ 63H5 gqfsFs
d/ w[ekpb/ 2001-08 ftu fvr e/ 52H9
gqfsFs ofj frnk.
ikfJdkd eoikfJdkd eoikfJdkd eoikfJdkd eoikfJdkd eo
ikfJdkd eo fBrwK bJh ;G s'I
wjZstg{oB fBZih wkbhnk j[zdk j?. s/oQt/I
ftZs nk:'r dk nB[wkB j? fe fJeZso
ehsk frnk ikfJdkd eo e[Zb xo/b{
T[sgkd dk 0H16 ns/ 0H24 gqfsFs d/
ftueko j[zdk j?. T[j w[Zdk ;kjwD/
fbnkT[Id/ jB fe ikfJdkdK dh wkVh
;whfynk 56 gqfsFs, xNhnk fJeZsoheoB
dh fBgz[Bsk 37 gqfsFs ns/ j'o p[fBnkdh
s"o s/ ikfJdkd dh ehws nKeD d/ tos/
rJ/ Yzr sohe/ fBjkfJs jh rbs jB.
fJe tXhnk ikfJdkd eo gqDkbh
gzi EzwQK T[s/ yVQh j[zdh j? - gSkD, ;{uh
gqpzXB, ;whfynk, fJeZsoheoB ns/ skwhb
dhnK gqDkbhnK. G{r'fbe ikDekoh gqDkbh,
i' fJe Ffjo dhnK ;kohnK ikfJdkdK d/
BeF/ pDkT[D bJh tosh iKdh j?, ~
bkr{ eoB Bkb ikfJdkdK dh ;whfynk
eoB #s/ pVk tZvk n;o gt/rk feT[Ife
fJ; Bkb fBrw gqpzXB ~ fJe t/yD
tkbk, ftFkb :zso gqkgs j' ikt/rk fi;
;dek eo d/ dkfJo/ s'I pkjobhnK ikfJdkdK
dk y[ok-y'i BkgD ftu tZvh wdd
fwb/rh. G{r'fbe ikDekoh gqDkbh dh
Gkosh FfjoK ftu bkr{ eoB dk nwb
Gkt/I ;[;s j? go nfjwdkpkd, pzrb"o
ns/ j?dokpkd tor/ FfjoK ftu G{r'fbe
ikDekoh gqDkbh BeF/ jB fiBQK dh ikfJdkd
eo dh ;whfynk bJh tos'I F[o{ j' u[Zeh
j?. n;b ftu, s/oQt/I ftZs nk:'r dk
fJj th nB[wkB j? fe i/ Gkos Go dh
ikfJdkd ;whfynk ns/ fJeZso eoB dhnK
doK 85 gqfsFs j'D sK ikfJdkd eo s'I
gqkgs wkbhnk e[Zb xo/b{ T[sgkd dk
0H68 gqfsFs j't/rk i' toswkB ;w/I Bkb'I
fszB iK uko r[Dk tZX j't/rk.
fiE'I se ;whfynk d/ Yzr sohfenK
dk ;zpzX j?, itkjo bkb Bfjo{
okFNoh Ffjoh BthBheoB fwFB dh
F[o{nks Bkb fgSb/ e[M ;kbK ftu
fJ; gqDkbh ftu ;[Xko B}o nk fojk
j?, fi; sfjs feokfJnk ek~BK ftu
;[Xko dh b'V j?. fJ; eoe/ e[M
okiK tb'I feokfJnk ek~B ftu ;'XK
ehshnK rJhnK jB ns/ nkgD/ ikfJdkd
eoe/ fB}kw ~ noX-pk}koh y/so
nkXkfos gqDkbh w[skpe d[pkok s'I
pDkfJnk frnk j?. fJ; ftu ikfJdkd
dh ehws T[; d/ ;EkB ns/ tos'I #s/
nkXkfos j[zdh j? i' g[okD/ feokfJnk
ehws nkXkfos gqDkbh s'I jN e/ j?.
fJ; bJh fJj }o{oh j? fe Gkosh
FfjoK ~ y/so nkXkfos gqDkbh ns/
nzs ~ g{zihrs ehws gqDkbh tZb
w[VB bJh T[sFkfjs ehsk ikt/ sK
fe }whB dh ehws w[ZbzeD ftu tkX/
dk ;jh \kfJdk u[Zfenk ik ;e/. fJj
ikfJdkd eo ~ wkbhJ/ dk fJe
][FB[wk ;o's pDk ;edk j?.
s/oQtK ftZs nk:'r efjzdk j? fe U
Jh ;h vh d/FK ftu ikfJdkd eo e[Zb
xo/b{ T[sgkd dk brGr 2 gqfsFs j?
id fe fte;s ns/ pdbkn d/ d"o ftu'I
r[}o oj/ d/FK ftu 0H65 gqfsFs j?.
e[Zb xo/b{ T[sgkd d/ 0H20 gqfsFs Bkb,
Gkos ~ ikfJdkd eoK d/ y/so ftu fJBQK
wkgdzvK tZb gfjbedwh eoBh gt/rh.
:'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, 2014 19
e[Zb xo/b{ T[sgkd dk 0H50 gqfsFs j'D
#s/ th Gkos ftu ikfJdkd eo dh t;{bh
pj[s tZvh gZXo #s/ 20,000 eo'V o[gJ/ j'
ikt/rh i' toswkB 8000 eo'V o[gJ/ Bkb'I
fes/ tZX j't/rh. U Jh ;h vh d/ gZXo
#s/ fJj oew 1 bZy eo'V se g[Zi ;edh
j?.
Gkos ftu ikfJdkd eo fB}kw dk
fJe wjZstg{oB gZy fJj j? fe
ikfJdkd eo dhnK doK f}nkdkso
oki ;oekoK tb'I fBoXkos ehshnK
iKdhnK jB, Bk fe FfjoK tb'I. fJj
fte/IdoheoB d/ f;XKs nB[;ko BjhI
j? ns/ gqGkth s"o s/ fBrwK e'b
ftZs dk w[Zy :zso y'j b?Idk j?.
ikfJdkd eo s'I fpBK, FfjoK #s/ f}zw/-
tkohnK dk tZvk p'M ofj iKdk j?
fi; ~ g{ok eoB bJh e'Jh ftF/F
ftZsh ;kXB BjhI j[zdk. fJ; ;zdoG
ftu, fte;s j' oj/ d/FK fit/I dZyDh
n\ohek d/ ikfJdkd eo fB}kw dk
nfXn?B eoBk bkj/tzdk j't/rk fiE/
;ko/ fBrwK ftu ikfJdkdK dh ehws
dk nB[wkB g{zihrs ehws gqDkbh
nB[;ko eoBk }o{oh eoko fdsk frnk
j? s/ fJj th ;gZFN ehsk frnk fe
;kohnK ikfJdkdK dk gzi ;kb pknd
d[pkok nB[wkB bkfJnk ikt/rk. fJj
e/Ido dk ;gZFN fBod/F :ehBh
pDkT[Idk j? fe ikfJdkd eo dhnK
doK ns/ eo fJeZso eoB #s/ FfjoK
dk nfXeko j't/rk, w[Bk;p ;hwktK
d/ nzdo, sK i' rbs doK Bk bkr{
j'D.
tos'I T[`s/ eo doKtos'I T[`s/ eo doKtos'I T[`s/ eo doKtos'I T[`s/ eo doKtos'I T[`s/ eo doK
fBrwK d/ ftZs bJh d{ik tZvk ;kXB
tos'I eo j? i' gkDh g{osh, ;hto/i ns/
e{Vk-eoeN u[etkT[D fijhnK ;/tktK #s/
bkfJnk iKdk j?. fJj uh}K fBZih
ftF/Fsk tkbhnK jB ns/ fJBQK ;/tktK dk
\kfJdk xo/b{ gZXo #s/ fBZih fejk ik
;edk j?. id fe iBse fto'X dh e'Jh
;zGktBk BjhI j?, fJBQK ;/tktK #s/ tos'I
eo bkT[Dk pj[s nk;kB j?. go Gkos
ftu tos'I eo s'I T[rokfjnk frnk wkbhnk
fBokFk dh jZd se xZN j?, fit/I fe
nzefVnK ftu do;kfJnk frnk j? fe
Ffjoh ;EkBe ;GktK tb'I |?o-eo wkbhnk
e[Zb xo/b{ T[sgkd dk 0H18 gqfsFs j?.
tos'I eo fB}kw dh nDj'Id ftu Ffjo
e[M w[YbhnK xZN'-xZN ;/tktK w[jZJhnk
eotkT[D s'I th n;woE jB.
w[Ybh xZN'-xZN ;/tk d/D bJh, gqubD
ns/ oZy-oykn d/ you/ g{o/ eoB bJh
tos'I eo bkT[Dk }o{oh j?. pkti{d fJ;
d/ fe fJ; sZE #s/ itkjo bkb Bfjo{
okFNoh Ffjoh BthBheoB fwFB sfjs
pj[s fXnkB fdsk frnk j?, 10 s'I th
xZN FfjoK tb'I ib g{osh ns/ ;hto/i
;/tktK dh bkrs dh g{oh t;{bh ehsh
rJh j?. fJE/ fJj dZ;Dk tkip j't/rk
fe f}nkdkso wkwfbnK ftu tos'I eo
bkT[D bJh FfjoK ~ oki ;oeko s'I
wB}{oh b?Dh g?Idh j?. fJ; Bkb T[BQK dh
Y[ethnK eo doK fBoXkos eoB dh
:'rsk #s/ n;o g?Idk j?. ikfJdkd eo
tKr, tos'I eo bkT[D dk nfXeko FfjoK
e'b j'Dk ukjhdk j? sK fe p/jso ;/tktK
d/D ~ T[sFkj fwb/. tos'I eoK dh
;w/I-;w/I ;whfynk th b'VhIdh j? sK fe
;/tktK d/D #s/ nkJ/ you/ t;{b/ ik
;eD. go tos'I eo tXkT[D Bkb jh
;/tktK d/ gZXo ftu th gqsZy ;[Xko j'Dk
ukjhdk j? sK fe eo ftu tkXk ndkfJrh
eoB bJh iBsk bJh ;[yktK j't/. Gkos
ns/ ftFt d/ siop/ do;kT[Id/ jB fe
xoK tkb/ Go';/:'r ns/ fBozso ;/tktK
tk;s/ g?;/ youD ~ fsnko jB. FfjoK
~ T[g:[es tos'I eo bkT[D/ ukjhd/ jB
ns/ fJj :ehBh pDkT[Dk ukjhdk j? fe
e'Jh th eok;-;pf;vh ~ fJ; soQK :'iBkpZX
ehsk ikt/ fe gqubB ns/ oZy-oykn dh
e[Zb bkrs t;{b j' ikt/, Gkt/I soe;zrs
b'V fJj j't/ fe t;'I d/ tZy-tZy GkrK
e'b'I tZy-tZy eo t;{b/ ikD.
id'I se Ffjo ikfJdkd ns/ tos'I
eo brk e/ f}nkdk wkbhnk fJeZso BjhI
eod/, fJj t/yDk w[Ffeb j't/rk fe
Gkos ftu T[u gZXo dhnK ;/tktK d/D
dk iBkd/F fe; soQK jk;b ehsk ik
;edk j?. T[dkjoD bJh, i/ Gkosh
Ffjo pqk}hb tKr nzdo{Bh wkbhnk fJeZso
eoB d/ wkgdzv jk;b eo b?D sK
nzdo{Bh s"o s/ fJeZmk ehsk wkbhnk
toswkB Bkb'I ;Zs r[Dk j't/rk. nkgD/
wkbhJ/ d/ nkXko ftu nfij/ tkX/ dk
wsbp j't/rk fe nkgD/ wkbhJ/ ns/ ;¯g/
ikD tkb/ wkbhJ/ ftu ;zpzX ~ toswkB
1H3 d/ nB[gks ~ 9 iK 10 se pdfbnk
ik ;edk j?. fJj eJh wknfBnK ftu
Gkosh FfjoK d/ nkgD/ wkbhnk ;o'sK d/
ftek; bJh nfjw ;zGktBktK ~ do;kT[Idk
j?.
ftZs bJh pk}ko dk bkG T[mkT[DkftZs bJh pk}ko dk bkG T[mkT[DkftZs bJh pk}ko dk bkG T[mkT[DkftZs bJh pk}ko dk bkG T[mkT[DkftZs bJh pk}ko dk bkG T[mkT[Dk
id'I Ffjo d/ wkbhJ/ d/ :zso fJe
tkoh ezw eoB bZr ikD sK g{zihrs
pk}ko s'I eo}k gqkgs eoB dhnK ;zGktBktK
y[ZbQ iKdhnK jB. nzdo{Bh wkbhJ/ d/
;o's, fit/I ikfJdkd eo ns/ tos'I eo
fBrwK bJh ftZs gqkgs eoB d/ ;G s'I
nfjw ;kXB jB feT[Ife gqGkth, T[whd d/
w[skpe wkbhnk fJeZso ehs/ fpBK, ftZs
d/ Bt/I ns/ pkjoh ;o'sK ~ nkeofFs
eoBk fJe tZvh u[B"sh j't/rh. pkjoh
;o's, Gkt/I T[j p?Ie eo}/, pKv iK
g{zihrs pk}ko d/ d{i/ ;kXB j'D, fJj
;ko/ ;kXB fBrwK tb'I nzdo{Bh s"o s/
fJeZso wkbhJ/ ns/ i' GftZy ftu fJeZmk
ehsk ikt/rk, T[; d/ nkXko #s/ T[; ~
T[gbpX j'Dr/. nfijk fJ; bJh feT[Ife
e'Jh tko eo}k ftZs dk fJe nrkT{I
;o's j[zdk j? fi; dk soe g/FhBr'Jh
:'r, fBrwK tb'I T[gikJ/ wkbhJ/ dh
20 :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, 2014
fBozso tkg;h ndkfJrh j[zdk j? i' T[;
tb'I GftZy ftu fJeZso eoB dh nk;
ehsh iKdh j?, fJ; bJh, fJ; ~ ftZs d/
tkX{ ;o's ti'I BjhI fbnk ik ;edk. fJ;
eoe/ eo}k g[]srh Bkb gfotosB fdzdk
j?, fi; Bkb Ffjo bw/ ;w/I dh :'iBkpzdh
eoB d/ ;woZE j' iKd/ jB. fJe fBrw
~ fJj do;kT[Dk j't/rk fe T[j toswkB
nkXko #s/ ftZs dk ;EkJh GzvkoB eoB d/
;woZE j?, fJ; s'I gfjbK fe fJj pkjoh
eo}/ ~ nkeofFs eoB dh nk; eo/.
fJ; bJh, pkjoh ns/ tgkoe eo}/ dk
bkG T[mkT[D pko/ ;'uD s'I gfjbK fe;/
th fBrw d/ nzdo{Bh ftZsh jkbks dh
f;js pj[s tXhnk j'Dh ukjhdh j?. fJj
wfj;{; eoBk pj[s nfjw j? fe g{zihrs
pk}ko s'I ftZs gqkgs eoBk fJzBk ;[Gkfte
ns/ ;fji BjhI j?. i/ e/Ido iK oki
;oekoK FfjoK dh b'V nB[;ko xZN
bkrs tkbk ftZs w[jZJhnk eotkT[D dh
Fkjdh Go ;edhnK j[zdhnK sK e[dosh
s"o s/ fJj ;G s'I nkeoFe ftebg j'Dk
;h. go, e/Ido ns/ oki ;oekoK dhnK
ftZsh wip{ohnK t/yfdnK j'fJnK, g{zihrs
pk}ko s'I ftZs gqkgs eoBk }o{oh j' iKdk
j?.
fBrw d/ foD-gZsofBrw d/ foD-gZsofBrw d/ foD-gZsofBrw d/ foD-gZsofBrw d/ foD-gZso
Gkos ftu fBrwK d/ foD-gZsoK dk
ftuko BtK BjhI j?. 1998 ftu
nfjwdkpkd Bro fBrw tb'I gkDh g{osh
dh p[fBnkdh YKuk fte;s eoB bJh
ikoh ehs/ foD-gZsoK Bkb fJ; dh F[o{nks
j'Jh. pknd ftu j?dokpkd, u/BZJh, Bkrg[o,
fJzd"o, wd[okfJ, b[fXnkDk ns/ ftFkykgNBw
nkfd FfjoK d/ Bro fBrwK tb'I th
fBrw foD-gZso ikoh ehs/ rJ/. ;zB
2000 ftu eo-w[es fBrw foD-gZso
F[o{ j'D Bkb eo-ofjs foD gZsoK dh
fJe bzph bVh nkozG j'Jhl 900 eo'V
o[gJ/ s'I tZX d/ eo-ofjs fBrw foD-
gZso ikoh ehs/ rJ/. fBrw foD gZso
pk}ko pKv ikoh eoB ftu tZvh T[Skb
bJh fsnko B}o nk fojk ;h go nfijk
j' Bk ;fenk. fJ; dk fJe ekoB itkjo
bkb Bfjo{ okFNoh Ffjoh BthBheoB
fwFB th j' ;edk j?. itkjo bkb
Bfjo{ okFNoh Ffjoh BthBheoB fwFB
sfjs 1H15 bZy eo'V o[gJ/ d/ e[Zb
;thfeqs fBt/F ftu'I brGr 53 gqfsFs
;oeko s'I ;jkfJsk d/ o{g ftu gqkgs
j'fJnk fi; Bkb p/FZe, Ffjoh p[fBnkdh
YKu/ d/ fBt/F ftu tkXk ;kjwD/ nkfJnk,
go fJ; Bkb jh FfjoK tb'I pk}ko s'I
ftZs nkeofFs eoB dhnK e'fFFK th
fBoT[sFkfjs j' rJhnK. fJ; Bkb mhe
jh ;oekoh g?;/ tb'I tgkoe ftZs ~ pkjo
dk o;sk fdykT[D d/ s"yfbnK ~ th pb
fwfbnk, fi; dk ;p{s itkjo bkb Bfjo{
okFNoh Ffjoh BthBheoB fwFB F[o{ j'D
T[gozs xZN wksok ftu fBrw foD-gZso
ikoh j'Dk j?. itkjo bkb Bfjo{ okFNoh
Ffjoh BthBheoB fwFB iK Bt/I gq;skfts
100 ;wkoN FfjoK dhnK :'iBktK bJh
;gZFN b'V do;kJh ikDh ukjhdh j? fe
g{zihrs pk}ko s'I eo}k gqkgs ehsk
ikt/, fi; Bkb fJj :ehBh pDkfJnk ik
;e/ fe ;oeko d/ nbg ;kXBK ~
f}nkdk nfjw iBse :'iBktK bJh T[gbpX
eotkfJnk ikt/. fJj ;zGt j' ;e/rk i/
jo/e :'iBk ~ nzFe iK g{o/ s"o s/ fJBQK
roKNK dk ftZs w[jZJhnk eotkfJnk ikt/.
fBrw foD gZso pk}ko ftu ;KMh
foD-gZso gqDkbh d/ o{g ftu pj[s ehwsh
y'i ;kjwD/ nkJh j? fi; Bkb T[Xko b?D
dh ;woZEk Bk oZyD tkb/ S'N/ ns/
dofwnkB/ FfjoK ~ g{zihrs pk}ko se
gj[zu eoB ftu wdd fwbdh j?. ;KMk
ftZs pj[s ;ko/ FfjoK ~ fJeZm/ j'D ns/
fJe fJekJh ti'I T[Xko b?D ns/ nkofEesk
s/ eo}/ ftu tkX/ d/ \kfJd/ fwbd/ jB.
i/ T[BQK B/ fJeZb/-fJeZb/ pk}ko se gj[zu
ehsh j't/ sK fJ; d/ w[ekpb/ T[BQK ~ xZN
bkrs #s/ fJeZm/ j' e/ g{zihrs pk}ko se
gj[zu eoB dk w"ek fwbdk j?. fJe
;zebg ti'I, ;KMk ftZs sfwbBkv{ ns/
eoBkNe ftu ;cb foD-gZso ikoh eoB
Bkb nkgDh T[g:'rsk ;Ekgs eo u[Zek
j?. S'N/ FfjoK tb'I ;woEk fte;s eoB,
gqfefonktK ns/ gqDkbhnK dh r[DtZsk
ftu ;[Xko, f}nkdk skesto, f}nkdk
eo}/ b?D dh ;woZEk tkbhnK fJekJhnK
d/ wkwb/ ftu fJ; ;zebg d/ p/sjkFk
\kfJd/ jB. oki gZXoh ;KMhnK ftZsh
fJekJhnK (n?; gh n?\ Jh n?;) ek\h
okiK ftu ;Ekgs ehshnK rJhnK jB sK
fe ;KM/ ftZs d/ w[ZfdnK ~ T[sFkfjs
ehsk ik ;e/, go f}nkdkso n?; gh n?c
Jh n?; dk jkb/ ;zubkB BjhI j'fJnk.
fJj :ehBh pDkT[D #s/ pb d/Dk ukjhdk
j? fe fJj pk}ko ;orow j't/ ns/ S'N/
fBrwK ~ eo}k d/D tkb/ g{zihrs pk}koK
se gj[zu gqkgs j't/.
Gkos d/ ;zdoG ftu nfjw pk}koh
p[fBnkdh YKu/ dk fJe nzr toswkB
ftu Bdkod j? L pk}ko pDkT[D dk
;z;EkB i' Bro fBrwK ~ eo}/ ikoh
eoB bJh }kwBh d/t/. fJj ;z;EkB j/m
fbyhnK oDBhshnK ngDk e/ fBrw foD
gZso pk}ko ftu ;orowhnK ~ s/} eo
;edk j? L-
(1) fBrw d/ eof}nK bJh }kwBh
d/Dk sK fe tgkoe p?IeK ~ fBrwK ~
T[Xko d/D bJh b[GkfJnk ik ;e/.
(2) fBrw d/ foD-gZsoK d/ xZN
do tkb/ gVktK ftu fBt/F eoBk fi;
Bkb fBZih fBt/FeK ~ T[u do tkb/ g{zih
YKu/ d/ gVktK ftu fBt/F eoB bJh
T[sFkfjs ehsk ik ;e/.
(3) ftF/F ;KM/ foD-gZso w[ZfdnK
dh f}zw/tkoh u[ZeDk ns/
(4) foD gZso tkbhnK ftZs :'iBktK
~ xZN wjZst tkb/$nXhB eo}/ d/Dk.
pkeh ;\k 23 T[`s/pkeh ;\k 23 T[`s/pkeh ;\k 23 T[`s/pkeh ;\k 23 T[`s/pkeh ;\k 23 T[`s/
:'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, 2014 21
Ffjoh :'iBkpzdhFfjoh :'iBkpzdhFfjoh :'iBkpzdhFfjoh :'iBkpzdhFfjoh :'iBkpzdh
FfjoheoB s/ nkXkoe YKu/ dk ftek; ns/ u[B"shnKFfjoheoB s/ nkXkoe YKu/ dk ftek; ns/ u[B"shnKFfjoheoB s/ nkXkoe YKu/ dk ftek; ns/ u[B"shnKFfjoheoB s/ nkXkoe YKu/ dk ftek; ns/ u[B"shnKFfjoheoB s/ nkXkoe YKu/ dk ftek; ns/ u[B"shnK
gothB ;bdhgothB ;bdhgothB ;bdhgothB ;bdhgothB ;bdh
osh rDszso d/ ;zxh YKu/
ftu e/Ido ns/ okiK dhnK
FeshnK ns/ T[BQK d/ ekoi y/so sfjs
ftfFnK dk ;zftXkB ftu pk]{ph fpnkB
ehsk frnk j?. ftd/FK Bkb e{NBhse
ns/ nkofEe ;zpzX ns/ d/F dh ;[oZfynk
ns/ J/esk s/ nyzvsk Bkb i[V/ wkwfbnK
dh f;ZfXnK f}zw/tkoh e/Ido ;oeko dh
j[zdh j? go b'e efbnkD ns/ ftek; d/
w[Zd/ e/Ido ns/ oki ;oekoK d'jK d/ ekoi
y/so sfjs nkT[Id/ jB ns/ d't/I fJ;
bJh pokpo d/ Gkrhdko ns/ f}zw/tko
j[zd/ jB.
d/F d/ ;zftXkB nB[;ko, Ffjoh
ftek; dk wkwbk okiK d/ ekoi
y/so dk ftFk j? go Gkos ;oeko
th fJ; ftu fJe wjZstg{oB G{fwek
ndk eodh j? feT[Ife ;w[Zu/ d/F
bJh Bhsh fBoXkoB eoBk ns/
e/Ido tb'I tZy-tZy okiK ftu ubkJhnK
ik ojhnK e/Idoh ;ehwK ns/ gq'rokwK
bJh g{zih w[jZJhnk eokT[Dk e/Ido
;oeko dh f}zw/tkoh j?.
nkpkdh d/ fe;/ th ;w{j dk nkofEe
ns/ ;wkfie gfog/y, T[; dh t;'I d/
G"fseh y/so dh G[r'fbe Feb ;{os ns/
YKuk, T[gbpX e[dosh ;o's ns/ ;/tktK
ns/ ;j{bsK, Ffjoh ftek; d/ nfs
wjZstg{oB w[Zd/ jB. fJ; d/ Bkb-Bkb,
Ffjoh y/soK ~ fJe u[;s-do[;s, JhwkBdko
ns/ e[Fb gqFk;B ns/ ;j{bsK dk b'e
efbnkD bJh ftek; eo ;e/ ns/ uzr/
gqFk;eh Yzr Bkb T[BQK ~ ubk ;e/.
2011 dh wodwF[wkoh nB[;ko, 1
wkou 2011 ~ Gkos dh e[Zb nkpkdh
121 eo'V ;h fi; dk 31H16 gqfsFs
fjZ;k iK 37 eo'V 71 bZy b'e FfjoK
ftu ofjzd/ ;B. fgSb/ fJe djke/ (2001
s'I 2011 se) d/F dh e[Zb nkpkdh 103
eo'V s'I tX e/ 121 eo'V j' rJh go
Ffjoh y/soK ftu, fJ; ;w/I d"okB, 9
eo'V 10 bZy t;'I dk tkXk j'fJnk i'
g/Iv{ y/so dh nkpkdh ftu j'J/ tkX/ Bkb'I
3H35 gqfsFs tX/o/ ;h. Ffjoh y/so d/
w[ekpb/, Gkos ftu g/Iv{ y/so dh nkpkdh
i' 2001 ftu 74 eo'V 30 bZy ;h,
2011 ftu tX e/ 83 eo'V 30 bZy s'I
tZX j' rJh. nzefVnK s'I gsk brdk j?
fe Gkos ftu Ffjoh nkpkdh ftu s/}h
Bkb tkXk j' fojk j?, fco th fJj
d[BhnK d/ pj[s/ d/FK dh Ffjoh t;'I d/
w[ekpb/ pj[s xZN j?, i' n";s 50
gqfsFs s'I tZX j?. 12thI gzi ;kbk :'iBk
d/ F[o{nksh ;kb 2012 ftu fiE/ Gkos
dh Ffjoh nkpkdh d/F dh e[Zb nkpkdh
d/ w[ekpb/ 31H6 gqfsFs ;h, T[E/ uhB
ftu fJj nB[gks 45 gqfsFs, fJzv'B/Fhnk
ftu 54 gqfsFs ns/ w?e;he' ftu 78
gqfsFs ;h.
go n;hI fJ; y/so ftu ni/ pj[s
gSV/ j'J/ jK ns/ FfjoK ftu b'VhIdhnK
;j{bsK d/ y/so ftu sK Xoksb #s/ jK
ns/ pj[s/ FfjoK ftu, ;EkBe gqFk;B ~
gkDh, fpibh, ;k\-;\kJh, ;VeK iK b'eK
Bkb i[V/ fe;/ j'o w[Zd/ s/ nkw eoe/ b'eK
d/ r[Z;/ dk fFeko j'Dk g?Idk j?.
go fJj th jehes j? fe Ffjo
nkofEe ns/ ;wkfie ftek; d/ fJziD
jB feT[Ife fe;/ th d/F dk ;w[Zuk
T[d:'r ns/ tgko FfjoK ftu e/Idos
ofjzdk j?. i/ fe;/ T[d:'r dh ;EkgBk
G[r'fbe jkbks ns/ eZu/ wkb dh T[gbpXsk
ekoB fe;/ d{o-dok} d/ g/Iv{ y/so ftu j'
th iKdh j? sK e[M ;wK gk e/ T[j
nkgDh T[gi d/ wzvheoB bJh nktkikJh
dhnK ;j{bsK ftu tkXk eoe/ ns/ nkgD/
feoshnK bJh wekB ns/ j'o p[fBnkdh
;j{bsK g?dk eoe/ fJe tZvh t;'I tkbk
ns/ ihtB dhnK ;G ;j{bsK tkbk nkX[fBe
y/so pD iKdk j? ns/ Ffjoh y/so dh
gfoGkFk nB[;ko, Ffjoh t;'I dh frDsh
ftu F[wko j' iKdk j?.
fJ; soQK 2011 dh wodwF[wkoh
nB[;ko, T[; s'I fgSb/ fJe djke/ ftu
Gkos ftu 2774 Bt/I S'N/ Ffjo, FfjoK
dh frDsh ftu Fkfwb j' rJ/ ;B.
okFNoh okiXkBh y/so fdZbh ns/ e/Ido
Fk;s gqd/F uzvhrVQ, 97 gqfsFs s'I tZX
Ffjoh nkpkdh Bkb d/F ftu ;G s'I tZX
FfjoheoB j' frnk j?. okiK ftu, Gkos
ftu r'nk ;G s'I tZX Ffjoh nkpkdh
tkbk gqd/F j?. fJ; oki dh Ffjoh
nkpkdh i' 2001 ftu oki dh e[Zb
nkpkdh d/ w[ekpb/ 49H8 gqfsFs ;h, s/}h
Bkb tX e/ 2011 ftu 62H2 gqfsFs j'
GkGkGkGkGk
22 :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, 2014
rJh. T[; t/b/ d/F d/ dZyDh oki
sfwbBkv{ ftu 48 gqfsFs b'e FfjoK
ftu ofjzd/ ;B go fJ; d/ Bkb brd/
e/ob ftu Ffjoh nkpkdh fJe djkek
gfjbK f;o\ 25H9 gqfsFs ;h go 2011
d/ wodwF[wkoh nzefVnK nB[;ko fJ;
gqd/F ftu Ffjoh t;'I s/}h Bkb tX e/
47H72 gqfsFs j' rJh. T[so-g{oph okiK
ftu wh}'okw ;G s'I tZX Ffjoh nkpkdh
tkbk gqd/F j? ns/ fJE'I dh 51H5 gqfsFs
nkpkdh FfjoK ftu t; ojh j?. f;Zew,
i' fJe djkek gfjbK f;o\ 11 gqfsFs
Ffjoh t;'I tkbk gqd/F ;h, 2011 ftu
25 gqfsFs Ffjoh nkpkdh tkbk gqd/F
pD frnk. fjwkub gqd/F f;o\ 10
gqfsFs, fpjko 11H3 gqfsFs, n;w 14H1
gqfsFs ns/ UvhFk 16H7 gqfsFs Ffjoh
nkpkdh Bkb d/F ftu ;G s'I xZN Ffjoh
nkpkdh tkb/ oki jB.
Gkos d/ tZy-tZy okiK ftu FfjoheoB
dh fJzB/ tZv/ gZXo #s/ ftfGzBsk j'D dk
w[Zy ekoB T[BQK dh G[r'fbe ;fEsh j?.
;w[Zuh d[BhnK ftu fJ; t/b/ FfjoheoB
dk d"o ub fojk j? ns/ ;oekoK FfjoK
d/ p[fBnkdh YKu/ ~ p/jso pDkT[D bJh
jo ;zGt e'fFF eo ojhnK jB. fJe
T[u gZXoh ew/Nh B/ 2011 ftu Gkos
;oeko ~ ;¯gh nkgDh fJe fog'oN ftu
fejk j? fe d/F ftu Ffjoh p[fBnkdh
YKu/ ~ ftFt gZXo dk pDkT[D bJh
nrb/ thj ;kbK ftu 39 bZy eo'V o[gJ/
s'I tZX dk g{zih fBt/F eoBk gt/rk. fJj
fBt/F FfjoK ftu nzdo{Bh ;VeK dk ikb
ftSkT[D, T[BQK ~ oki wkorK Bkb i'VB
ns/ T[BQK d/ oy-oykn bJh ns/ ;[Xko,
fpibh ns/ ;tZS gkDh dh g{osh ns/
e{V/-eoeN ns/ wb-w{so d/ fBek; d/
gqpzX ns/ T[; ftu brksko ;[Xko, whIj
ns/ MZyVK ns/ j'o e[dosh nk\sK Bkb
j'D tkbh spkjh s'I pukT[D d/ sohe/
ns/ p[fBnkdh ftek; ns/ Ffjoh ;/tktK
fit/I fe f;Zfynk, f;js ns/ nktkikJh d/
t;hfbnK ftu ;[Xko bJh b'VhIdk j't/rk.
e/Ido dh BthI ;oeko B/ Ffjoh
ftek; ~ nkgDh gfjb d/ ekoiK dh
;{uh ftu ofynk j? ns/ ftFt gZXo
d/ nfs nkX[fBe ;j{bsK Bkb Gog{o
100 Bt/I Ffjo t;kT[D dk tkndk
ehsk j? fiBQK ~ seBkb'ih d/ T[g:'r
Bkb gkfJdko ftek; d/ Bw{B/ d/
Ffjo pDkfJnk ikt/rk. ;oeko B/
fJj th tkndk ehsk j? fe 2022
se jo xo gfotko dh fJe SZs
j't/rh ns/ T[; e'b 24 xzN/ fpibh
;gbkJh, ;tZS ghD d/ gkDh dk
eB?eFB ns/ F"ukb: ;j{bsK tkbk
gZek xo j't/rk. fJj pj[s tXhnk
;'u j? feT[Ife nZi d/F ftu xZN
nkwdB gfotkoK bJh brGr 2
eo'V wekBK dh E[V j?. go fJ;
;'u ~ nwbh ikwk gfjBkT[D bJh
fdqVQ fBFuk, u'yk g{zih fBt/F ns/ ;G
s'I wjZstg{oB b'eK dh ;w[Zuh GkJhtkbh
dh b'V j't/rh.
14thI b'e ;Gk d/ BshfinK ns/
e/Ido ftu ;qh Bo/Ido w'dh ;oeko d/
rmB s'I pknd, 9 i{B 2014 ~ okFNogsh
;qh gqDp w[yoih B/ ;z;d d/ d'jK ;dBK
dh ;KMh p?me ~ ;zp'XB eofdnK fJFkok
ehsk ;h fe T[j fdB d{o BjhI id'I d/F
dh e[Zb nkpkdh dk 50 gqfsFs fjZ;k
Ffjoh fJbkfenK ftu t; fojk j't/rk.
T[BQK ;oeko dh tuBpZXsk d[jokT[Id/ j'J/
fejk ;h fe ftFth gZXo dhnK ;j{bsK
tkb/ 100 Bt/I Ffjo ;Ekgs ehs/ ikDr/
ns/ T[BQK ftu Ffjoh iB ;j{bsK s'I
fJbktk, ;k\-;\kJh ns/ f;js ;zGkb
ekoiK T[go ftF/F fXnkB fdsk ikt/rk.
T[BQK d/F tk;hnK ~ :kd fdtkfJnk fe
Gkos dh tZvh nkpkdh jkb/ th xo ftu
F"ukb: ;j{bsK s'I tKMh j? ns/ T[; ~
nkgDh fBZs fefonk s'I fBgND bJh xo
s'I pkjo y[ZbQ/ ftu ikDk g?Idk j?. ;tZS
Gkos fwFB F[o{ eoB dh ;oeko dh
gfjb dk f}eo eod/ j'J/ ;qh w[yoih B/
fejk fe F"ukb: ofjs xo podkFs s'I
pkjo jB ns/ fJ; ;fEsh ~ pdbDk
ns/ iBse ;EkBK ~ e{V/ eoeN d/ Y/o
Bk pDB d/Dk ns/ T[BQK ~ ;tZS oZyDk
ns/ tksktoB ;k\-;[Eok oyDk, ;kvh
wjkswk rKXh ~ T[BQK dh 2019 ftu
150thI iBw Fskpdh w"e/ ;Zuh FoXKibh
j't/rh.
n;b ftu, okFNogsh dk GkFB
;w/I dh ;oeko dhnK BhshnK ns/ gq'rokwK
dk d;skt/} j[zdk j? ns/ ;qh gqDp
w[yoih dk ;z;d ~ GkFB BthI ;oeko
dh tuBpZXsk ~ do;kT[Idk j? go d/F
ftu w}p{s nkofEe YKu/ dh ewh tZvh
o[ektN j?. ;oeko ~ ;G s'I gfjbK fJ;
fdFk tZb ftF/F fXnkB d/Dk j't/rk ns/
nkofEe YKuk ftek; gq'rokw bkr{ eoB/
j'Dr/. 2011-12 ftu ikoh Ffjoh BkrfoeK
d/ ukoNo ftu fejk frnk j? fe FfjoK
ftu T[u doi/ dk p[fBnkdh YKuk ns/
T[sw ;/tktK s/ e[Fb gqFk;B w[jZJhnk
eo e/ Ffjoh ihtB ftu ;[Xko Bkb
FfjoK ~ nkofEe ftek; d/ fJziD pDkT[Dk
j?. fJ; ukoNo dk T[d/F FfjoK ~
nkofEe s"o s/ ihtzs, ;wkt/Fh ns/
gkfJdko Ffjoh ihtB d/ T[u gZXo d/
t;'I e/Ido pDkT[Dk j?. BthI e/Idoh ;oeko
ns/ oki ;oekoK fJ; we;d ftu fezBhnK
ekw:kp j[zdhnK jB fJj sK ;wK jh
dZ;/rk go ;qh Bo/Ido w'dh ;oeko d/
fdqV fBFu/ s'I e[M nk; }o{o pZMh j?.
Ffjoh ftek; d/ fgS'eV ftu ;zftXkB
dk 74tK sowhwh ek~B 1991 fJe whb
gZEo j? fi; ftu Ffjoh gqFk;B pko/ fJe
nbr nfXnkfJ i'fVnk frnk ns/ T[;
dh G{fwek, FeshnK, ekoi y/so ns/
ftZsh gqpzXB pko/ ;gZFN ehsk frnk.
fJ; n?eN sfjs Ffjoh gqFk;BK ~ t;'I
:'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, 2014 23
nB[;ko Bro fBrwK, BrogkfbektK, Bro
gfoFdK ns/ Bro gzukfJsK d/ Bkw Bkb
ikfDnk frnk ns/ fJBQK dh u'D pkbr
t'N d/ nkXko #s/ 5 ;kb dh fwnkd bJh
j'Dh :ehBh pDkJh rJh. fJBQK y/soK s/
ekoiK dh ftnkfynk ;zftXkB d/ 12t/I
FfvT{b ftu ehsh rJh. fJBQK ;EkBe
gqFk;BK ~ ;EkBe G{wh tos'I, ;VeK, g[b
ns/ GtB fBowkD, xo/b{, T[d:'fre ns/
tgkoe tos'I bJh gkDh g{osh, iBse
f;js, ;k\-;\kJh, e{Vk-eoeN ;zGkb,
;hto/}, f;Zfynk, tksktoB ;zGkb, Ffjoh
;j{bsK fit/I fe gkoe, pk|-p|hu/ ns/
y/v d/ w?dkB, gF{nK dh ;zGkb ns/ T[BQK
bJh ghD d/ gkDh dh ;j{bs, f;Zfynk
;fGnuko ns/ ebk fte;s eoBk, rbhnK,
e{funK ns/ ;VeK #s/ o"FBh, iBw ns/
woB ofi;No/FB nkfd iB ;j{bsK Bkb
i[V/ jo ekoi bJh f}zw/tko eoko fdsk
frnk j?. fJBQK ekoiK ~ ;cbskg{ote
ubkT[D bJh e[Fb gqFk;B ns/ iBsk d/
u[D/ gqfsfBXhnK tb'I ;ys fBrokBh eoB
ns/ fdFk fBod/FK dh gkbDk eoBk
:ehBh pDkT[D dh b'V j[zdh j?.
Gkos ftu FfjoheoB dk ft;Eko
sK s/}h Bkb j' fojk j? go ;kv/ FfjoK
dh i' jkbs j? T[j fe;/ s'I S[gh j'Jh
BjhI j?. uzvhrVQ, fi; ~ tZy-tZy ;?eNoK
ftu tzfvnk, fJe :'iBkpX Yzr Bkb
;Ekgs Ffjo frfDnk iKdk j?, fwT{IfB;hgb
ew/Nh sfjs y/so ns/ fdZbh e?IN dk
y/so fJ; eqw ftu u"E/ ns/ gzit/I ;EkB
#s/ jB, ekBg[o 10t/I, pzrb{o{ 12t/I, u/BZJh
13t/I, e'beksk 25t/I ns/ gkBhgs 124t/I
;EkB T[s/ nkT[Id/ jB. fgzvK s'I FfjoK ~
b'e ne;o B"eoh ns/ o'}h-o'Nh dh y'i
bJh gbkfJB eod/ jB feT[Ife FfjoK
ftu o[}rko d/ tX/o/ w"e/ T[gbpX j[zd/
jB. FfjoK dh nkpkdh tXD Bkb iBse
;/tktK ns/ ;j{bsK T[go gqfse{b n;o
g?Idk j? fi; ~ tkX{ p[fBnkdh YKuk ns/
g{osh tXk e/ g{ok ehsk ik ;edk j?.
fJ; soQK FfjoK ftu brksko nkofEe
ns/ ;wkfie ftek; j[zdk ofjDk ukjhdk
j?. fpibh, gkDh ns/ gfotfjB gqpzXB d/
p?Iuwkoe ;Ekgs j'D/ ukjhd/ jB, fiBQK ~
jk;b eoBk ;EkBe gqFk;B dk Nhuk
j'Dk ukjhdk j?.
Gkos ftu FfjoK ~ ftFt gZXo
d/, ;[Zy ;j{bsK Bkb Gog{o ofjD d/
;EkB pDkT[Dk fJe pVh tZvh u[B"sh
dk ekoi j?, fi; dk ;kjwDk e/Ido
iK oki ;oekoK tb'I fJeZfbnK eoBk
n;zGt j?. fJzB/ tZv/ gZXo #s/ ftfGzB
y/soK ftu T[u gZXo dhnK ;j{bsK
g?dk eoB bJh iBsk dh GkJhtkbh
nfs b'VhIdh j? ns/ fJ; bJh ;oekoK
~ Ffjoh ;j{bsK ftu fiE/ th ;zGt
j' ;e/ fBZih g{zih fBt/F dk ;tkrs
eoBk ukjhdk j? ns/ nfij/
fBt/F bJh fdFk fBod/F fsnko eoB/
ukjhd/ jB i' g{oh gkodofFsk Bkb
bkr{ ehs/ ikD/ ukjhd/ jB.
;/tktK ns/ ;j{bsK d/ gZXo d/
fwnkoh p?Iuwkoe ;Ekgs eoB/ ukjhd/ jB
ns/ i/ ;zGt j' ;e/ sK jo Ffjo ftu
fJe fwT{IfB;hgb ;oft; o?r{b/No ;Ekgs
eoBk ukjhdk j? i' fJBQK ;j{bsK ns/
;/tktK d/ b'eK se gj[zuD dh fBrokBh
eo/. fwT{fB;hgb ekoiK ftu ne;o
bkb chskFkjh dhnK fFekfJsK ofjzdhnK
jB. fJBQK ;/tktK dh T[gbpXh bJh
;wKpX gqDkbh j'Dh ukjhdh j? ns/ jo
Brogkfbek, Bro fBrw fJe f;Nh}B
ukoNo ikoh eo/ fi; ftu tZy-tZy ;/tktK
b'eK se gj[zuD bJh ;wK fBFfus j't/
ns/ i/ T[; ;w/I ftu d/oh j't/ sK ;zpzfXs
nfXekoh f]bk\ ekotkJh eoB ns/ T[;
~ ;}k d/Dk :ehBh pDkfJnk ikt/. b'eK
dh GkJhtkbh ns/ T[BQK tb'I fBrokBh
bJh Bro ;GktK, tkov ;GktK iK wjZbk
ew/NhnK dk rmB ehsk ikt/ sK i'
fw;kb bJh, dZyDh n\ohek ftu fvt?bgw?IN
p?Ie nk\ ;kT{E n\ohek eo}k }kwBh
fij/ ;kXBK dh tos'I eoe/ pk}ko fBowksk
dh G{fwek fBGkT[Idk j?. Gkosh ;zdoG
ftu @j[ve'# pk}ko fBowksk dh G{fwek
fBGkn ;edk j?. go fJ; tk;s/ @j[ve'#
~ tZvhnK T{oik r?; :'iBktK bJh ;pf;vh
tkb/ T[Xko d/D tkbh G{fwek ~ SZv e/
nkgD/ Ffjoh p[fBnkdh YKu/ bJh ftZs
w[jZJhnk eotkT[D tkb/ iBkd/F ~ ngDkT[D
gt/rk. @j[ve'# fJ; soQK, fJe gk;/ fBrwK
dh T[Xko b?D dh ;woZEk ~ pk}ko
;kjwD/ fbnk ;edk j?, fi; Bkb fBrw
~ nkgD/ Fk;B ns/ ;/tktK d/D tkb/
w[ZfdnK #s/ r"o eoB dk w"ek fwb/rk, d{i/
gk;/ S'N/ doi/ d/ fBrwK tk;s/ tgkoe
fBt/F nkeofFs eoB ftu th ;jkfJsk
gqkgs j't/rh.
nyho ftu, ;kv/ FfjoK ftu p[fBnkdh
YKu/ ns/ ;/tktK d/D tkb/ w[Yb/ gZXo #s/
;EkJh ftZs w[jZJhnk eotkT[D dh n;cbsk
okFNo dh FfjoheoB ns/ nkofEe ftek;
d/ \kfJd/ T[mkT[D dh :'rsk ~ tZvh ;ZN
wko/rh. fJ; eoe/, Gkosh FfjoK ~
nzdo{Bh ftZs g?dk eoB d/ w"e/ tZvh gZXo
#s/ sbkFD/ g?Dr/ ns/ pk}ko nkXkfos
ftZsh gqDkbhnK dk p/jso fJ;s/wkb eoBk
j't/rk sK fe fpbe[b j/mb/ gZXo #s/ th
;/tktK d/Dk :ehBh pDkfJnk ik ;e/.
(b/ye nkJh n?`; n?`w nko fcBK; \kT{Iv/FB
dk ekoiekoh fBod/Fe j?.)
e-mail :anand.S@ifmr.co.in :vishnu.prasad@ifmr.co.in
;\k 20 dh pkeh;\k 20 dh pkeh;\k 20 dh pkeh;\k 20 dh pkeh;\k 20 dh pkeh
fwT{IfB;hgb ekoiK T[go mhe Yzr Bkb
fBrokBh oyh ik ;e/. FfjoheoB ns/
FfjoK Bkb ;zpzfXs p[fBnkdh YKu/ dk
ftek; fJe tZvh u[B"sh j? go T[; s'I th
tZvh u[B"sh j? nkw nkdwh dh GkJhtkbh.
(b/fyek ;[szso gZsoeko j?.)
24 :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, 2014
Ffjoh :'iBkpzdhFfjoh :'iBkpzdhFfjoh :'iBkpzdhFfjoh :'iBkpzdhFfjoh :'iBkpzdh
FfjoheoB dk tX fojk o[MkBFfjoheoB dk tX fojk o[MkBFfjoheoB dk tX fojk o[MkBFfjoheoB dk tX fojk o[MkBFfjoheoB dk tX fojk o[MkB
;[ftXk e[wok;[ftXk e[wok;[ftXk e[wok;[ftXk e[wok;[ftXk e[wok
XkB wzsoh ;qh Bo/Ido w'dh B/
n?bkB ehsk j? fe T[BQK dh
;oeko noEftt;Ek ~ w}p{s eoB s/
o[}rko d/ w"e/ tXkT[D dhnK nkgDhnK
e'fFFK d/ sfjs d/F ftu 100 ;wkoN
Ffjo t;kt/rh. T[BQK dk wzBDk j? fe
FfjoheoB ~ ;wZf;nk BjhI ;r'I nZr/
tXD d/ w"fenK d/ s"o s/ d/yDk ukjhdk
j?. fJ; ftu e'Jh FZe BjhI fe Ffjo
iBsk ~ soZeh d/ p/jso w"e/ w[jZJhnk
eokT[Id/ jB. Gkos ftu jh BjhI ;r'I
d[BhnK Go ftu FfjoK ~ jh nkofEe
;orowhnK d/ e/Ido ti'I T[God/ j'J/
d/fynk frnk j?.
d[BhnK ftu pj[s ;ko/ ftek;Fhb
d/FK tKr Gkos ftu th FfjoheoB s/}h
Bkb j' fojk j?. Gkos ftu 1901 ftu
10H8 gqfsFs nkpkdh FfjoK ftu ofjzdh
;h i' 1991 ftu 26 gqfsFs se gj[zu
rJh. 2011 dh wodwF[wkoh d/ nzefVnK
nB[;ko 1H20 nop nkpkdh dk fJe
fsjkJh :kfB 37 eo'V b'e FfjoK ftu
ofj oj/ jB. fgSb/ djke/ d"okB 2800
Bt/I e;fpnK dk fBowkD j'fJnk. w[zpJh
s/ fdZbh d[BhnK d/ gzi ;G s'I tZv/ FfjoK
ftu Fkfwb j' rJ/ jB. ;kv/ fgzvK s/
FfjoK ftukb/ eJh nkofEe s/ ;wkfie
\oe jB. FfjoK dhnK p/jso p[fBnkdh
;j{bsK ns/ o[}rko d/ w"e/ b'eK ~ T[BQK
tZb fyZu gkT[Id/ jB.
;kv/ d/F dh 65 gqfsFs nkpkdh
nkgDh f}zdrh p;o eoB bJh y/sh T[s/
fBoGo j?. :'iBk nk:'r d/ w[skpe
y/shpkVh d/ ftek; dh rsh f;o\ 2 s'I
3 gqfsFs j?. fJzBh tZvh nkpkdh dk T[;
T[s/ fBoGo ofjDk n;zs[bB g?dk eodk
j?. ftek; d/ fJ; n;zs[bB ~ d{o eoB
bJh Bt/I Ffjo t;kT[D/ ns/ T[BQK ftu
nkofEe ;orowhnK dk ft;sko eoBk
;ekokswe edw j't/rk go Bkb jh ;k~
Ffjoh y/soK dhnK ;wZf;nktK T[s/ th
r"o eoBh j't/rh sK fe Bt/I FfjoK ftu
p/jso p[fBnkdh YKuk fsnko ehsk ik
;e/. fJ; ftu e'Jh FZe BjhI fe T[d:'r
s/ tgko d/ e/Ido j'D d/ ekoB FfjoK
ftu o[}rko d/ w"e/ th f}nkdk jB.
fJ; bJh fgSb/ e[M ;kbK ftu FfjoK
ftu nkpkdh dk p'M s/}h Bkb tfXnk j?
fi; Bkb T[BQK ftu BthnK-BthnK w[FfebK
g?dk j'JhnK jB. Bt/I FfjoK d/ t;D
Bkb g[okD/ FfjoK T[s/ nkpkdh dk p'M
xN/rk s/ p[fBnkdh ;j{bsK dh ;fEsh
p/jso j't/rh.
Bt/I Ffjo t;kT[Dk ;w/I dh b'V j?.
o[}rko dh sbkF ftu fgzv SZv e/ Ffjo
nkT[D tkb/ b'eK ~ ;BwkBiBe f}zdrh
fpskT[D dk w"ek d/Dk ;oeko dh
f}zw/tkoh j?. FfjoK dk ][Fjkb ihtB
p/jso ofjD-;fjD ns/ uwd-dwe jo
fe;/ ~ nkgD/ tZb fyZudk j?. go fJj
T[fus BjhI j't/rk fe fgzvK dk fe;kB iK
y/s w}d{o Ffjo ftu nk e/ pdjkb
w}d{o pD ikt/. FfjoK ftu nktk;
f;js ;/tktK, gfotfjB, gkDh, fpibh s/
f;Zfynk dhnK tXhnK ;j{bsK w[jZJhnk
eotkJhnK ikDhnK ukjhdhnK jB.
n;zs[fbs ns/ nkg-w[jkok FfjoheoB
d/F bJh fJe tZvh ;wZf;nk pDdk ik
fojk j?. T[d:'rK d/ ftek; s/ tkjBK dh
frDsh ftu tkX/ Bkb jh gqd{FB dh
;wZf;nk G?Vk o{g b?Idh ik ojh j?.
;wkoN FfjoK ~ t;k e/ Ffjo dh
;wZf;nk s'I ek\h jZd se fB}ks gkfJnk
ik ;edk j?.
Gkosh nkofEe ;rowh d/ ;{ueKe
d/ ;w[Zu/ xo/b{ T[sgkd ftu tZvh fjZ;/dkoh
FfjoK dh j?. nzefVnK w[skfpe e[Zb
xo/b{ T[sgkd ftu Ffjoh fJbkfenK dk
:'rdkB brGr 60 gqfsFs j?. Ffjo
jh jB i' fJe soQK b'eK dk ihtB gZXo
p/jso pDkT[Id/ jB ns/ b'eK ~ o[}rko
d/ w"e/ d/ e/ d/F dk ftek; tXkT[Id/
jB. fJ; ;w/I d/F dh e[Zb nkpkdh ftu
Ffjoh nkpkdh fJe fsjkJh j?. Gkos
ftu FfjoheoB ~ T[sFkfjs eoB bJh
T[d:'rheoB ns/ o[}rko d/ pdbd/
sohfenK dh ]k; G{fwek ojh j?. Gkt/I
nZi th Gkos th nkswk fgzvK ftu t;dh
j? go nkofEe s/ ;wkfie pdbktK B/
tZvh nkpkdh ~ FfjoK ftu t;D ftu
wdd ehsh j?. nB[wkB j? fe 2003 se
Gkos ftu e[Zb xo/b{ T[sgkd s/ o[}rko
dk 70 gqfsFs d/F d/ 100 tZv/ FfjoK
gqgqgqgqgq
:'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, 2014 25
ftu j't/rk. d/F d/ dZyDh s/ gZSwh okiK
ftu FfjoheoB dh o\sko f}nkdk s/}
ojh j?. eoBkNe, sfwbBkv{, e/ob,
wjKokFNo s/ r[ioks ftu Ffjoh nkpkdh
35 gqfsFs s'I f}nkdk j?. FfjoK ftu
t;/ b'e y/sh ns/ T[; Bkb i[V/ ezw SZv
e/ nkT[Id/ jB. Ffjoh nkpkdh tXD d/
Bkb jh e[Zb xo/b{ T[sgkd ftu y/shpkVh
y/so dk :'rdkB f;o\ 15 gqfsFs ofj
frnk j?. id fe fBowkD s/ ;/tk y/so
fJ; ftu 70 gqfsFs se dk :'rdkB gk
oj/ jB. fJ; bJh ftek; dhnK BhshnK
pDkT[Id/ tes fJBQK sZEK ~ th fXnkB
ftu oZyDk j't/rk. s/}h Bkb tXd/ FfjoK
ftu p[fBnkdh }o{osK fit/I gkDh, fpibh,
gfotfjB ns/ ;hto/} d/ fJzs}kw ftu
tkXk eoBk j't/rk. Ffjo GftZy #u ftek;
d/ e/Ido j'Dr/ fJ; bJh Bhsh pDkT[D
tkfbnK ~ fJ; T[s/ fXnkB d/Dk gt/rk.
12thI gzi ;kbk :'iBk #u d/F nzdo
p[fBnkdh ;j{bsK bJh fJe bZy eo'V
vkbo d/ fBt/F dh ftt;Ek ehsh rJh j?.
d/F Go ftu Bt/I-Bt/I Ffjo fi;
s/}h Bkb tX oj/ jB T[; dk n;o T[BQK
dhnK ;hwktK d/ e'b-e'b th d/fynk ik
;edk j?. B'fJvk, r[VrKt, pzrb"o,
j?dokpkd, w?;{o nkfd ~ nkJh Nh jZp
ns/ u/BZJh, g[D/, n"ozrkpkd s/ nfjwdkpkd
~ nkN'w'pkfJb jZp d/ o{g ftu T[God/
d/fynk frnk j?. fJj pdbkn d/F ftu
tZv/ g?wkB/ T[s/ FfjoheoB dk jh Bshik
j?. Gkos ftu FfjoheoB ~ jZbkF/oh
d/D ns/ T[; d/ s"o sohfenK ~ b? e/
eJh ;tkb T[m oj/ jB. go FfjoK dh
;wZf;nk tXD dh ;ukJh Bkb e'Jh fttkd
BjhI j?. fJ; t/b/ d/F ftu 10 bZy iK
fJ; s'I tZX nkpkdh tkb/ 53 Ffjo jB
ns/ FfjoheoB d/ w"i{dk d"o d/ ikoh
ofjzfdnK 2030 se 100 Ffjo j'o
;kjwD/ nk ;ed/ jB.
n;hI 21thI ;dh d/ d{i/ djke/ ftu
gj[zu u[Ze/ jK. nkofEe T[dkoheoB d/
fgSb/ 20 ;kbK ftu eJh e;p/ Bro
ns/ wjKBro ftu spdhb j' u[Ze/ jB.
w?fer;/ dh fJe sk}k fog'oN w[skpe
2030 se Gkos dh noEftt;Ek gzi
r[Dk tZX j't/rh. d/F d/ brGr 60
eo'V b'e tZv/ FfjoK ftu ofj oj/ j'Dr/
fiBQK dk d/F d/ ftek; ftu nfjw
:'rdkB j't/rk. fgSb/ djke/ ftu fizBhnK
;VeK, w?No' o/b, ;G s'I tZX pD/ jB s/
nkT[D tkb/ ;w/I ftu T[; s'I 20 r[DK
tX/o/ dk fBowkD eoBk j't/rk. fJzB/ tZv/
g?wkB/ T[s/ j' oj/ FfjoheoB d/ wZd/B}o
eko'pkoh FfjoheoB T[s/ }'o d/Dk }o{oh
j?. fJ; tk;s/ xZN ehws tkb/ xoK dk
fBowkD s/ nktkikJh iK nkg;h-i'V ;zgoe
dh nfjwhns pj[s tX iKdh j?. iwBk
n?e;gq?; s/ fdZbh-w[zpJh e'ohv'o torhnK
gfo:'iBk s'I gq/oBk b?D dh }o{os j?.
fJ;/ soQK fdZbh, T[`so gq/dF, jfonkDk,
oki;EkB s/ r[ioks ~ i'VfdnK j'fJnK,
24 Bt/I Ffjo s/ 12 nkofEe y/so (n?;
Jh }?v) fte;s eoB dk gq;skt th j?.
fgzvK ftu y/sh ns/ T[; Bkb i[V/
ezwK ~ SZv e/ ;/tk s/ T[d:'rK tZb tXd/
o[MkB d/ ubfdnK FfjoheoB d/ tXD ~
;k\ d/fynk ik ;edk j?. pj[shnK ezgBhnK
ns/ ;z;EktK tZv/ FfjoK ~ jh nkgDk
ekoi y/so pDk ojhnK jB. Gkt/I d/F
ftu iB;zfynk d/ nkXko #s/ e;fpnK ftu
th FfjoheoB d/ d"o ~ d/fynk ik ;edk
j?. i' fJbke/ iBrDBk ftu s? fszB
wkgdzvK T[s/ yo/ T[sod/ jB T[BQK ~
e;fpnK dk doik fdsk iKdk j?. fJBQK
wkgdzvK d/ w[skpe fe;/ fgzv ~ fco
e;p/ dk doik fdsk iKdk j? id T[;
dh nkpkdh gzi j}ko s'I f}nkdk j't/,
iB;zfynk dk xDst gqfs tor feb'whNo
uko ;" s'I f}nkdk ns/ T[; dh 75
gqfsFs s'I f}nkdk nkpkdh y/sh dk ezw
Bk eodh j't/. nfij/ torheoB d/
ubfdnK ;kb 2001 ns/ 2011 d/ ftukb/
2732 Bt/I e;p/ pD/. fJ; soQK, fJ;
;w/I d"okB FfjoheoB dk ftek; 23
gqfsFs dh do Bkb j'fJnk.
nZi nfij/ eJh tZv/ e;p/ jB i'
phs/ ftu ek\h S'N/ oj/ j'Dr/. wjKokFNo
ftu Bkf;e, ftGzvh s/ n"ozrkpkd, nKXo
gqd/F ftu whonkbkr[vk, T[sokyzv ftu
o[dog[o, r[ioks ftu ;{os ns/ pkgh,
T[so gqd/F ftu nepog[o, fpjko ftu
;fjo;k s/ MkVyzv ftu XBtkd nfij/ jh
Ffjo jB. don;b, n;hI ;ko/ ikDd/
jK fe Ffjo tXD dk ekoB fgzvK d/
w[ekpb/ T[E/ p/jso nkofEe ns/ ;wkfie
ftek; d/ w"e/ T[gbpX j'Dk jB. o[}rko
ns/ p/jos f}zdrh dh Gkb ftu b'e
FfjoK tZb ub/ nkT[Id/ jB. fJ; Bkb
Ffjoh tk;hnK dh frDsh s/}h Bkb
tXdh ik ojh j?. s/} FfjoheoB dk
Bshik j? fe nrb/ 10 ;kbK ftu
p[fBnkdh ;j{bsK d/ ftek; ftu Gkoh
you eoB dh }o{os j't/rh.
d/F nzdo p[fBnkdh }o{osK ~ g{ok
eoB ~ b? e/ gfjbK jh ;zeN j?. fdZbh,
w[zpJh s/ pzrb"o tor/ FfjoK ftu iB;zfynk
xDst tXDk fJe tZvh ;wZf;nk pDdh
ik ojh j?. i/ eko'pkoh FfjoheoB Bk
j'fJnk sK FfjoK dhnK w[FfebK j'o tX
ikDrhnK. FfjoK ftu p/fj;kp p'M tXD
Bkb T[BQK ftu T[sgkdesk, fpibh, gkDh,
gfotfjB torhnK }o{osK ~ g{ok eoBk
w[Ffeb j't/rk. fJ; Bkb b'eK d/ ihtB
gZXo ftu froktN nk ;edh j?. fJ;
bJh Bt/I Ffjo t;kT[D s'I gfjbK w"i{dk
FfjoK ftu e[M nfjw ;tkbK d/ itkp
sbkF b?Dk th pj[s }o{oh j?. Ffjoh
gqFk;B ~ nkofEe BhshnK ns/ T[BQK #s/
nwb ftukb/ skbw/b fte;s eoB dh
}o{os j?. wjKBroK T[s/ p'M xNkT[D
bJh }o{oh j? i?g[o, d/jokd{B, w[okdkpkd,
rtkbhno s/ nkrok tor/ d{i/ ns/ shi/
26 :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, 2014
doi/ d/ FfjoK #s/ f}nkdk fXnkB d/Dk.
Ffjoh fJbkfenK ftu b'eK dh n";s
nkwdB okFNoh nkwdB s'I f}nkdk j?.
tXdh nkwdB d/ Bkb jh fJ; Ffjoh
nkpkdh ~ fojkfJFh, f;js, f;Zfynk s/
nkT[D ikD torhnK ;j{bsK th w[jZJhnk
eokT[DhnK j'DrhnK. fJ; bJh d/F ~
nkgD/ FfjoK d/ oZy-oykn ftu pj[s
tZvk fBt/F eoB dh b'V gt/rh. brksko
tXdh gVQh-fbyh nkpkdh ~ T[fus o[}rko
d/D ns/ b'eK d/ ihtB gZXo ftu ;[Xko
fbnkT[D bJh ;oeko ~ nkgDh nkofEe
ftek; do ~ 10 s'I 12 gqfsFs oyDk
gt/rk. fJzBh T[uh ftek; do ~ jk;b
eoB bJh Gkos ~ g/Iv{ noEftt;Ek ftu
;[Xko d/ Bkb-Bkb FfjoK ~ th eko'pkoh
o{g d/Dk gt/rk. FfjoheoB dh o\sko
ftu nkofEe ftek; d/ nB/e w"e/ S[g/
j'J/ jB.
2030 se Gkos ~ nkgD/ FfjoheoB
~ ;jh o{g d/D bJh 55 bZy eo'V o[gJ/
s'I f}nkdk fBt/F dh }o{os j?. nZi
Gkos nkgD/ FfjoK d/ ftek; ftu fizBk
you eodk j? T[; dk brGr nZm r[Dk
tX/o/ you eoBk j't/rk. fJ; ;w/I Gkos
d/ tX/o/ tZv/ Ffjo Bkrfoe ;j{bsK d/
wkwb/ ftu ftFt n";s s'I pj[s fgZS/
jB. i/ 2030 se n;hI fJ;/ do T[s/
ubd/ oj/ sK p[fBnkdh ;j{bsK d/ wkwb/
ftu ;fEsh gfjbK Bkb'I th f}nkd yokp
j' ikt/rh. d/F d/ ftek; d/ sohfenK ~
fXnkB ftu ofynk ikt/ sK FfjoheoB
tXDk s? j?. nfij/ jkbks ftu FfjoK
ftu :'iBkpX ftek; bJh fBt/F tXkT[D
~ fgzv fto'Xh efjDk rbs j't/rk.
FfjoheoB bJh m'; s/ d{orkwh \?;b/
eoe/ jh ;oeko tZX s'I tZX b'eK bJh
nkofEe s/ ;wkfie ftek; d/ Bt/I dotk}/
y'bQ ;edh j?.
Gkos ftu tXd/ FfjoK ftu iB;zfynk
xDst tXDk ;oeko d/ ;kjwD/ tZvh
u[B"sh j?. fdZbh ftu iB;zfynk xDst
gqfs tor feb'whNo 11 j}ko 2 ;" 97
ftnesh j?. fJ; d/ tXD dh fJjh do
ojh sK 2030 se iB;zfynk xDst gqfs
tor feb'whNo 15 j}ko 2 ;" frnkoK
ftnesh j' ikt/rh. fJ; bJh nfijhnK
:'iBktK fsnko eoB dh }o{os j? fe
d/F d/ uko gzi FfjoK ftu jh BjhI ;r'I
;ko/ FfjoK ftu o[}rko d/ w"e/ T[gbpX
w?IpofFZg e{gBw?IpofFZg e{gBw?IpofFZg e{gBw?IpofFZg e{gBw?IpofFZg e{gB
BthI w?IpofFZgBthI w?IpofFZgBthI w?IpofFZgBthI w?IpofFZgBthI w?IpofFZg BthBheoBBthBheoBBthBheoBBthBheoBBthBheoB gsk pdbD tk;s/gsk pdbD tk;s/gsk pdbD tk;s/gsk pdbD tk;s/gsk pdbD tk;s/
(i' bkr{ j[zdk j't/ T[; T[s/(i' bkr{ j[zdk j't/ T[; T[s/(i' bkr{ j[zdk j't/ T[; T[s/(i' bkr{ j[zdk j't/ T[; T[s/(i' bkr{ j[zdk j't/ T[; T[s/ @@@@@ ##### dk fuzBQ bkU.)dk fuzBQ bkU.)dk fuzBQ bkU.)dk fuzBQ bkU.)dk fuzBQ bkU.)
w? I HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH (gZfsqek dk Bkw ns/ GkFk) dkw? I HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH (gZfsqek dk Bkw ns/ GkFk) dkw? I HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH (gZfsqek dk Bkw ns/ GkFk) dkw? I HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH (gZfsqek dk Bkw ns/ GkFk) dkw? I HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH (gZfsqek dk Bkw ns/ GkFk) dk
;kbkBk (;kbkBk (;kbkBk (;kbkBk (;kbkBk (` 100)100)100)100)100) d' ;kb (d' ;kb (d' ;kb (d' ;kb (d' ;kb (` 180)180)180)180)180) fszB ;kb (fszB ;kb (fszB ;kb (fszB ;kb (fszB ;kb (` 250) w?Ipo pDB dk$dh fJZS[e jK.250) w?Ipo pDB dk$dh fJZS[e jK.250) w?Ipo pDB dk$dh fJZS[e jK.250) w?Ipo pDB dk$dh fJZS[e jK.250) w?Ipo pDB dk$dh fJZS[e jK.
fvwKv vok\N$Gkosh g';Nb nkovo$wBh nkovo BzL HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH skohy HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHfvwKv vok\N$Gkosh g';Nb nkovo$wBh nkovo BzL HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH skohy HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHfvwKv vok\N$Gkosh g';Nb nkovo$wBh nkovo BzL HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH skohy HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHfvwKv vok\N$Gkosh g';Nb nkovo$wBh nkovo BzL HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH skohy HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHfvwKv vok\N$Gkosh g';Nb nkovo$wBh nkovo BzL HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH skohy HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH
Bkw HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHtor Bkw HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHtor Bkw HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHtor Bkw HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHtor Bkw HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHtor ftfdnkoEh ftfdnkoEh ftfdnkoEh ftfdnkoEh ftfdnkoEh nfXnkgenfXnkgenfXnkgenfXnkgenfXnkge ;z;Ek ;z;Ek ;z;Ek ;z;Ek ;z;Ek j'oj'oj'oj'oj'o
gsk HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHgsk HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHgsk HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHgsk HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHgsk HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH
HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHfgBHHH HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHfgBHHH HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHfgBHHH HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHfgBHHH HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHfgBHHH HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH
BthBheoB$gsk pdbD bJh feqgk eoe/ nkgDk w? IpofFZg Bzpo fJZE/ fby' HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHBthBheoB$gsk pdbD bJh feqgk eoe/ nkgDk w? IpofFZg Bzpo fJZE/ fby' HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHBthBheoB$gsk pdbD bJh feqgk eoe/ nkgDk w? IpofFZg Bzpo fJZE/ fby' HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHBthBheoB$gsk pdbD bJh feqgk eoe/ nkgDk w? IpofFZg Bzpo fJZE/ fby' HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHBthBheoB$gsk pdbD bJh feqgk eoe/ nkgDk w? IpofFZg Bzpo fJZE/ fby' HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH
fvwKv vokcN$Gkosh g';Nb nkovo$wBh nkovo fvwKv vokcN$Gkosh g';Nb nkovo$wBh nkovo fvwKv vokcN$Gkosh g';Nb nkovo$wBh nkovo fvwKv vokcN$Gkosh g';Nb nkovo$wBh nkovo fvwKv vokcN$Gkosh g';Nb nkovo$wBh nkovo Business Manager (Circulation & Advertisement), ADG (i/c), Publications Division Publications Division, Ministy of I&B
d/ BK #s/ pDk e/ e{gB ;w/s fJ; gs/ T[s/ G/i' Ld/ BK #s/ pDk e/ e{gB ;w/s fJ; gs/ T[s/ G/i' Ld/ BK #s/ pDk e/ e{gB ;w/s fJ; gs/ T[s/ G/i' Ld/ BK #s/ pDk e/ e{gB ;w/s fJ; gs/ T[s/ G/i' Ld/ BK #s/ pDk e/ e{gB ;w/s fJ; gs/ T[s/ G/i' L East Block-4, Level-7, R.K. Puram, New Delhi-110066
j'D. FfjoK ftu nkwdBh tXkT[D d/
sohfenK nB[e{b eko'pkoh wkj"b s/ e[Fb
ekohroK d/ fwbD Bkb jh FfjoK dh
nfjwhns tXh j?. fJj ;j{bsK d/F d/
j'o FfjoK ftu T[gbpX eok e/ f;o\
e[M e[ FfjoK tKr s/}h Bkb tX ojh
nkpkdh ~ o'eD ftu ;cb j' ;ed/ jK.
Gkosh FfjoK ftu pj[s ;kohnK
nB[e{b ;zGktBktK jB fJ; bJh tes
dh }o{os j? fe :'iBktK ns/ BhshnK ~
fsnko eod/ ;w/I T[BQK ;zGktBktK ~
nKfenk ikt/ i' nZr/ ik e/ p/jso Bshi/
d/D. Bkb jh :'iBktK ~ ;jh Yzr Bkb
bkr{ eoe/ T[fus eko'pkoh wkj"b ns/
fBt/F ~ th tXkfJnk ikt/. Ffjoh gqFk;B
~ nfijh ftt;Ek pDkT[Dh ukjhdh j?
fi; Bkb b'eK ~ s[ozs okjs fwb/ ns/
nkT[D tkb/ ;w/I ftu g?dk j'D tkbhnK
u[B'shnK Bkb fBgfNnk ik ;e/. d/F ftu
p/o[}rkoh ns/ nkofEe pdjkbh ~ d{o
eoB dh fdFk ftu BthI ;oeko dk 100
Bt/I Ffjo pDkT[D dk n?bkB fJ; fdFk
ftu T[whd irkT[Idk j?.
(b/fyek ;[szso gZsoeko j?.)
e-mail : suvidhakumra@gmail.com
:'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, 2014 27
Ffjoh :'iBkpzdhFfjoh :'iBkpzdhFfjoh :'iBkpzdhFfjoh :'iBkpzdhFfjoh :'iBkpzdh
wjKBroK d/ tXd/ nkeko s/ ;wZf;nktKwjKBroK d/ tXd/ nkeko s/ ;wZf;nktKwjKBroK d/ tXd/ nkeko s/ ;wZf;nktKwjKBroK d/ tXd/ nkeko s/ ;wZf;nktKwjKBroK d/ tXd/ nkeko s/ ;wZf;nktK
i;ftzdo e"o fpzdoki;ftzdo e"o fpzdoki;ftzdo e"o fpzdoki;ftzdo e"o fpzdoki;ftzdo e"o fpzdok
;/ ezweki d/ f;bf;b/ ftu iK
fe;/ ;wko'j bJh fdZbh s'I pkjob/
EktK #s/ ikJhJ/ sK f}nkdkso fwbD tkb/
fJjh rZb efjzd/ jB, @fdZbh ! T[\ - T[j
sK pj[s tZvk Ffjo j?. pzdk sK T[E/
rtku jh iKdk j?.# ;[D e/ fJe gk;/ sK
wB ~ r[ZMh ][Fh j[zdh j? fe w?I fdZbh fij/
Ffjo dh izwgb jK. nk}kdh d/ 67
tfoQnK wro'I th fdZbh pko/ pj[s ;ko/
b'e fJzi dk ;'ud/ jB.
Gkos ftu fdZbh dk o[spk nkozG s'I
jh tZvk fojk j?. fJ; ~ d/F dh
okiXkBh j'D dk wkD gqkgs j?. fJ;/
bJh fdZbh fjzd[;skB dk fdb fij/ tke
gqufbs jB. fgSb/ 15-20 ;kbK ftu
fdZbh ftu j'J/ ftek; s'I b'e pj[s j?okB
jB.
fdZbh wjKBro dk ft;sko brksko
j' fojk j?. fJ;/ eoe/ fJj c?bdk
ik fojk j?. okiXkBh y/so eJh
r[nKYh okiK se ik gj[zuk j?. jfonkDk,
gzikp, T[`so gqd/F se fJ; dh
nktkikJh ;zpzXh gj[zu nk;kBh Bkb
j'D bZr gJh j?. fdZbh gfjbK jh
tZvk Ffjo ;h, j[D fJj ftFt d/
wjKBroK ftu Fkfwb j?. nk}kdh s'I
gfjbK th fdZbh, e'beksk, u/BZJh s/
w[zpJh w?No' Ffjo nky/ iKd/ ;B.
nZi th fJBQK dk fJj gZXo ekfJw j?.
fdZbh tKr fJj ;ko/ Ffjo gfjbK
s'I fes/ tZX c?b u[Ze/ jB. fe;/ d/F dh
soZeh dk nzdk}k fJ; rZb s'I brkfJnk
ik ;edk j? fe T[E/ fezB/ wjKBro Ffjo
jB. tZv/-tZv/ Ffjo iK wjKBro d/F dh
gSkD fuzBQ pDd/ jB s/ T[; dh soZeh
dk oki th y'bQd/ jB.
fe;/ Ffjo dk id'I ft;sko j[zdk j?
sK jo gy'I T[; dk c?bkn j'Dk }o{oh
j[zdk j?. i/ fJ; soQK BjhI j[zdk sK
nu/s s"o s/ ;wZf;nktK dk ;kjwDk th
eoBk g?Idk j?. f;o\ fJj ;'u e/ ][Fh
jk;b BjhI ehsh ik ;edh fe fJj Ffjo
c?b fojk j?. wjKBro dk nkgDk fJe
nkeoFD j[zdk j?. e;fpnK s/ S'N/ FfjoK
s'I b? e/ ne;o tZv/ FfjoK ftu ;zGktBktK
th ek\h tZvhnK j[zdhnK jB. fJ;/ bJh
fJE/ jZE-g?o wkoB tkb/ s/ tX/o/ ;wM-p{M
oyD tkb/ nk;kBh Bkb nkgDk ezweki
y'bQ e/ tXk b?Id/ jB. T[Ii B"eoh d/ th
nB/e w"e/ fwbd/ jB. eJh tko B"eoh
d/ f;bf;b/ ftu @pdbh# j'D ekoB th
w?No' FfjoK ftu ikD dk w"ek nB/e
b'eK ~ fwbdk j?. id'I T[j fJE'I dhnK
;[y-;j{bsK s/ uwe-dwe ~ d/yd/ jB
sK fco T[BQK dk wB fe;/ j'o Ffjo ftu
ikD ~ eodk jh BjhI. S'N/ FfjoK s/
e;fpnK s'I T[j ezBh esokT[D brd/
jB. pj[s ;ko/ b'e nkgD/ }Zdh Ffjo
iK fgzv w[VDk BjhI ukj[zd/. pj[sk eoe/
b'e ;/tk-w[es j'D s'I pknd nkgD/ fgzvK,
FfjoK iK ftd/FK dh EK nkgD/ Ffjo ~
gqw[Zysk fdzd/ jB.
fJjh jkb ftfdnkoEh tor dk
j[zdk j?. id'I T[j T[u/oh gVQkJh bJh tZv/
w?No' FfjoK ftu nkT[Id/ jB. gVQkJh
wro'I fJE/ jh tZvhnK ezgBhnK ftu B"eoh
jkf;b eoB bJh iZd'-ifjd eod/ jB.
B"eoh fwb ikD #s/ fco nkgD/ FfjoK
ftu tkg; ikD dk ;tkb jh g?dk BjhI
j[zdk. fco T[E/ jh ftnkj, gfotko s/
rqfj;Eh pD iKdh j?. fJT[I f;ZXh fijh
rZb j? fe fe;/ th fgzv, e;p/, S'N/ Ffjo
s'I id'I e'Jh fJe pzdk B"eoh, ekweki,
o[}rko iK gVQkJh d/ f;bf;b/ ftu fe;/
wjKBro tZb iKdk j? sK ;wM' T[j
nkgD/ gfotko, nkgD/ fwZsoK, nkgDh
fpokdoh bJh T[; w?No' Ffjo ftu nkT[D
dk okj y'bQdk j?. gfjb/ nkJ/ pzd/ dh
ekw:kph s/ ;Ekgsh T[; d/ nkgD/ e[Bp/
d/ b'eK s/ fgzv-fpokdoh nkfd bJh T[dkjoD
pD, d{i/ b'eK ~ th fJE/ nkT[D bJh
gq/fos eodh j?. fJzi jh b'eK dk tkXk
j[zdk iKdk j?, i' f;bf;bk w[ZeD BjhI
fdzdk.
o[}rko, ezweko d/ Bt/I-Bt/I okj,
w"e/, tZvhnK ezgBhnK, pj[-okFNoh ezgBhnK
dh nkwd tZv/-tZv/ FfjoK ~ j'o tZvk s/
ft;skfos eodh j?. j}{w dk j}{w o'}
tZv/-tZv/ FfjoK tZb iKdk j?. fdZbh w?No',
pZ;K, p[fBnkdh YKu/ dhnK ;j{bsK ekoB
b'e 80 iK 100 feb'whNo se nkw jh
nkT[D-ikD bZr gJ/ jB.
fJ; ftu FZe BjhI fe fijV/ th
b'e tZv/-tZv/ FfjoK d/ nkeoFD ftu pZM/
fJXo fi; th fJokd/ Bkb fJE/ nkT[Id/
fefefefefe
28 :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, 2014
jB, T[j nkgDh ekpbhns, fwjBs, ;{M-
p{M Bkb, fJ; d/ ft;skfos o{g ftu
nkgDk fjZ;k gkT[Id/ jB. T[BQK ;kfonK d/
;ohoe, wkBf;e isBK ;dek jh fJj
;zGt j[zdk j? fe w?No' Ffjo fdB d{Dh
soZeh eoe/ wjKBroK ftu spdhb j' e/
nkgDh uwe-dwe pDkT[D ftu ekw:kp
j[zd/ jB. go jo uh} dh fJe ;hwk
j[zdh j?. bZyK b'eK dk p'M ;fjD eoBk
th ;"yk BjhI j[zdk. j}koK-bZyK dh frDsh
ftu b'e id'I wjKBro ftu nkT[Id/ jB
sK T[BQK ~ ihtB dhnK p[fBnkdh }o{osK
th g{ohnK eoBk wjKBro dk \o} pD
iKdk j?. o'Nh-gkDh, jtk, xo fJj e[M
nfijhnK }o{osK jB fiBQK fpBK r[}kok
;zGt jh BjhI. fijVk Ffjo fi; dh
nkpkdh ed/ uko bZy j[zdh ;h, i/ T[; dh
nkpkdh tX e/ thj bZy j' ikJ/ sK s[;hI
nkg jh ;'u' T[; nkpkdh dhnK }o{osK
T[j Ffjo fet/I g{ohnK eo ;e/rk< nZi
f;o\ fdZbh dh nkpkdh fJe eo'V s'I
T[go j?. ;G bJh fpibh, gkDh, o'Nh,
wekB, f;js ;/tktK dh g{osh eoBk
}o{oh j[zdk j?.
fJBQK ;/tktK dh g{osh bJh jh
wekB S'N/ j' e/ T[uhnK-T[uhnK fJwkosK
ftu spdhb j[zd/ ikd/ jB. }whB d/
Gkn n;wkB S'j oj/ jB. gkDh dh
w[Ffeb BthI BjhI j?. fpibh dh ;wZf;nk
;G d/ ;kjwD/ j?.
;oeko fdB'I-fdB cbkJhUto s/ g[bK
dk fBowkD eo ojh j?. ;VeK ~ j'o
u"Vk ehsk ik fojk j?. go fJBQK d/ Bkb-
Bkb b'eK dh nkwd ftu s/} rsh Bkb
tkXk j' fojk j?. jtk ftu gqd[FD tZXdk
ik fojk j?. No?f\e ekoB fJj gqd{FD
o'} j}koK b'eK d/ ;kj okjhI T[BQK d/
nzdo ik fojk j?, fi; ekoB nZyK ftu
ibD, yK;h s/ ;kj dh sebh\ tXdh ik
ojh j? s/ j;gskb th tXd/ ik oj/
jB. ;VeK ~ u"Vk eoB ykfso iK wekB
pDkT[D bJh o'} fezB/ jh doZ]sK, p{fNnK
~ iVQ'I g[ZfNnk iKdk j?. T[; Bkb tksktoB
ftu Bwh s/ jtk T[s/ wkVk n;o g? fojk
j?. fi; dk ykfwnk}k n;hI G[rs jh oj/
jK. E'VQh fijh pkfoF j'D Bkb gkDh o[e
iKdk j?. feT[Ife BkbhnK dk gqpzX p/Yzrk
s/ p/soshpk j' u[ek j?. gkDh dk fBek;
mhe soQK j[zadk BjhI.
fJBQK ;wZf;nktK s'I fJbktk i' fJe
j'o rZb j' ojh j?, T[j j? ngokXK ftu
tkXk. wjKBroK ftu o'}kBk mZrh, b[ZN s/
pbksekoK d/ wkwb/ tX oj/ jB. e[M
;kb gfjbK se sK fdZbh fJj' fijh BjhI
;h fe fJE/ e[Vh iK n"os pkjo iKd/ j'J/
th vo/. id'I w?I ekbi-:{Bhtof;Nh ftu
gVQdh ;h, T[d'I pZ;K dh ;fEsh n?Bh
tXhnk BjhI ;h. pZ; bJh bzwk fJzs}ko
eoBk g?Idk ;h. Fkw ~ xo gj[zuD #s/
th wK-pkg iK y[d w?~ ed/ vo BjhI
bZrk ;h. pV/ w}/ Bkb ;j/bhnK Bkb iK
fJeZfbnK th ekbi s/ :{Bhtof;Nh ;t/o-
Fkw nkT[Id/-iKd/ ;h.
fJBQK ngokXK d/ tkX/ fgZS/ fJj
ekoB j? fe wjKBroK dh uwe-dwe s/
rb?wo ;kXkoB pzd/ ~ p/jZd nkeofFs
eodk j?. T[j th f}zdrh ftu @cB#
jkf;b eoB d/ fJokd/ Bkb pbkseko s/
okj}Bh ~ tX/o/ ngDk b?Idk j?. wjKBroK
ftu bZyK dh skdkd ftu b'e o'}
nkT[Id/-iKd/ jB. eh gsk brdk j?, fe;
B/ fejVk ekok ed'I ehsk< GKs-GKs dh
wkBf;esk tkb/ b'e, E[V/-N[N/ iK tkX{ oZi/
b'e fJBQK ngokXK ftu f}nkdk fbgs
j[zd/ jB. jo fe;/ ftu nZr/ tXD,
tX/ok jk;b eoB dh ukj }'o wkodh
j?. fi; d/ sfjs u'oh, ve?sh, mZrh s/
oki}Bh d/ wkwb/ tXd/ ik oj/ jB.
fJBQK ngokXK ekoB i/bQ, jtkbks Go/
j'J/ jB. n;zs[bB jo gk;/, jo y/so
ftu tXdk ik fojk j? s/ ;wZf;nktK
fdB'I-fdB rzGho Feb n]fsnko eodhnK
ik ojhnK jB.
;wZf;nk e'Jh th j't/, T; dk jZb
;zGt j?. wjKBroK d/ c?bkn dhnK
;wZf;nktK s'I puD bJh ;oekoK ~
ukjhdk j? fe T[j nkgD/ jh okiK
ftu fJBQK ;j{bsK ~ tXkT[D. T[E/
FfjoK dk ftek; ehsk ikt/ sK fe
S'N/ FfjoK, e;fpnK s/ fgzvK d/ b'e
jo t/b/ tZv/ FfjoK, wjKBroK tZb
ukb/ Bk gkJh oZyD. d{i/ FfjoK
ftu p[fBnkdh ;j{bsK, f;js ;zpzXh
;/tktK, tXhnk ekbi s/ ;z;EkB y'bQ/
ikD sK fe T[E/ jh T[u/oh gVQkJh
jk;fb ehsh ik ;e/ s/ T[E/ ftek;
bJh ouBkswe :'rdkB fdsk ik
;e/. fit/I j[D ;kv/ d/F ftu T[u
ftZfdnk gqkgsh tkfbnK ~ tXhnk
B"eohnK, T[u/ g?e/i fwb oj/ jB sK
T[j ftd/FK tZb ikD pko/ xZN ;'uD
bZr gJ/ jB. id'I ezweki s/ o[}rko
d/ nt;o nkgD/ okiK s/ FfjoK ftu
fwbD bZrD sK b'e tZv/ FfjoK tZb
w{zj u[Ze e/ feT[I d/yDr/.
jo rZb, jo uh} s/ jo ;fEsh
T[d'I jh ;wZf;nk pDdh j? id'I T[j
n;zs[fbs j' iKdh j?. wjKBro dh
uwe-dwe T[d'I jh nkeofFs eodh j?,
id'I nkgD/ FfjoK ftu T[; dk nGkt
B}o nkT[Idk j?. fJj ;oekoK ~ ukjhdk
j? fe T[j j'o FfjoK, e;fpnK ftu fJj'
fij/ nt;o g?dk eoB sK fe tZv/ FfjoK
tZb gbkfJB xZN ;e/. jK, ed/-ed/ fe;/
wjKBro dh ;?o eoBk wkVk BjhI. go
i/ ;dk bJh fJ; dk fjZ;k pDBk ukj[zd/
j' sK fco wjKBroK dh uwe-dwe d/
Bkb-Bkb fB:zfsqs GhV, nktkikJh, fpibh-
gkDh dk ;zeN, gqd{fFs jtk dk th fjZ;k
pDBk gt/rk.
(b/fyek ;[szso gZsoeko j?.)
:'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, 2014 29
rzrk dfonk #u tksktofBe gkDh dk tjkn :ehBh pDkT[Dkrzrk dfonk #u tksktofBe gkDh dk tjkn :ehBh pDkT[Dkrzrk dfonk #u tksktofBe gkDh dk tjkn :ehBh pDkT[Dkrzrk dfonk #u tksktofBe gkDh dk tjkn :ehBh pDkT[Dkrzrk dfonk #u tksktofBe gkDh dk tjkn :ehBh pDkT[Dk
n?`uHn?`; ;/B, fdgKeo x'okfJn?`uHn?`; ;/B, fdgKeo x'okfJn?`uHn?`; ;/B, fdgKeo x'okfJn?`uHn?`; ;/B, fdgKeo x'okfJn?`uHn?`; ;/B, fdgKeo x'okfJ
ftF/F b/yftF/F b/yftF/F b/yftF/F b/yftF/F b/y
M/ sZN tkb/ r[nKYhnK ftu M/ sZN tkb/ r[nKYhnK ftu M/ sZN tkb/ r[nKYhnK ftu M/ sZN tkb/ r[nKYhnK ftu M/ sZN tkb/ r[nKYhnK ftu
;fj:'r dh GktBk fes/ th fJzBh;fj:'r dh GktBk fes/ th fJzBh;fj:'r dh GktBk fes/ th fJzBh;fj:'r dh GktBk fes/ th fJzBh;fj:'r dh GktBk fes/ th fJzBh
Bk}[e BjhI fizBh dZyDh J/FhnkBk}[e BjhI fizBh dZyDh J/FhnkBk}[e BjhI fizBh dZyDh J/FhnkBk}[e BjhI fizBh dZyDh J/FhnkBk}[e BjhI fizBh dZyDh J/Fhnk
dh rzrk-pqjwg[Zso xkNh ftu j?.dh rzrk-pqjwg[Zso xkNh ftu j?.dh rzrk-pqjwg[Zso xkNh ftu j?.dh rzrk-pqjwg[Zso xkNh ftu j?.dh rzrk-pqjwg[Zso xkNh ftu j?.
fes/ th ;fj:'r d/ \kfJd/ fJ;fes/ th ;fj:'r d/ \kfJd/ fJ;fes/ th ;fj:'r d/ \kfJd/ fJ;fes/ th ;fj:'r d/ \kfJd/ fJ;fes/ th ;fj:'r d/ \kfJd/ fJ;
ftu Fkfwb d/FK bJh fJzB/ FkBdkoftu Fkfwb d/FK bJh fJzB/ FkBdkoftu Fkfwb d/FK bJh fJzB/ FkBdkoftu Fkfwb d/FK bJh fJzB/ FkBdkoftu Fkfwb d/FK bJh fJzB/ FkBdko
BjhI jB ns/ ;fj:'r Bk eoBBjhI jB ns/ ;fj:'r Bk eoBBjhI jB ns/ ;fj:'r Bk eoBBjhI jB ns/ ;fj:'r Bk eoBBjhI jB ns/ ;fj:'r Bk eoB
bJh i[owkBk fes/ th fJzBk fGnkBebJh i[owkBk fes/ th fJzBk fGnkBebJh i[owkBk fes/ th fJzBk fGnkBebJh i[owkBk fes/ th fJzBk fGnkBebJh i[owkBk fes/ th fJzBk fGnkBe
BjhI.## irB wfjskBjhI.## irB wfjskBjhI.## irB wfjskBjhI.## irB wfjskBjhI.## irB wfjsk
Gkos ns/ pzrbkd/F ftukb/ tfjzd/
j[rbh-GkrhoEh ns/ rzrk$gdwk-pqjwg[Zso
dfonktK d/ j/mb/ w[jkfBnK ftu s/}h
Bkb tksktofBe tjkn ftu froktN nk
ojh j?. T[g wjKdhg d/ v?bNk y/so ftu
;EkJh tksktoB :ehBh pDkT[D bJh
nzsoMks wkoB s/ Y[Zet/I ekoi dh b'V j?
sK i' dfonkJh gqDkbh d/ tksktoB
tjkn ~ w[V ihts ehsk ik ;e/. rzrk
~ w[V ihts eoB bJh Y[ZethI d]bnzdk}h
dh b'V j? sK i' tksktofBe tjkn d/
;G s'I nfjw nzr, ib-ftfrnkB d/ wkV/
o[MkB ~ mZbQ gkJh ik ;e/ ns/ fB;fus
;w/I ftu fJ; ~ ;EkJh tksktoB tZb
w'fVnk ik ;e/ fi; ;dek nkihtek ftu
;[Xko j' ;e/ (;/B, 2010, ;/B, 2012).
tksktofBe tjkn d/ d{;o/ wjZstg{oB
nzr ;wkfie, ;fGnkukoe, G{r'fbe,
gqfeofse, gkDh dh r[DtZsk ns/ i?fte
fGzBsk j' ;ed/ jB (e"Fb, 2014), fJj
fBoGo eodk j? fe fe;/ dfonk ~ y/so
ftu fJ; d/ \kfJfdnK bJh fe; soQK
t/fynk iKdk j?, i' ob e/ ;zrfms ib
;o's ftek; ns/ gqpzXB ~ iBw fdzd/
jB fi; dh ebgBk Gkos ;oeko d/
e/Idoh ib nk:'r (;h vpb:{ ;h, 2008)
tb'I tksktofBe tjkn w[Zy s"o s/ gD-
fpibh ftek; ns/ f;zikJh :'iBktK d/
ekoeK d[nkok fBoXkos ehsk iKdk j?.
gkDh tosD dh wksok fBoXkoB eoB
tkb/ fB:w, i' tjkn dh do nB[;ko
j[zd/ jB, dk fBoXkoB jkb/ se wB-wkB/
sohe/ Bkb ehsk iKdk j? i' :'iBkpzdh
d"okB \?;b/ bJ/ iKd/ jB fi; ftu g?D
tkb/ gqGktK dh ;whfynk dk e'Jh gqktXkB
BjhI j[zdk, Gkt/I fe jkb jh ftu nfijh
;whfynk bJh :sB ehs/ rJ/ jB, fiBQK
ftu toBD :'r vpb:{ vpb:{ vpb:{
n?c (e"Fb, 2014) i' dfonk d/ ;ko/
o;s/ #s/ ehsk frnk j?. rzrk d/ bkG
dk ft;Ekog{ote toBD ehsk ik u[Zek j?
fi; ftu rzrk ~ d[BhnK d/ ;G s'I T[u
doi/ ftu oZfynk frnk j?. fijV/ f}nkdk
gkDh tosD ns/ gkDh d/ gqd{FB eoe/
]so/ ftu jB (;zxh ns/ e"Fb, 2014).
fJ; ;zpzX ftu vpb:{ vpb:{ n?c -
fJzNoB?FBb, jkb?Iv, ;ftN}ob?Iv d/ nzefVnK
dk jtkbk fdsk frnk j?. gZSwh pzrkb
d/ coZek pzBQ #s/ g[ZiD s'I gfjbK tZy-tZy
okiK EkDhI r[}oB tkb/ dfonkJh gkDh ~
Gkos tb'I fJeZb/ s"o s/ tosD dh
G{fwek, iBse ns/ fBZih y/soK tb'I dZyDh
pzrkb (Gkos) ns/ pzrbkd/F ftu
sEkefEs rbshnK dk gqGkt fJ; y'i
bJh nfjw j?, i' fJ; gou/ dk fpzd{ j?.
fJj d'tK d/FK dhnK ;oekoK tb'I nkg;h
;wM"s/ sfjs, fJe ;w[Zuh :'iBk dh
}o{os ~ T[Gkodk j?.
coZekcoZekcoZekcoZekcoZek pzBQ s/ Gkos-pzrbkd/F ;zXhpzBQ s/ Gkos-pzrbkd/F ;zXhpzBQ s/ Gkos-pzrbkd/F ;zXhpzBQ s/ Gkos-pzrbkd/F ;zXhpzBQ s/ Gkos-pzrbkd/F ;zXh
rzrk s/ coZek pzBQ dh T[;koh ns/
GkrhoEh tZb gkDh w'VB dk ;[Mkn 1853
ftu gfjbK ;o nkoEo ekNB tb'I fdsk
frnk ;h, fi; ~ gZSwh pzrkb ftu
coZek d/ Bkw #s/ oZfynk frnk i' dfonk
d/ j[rbh-GkrhoEh ftu fwbD s'I 17
feb'whNo dfonk d/ T[sb/ gk;/ ;fEs j?
i' Gkos ftu th trdk j? ns/ gdwk-
@@;K@@;K@@;K@@;K@@;K
30 :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, 2014
dfonk s/ b'e, okFNoh dfonkJh ;[oZfynk
fBod/Fkbk, 2009) fJj 1, 2 fuZso ftu
ftykJ/ rJ/ jB. nbeBzdk, GkrhoEh ns/
fJBQK dhnK ;jkfJe BdhnK d/ gqGkfts
fjZ;/ (skfbek-1) T[sokyzv ftu rzrk d/
gkDh d/ ;o'sK ~ ftFkb gZXo #s/ gD-
fpibh ;N/FBK bJh tos'I eofdnK do;kJ/
rJ/ jB (Gkos dk izrbh iht ;z;EkB,
2012) fJj fJe T[dkjoD j?. fJ; s'I
fJbktk, dfonk d/ T[gob/ fjZ;/ ftu
gqd{FB d/ tZy-tZy ;gZFN ns/ n;gZFN
;o's th do;kJ/ rJ/ jB (;zxh ns/
e"Fb, 2014). fJj e[M ]k; jkbks ftu
tksktofBe tjkn ftu f}nkdk :'rdkB
gkT[D tkb/ j' ;ed/ jB. rzrk d/ g{o/
o;s/ ftu gkDh dh xNhnk r[DtZsk (fsqt/
dh) fuZso-3, 4 ftu fdykJh rJh j?l
fJj nzeV/ nZr/ ;[MkT[Id/ jB fe Gkos
;oeko tb'I rzrk n?eFB gbkB-1 (1985),
rzrk n?eFB gbkB-2 (1993), okFNoh
dfonk ;[oZfynk gbkB (1996) okjhI th
fwbi[bh ;cbsk jh gqkgs ehsh ik ;edh
j? i' GftZy ftu f}nkdk ;gZFN ns/
ft;Ekog{oB :'iBkpzdh dh jZedko j?
(;zxh ns/ e"Fb, 2014, okFNoh dfonk
;[oZfynk fBod/Fkbk, 2009). fJBQK ;kfonK
s'I T[s/, tksktoB ftu pdbkn dk
tksktofBe tjkn d/ ;ko/ nzrK #s/ gsZy
:w[Bk
GkrhoEh nbeBzdk
rzrk
Nhjoh v?w
okwrzrk
ski/tkbk
fdZbh
uzpb
f;zX
p/Ntk
e/B
jfod[nko
fpiB"o
Bko'ok
fJbkjkpkd
N'B;
;'B
gBgBh
gNBk
coZek
xZro
r'wsh
rzXe
p[oh rzXe
e';h
gdwk
pqjwg[Zso
w/xBk
GkrhoEhj[rbh
pzrkb dh ykVh
v?w p?o/i
;EkB dk BK
fuZso-1L rzrk, fJ; dhnK ;jkfJe BdhnK ns/ ib gqpzXB
YKfunK dk o/yk-fuZso
;o'sL okFNoh dfonkJh ;KG-;zGkb fBod/Fkbk
(2009), w[\s gj[zu dh nkfrnk j?.
pqjwg[Zso-x/wBk ns/ fJBQK dhnK ;jkfJe
BdhnK i' pzrbkd/F ftu th trdhnK
jB - fJj ;ko/ dfonk ns/ BdhnK nk]o
~ pzrkb dh ykVh ftu ik e/ ;wk iKd/
jB. ib-ftfrnkB dk nB[wkB i' pzBQ d/
jZe ftu brkfJnk frnk ;h, nyho rko
eZYD iK e'beksk pzdorkj bJh ijk}okBh
dh ;zGktBk d/ gZy s'I Bkek\h ;kfps
j'fJnk. fJjh jkb y[Fe w";w d"okB
d'jK d/FK d/ nkg;h \kfJd/ bJh gkDh dh
;KMh tos'I dk j'fJnk, fi; we;d bJh
fJ; dk ;[gBk t/fynk frnk ;h.
1971 ftu pzrbkd/F dh nk}kdh d/
fJedw pknd, gdwk-pqjwg[Zso-w/xBk
dfonkJh gqDkbh ftu xZN j'J/ gkDh d/
tjkn dh ;wZf;nk ~ t/yfdnK j'fJnK,
d'jK d/FK ftukb/ e[M E'VQh fwnkd d/
;wM"s/ ehs/ rJ/. gfjbK 1974 ftu fszB
;kbK bJh ehsk frnk, fco 1977 ns/
nZ;hftnK ftu d' j'o ;wM"s/ ehs/ rJ/,
i' ;ko/ jh f;o/ Bk uVQ ;e/. rzrk d/
gkDh dh tos'I pko/ Gkos-pzrbkd/F ;wM"sk
skfbek-1 L nbeBzdk, GkrhoEh dfonktK s/ T[BQK dhnK ;jkfJe BdhnK dh bzpkJh s/ T[`sokyzv ftu
gD-fpibh gfo:'iBktK #s/ gJ/ gqGkt
dfonk dfonk dh dfonk dk dfonk dk gqGkfts w'V/ rJ/ v[Zp/ dfonk dfonk dh
GkrhoEh xkNh e[Zb bzpkJh w'fVnk fjZ;k v[Zfpnk Gkr bzpkJh dfonk dk d gqfsFs gqGkts bzpkJh
(whNo) (whNo) (whNo) (whNo) gqfsFs dk gqfsFs
GkrhoEh 217000 68031 85400 153431 31 39 70H71
n;hrzrk 20500 10945 0 10945 53 0 53H39
GhbkrBk 109000 20369 19000 39369 19 17 36H12
pkb rzrk 37000 14721 0 14721 40 0 39H79
S'NhnK BdhnK 73000 16401 0 16401 22 0 22H47
nbeBzdk xkNh
nbeBzdk 224000 60412 47100 107512 27 21 48H00
X"bhrzrk 50000 46794 0 46794 94 0 93H59
foFh rzrk 38500 10426 600 11026 27 2 28H64
fpokjh rzrk 29500 21926 0 21926 74 0 74H32
BzdkeBh 44500 15507 0 15507 35 0 34H85
wzdkeBh 81000 34875 500 35375 43 1 43H67
fgzvko 114000 24974 10000 34974 22 9 30H68
;o's L Gkos dk izrbh ihtB pko/ ;z;EkB, 2012l dfonk d/ T[gob/ GkrK ~ fJ; ftu Fkfwb BjhI ehsk frnk.
(1996), i' j[D 30 ;kbK bJh
;jh j?, T[; dk nkXko phs/ 4
djkfenK (1949-1988) dofwnkB
dfonk dk n";s tjkn ;h. 1977
d/ b/y/ sfjs fbnKd/ rJ/ tjkn
ns/ coZek #s/ T[gbpX n;b
tjkn ftukb/ pj[s xZN nB[e{bsk
;h, fi; dk w[Zy ekoB dfonk d/
T[gob/ fjZf;nK ftu pD/ gD-
fpibh xoK dh bzwh ;{uh ns/
pknd d/ djkfenK ftu f;zikJh
:'iBktK ekoB tZv/ tZXo #s/, fBozso
gkDh ~ w'Vk bkT[Dk ;h.
gD-fpibh ftek; dh ;{uhgD-fpibh ftek; dh ;{uhgD-fpibh ftek; dh ;{uhgD-fpibh ftek; dh ;{uhgD-fpibh ftek; dh ;{uh
ns/ f;zikJh :'iBktK, gkDhns/ f;zikJh :'iBktK, gkDhns/ f;zikJh :'iBktK, gkDhns/ f;zikJh :'iBktK, gkDhns/ f;zikJh :'iBktK, gkDh
dh r[DtZskdh r[DtZskdh r[DtZskdh r[DtZskdh r[DtZsk
rzrk dfonk d/ GkrhoEh
ns/ nbeBzdk Bdh dhnK xkNhnK ftu
tZvh ;zfynk ftu gD-fpibh ns/ f;zikJh
:'iBktK F[o{ ehshnK rJhnK (;zxh ns/
e"Fb, 2014, dZyDh J/Fhnk ftu pzBQK,
dfonktK ns/ b'eK dk B?Ntoe). rzrk
d/ gkDh d/ tjkn pko/ fJe o/yk-fuZso,
Bkb gfjbK jh ezw eo oj/ tZvh ;zfynk
ftu gqki?eN, GftZy ftu j'o pj[s ;ko/
pDB tkb/ gqki?eN (pzBQ, dfonktK ns/
b'eK pko/ dZyDh J/Fhnk dk B?Ntoe,
:'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, 2014 31
gqGkt ftjkoe gZXo #s/ t/yD ~ fwbdk
j?. fJj j[D uzrh soQK wzB fbnk frnk
j? fe d[BhnK ftu tX ojh sgF ekoB
d[BhnK Go, ]k; eoe/ fjzd{e[F fjwkfbnk
gopswkbk d/ rb/Fhno fgxb oj/ jB.
ekmwzv{ ;fEs ;zrfms gjkVh ftek; pko/
nzsookFNoh e/Ido (nkJh ;h nkJh n?w
vh) tb'I eotkJh y'i w[skpe rb/FhnoK
s'I dfonktK dhnK xkNhnK tZb gkDh dk
nB[wkBs tjkn fJ; ;dh d/ nzs se
25-50 gqfsFs se xN ikt/rk.
okFNoh dfonkJh ;KG-;zGkb fBod/Fkbk
(2009) d/ w[skpe ekoi ns/ oZy-oykn
dhnK ;wZf;nktK d/ pkti{d dfonk gkDh
dh r[DtZsk ftu (vh U ns/ ph vh U d/
wkwb/ ftu) rzrk n?eFB gbkB s'I gfjbK
d/ ;w/I Bkb'I ;gZFN ;[Xko B}o nk fojk
j?. fJj ;[Xko iB;zfynk ftu tZv/ tkX/
ns/ i?fte gqd{FB dh wksok ftu tZv/
ukb { : 'iBktKukb { : 'iBktKukb { : 'iBktKukb { : 'iBktKukb { : 'iBktK
nr[zvk EkNh (3 w?rk tkN)
pdohBkE-2 (1H25 w?HtkH)
GhbKrBk (22H5 w?HtkH)
fuZbk (144 w?HtkH)
v/pb (5 w?HtkH)
i[wkrkv (1H2 w?HtkH)
wB/oh Gkbh-1 (90 w?HtkH)
wB/oh Gkbh-2 (304 w?HtkH)
fgbkBrVQ (2H25 w?HtkH)
okitesh (3H6 w?HtkH)
Nhjoh ;N/i-1 (1000 w?HtkH)
sg'pB (0H8 w?HtkH)
Ewbh (0H4 w?HtkH)
fsbtkr (0H2 w?HtkH)
T[orw (3 w?HtkH)
tBkbk (15 w?HtkH)
g q;s k fts : 'iB kt Kg q;s k fts : 'iB kt Kg q;s k fts : 'iB kt Kg q;s k fts : 'iB kt Kg q;s k fts : 'iB kt K
nbeBzdk (300 w?HtkH)
n;hrzrk-1 (4H5 w?HtkH)
n;hrzrk-2 (4H5 w?HtkH)
n;hrzrk-3 (9 w?HtkH)
pr"bh (72 w?HtkH)
pkbrzrk-2 (7 w?HtkH)
pKroh (44 w?HtkH)
GhbKrBk-2J/ (24 w?HtkH)
GhbKrBk-2ph (24 w?HtkH)
GhbKrBk-2;h (24 w?HtkH)
fGnzvo rzrk (24H3 w?HtkH)
fpokjh rzrk-1 (24 w?HtkH)
fpokjh rzrk-2 (24 w?HtkH)
p'tbk Bzdgo:kr (300 w?HtkH)
p[nkok (14 w?HtkH)
u[Bh ;/wh (44 w?HtkH)
fdUvh (60 w?HtkH)
d/t;koh (252 w?HtkH)
d/tkbh (13 w?HtkH)
d{Bkfroh (10 w?HtkH)
r"ohe[zv (18H6 w?HtkH)
r'jkBk skb (50 w?HtkH)
ikbzXohrVQ (24 w?HtkH)
i/bkw Nwe (126 w?HtkH)
Mkbke'Nh (12H5 w?HtkH)
eke'okrVQ (12H5 w?HtkH)
ekbvhrVQ (9 w?HtkH)
eoDgq:kw (160 w?HtkH)
fyokU rzrk (4 w?HtkH)
e';k (24 w?HtkH)
e'N p[ZYk edko (6 w?HtkH)
e'Nbh G/b-1J/ (195 w?HtkH)
e'Nbh G/b-1ph (320 w?HtkH)
e'Nbh G/b-2 (530 w?HtkH)
beFwDrzrk (4H4 w?HtkH)
bkNk sg'pB (170 w?HtkH)
fbwukrVQ (3H5 w?HtkH)
wkbkoh i/bw (114 w?HtkH)
wzdkBhrzrk (10 w?HtkH)
wby/s (15 w?HtkH)
fwzr BbrkT[I (114 w?HtkH)
Bzdgq:kr bzrok;{ (100 w?HtkH)
Bk:ko (17 w?HtkH)
gvbh v?w (27 w?HtkH)
fgbkBrVQ-2 (4 w?HtkH)
okwpkVk (24 w?HtkH)
foFh rzrk-1 (70 w?HtkH)
foFh rzrk-2 (35 w?HtkH)
f;nkBrVQ (11H5 w?HtkH)
:[tkohrVQ (2 w?HtkH)
Nwe bsk (250 w?HtkH)
Nhjoh ;N/i-2 (1000 w?HtkH)
T[orw-2 (3H8 w?HtkH)
T[fsnk;{ v?w (1-4) (745 w?HtkH)
rzrk dfonk T[s/ gD-fpibh gfo:'iBktK
dfonk ns/ gD-fpibh gfo:'iBktK
jkov o/; ;[ozr
wjZstg{oB EK
T [; koh nXhB : 'iBktKT [;koh nXhB : 'iBktKT [;koh nXhB : 'iBktKT [;koh nXhB : 'iBktKT [;koh nXhB : 'iBktK
GhbKrBk-3 (24 w?HtkH)
fpokjh rzrk (7H2 w?HtkH)
ekbh rzrk-1 (5 w?HtkH)
ekbh rzrk-2 (4 w?HtkH)
ekbh rzrk-3 (6 w?HtkH)
eN/Fto (400 w?HtkH)
wXwj/Fto (10 w?HtkH)
ckNk fp:[zr (76 w?HtkH)
foFh rzrk (13H2 w?HtkH)
f;zr'bh GNtkoh (99 w?HtkH)
;qhBro (330 w?HtkH)
sg'pB ftF~rVQ (520 w?HtkH)
ftF~rVQ fggbe'Nh (444 w?HtkH)
;o's L dZyDh J/Fhnk dk pzBQK, dfonktK ns/ b'eK pko/B?`Ntoe, nfXekohnK dh nkfrnk Bkb d[pkok Skfgnk frnk j?.
; { u h; { u h; { u h; { u h; { u h
po\ tkbk y/so
tkX/ d/ ;zdoG ftu t/fynk ik fojk j?.
id'I ;kohnK ukb{ :'iBktK ;zg{oB j' ikDrhnK
ns/ g?dk j' oj/ ;ko/ yokp gkDh dh
;wZf;nk ~ jZb eo fbnk ikt/rk sK
dfonkJh gkDh dh r[DtZsk ftu j'o
;[Xko j'D dh nk; ehsh iKdh j?. rzrk
n?eFB gbkB s'I gfjbK ns/ pknd d/
;w/I ~ fXnkB ftu oZy e/, fszB gqw[Zy
wkgdzvK - vh U, phvh U ns/ e"bhckow}
dh i/ s[bBk ehsh ikt/ sK dfonk d/ g{o/
o;s/ ftu Bshi/ jkb/ th ;zs'yiBe BjhI
jB. dfonk d/ j/mb/ y/soK ftu xN
fojk gkDh dk tjkn ns/ yokp j' ojh
gkDh dh r[DtZsk B/ o'}h-o'Nh #s/ eJh
gkf;T[I pj[s p[ok n;o gkfJnk j?.
fw;kb d/ s"o s/ pK; dh eNkJh s'I
pknd dk ;wK (x'okfJ ns/ ;/B, 2014).
fJj ;Zu j? fe coZek pzBQ dh
T[;koh eoB Bkb rzrk d/ gqpzXB ftu
d]bnzdk}hnK j'JhnK jB
fi; B/ ;wZf;nktK ns/
B[e;kB ~ iBw fdsk
j? - gkDh d/ gZXo ftu
spdhbhnK, gkDh SZvD,
rko dk s[oBk, sb dh
YbkD nkfd, i' sb #s/
rko dh iwkn tXD ns/
xND Bkb j[zd/ jB.
fJj gqfefonk okiwjb
s'I coZek d/ Bdh d/ T[sb/
fjZf;nK ftu g{o/ o;s/
ns/ coZek s'I j/mK ek\h
\k;b/ se j[zdh j?. ;/w
tkb/ gZy/ ;Zi/ gk;/ pD
iKd/ jB ns/ rfjok
wkor pzBQ d/ T[go tZb
yZp/ gk;/ ~ j' iKdk j?.
ezfYnK dk eNkn pj[s
f}nkdk j' frnk i' nkw
s"o s/ nr;s s/ ;szpo
d"okB ;G s'I tZX j[zdk
j?. rzrk-gdwk ftu rko
tfjD d/ f;ZX/ s/ nf;ZX/ gqGkt pzrbkd/F
ftu B}o nk oj/ jB fi; Bkb nyho ~
rko dk xNDk ns/ dfonk d/ sb ns/
feBkfonK dk eNkn tX ikt/rk i' wkor
~ gqGkfts eo/rk ns/ iht-izs{ ftfrnkB
;zpzXh spdhbhnK d/ wkor #s/, tZy-tZy
EktK #s/ tfjD ftu coZek ns/ okiwjb
(Mkoyzv ftu 53 feb'whNo T[go tZb)
ftueko spdhbh nkT[D eoe/ ns/ Bshi/
ti'I iht-izs{ ftfrnkB d/ wkgdzvK ftu
pdbkn j'D ekoB, dfonk d/ ezY/ y[oB
ns/ jVQ nkT[D ;zpzXh fJe ft;Ekos
nfXn?B eotkfJnk frnk. fJ; nfXn?B
dk ekbyzv 1955 s'I 2005 ;h i' n?b J/
n?B vh n?; J/ Nh ns/ fJzvhnB fow'N
;?If;zr ;?N/bkJhN (nkJh nko n?;) tb'I
;ko/ dfonkJh wkor d/ bJ/ rJ/ fuZsoK
#s/ nkXkos ;h (mke[o, 2014). fJ;
nfXn?B dh fog'oN ftu dZf;nk frnk fe
32 :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, 2014
dfonk d/ feBko/ y[oB dk w[Zy ekoB
dfonk d/ sb #s/ fwZNh dk gosheoB
j'Dk, okiwjb ftu ;ys uZNkB dk y/so
j'Dk, rko dh f}nkdk fwedko ns/ coZek
pzBQ dh T[;koh nkgD/ nkg ftu fJe
;wZf;nk ;h i' gkDh d/ e[dosh tjkn
ftu o[ektN T[sgzB eodk j?. fJ; d/
fFeko w[Zy s"o s/ wkbNk f}bQ/ d/ wkfBeuZe
ns/ ekbhnkuZe-2 ekbhnkuZe-3 ns/ os{nk
pbke-1 jB. fiE/ fJBQK pbkeK ftu jh
dfonktK
d h e [ Zb
bzpkJh dk
gqfsFs
dfonk dh e[Zb
gqd{fFs bzpkJh
dk gqfsFs
fuZso-4 L Gkosh dfonktK ftu gqd{FB (b/ye dh nkfrnk Bkb gqekfFs ehs/ rJ/ nzefVnK
#s/ nkXkfos nkoH;hHfsqt/dh, http://www.old.cseindia.org/misc/ganga/state_pollution.pdf
rzrk whvhnw ohto} pqjwg[Zso r'dktoh jv; feqFBk wjkBzdk j'o
pkfEzr e[nkfbNh
whB 2005whB 2003
e[Zb ekbhckow} n?w gh n?B$100 fwHbhH
(bkr g?wkB)
FfjoFfjoFfjoFfjoFfjo
foFhe/F, :{HghH
jfod[nko vh$n?`;, :{HghH
rVQw[es/Fto, :{HghH
eB"i :{$n?`; (okixkN) :{HghH
eB"i vh$n?`;, :{HghH
fpm{o (ekBQg[o) :{HghH
ekBQg[o :{$n?`; (okthxkN), :{HghH
ekBQg[o :{$n?`;
(iiwkT{ ghfgzr ;N/FB) :{HghH
nbkjkpkd vh$n?`; (;zrw) :{HghH
tkokD;h :{$n?`; (nk;hxkN) :{HghH
tkokD;h vh$n?; (wkbthnk g[b):{HghH
y[oih, gNBk :{$n?`;, fpjko
T[b{p/ohnk, gZSwh pzrkb
gbNk, gZSwh pzrkb
1977 s'I b? e/ brGr 1670 j?eN/no y/
sh tkbh }whB dk B[e;kB j' u[Zek j?.
fJjh toskok w[oFhdkpkd f}bQ/ d/ tZy-tZy
fJbkfenK dk j? fiE/ tZv/ gZXo #s/ pko-
pko feBko/ y[oB, }whB ftu gkDh GoB
ns/ f;ZN/ ti'I fgzvK ftubh t;'I dh fjios
dhnK xNBktK j'JhnK jB (p?Boih, 1999,
o[dok, 2004) fi; Bkb Gkosh fJbke/
ftu ;zgsh d/ tZvh gZXo #s/ B[e;kB j'J/
jB, i' fe ;kbkBk xNBk pD rJh j?.
gqFk;B tb'I rko Bkb xN/ dfonk
d/ sb #u'I ;VeK dk gqpzX eoB dh Gkosh
;[zdopB #u, o[MkB, fi; dh ehws dfonktK
d/ y[Fe j'D d/ o{g ftu u[ekT[Dh g?Idh
j?, fJj ftek; d/ fpbe[b T[bN j?, fi;
ftu, rbsh Bkb y/so d/ tksktoB ~
B}onzdk} ehsk ik fojk j?.
pzrbkd/F d/ sZNh y/soK ftu th
rko iwQK j'D ns/ ib fBek;h xkNhnK
ns/ dfonkJh wkorK ftu nBktoD dh
gqfefonk dh tZvh do pko/ fog'oNK fJ;bkw
(1999) tb'I fdshnK rJhnK jB fi;
Bkb d/F ftu pko-pko jVQ nkT[Id/ jB
(pzrbkghvhnk).
i?fte fGzBsk dh jkBhi?fte fGzBsk dh jkBhi?fte fGzBsk dh jkBhi?fte fGzBsk dh jkBhi?fte fGzBsk dh jkBh
ne;o dfonk d/ j/mb/ w[jkfBnK,
]k; eoe/ d'jK d/FK ftu c?b/ ;[zdopB
ftu gkDh d/ tjkn ftu nk ojh ewh
eoe/ i?fte fGzBsk d/ o[MkB ftu tkgo
ojhnK spdhbhnK pko/ ;tkb T[mkJ/ iKd/
jB. j[D tksktoB s/}h Bkb pdb fojk
j? ns/ izrb dhnK e[M gqikshnK d/ b'g
j'D Bkb i?fte-fGzBsk s/}h Bkb BFN j'
ojh j?. go fco th fJj eJh ftbZyD
g"fdnK ns/ ikBtoK d/ xo ti'I ezw eo
ojh j?. ;ko/ v?bNk y/so ftu i?fte
fGzBsk d/ BFN j'D d/ eJh ekoB bZG/
rJ/ jB. Gkt/I fe fJ; jkBh dk d'F
tZy-tZy sZsK s/ frDkswe gZy'I wVQBk
;zGt BjhI j?, go fJBQK sZsK ftu'I pj[s
;ko/ wkBt d[nkok f;oi/ ekoeK Bkb fwb
e/, gkDh d/ xN/ tjkn bJh f;ZX/ iK
nf;ZX/ o{g ftu f}zw/tko jB.
pzrbkd/Fpzrbkd/Fpzrbkd/Fpzrbkd/Fpzrbkd/F #u#u#u#u#u gkDhgkDhgkDhgkDhgkDh SZvDkSZvDkSZvDkSZvDkSZvDk s/s/s/s/s/ yko/gByko/gByko/gByko/gByko/gB
dh x[;g?mdh x[;g?mdh x[;g?mdh x[;g?mdh x[;g?m LLLLL nkb'uBkswenkb'uBkswenkb'uBkswenkb'uBkswenkb'uBkswe w[ZbzeDw[ZbzeDw[ZbzeDw[ZbzeDw[ZbzeD
pzrbkd/F ftu j/mbh rzrk dk v?bNk
y/so y/socb gZy'I ekch ftFkb j? ns/
rzGho fXnkB dh wzr eodk j?. 1970
s'I 2011 d/ ;w/I d/ rzrk d/ gkDh SZvD
d/ nzeV/ fJj do;kT[Id/ jB fe y[Fe
nbkjkpkd (o;{bkpkd) :{HghH
gNBk vh$n?`; (rzrk g[b) fpjko
:'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, 2014 33
w";w (Btzpo-wJh) d"okB gkDh dk tjkn,
coZek pzBQ j'Id ftu nkT[D T[gozs 82
gqfsFs se xN frnk j? (nk\o'} ns/
ofjwkB, 2013).
pzrbkd/F tb'I tZy-tZy GkrK pko/
fsnko ehs/ nzeV/ ns/ coZek pzBQ s'I gkDh
w'VB eoe/ d/F d/ tksktoB #s/ g?D tkb/
gqGkt, tXk-uVQk e/ g/F ehs/ rJ/ jB,
feT[Ife T[BQK dk nkXko jw/Fk ftfrnkBe
w[ZbzeD BjhI ;h. d{i/ gk;/, coZek pzBQ s'I
gqkDh gqkgs eoB eoe/ Gkos dh ;whfynk
e[ZM XkoBktK #s/ nkXkos j? i' coZek pzBQ
d/ j'Id ftu nkT[D s'I gfjbK dhnK ;B
ns/ fJ; eoe/ fJj w[ZbzeD nzdk}/ s'I
xZN gqshs j[zdk j?.
GftZyh Bhshrs w[Zd/ ns/GftZyh Bhshrs w[Zd/ ns/GftZyh Bhshrs w[Zd/ ns/GftZyh Bhshrs w[Zd/ ns/GftZyh Bhshrs w[Zd/ ns/
;wkgsh fNZgDhnK;wkgsh fNZgDhnK;wkgsh fNZgDhnK;wkgsh fNZgDhnK;wkgsh fNZgDhnK
Gkos (coZek d/ dZyD) s/ pzrbkd/F
(dZyD gZSw) dh j/mbh rzrk dk v?bNk
y/so dk tksktoB fJe' fijk j? ns/ fJ;
y/so ~ coZek pzBQ s'I xZN tZX gkDh
SZvD ns/ Gkos ftu tZy-tZy EktK #s/
dfonk d/ T[sb/ y/soK ftu gkDh dh
ftrV ojh r[DtZsk eoe/ ]sok g/F nk
fojk j?. d'tK d/FK bJh fJj ;KMk s"ybk
j'D eoe/, }o{os j? fe ;w[Zfus ns/
e/Idfos gj[zu ngDkJh ikt/ fi; tk;s/
j/mK e[M ;[Mkn rJ/ jB i' ;[ykt/I jZb
bJh c"oh s"o s/ bkr{ eoB/ ukjhd/ jB.
• coZek pzBQ dh pBktN ns/ fJE'IgkDh SZvD ns/ tzv #s/ d[pkok r"o eoB
dh b'V j? i' rzrk dfonk d/ T[gob/
y/soK ftu gkDh d/ nB[wkBs tjkn ~
fXnkB ftu oZy e/ bzw/ ;w/I dh ;'u
w[skpe ehsk ikDk ukjhdk j?. fJj d'BK
d/FK d/ fjs ftu j't/rk ns/ i/ }o{oh
j't/ sK Bt/I fB:wK pko/ th \?;bk fbnk
ik ;edk j?.
• fsZps s'I fBebD tkb/ rzrk-pqjwg[Zso dfonktK d/ gkDh dk nB[wkBs
tjkn fi; dk nkXko fgxb oj/
rb/Fhno ns/ tksktoB ftu pdbkn
ekoB g?dk j' oj/ wkgdzvK dhnK
nfBFfussktK jB, pko/ w[V s'I nfXn?B
eoB ns/ Y[et/I tksktofBe wkvbK Bkb
gkDh dh tzv d/ GftZyh B/w s? eoB dh
b'V j? sK i' coZek pzBQ s'I tZy-tZy
;fwnK d"okB g{oh ;Nhesk Bkb gkDh dh
tzv ehsh ik ;e/.
• Gkos ftu BthnK ;Ekfgs ehshnKikD tkbhnK gD-fpibh :'iBktK s/ f;zikJh
:'iBktK #s/ rzGho ftuko tNKdok ehs/
ikD dh b'V j?. fJ; d/ bJh T[sb/ y/soK
ftu dfonkJh gkDh SZvD d/ ;]s ek~B
s/ w[ZbzeD }o{oh b'V j'D/ ukjhd/ jB sK
fe y/so dk tksktoB gqGkfts Bk j't/.
• T[sb/ y/soK ftu gfjbK s'I ;Ekfgsns/ ezw eo ojhnK gD-fpibh ns/
f;zikJh :'iBktK dh, gkDh SZvD d/ B/wK
d/ ;zdoG ftu, w[V s'I ;whfynk ehs/
ikD dh b'V j? ns/ i/ }o{os j't/ sK
fJBQK ~ ;'fXnk ikt/ sK fe y/so dk
tksktoB ;zs[bB pfDnk oj/.
• gkDh dh |?o-ek~Bh u'oh ~vZeD bJh, i' Gkos ftu fBZih J/iz;hnK
tb'I ehsh iKdh j?, gqFk;fBe u"e;h pDkJh
oZyDh ukjhdh j?.
• oDBhse EktK #s/, ftF/F EktKbJh ;zrfms ib ftek; ns/ gqpzXB
;ehwK, dfonk dh e[Zb bzpkJh ftu ns/
tZy-tZy ;wK ;koDh w[skfpe pDkJhnK
ikDhnK ukjhdhnK jB. fJBQK ~ nwb
ftu fbnkT[D bJh Yzr sohe/, fi; ftu
;EkBe tk;hnK dh T[g:[es Gkrhdkoh
j't/, fsnko ehs/ ikD/ ukjhd/ jB sK i'
Gkos #u ;kok ;kb fwfEnk j'fJnk gkDh
dk tjkn :ehBh pDkfJnk ik ;e/.
• Gkos ftu ]k; eoe/, fwZNh ns/gkDh d/ yko/gB, tjkn dh do, BfjoK d/
T[sko uVQkn, rko ibftfrnkB d/ wkgdzv,
dfonktK okjhI e'beksk pzdorkj #s/
nktkikJh, Xosh j/mb/ gkDh dh ;sj
ns/ r[DtZsk, i?fte fGzBsk d/ nfjw
nzr, ns/ d{;o/ ;zpzfXs wkgdzvK ~, j/mb/
v?bNk y/soK ftu gkDh d/ tjkn d/
wkwb/ ftu yk; fXnkB ftu oZyDk ukjhdk
j?. fJ; dh fBrokBh bJh gzi ;kbK dh
fJe ;zrfms :'iBk pDkJh ikt/ i' fJe
e/Idoh ekoi db j' ;edk j? fi; ftu
ftfrnkBh, |?o-;oekoh ;z;EktK, ;oekoh
nfXekoh, ;EkBe tk;h Fkfwb j'D ns/
fJ; ~ iBse y/so ftu oZfynk ikt/.
fJ;/ soQK dhnK jh :'iBktK pzrbkd/F
tb'I th pDkJhnK ikDhnK ukjhdhnK jB.
d'jK d/FK d/ gqw[Zy ftneshnK dh fJe
Nhw ~ nkg; ftu rZbpks eoe/ ;kb
ftu fJe tko gqrsh dh ;whfynk eoe/,
;[Xko bJh ;[Mkn g/F eoB/ ukjhd/ jB
sK fe fwE/ Nhu/ jk;b j' ;eD.
fJj :kd oZyDk ukjhdk j? fe d'jK
d/FK dk j/mbh rzrk dk v?bNk y/so tZv/
s"o s/ sZNh fJbkek j? ns/ tksktofBe
;zeNK eoe/ g?dk j' ojhnK p/fB:whnK
eoe/ ew}'o j?, fi; ~ o'eDk fe;/ d/
p; ftu BjhI. rzrk dfonk d/ B?Ntoe
d/ ftrV oj/ tksktofBe tjkn s'I g?Idk
j'D tkb/ d{i/ sZs fJbke/ d/ t;BheK
dhnK w[FfebK ftu tkXk eoe/ jB.
n;hI wzBd/ jK fe d'jK d/FK d/ fJBQK
y/soK d/ tk;hnK dh o'}h-o'Nh ftu ;[Xko
ykso tksktoB ftu ;[Xko eoB d/ S'N/
o;s/ BjhI ngDkT[D/ ukjhd/. fJ; eoe/
T[go fds/ ;[MktK #s/ fXnkBg{ote ftuko
eoBk b'VhIdk j?.
(b/ye eqwtko ;kpe fBod/Fe, ;?INob oh;ou
fJz;NhfuT{N cko i{N n?Iv nbkJhv ckJhpo},
p?oeg[o, gZSwh pzrkb ns/ feqFh ftfrnkB
e/Ido ;?INob oh;ou fJz;NhfuT{N cko i{N
n?Iv nbkJhv ckJhpo}, p[vp[v p[odtkB,
gZSwh pzrkb jB.)
e-mail :hssen.india@gmail.com
:dipankarghoraivk@gmail.com
34 :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, 2014
ftF/F b/yftF/F b/yftF/F b/yftF/F b/yftF/F b/y
xZro dfonk L gqd{FB s/ ;zGkth T[gknxZro dfonk L gqd{FB s/ ;zGkth T[gknxZro dfonk L gqd{FB s/ ;zGkth T[gknxZro dfonk L gqd{FB s/ ;zGkth T[gknxZro dfonk L gqd{FB s/ ;zGkth T[gkn
uoBihs f;zx @BkGk#uoBihs f;zx @BkGk#uoBihs f;zx @BkGk#uoBihs f;zx @BkGk#uoBihs f;zx @BkGk#
fsjk; LtoswkB xZro dfonk
fe;/ ;w/I ;o;tsh Bdh dk
fjZ;k ;h, fi; ~ v{zxhnK ftfrnkBe y'iK
B/ g[ysk ;p{sK Bkb f;ZX ehsk j?.
brGr d; j}ko ;kb gfjbK id'I w";wh
spdhbhnK ekoB fjwkfbnk s'I tZvhnK
BdhnK okjhI s/} gkDh w?dkBh fJbkfenK
ftu gj[zuD/ F[o{ j'J/ sK fJBQK BdhnK
d[nkb/ ;fGnksktK dk ftek; j'fJnk.
gkDh dh T[gbpXsk ns/ }oy/} Xosh B/
y/shpkVh ns/ j'o feZfsnK ~ tXkfJnk.
nZi dk oki;EkB T[; ;w/I ;G s'I ozrbk,
jfonk-Gfonk w?dkB ;h feT[Ife gZSwh
rVQtkb d/ rb/FhnoK s'I fBebh ;o;tsh
Bdh fjwkub, gzikp, jfonkDk s'I j[zdh
j'Jh ns/ oki;EkB ~ f;zidh r[ioks'I gko
eZS dh ykVh okjhI nop ;kro ftu
fvrdh ;h. fJ; dk f}eo tZy-tZy t/dK,
g[okDK, wB{ ;fwqsh, wjKGkos nkfd rqzEK
ftu th nkT[Idk j?. fort/d nB[;ko fJ;
y/so ftu ;Zs tZvhnK BdhnK tfjzdhnK
;B L fiBQK ftu ;o;tsh ns/ f;zX{ gqw[Zy
BdhnK s'I fJbktk Fskdo{ (;sb[i), fpgkFk
(fpnk;), n;feBh (uBkp), noktsh (okth)
ns/ ftskFk (i/jbw) ;B.
;o;tsh dhnK ;jkfJe BdhnK ftu
Fskdo{ (;sb[i), :w[Bk ns/ fdq;d/tsh
(xZro) gqw[Zy ;B. brGr 2000 ;kb
se ;o;tsh fJ; }oy/} Xosh dh o{j
pDh ojh. go j[D s'I nzdk}B 6000
;kb gfjbK fjwkfbnk dh j'Jh T[Eb-
g[Eb s'I pknd ;o;tsh Bdh nkgD/ w{b
ib ;o'sK s'I fBZyV rJh ns/ f;o\
;jkfJe BdhnK d/ Bho Bkb fiT[Idh
ojh. fco ;jkfJe BdhnK ]k; eoe/
;sb[i ns/ :w[Bk B/ nkgDk o[] pdb
fbnk ns/ ;o;tsh Bho-ofjs j[zdh ubh
rJh. ;p} oki;EkB o/sbk ns/ pzio
pDB bZrk ns/ fJj ;o;tsh oki;EkB
d/ o/s d/ fNZfpnK ftu nkgDk ti{d r[nk
p?mh. fJ; Bdh ~ oki;EkB ftu jiok
ns/ f;zX ftu Bkok Bdh efjzd/ jB.
w"i{dk G{r'fbe ;fEshw"i{dk G{r'fbe ;fEshw"i{dk G{r'fbe ;fEshw"i{dk G{r'fbe ;fEshw"i{dk G{r'fbe ;fEsh
xZro nZi ;o;tsh d/ ntF/F ti'I
fjwkub, jfonkDk ns/ gzikp dh Xosh
#s/ w"i{d j? fi; d/ Bho dk nkgDk e'Jh
;o's BjhI fojk fi; ekoB fJj ;fjedh
jh B}o nkT[Idh j?. f;ow"o dh gjkVh s'I
po;ksh gkDh d/ fBek; d/ s"o s/ fJ;
dk nkozG j[zdk j? ns/ fJj jfonkDk d/
w'oBh gjkVK ftu j[zdh gzikp d/ w?dkBh
fJbke/ ftu gzikp ns/ jfonkDk dh
;{pkJh jZd pDdh oki;EkB d/ fNZfpnK
ftu b'g j' iKdh j?. j[D xZro dfonk
fijV/ ed/ ;o;tsh Bdh d/ s"o s/ t/dK,
g[okDK ns/ j'o Xkofwe rzqEK ftu g{fink
iKdk ;h, dk ti{d nZi gzikp d/ wkbt/
d/ tZv/ fyZs/, jfonkDk ns/ fjwkub d/
e[M y/so dk ;hto/i ns/ po;ks dk
gkDh fbikT[D tkb/ Bkb/ d/ o{g ftu jh
ofj frnk j?.
d{fFs gkDh dh ;wZf;nkd{fFs gkDh dh ;wZf;nkd{fFs gkDh dh ;wZf;nkd{fFs gkDh dh ;wZf;nkd{fFs gkDh dh ;wZf;nk
GkJh ekjB f;zx BkGk d/ wjkB e'F
d/ gzBk 438 #s/ fJ; Bdh dh fJfsjk;e
wjZssk ~ do;kfJnk frnk j?, go j[D
fJj Bdh d{fFs Bdh ti'I th fJfsjk; d/
gzfBnK #s/ nkgDk Bkw nzfes eotkT[D
bJh ;G s'I nZr/ j?. fJ; Bdh d/ ib
gqd{FB d/ ;o'sK ~ ;wMD bJh fJ; d/
;jkfJe BkfbnK ~ w"i{dk G{r'fbe jZdK
d/ dkfJo/ j/m ofj e/ ftukoBk j't/rk.
• fjwkub gqd/F L feT[Ife fJjdfonk f;ow"o dhnK gjkVhnK s'I fBebdk
j? sK BkjB, ekbk nzp, gotkD{ nkfd dk
fBek; fJ; ~ gbhs eoBk F[o{ eodk
j?. ekb/ nzp dk fBek; iZNK tkb/ u'n
okjhI wkoezvk Bdh ftu g?Idk j? id fe
gotkD{ dk fBek; e[FZfbnk u'n d[nkok
xZro ftu g?Idk j?.
• jfonkDk L id'I fJj dfonk
fJfJfJfJfJ
:'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, 2014 35
jfonkDk ftu dk]b j[zdk j? sK gzue{bk
dk fBek; f;zx u'n okjhI ;[yBk u'n ftu
ns/ nzs ;[yBk u'n }hoeg[o B/V/ xZro
se b? iKdk j?.
x/b Bkbk Lx/b Bkbk Lx/b Bkbk Lx/b Bkbk Lx/b Bkbk L fJj Bkbk nzpkbk
Ffjo ns/ T[d:'rK dk ;kok nD;'fXnk
fBek; b? e/ fgzv T[Bs;o (f}bQk gfNnkbk)
B/V/ xZro dfonk ftu fvZrdk j?.
NKroh-wkoezvk BdhnK LNKroh-wkoezvk BdhnK LNKroh-wkoezvk BdhnK LNKroh-wkoezvk BdhnK LNKroh-wkoezvk BdhnK L fJBQK
BdhnK ftu jfonkDk d/ e[M FfjoK, ]k;
eoe/ Fkjpkd wkoezvk, ;Y"ok nkfd ns/
bkrb/ fgzvK dk nD;'fXnk gkDh ns/
tZy-tZy T[d:'rK dk fBek; g?Idk j?.
NKroh Bdh fgzv p[ZXw"V (gzikp) bkr/
wkoezvk Bdh ftu fwbdh j? i' nZr/
jfonkDk d/ fgzv XBj'sk B/V/ xZro ftu
fwb iKdh j?.
;kro gkVk Bkbk L;kro gkVk Bkbk L;kro gkVk Bkbk L;kro gkVk Bkbk L;kro gkVk Bkbk L fJ; ~
;o;tsh vo/B th fejk iKdk j? i'
e[o{eF/so, Fkjpkd ns/ gj/tk Ffjo dk
rzdk gkDh ns/ bkrb/ T[d:'rK dk rzdk
gkDh fgzv o;"bh (gksVK) B/V/ xZro ftu
gkT[Idk j?.
e?Eb Bkbk Le?Eb Bkbk Le?Eb Bkbk Le?Eb Bkbk Le?Eb Bkbk L fJj Bkbk e?Eb ns/
fJ; vo/B d/ bkrb/ fgzv ns/ T[d:'rK
dk fBek; yB"oh (gzikp) B/V/ xZro ftu
;[ZNdk j?.
• gzikp L xZro Bdh gzikp ns/jfonkDk dh jZd d/ Bkb-Bkb tfjzdh
nzsookih ;ojZd th j?, fi; ekoB fJ;
dh d[odFk j'o dfonktK Bkb'I f}nkdk j?
feT[Ife fJ; dh r[DtZsk ~ f;nk;h r[DtZsk
d/ g?wkB/ #s/ f}nkdk gofynk iKdk j?.
sd/ fJ; d/ bkrb/ b'e nkJ/ ;kb
po;ks ftu jVQK dh wko MZbd/ jB.
jVQK dh wko th nkw dfonktK d/ jVQK
s'I tZyoh j[zdh j? feT[Ife xZro d/ jVQK
Bkb ;w[Zuk rzdk gkDh i' fJ; ftu tfj
fojk j[zdk j?, nkb/-d[nkb/ tV e/ y/sK,
xoK ftu efjo Ykj[zdk j?. id'I fJj
dfonk }hoeg[o B/V/ gzikp ftu dk]b
j[zdk j? T[d'I s'I jh tZy-tZy u'n ns/ Bkb/
fJ; ~ d{fFs eoB brd/ jB.
;[yBk u'n L;[yBk u'n L;[yBk u'n L;[yBk u'n L;[yBk u'n L fJj uzvhrVQ ns/
gzue{bk dk fBek; b? e/ Gzyog[o B/V/
xZro ftu fvZrdk j?.
Ykph Bkbk LYkph Bkbk LYkph Bkbk LYkph Bkbk LYkph Bkbk L fJ; ftu v/okp;h
Ffjo dk fBek; y[ZbQ/ Bkb/ okjhI ns/
T[d:'fre c'eb g[nkfJzN v/okp;h dk
gkDh fvZrdk j? ns/ fJj Ykph Bkbk th
Gzyog[o B/V/ xZro ftu fvZrdk j?.
po;"bh Bkbk Lpo;"bh Bkbk Lpo;"bh Bkbk Lpo;"bh Bkbk Lpo;"bh Bkbk L fJj Bkbk SSo"bh
s'I F[o{ j' e/ i"bK-ebK, ;of;Dh, f;skog[o
ns/ po;"bh nkfd ns/ bkrb/ fgzvK dk
fBek; b? e/ Mowb u'n ftu fwb iKdk
j?.
Mowb u'n LMowb u'n LMowb u'n LMowb u'n LMowb u'n L fJj u'n dZgo,
uXj/Vh, ;wkbj/Vh, j;Bg[o, bkbV{, v?jo
ns/ fNtkDk fgzvK dk fBek; b? e/ fNtkDk
fgzv s'I E'VQk EZb/ xZro ftu bhB j' iKdk
j?.
j;Bg[o ns/ ;of;Dh u'n Lj;Bg[o ns/ ;of;Dh u'n Lj;Bg[o ns/ ;of;Dh u'n Lj;Bg[o ns/ ;of;Dh u'n Lj;Bg[o ns/ ;of;Dh u'n L fJj
u'n th xZro dfonk ftu fvZrd/ jB.
YekB;{ Bkbk LYekB;{ Bkbk LYekB;{ Bkbk LYekB;{ Bkbk LYekB;{ Bkbk L fJ; ftu uzvhrVQ,
w[jkbh d/ fBek; s'I fJbktk pB{V, okig[ok
dk nD;'fXnk gkDh fvZrdk j? ns/ fJj
Bkbk ;okbk y[od (xB"o) bkr/ xZro
dfonk ftu fwb iKdk j?.
gfNnkbk Bdh LgfNnkbk Bdh LgfNnkbk Bdh LgfNnkbk Bdh LgfNnkbk Bdh L fJ; ~ gfNnkbk
eh okU eoe/ th ikfDnk iKdk fojk j?
fi; dk nkozG fFtkfbe dhnK gjkVhnK
(f}bQk o'gV) s'I F[o{ j[zdk fojk j?. fJj
Bdh th tZy-tZy FfjoK s/ fgzvK d/ fBek;
s'I fpBK e[M th BjhI feT[Ife fJ; d/
gkDhnK ~ w[ZbKg[o rohpdk; B/V/ fgzv
gVu bkr/ pzBQ wko e/ y/sh bJh tofsnk
ikD bZrk j?. fJ; ftu gfNnkbk ns/
;B"o s'I fJbktk XB"oh, vekbk, vo'bk,
vo'bh, d{XB, ibkby/Vk, ebkoK, G?Dh,
g[;o'g[o, w?D, F/owkiok, so/B, jkihwkiok
fgzvK dk gkDh b? e/ osBj/Vh B/V/ xZro
ftu g?Idh j?.
Mzp'tkbh u'n LMzp'tkbh u'n LMzp'tkbh u'n LMzp'tkbh u'n LMzp'tkbh u'n L fJj u'n ;wkDk,
d[rkb, jfonkUI, ykB/tkb, BtK rkT[I,
gksVK dk fBek; b? e/ fgzv uzd{ (;zro{o)
B/V/ xZro ftu fvZrdk j?.
;ojzd u'n L;ojzd u'n L;ojzd u'n L;ojzd u'n L;ojzd u'n L fJ; ftu ;ojzd,
p;h gmkDk, wzvh r'fpzdrVQ, BkGk, ;zro{o,
;[Bkw, b'Ir'tkb, Ghyh dk fBek; g?Idk j?
ns/ fJj fgzv ykJh (f}bQk wkB;k) bkr/
xZro ftu fvZrdk j?.
bfjokrkrk u'n Lbfjokrkrk u'n Lbfjokrkrk u'n Lbfjokrkrk u'n Lbfjokrkrk u'n L fJj bfjokrkrk
Ffjo ns/ bkrb/ fgzvK dk fBek; b? e/
fgzv uKdg[o (jfonkDk) bkr/ xZro ftu
fwbdk j?.
fJBQK u'nK ns/ BkfbnK ;w/s gzikp
d/ osBj/Vh, jouzdg[ok, BtK jouzdg[ok,
o;"bh, fSSotkb, yB"oh, noB/N{, uzd{,
wzvth, weo"V ;kfjp, cbkd, w{De, G{zdV,
;od{brVQ (E'VQk ;'XD pknd) ns/ jfonkDk
d/ ikyb ns/ oZshnK dk fBek; f;ZX/ s"o
s/ xZro dfonk ftu fvZrdk fojk j?.
T[go'es ;ko/ BkfbnK, u'nK ns/
xZro dfonk d/ Bkb-Bkb gzikp ftu
;fEsh ;ko/ tZv/, dofwnkB/ ns/ S'N/
T[d:'rK B/ p/FZe ib ;'Xe :zso brkJ/
j'J/ jB ns/ fJBQK gbKNK dh fBozso
w'BhNfozr ehsh iKdh j? ns/ gkDh fe;/
th Bdh Bkb/ iK u'n ftu gkJ/ ikDk
ek~Bh s"o s/ tofis j? go fJBQK T[d:'rK
~ g{oh soQK ebhB fuN th BjhI fdsh ik
;edh ns/ fJBQK #s/ pki nZy oZyDh
;w/I dh wzr j?. id fe jfonkDk d/
pj[s/ T[d:'r ni/ th BkfbnK, u'nK ns/
36 :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, 2014
BdhnK ftu rzd/-gkDh s/ o;kfJD dk
fBek; eoe/ xZro se gj[zuk oj/ jB.
T[gokb/T[gokb/T[gokb/T[gokb/T[gokb/
xZro d/ d{fFs gkDh dh fJe
fteokb ;wZf;nk j? fi; pko/ bzp/ ;w/I
dh Nkb-wN'b s'I pknd j[D ;oekoK B/
;'uDk jh BjhI ;r'I ekoro edw u[ZeD/
F[o{ ehs/ jB. fi; ftu tZy-tZy FfjoK
fiBQK dk rzdk gkDh f;ZX/ iK nf;ZX/ o{g
ftu xZro ftu fvZr fojk j?, ftu
;ht/i NohNw?IN gbKN brkT[Dk gqw[Zy
jB.
• fjwkub gqd/F L BkjB, ekbknzp ns/ gqtkD{ d/ T[d:'rK ns/ Ffjoh
fBek; dk e'Jh NohNw?IN gbKN ni/ BjhI
brkfJnk frnk fi; ekoB fJBQK FfjoK
dk nD;'fXnk fBek; ni/ th xZro ftu
g? fojk j?.
• jfonkDk L jfonkDk d/ 20FfjoK dk fBek; xZro ftu g? fojk ;h,
fiBQK ftu'I frnkoK FfjoK, BokfJDrVQ,
e?Eb, ebkfJs, nzpkbk Ffjo, r{jbk
uhek, N'jkDk, \fsnkpkd, f;o;k (e[ZM
fjZ;k) BotkDk (e[M fjZ;k) gzue{bk ns/
uzvh wzfdo d/ e[Zb 199H5 fwbhnB bhNo
gqfs fdB (n?wHn?bHvhH) dh ;woZEk tkb/
;ht/i NohNw?IN gbKN bZr u[Ze/ jB ns/
ukb{ jB ns/ pkeh B¯ FfjoK gj/tk,
Fkjpkd, ekbek, fgzi"o, nzpkbk SkT[Dh,
oZshnk, f;o;k (pkeh fjZ;k) J/bBkpkd,
BotkDk (pkeh fjZ;k) d/ 73 n?wHn?bHvhH
d/ ;ht/i NohNw?IN gbKN d;zpo 2015
se bZr e/ ukb{ j' ikDr/.
• gzikp L e[Zb 21 FfjoK dk gkDhf;ZX/, nf;ZX/ o{g ftu xZro ftu ik fojk
j? fiBQK ftu'I uko Ffjo, }hoeg[o, ;od{brVQ,
w'jkbh ns/ ;wkDk d/ e[Zb 76H4 n?wHn?bHvhH
;woZEk d/ ;ht/i NohNw?IN gbKN uZb u[Ze/
jB. id fe 8 FfjoK, okig[ok, wzvh
r'fpzdrVQ, gfNnkbk, bfjokrkrk, pB{V,
yB"oh, w{De, gksVK d/ e[Zb 109 n?wHn?bH
vhH d/ NohNw?IN gbKN i{B 2015 se
ukb{ j' ikD dh T[whd j?. fJ; s'I
fJbktk 5 FfjoK, v/okp;h, p;h gkmkDk,
;ojzd, BkGk, ;B"o d/ 32 n?wHn?bHvhH d/
NohNw?IN gbkNK d/ gbkN ~ nzfsw S'jK
fdshnK ik ojhnK jB id fe b¯r'tkb,
;[Bkw, ;zro{o ns/ Ghyh d/ brkJ/ ikD
tkb/ ;hto/} NohNw?IN gbKN ni/ w[ZYbh
:'iBkpzdh nXhB jB.
; [Mkn; [Mkn; [Mkn; [Mkn; [Mkn
• T[go'es uouk s'I fJj ;gZFN j?fe xZro dfonk ftu d{fFs gkDh dh
;wZf;nk fJ; dfonk d/ nkgD/ w{b ib
;o's s'I g{oh soQK N[ZN ikD ekoB F[o{
j'Jh j? feT[Ife ;tZS gkDh ftu ;t?
F[ZXheoB dh fJe pj[s tZvh ]{ph e[dosh
B/ fBtk}h j'Jh j?. fizBh d/o fJ; dfonk
bJh brksko ;k\ gkDh dh nkwd dk
;o's bZfGnk ns/ fwfEnk BjhI iKdk T[Bh
d/o ;oeko dhnK ;kohnK e'fFFK ~ p{o
g?D dh ;zGktBk pj[s xZN j?. BdhnK
dk gkDh okiK dk nfXeko j? ns/ fJj
dfonk nzsookih s/ jZd j'D ekoB fJ;
ftu ;k\ gkDh dh nkwd bJh gzikp ns/
jfonkDk dhnK ;oekoK ~ f;nk;h G/VK
s'I T[go T[m e/ gftZso ekbh t/IJhI dh
so} #s/ GkyVk w/B bkJhB iK BotkDk
chvo s'I gkDh gkT[D bJh ftuko eoBk
ukjhdk j? ns/ gkJ/ ikD tkb/ gkDh dh
wksok xZro Bkb brd/ gzikp ns/
jfonkDk d/ y/soK d/ nB[gks nB[;ko
fwZE b?Dh ukjhdh j?.
• tZy-tZy fgzvK ftu pj[s xZNehws (fi; ftu fpibh, wB[Zyh Fesh ns/
o;kfJDK s'I ofjs) dh seBkb'ih, i' j[D
nkw T[gbpX j?, okjhI gkDh ~ ;'X e/ iK
sK y/sh bJh tos fbnk ikt/ iK u'n
nkfd ftu fBek; eo fdsk ikt/. fJ;
seBkb'ih ~ ngDkT[D ns/ tosD bJh
wBo/rk torhnK ;ehwK s'I \zv bJ/ ns/
tos/ ik ;ed/ jB fi; d/ bJh ;EkBe
gzukfJsK nfXekos jB.
• fjwkub gqd/F #s/ dpkn gkfJnkikt/ fe T[j th ;ht/i NohNw?IN gbKN
brkT[D d/ g[ysk gqpzX eo/.
• p/FZe xZro bkrb/ Ffjo fgzvKftu gkDh ~ ;'XD bJh NohNw?IN gbKN
brkJ/ ik oj/ jB go fco th gfNnkbk
Bdh bJh osBj/Vh fgzv B/V/ ns/ Mzp'tkbh
u'n bJh fgzv uzd{ B/V/ tZyo/ ib ;'Xe
gbKN brkJ/ ikD dh sithi th pDkJh
ikt/ feT[Ife ;ojzd u'n dk gkDh ;w/s
po;ks d/ ;w/I, ed/ th xZro dfonk
ftu BjhI gj[zudk ;r'I o;s/ ftu jh
fe;kBK d[nkok tofsnk ik fojk j?.
;oeko d[nkok pDkJh rJh Bhsh
nB[;ko tZy-tZy FfjoK ftu brkJ/ ikD
tkb/ ;ht/i NohNw?IN gbKNK s'I pknd ;'X/
gkDh ~ y/shpkVh bJh tos/ ikD dh
sith} j?. i/ nfijk j' iKdk j? sK
xZro ftu gkDh nkT[Dk ek\h jZd se
ysw jh j' ikt/rk. f;ZN/ ti'I, ;o;tsh
Bdh dh fBFkBh fJj xZro, GftZy ftu
G{r'fbe BeF/ s'I ;o;tsh Bdh tKr b'g
j' ikD dhnK ;zGktBktK j'o tXDhnK
fenk;hnK ik ;edhnK jB.
(b/ye fvgNh vkfJo?eNo (b'e ;zgoe) gzikp
gqd{FD o'eEkw p'ov, gfNnkbk j?.)
e-mail :charanjitnabha1962@gmail.com
:'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, 2014 37
ikp d/ e/Idoh fyZs/ d[nkpk ftu
trd/ fpnk; dfonk dh gqw[Zy
;jkfJe Bdh 160 feb'whNo bzph ekbh
t/JhI r[o{ BkBe d/t ih dh to';kJh
gftZso Bdh j? fi; ftu r[o{ ih 14 ;kb
9 wjhB/ 13 fdB ;[bskBg[o b'Xh fty/
nkgDh mfjo d"okB fJFBkB eod/ oj/.
fJFBkB d"okB nkg ih B/ fJe fdB N[ZGh
brk e/ r[opkDh d/ w{b wzso dk T[ukoB
ehsk. fJ; gqeko fJ; Bdh ~ r[opkDh
d/ gqrN n;EkB ti'I ftbZyD fJfsjk;e
ns/ Xkofwe wjZssk dh gqkgsh j' rJh.
go nc;'; fJ; ~ T[j wkD ;fseko Bk
fdsk frnk fi; dh T[j jZedko ;h.
fJ; d/ Bkb fJj th d[Zy dh rZb j? fe
fJ; sZE ~ B}onzdk} eo fdsk frnk
fe fJj Bdh d[nkp/ d/ fJbke/ d/ Xosh
j/mb/ gkDh dh fJe wjZstg{oB ;o's j'D
ekoB fJE'I d/ b'eK dh ihtB o/yk th j?.
fJ; ftu fJbke/ d/ xo/b{ ;hto/iK dk
gkDh ns/ eko]kfBnK dh }fjohbh t/;N/i
gkT[Dh nkozG eo fdsh rJh ns/ fJ; d/
feBkfonK T[s/ ;fEs Xkofwe n;EkBK dk
th fJ; Bkb'I Bksk s'V fdsk frnk. fJ;
gqeko fJj Bdh b'eK dh p/fXnkBh dk
fFeko j' e/ e{Vk-dkB pD e/ ofj rJh
fi; ftu Bk f;o\ fgzvK FfjoK d/ rzd/
s/ }fjob/ gkDh jh gkT[D/ nkozG eo
fds/ rJ/ ;r'I e{Vk eoeN th fJ; ftu
Y/oh ehsk ikD bZr fgnk. d{i/ gk;/,
nk;-gk; t;d/ b'eK B/ fJ; d/ tjhD d/
oep/ #s/ ep}/ eoe/ T[;kohnK eo bJhnK
ekbh t/JhI dk gotkj L b'eK bJh ;[y dk ;kjekbh t/JhI dk gotkj L b'eK bJh ;[y dk ;kjekbh t/JhI dk gotkj L b'eK bJh ;[y dk ;kjekbh t/JhI dk gotkj L b'eK bJh ;[y dk ;kjekbh t/JhI dk gotkj L b'eK bJh ;[y dk ;kj
vkH jopz; f;zx ukjbvkH jopz; f;zx ukjbvkH jopz; f;zx ukjbvkH jopz; f;zx ukjbvkH jopz; f;zx ukjb
iK T[; ~ g{o e/ \;bK phi bJhnK.
fJ; Bkb ekbh t/JhI woB feBko/ g[Zi
rJh. e[dos u[Zg-ukg fJ; gqeko dhnK
|?o-e[dosh joesK dh ;}k d/ fdzdh j?
ns/ nkgDh e[dosh gqfefonk ~ pjkb
eo b?Idh j?. go fJ; gqfefonk ftu eJh
tko wB[Zy ~ pj[s tZvk yfwnk}k G[rsD
g?Idk j?.
Bdh d/ brGr pzd j' ikD Bkb
j[fFnkog[o f}bQ/ d/ w[e/ohnK-d;{j/ d/
fJbke/ ftu'I tkX{ gkDh dh fBek;h dk
o;sk pzd j' frnk s/ j}koK J/eV }whB
ftu ;/w g? ikD ekoB rohph s/ ezrkbh
B/ nkgD/ g?o gk;ko bJ/. d{i/ gk;/,
eg{oEbk f}bQ/ dk ;kok fJbkek Xosh
j/mb/ gkDh dh ohukofizr pzd j' ikD
Bkb wko{Eb ftu spdhb j'D bZrk.
b'ekJh d/ d[Zy s/ p/p;h ~ wfj;{; eod/
j'J/ ;zs pbpho f;zx ;hu/tkb fiBQK dk
Bkw thjthI ;dh d/ nzfsw djke/ d"okB
d[nkp/ d/ gSV/ fJbke/ ftu ;VeK s/
;hto/iK dh T[;koh d[nkok b'eK d/ wBK
ftu jowB-fgnkosk gqkgs eo fojk ;h,
;fEsh d/ ;[Xko fjZs fJ; fdqF #s/ gqrN
j[zd/ jB. T[BQK ekbh t/JhI Bdh d/ ;[Xko
fjs i[bkJh 2000 ftu eko ;/tk okjhI
iBse w[fjzw dh F[o{nks eo fdsh i'
fgSb/ 13 ;kbK d"okB fBZs Bt/I gVkn
gko eodh s/ Bt/I ehoshwkB ;Ekfgs
eodh rJh.
eko ;/tk d/ F[o{nksh gVkn (2000-
03) d"okB ;[bskBg[o b'Xh fty/ ekbh
t/JhI ftu'I p{Nh ns/ rko pkjo eZY e/
fJ; d/ tjhD dh ;\kJh ehsh rJh.
fJ; d/ d'jK pzBQK ~ T[u/ eo e/ T[BQK #s/
gZEoK Bkb fJFBkB xkN T[;ko/ rJ/.
d'jhI gk;hI fJZNK dhnK gZehnK ;VeK pDk
e/ c[Zb p{N/ brk fds/ rJ/. fJ; Bkb
t/JhI dh e[dosh ;[zdosk ~ uko uzd bZr
rJ/.
eko ;/tk d/ d{;o/ gVkn d"okB
t/JhI d/ w[ZY ;o's XB'nk (f}bQk j[fFnkog[o)
s'I nkozG eoe/ fJ; ftu'I p{Nh s/ rko
eZYD dk i'yw Gfonk ezw ehsk frnk.
Bkb dh Bkb XB'nk s'I b? e/ eKibh
nzsookFNoh okw;o ibrkj se 110
feb'whNo bzpk o;sk th t/JhI d/ ezY/-ezY/
fsnko ehsk frnk.
nrb/ gVkn (2004-05) d"okB
;[bskBg[o b'Xh s'I fBtkD tkb/ gk;/ tZb
t/JhI d/ tjhD dh ;\kJh ehsh rJh.
fJ; d/ Bkb jh fJfsjk;e Bro dh
;[zdosk dh w[fjzw th ftZYh rJh. fJ;
d"okB Bro d/ Bht/I fJbkfenK ftu
}whBh ;hto/i f;;Nw gk e/ rzd/ gkDhnK
dh ;wZf;nk dk jZb ehsk frnk.
eko ;/tk d/ u"E/ gVkn (2006-07)
d"okB Bk f;o\ johe/ ibrkj s'I T[go
tZb ;[bskBg[o b'Xh se t/JhI d/ tjhD
dh ;\kJh eoe/ ;sb[i dk gkDh ;[bskBg[o
se uVQkT[D dk ;cb siopk ehsk frnk
;r'I wzv d/ fJbke/ ~ jVQ dh wko s'I
pukT[D d/ T[gokb/ th nkozG ehs/ rJ/.
tXhnk nwb sohe/tXhnk nwb sohe/tXhnk nwb sohe/tXhnk nwb sohe/tXhnk nwb sohe/
gzgzgzgzgz
38 :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, 2014
fJ; ;w/I se gftZso t/JhI dh ekoi
;/tk B/ d/F-ftd/F d/ p[ZXhihthnK, tksktoB
Fk;sohnK s/ ;wki ;[XkoeK dk fXnkB
fyZuDk eoBk F[o{ eo fdsk ;h. fJ;
gVkn dh fJe wjZstg{oB xNBk ;h
okFNogsh vkH J/HghHi/H npd[b ebkw dk
eko ;/tk Bkb i[VBk. T[BQK ;zs ;hu/tkb
dh ofjB[wkJh j/m uZb ojh fJ; b'e
w[fjzw ~ Gkos dhnK B¯ ;ot'sw gqkgshnK
ftu frfDnk ns/ fJ; ~ nkgD/ okFNogsh
s/ nzsookFNoh GkFBK ftu fJe o'b
wkvb ti'I gqukfonk. T[j ][d th 17
nr;s 2006 ~ eko ;/tk ~ nZyhI
d/yD bJh ;[bskBg[o b'Xh fty/
nkJ/. fJ;/ gqeko fJe tko fco T[j
i[bkJh 2008 ftu ;zs ;hu/tkb d/
ftF/F ;Zd/ #s/ ;[bskBg[o b'Xh fty/
eko ;/tk dh toQ/ rzY d/ ;wkrwK
ftu Fkfwb j'D bJh nkJ/.
2006 s'I pknd eko ;/tk B/
j'o th Bt/I nk:kw gkJ/ jB. ekbh
t/JhI dh gftZsosk ~ gZe/ s"o s/
pjkb eoB d/ :sBK dh eVh ti'I fgzvK
BroK d/ rzd/ gkDhnK d/ pdbt/I gqpzX
eoB d/ siop/ ehs/ rJ/ jB. t/JhI ezY/
d/ fgzvK FfjoK ftu ;hto/i d/ rzd/
gkDhnK ~ NohNw?IN gbKNK ftu ;'X e/
y/sh ftu tosD dk ;cb siopk ehsk
frnk j?. t/JhI ezY/ t;d/ pj[s ;ko/ fgzvK
ftu rzd/ gkDh ~ fJeZmk eoB bJh tos/
iKd/ SZgVK ~ ;k\ eoe/ e[dosh NohNw?IN
gbKNK dk o{g d/ fdsk frnk ns/ }whBh
gkJhgbkJhBK ftSk e/ ;k\ ehsk gkDh
fe;kBK ~ y/sK dh f;zikJh bJh w[jZJhnk
eotkfJnk frnk. fJ; Bkb y/sh dh
T[gi ftu th Gkoh tkXk t/yD ~ fwfbnk.
fJ; gqeko rzd/ gkDhnK dh bkjDs ~
todkB ftu pdb fdsk frnk. t/JhI dh
eko ;/tk d/ nB[Gt s'I gq/oBk b? e/ j[D
t/JhI s'I d{o d/ fgzvK FfjoK ftu th
}whB-d'} ;hto/i ftSkJ/ ik oj/ jB s/
fgzvK dh ekfJnk-ebg ehsk ik fojk j?.
ob-fwb e/ ;KM/ ekoi eoB dh gq/oBk
Bkb b'eK ftu nkg;h oziFK s/ d[FwDhnK
dk ykswk j' fojk j?. eko ;/tk d/ fJe
fjZ;/ ti'I y/sK s/ ftZfdnk dk gq;ko th
s/}h Bkb j' fojk j? fi; d/ f;ZN/ ti'I,
B"itkBK dh wkBf;e f;js ftu ;[Xko j'
fojk j? s/ BfFnK s/ j'o ;wkfie p[okJhnK
dk gqe'g xN fojk j?.
gftZso t/JhI dh eko ;/tk dh
gqGktFhbsk ~ d/yd/ j'J/ gzikp ;oeko
tb'I ekbh t/JhI ~ gftZso Bdh n?bkB
ehsk frnk j? ns/ fJ; d/ Bkb jh
;[bskBg[o b'Xh dh fJfsjk;e Broh ~
th gftZso Ffjo n?bkfBnk frnk j?
(Gkt/I fJ; ~ ;Zuw[u gftZso Ffjo pDkT[D
bJh ni/ pVk e[M eoBk pkeh j?). eko
;/tk d/ gqpzXe ;zs pbpho f;zx ;hu/tkb
~ gzikp ;oeko tb'I oki gZXoh g[o;eko
fdsk frnk s/ gzikp gqd{FB p'ov dk
w?Ipo fB:[es ehsk frnk. nzsookFNoh
gZXo d/ fo;kb/ @NkJhw# tb'I ;zs ;hu/tkb
~ @tksktoB dk BkfJe# dk f]skp fdsk
frnk. :{ n?B U tb'I ftFth sgF s/
gqd{FB dh ;wZf;nk d/ jZb ;zpzXh ftuko
eoB bJh e'gBj?rB (v?Bwkoe) fty/
nk:'fis ehsh rJh ;z;ko d/ Xkofwe
B/sktK d/ ;zw/bB ftu ftuko g/F eoB
bJh ;zs ;hu/tkb ~ ftF/F s"o s/
p[bkfJnk frnk. gzikph :{Bhtof;Nh
gfNnkbk tb'I T[BQK ~ @vhHfbZNH# dh
nkBo/oh fvroh Bkb fBtkfink frnk j?.
gftZso t/JhI dh eko ;/tk B/ gzikp
d/ nkofEe ftek; d/ Bt/I w"e/ g?dk eo
fds/ jB. t/JhI ~ w[V b'eK dh ihtB
o/yk ti'I ;Ekfgs eo fdsk j?. j[fFnkog[o
f}bQ/ dh brGr 6000 J/eV }whB ~
;/w dh wko s'I puk fbnk frnk j? s/
;ko/ fJbke/ ftu ][Fjkbh dk okj
gZXok j' frnk j?. eg{oEb/ f}bQ/ dk
1,35,000 j?eN/no oepk gkDh d/
fvrd/ ;{ue nze s'I pu frnk j?
ns/ }whBh gkDh d/ Gzvko w[V s'I
ohukoi j'D bZr/ jB. t/JhI ezY/
pDhnK ;VeK Bkb b'eK s/ EktK d/
nkg;h ;zgoe s/ nktkikJh ftu
tkXk j'fJnk j? fi; Bkb ftek; dh
o\sko ftu j'o s/}h nk rJh j?.
gftZso t/JhI dh eko ;/tk B/ gzikp
d/ b'eK ftu tksktoB gqfs u/sBk
irkJh j?. j[D gzikp ns/ Gkos d/ d{;o/
e[dosh ib ;o'sK (rzrk s/ iwBk ;w/s)
~ gqd{FB w[es eoB bJh gftZso t/JhI
dh eko ;/tk ~ fJe o'b wkvb ti'I
fbnk ikD bZrk j?. ;w{j ;wki ;[XkoeK
B/ fJ; ~ ;Zu/-;[Zu/ Xkofwe ekoi ti'I
gotkB ehsk j?.
gftZso t/JhI dh eko ;/tk B/ fJj
;kfps eo fdsk j? fe b'eK tb'I
fJeZm/ j' e/ jzGbk wkoB Bkb
n;zGt ~ ;zGt pDkfJnk ik ;edk
j?. nk; j? fe fJ; fJfsjk;e
eko ;/tk, gftZso t/JhI dh gftZsosk
pjkb eoB dk t;hbk sK pD/rh
jh, ;r'I fJj d{;o/ Bdh-BkfbnK
dh gqd{FB w[esh bJh th fJe
wjZstg{oB ;pe ;kfps j't/rh.
(b/ye ekbh t/JhI s/ tksktoB ;zpzXh(b/ye ekbh t/JhI s/ tksktoB ;zpzXh(b/ye ekbh t/JhI s/ tksktoB ;zpzXh(b/ye ekbh t/JhI s/ tksktoB ;zpzXh(b/ye ekbh t/JhI s/ tksktoB ;zpzXh
ftF/FZr j?.)ftF/FZr j?.)ftF/FZr j?.)ftF/FZr j?.)ftF/FZr j?.)
:'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, 2014 39
f;Zfyne ;z;EktK #u tksktoB ;[Xko dhnK ;zGktBkf;Zfyne ;z;EktK #u tksktoB ;[Xko dhnK ;zGktBkf;Zfyne ;z;EktK #u tksktoB ;[Xko dhnK ;zGktBkf;Zfyne ;z;EktK #u tksktoB ;[Xko dhnK ;zGktBkf;Zfyne ;z;EktK #u tksktoB ;[Xko dhnK ;zGktBk
irihs f;zx wkBirihs f;zx wkBirihs f;zx wkBirihs f;zx wkBirihs f;zx wkB
rGr d;-gzdoK ;kbK s'I ;kv/
f;Zfyne ndkfonK ftu fi;
gqeko tksktoB dh ;KG-;zGkb gqfs u/sBk
tXh j?, ftF/F s"o s/ jkJh ns/ ;hBhno
;?ezvoh ;e{bK ftu, T[; ~ t/yfdnK
fdwkr T[go fJj ftuko Gko{ j' iKdk j?
fe e[dosh tksktoB ns/ nkb/-d[nkb/ ~
wB[Zy tb'I fi; soQK gqd{fFs ehsk frnk
j?, T[; ftu S/sh jh ;[Xko j't/rk.
gzikp ;oeko tb'I tksktoB d/ ;[Xko
fjZs nkgDh tuBpXsk gqrN eod/
j'J/ gkm g[;seK ftu th shih
iwks s'I fJ; ftF/ ~ bkr{ ehsk
frnk j?. tksktoB ns/ fJ; ftub/
sZsK ~ wB[Zy tb'I gj[zukJ/ ik oj/
B[e;kB gqfs ikro{e eoB d/ wzst
Bkb nzsookFNoh ns/ okFNoh gZXo
T[go ftF/F fdBK dh x'FBk ehsh
rJh j?. ftfdnkoEhnK ~ nkgD/
nkb/-d[nkb/ gqfs u/szB eoB d/
wzst Bkb e/Ido ;oeko d/ tksktoB
ns/ izrbks wzsokbk tZb'I ftF/F
\zv th fBoXkos ehs/ rJ/ jB.
fiBQK ~ oki ;oekoK dhnK
tksktofDe J/iz;hnK Bkb fwb e/
tksktoB ftu Fkfwb tZy-tZy sZsK
w;bB ib, izrb, }whB ns/ fJ;
ftu tk; eoB tkb/ iht-izs{nK dh
oZfynk ns/ ;[Xko fjZs you ehsk
iKdk j?.
go eh f;Zfyne ndkfonK ftu
tksktoB ;zpzXh ikro{esk w[ekpb/, o?bhnK
nkfd Bkb n;hI ftfdnkoEhnK ftu nkgD/
nkb/-d[nkb/ gqfs fuo ;EkJh ;wM g?dk
eo ;ed/ jK iK nkgDh gVQkJh g{oh eoB
T[gozs ftfdnkoEh nkgD/ ihtB ftu
tksktoB dh ;KG-;zGkb ns/ T[; d/
;[Xko fjZs nkgDk ftneshrs Nhuk
fwEDr/, fJj e[ZM nfij/ ;tkb jB fi;
Bkb jo ftfdnkoEh ~ nkgD/ ;w[Zu/
ihtB ftu d'-uko j'Dk gt/rk. fJ; bJh
fe nZi fi; ;EkB T[go ;kvk e[dosh
tksktoB yVQk j? iK fJT[I efj fbnk ikt/
fe fJ; ftu fBozso fBxko nk fojk j?,
T[; ~ ibdh jh o'eD ns/ s[ozs ;[XkoK
dh gqfefonk fdnkBsdkoh Bkb F[o{ eoB
dh b'V j?. sd jh n;hI nkgDhnK
nkT[D tkbhnK Gkth ghVQhnK bJh fJe
;k\-;[Eok ns/ f;jswzd e[dosh tksktoB
dh ebgBk eo ;ed/ jK. go ;G s'I
gfjbK n;hI nkgD/ ftZfdne ndkfonK
ftu tksktoB ;[Xko dhnK ;zGktBktK ~
sbkF eoB dk :sB eod/ jK.
fJE/ n;hI gqkfJwoh gZXo s'I :{Bhtof;Nh
gZXo se w"i{drh e[dosh tksktoB dh
;fEsh ~ x'yD dk :sB eoKr/. fe;/
gqkfJwoh ;e{b ftu ;t/o ;w/I ;e{b dh
;k\-;\kJh ehsh iKdh j?, e{V/ eoeN d/
o{g ftu fJeZm/ j'J/ ek|}K ns/ pB;gsh
d/ ofjzd-y{zjd ~ nZr brk e/ e{V/ s'I
fB}ks gk bJh iKdh j?. fpbe[b fJj'
fijk jh Yzr-sohek tZvhnK ftZfdne ;z;EktK
ftu nkw tofsnk iKdk j? Gkt/I fe T[E/
e{V/-eoeN ftu e[ZM tZyoh fe;w dk tkXk
}o{o j' iKdk j?. w;bB ezNhB s'I fwbD
tkb/ ykX gdkoEK dh g?fezr bJh tos/
ikD tkb/ ozr-pozr/ fb\k\/ Eow'e'b d/
gbk;fNe d/ pD/ eZg-gb/N nkfd ~ th
nZr d/ jtkb/ eo fdsk iKdk j?. fiE/
nZr bZrD s'I pknd e[M jkBhekoe
;[nkj }whB #s/ fpyo iKdh j? T[E/ pj[s
;kok }fjohbk X{znK ;kvh ekotkJh Bkb
fi; jtk okjhI n;hI nke;h}B b? oj/ jK,
ftu SZv fdsk iKdk j?.
nfijk fe;/ fJe f;Zfyne ;z;Ek
ftu BjhI ;r'I o'} ;t/o ~ j}koK ftZfdne
ndkfonK ftu tkgodk j? ns/ nfij/
ftu nkgD/ nkb/-d[nkb/ ~ rzXbk eoB
dh ekotkJh s'I fet/I pfunk ik ;edk j?.
nkU ftukohJ/ L
• f;Zfynk ndkfonK ~ Eow'e'b iKgbk;fNe T[sgkdK s'I w[es eo d/Dk
ukjhdk j?. ezNhB nkfd ftu fJ; dh
tos'I fpbe[b pzd j'Dh ukjhdh j?. fJ;
dh EK ek|} iK d[pkok tosD:'r eZg-
gb/NK dh tos'I ehsh ik ;edh j?.
gbk;fNe d/ fb\kf\nK ftu pzd ykX-
gdkoEK dh ftZeoh ftZfdne ;w{j ftu
eoBh jh BjhI ukjhdh.
• ndkfonK ftu oZdh d/ o{g ftufBebd/ ek|} ~ d[pkok tos'I ftu
fbnkT[D bJh S'N/ :{fBN jZE Bkb ek|}
tksktoBtksktoBtksktoBtksktoBtksktoB
bbbbb
40 :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, 2014
fsnko eoB tkb/ ;Ekfgs eoB/ ukjhd/
jB. S'N/ ndkfonK ftu BK-wkso bkrs
T[go jZE pD/ ek|} fsnko eotk e/
pZfunK ~ fJBQK dh tos'I bJh T[sFkfjs
ehsk ikDk ukjhdk j?.
• pB;gsh ns/ G'iB dh ofjzd-y{zjd ~ ;w/ND bJh ezg';N yZv/ dh tos'I
~ ftZfdne ndkfonK ftu }o{oh ehsk
ikt/. fJ; Bkb fiE/ n;hI nZr brk e/
nkgD/ tksktoB ~ nS'gb/ fij/ gqd{fFs
eoB dk r[Bkj eod/ jK T[E/ ezg';N yZv/
okjhI rbD:'r e{Vk ;w/N e/ fJe uzrh
ykd gqkgs eo ;ed/ jK. fJ; Bkb fiE/
n;hI rzdrh s'I fB}ks gk ;ed/ jK T[E/
phwkohnK g?dk eoB tkb/ tZy-tZy ekoeK
~ th ysw eo ;ed/ jK. fJ; yZv/ dh
bkrs pj[s jh xZN j?. nfijh ;fEsh
ftu id'I n;hI nkgD/ nkb/-d[nkb/ ~
gqd{fFs eoe/ i' n;hI nkgD/ ihtB dh
ehws T[go nkgDh ekfJBks ~ d/ oj/
j[zd/ jK. i/eo fJj ;kXB ngDk bJ/
ikD sK ;kvhnK f;Zfyne ;z;EktK e{Vk-
eoeN gqpzXB dh fJe S'Nh fijh w{zj
p'bdh s;tho j't/rh. fi; okjhI ;kv/
ftfdnkoEh ;wki ~ tksktofDe ;[XkoK
dk nwbh fujok ftyk ;eDr/.
• i/ gkDh dh rZb eohJ/ sKftZfdne ndkfonK ftu tofsnk ikD
tkbk gkDh brGr jkBhekoe o;kfJDe
gdkoEK s'I w[es j[zdk j?. T[; ~ n;hI
;[uko{ Yzr Bkb fJeZmk eoe/ g"fdnK
nkfd ~ f;ziD bJh tos ;ed/ jK. i/
tZv/ ftZfdne ndko/ jB sK T[BQK ~ ;{oih
T{oik Bkb gkDh ;k\ j'D tkb/ :{fBNK
dh ;EkgBk eoBh ukjhdh j?. fiE'I se
toyk d/ gkDh ~ tosD dk ;tkb j?
;kv/ brGr ;w[Zu/ ndko/ fJ; wjZstg{oB
;tkb dk ;kjwDk eoB s'I nt/;b/ jB.
S'Nk s/ Gkt/I tZvk ndkok j't/, gkDh ;zGkb
d/ sohe/ ~ }o{oh ngDkt/ fJ; Bkb fiE/
ftfdnkoEhnK ftu gkDh dh wjZssk pko/
nwbh o{g ftu ikfrqsh nkt/rh T[E/ n;hI
nkgD/ GftZy bJh th tksktoB ;zGkb dk
iK gkDh ;zGkb d/ okFNoh ufoso dk
ftek; eoKr/. nfijk eoe/ n;hI toyk
d/ gkDh ~ ;w[Zfus o{g ftu nikJhI ikD
s'I o'e ;ed/ jK. T[E/ jo xo ~ toyk
gkDh dh ;zGkb pko/ T[sFkfjs th eo
;ed/ jK. fJj GftZy dh fJe pj[s tZvh
b'V j? fi; bJh ;kv/ f;Zfynk FkFsohnK
~ JhwkBdkoh Bkb nZr/ bZrDk gt/rk.
• T{oik pZus d/ ;zpzX ftu e/Idons/ oki ;oekoK d/ Bkb-Bkb ;wki ;/th
iZE/pzdhnK }'o-F'o Bkb ikro{esk w[fjzw
ubk ojhnK jB ns/ gzikp T{oik dh
ewh Bkb d'-uko j' fojk j?. fJ; ewh
Bkb f;ZMD ftu ;kv/ ftZfdne ndko/
okj fd;/o/ pD ;ed/ jB. ;G s'I gfjbK
nZieZbQ pj[s ;kohnK ;oekoh ns/ |?o-
;oekoh ftZfdne ndkfonK dh T[;koh j'
ojh j?. nfijk j'D dh ;{os ftu
ndkfonK dh pDso nfijh j'Dh ukjhdh
j? fi; ftu fpibh T{oik dh xZN s'I xZN
tos'I j't/. n;hI ;ko/ ikDd/ jK fe gVQkJh
bJh BthnK-BthnK seBheK Gkt Jh-
iwks iK ;wkoN iwksK j'Id ftu nk
ojhnK jB.
fJ;/ gqeko ;k~ nkgDh e[dos dh
;KG-;zGkb ns/ T[; ~ ;[Xko fjZs BthnK-
BthnK seBheK ngDkT[DhnK g?DrhnK.
jtk ns/ o"FBh dk jo ftZfdne ndko/
ftu nfijk gqpzX j'Dk ukjhdk j? sK i'
fpibh T{oik BK-wkso tosh ikt/ ns/
;w[Zu/ ndko/ ~ ;{oih T{oik Bkb uZbD
tkb/ :zsoK Bkb b?; eoBk ukjhdk j?.
nfijk eoBk tZv/ ftZfdne ndkfonK bJh
e'Jh n"yk ezw BjhI j?. tksktoB nBe{b
ftZfdne ndkfonK ftu f;Zfynk gqkgs
eoB tkb/ ftfdnkoEhnK ~ FkfJd GftZy
ftu T{oik pukT[D dk Bknok d/D dh
b'V Bk gt/ feT[Ife BftnkT[D:'r T{oik
]k; s"o s/ ;{oih T{oik dh tos'I gqfs
T[BQK ftu fdqVQsk g?dk j' ikt/rh.
nfij/ e[M S'N/-S'N/ T[gokb/ jB
fiBQK dh :'iBkpX sohe/ Bkb tos'I F[o{
ehsh ik ;edh j?. p/Fe Gkos ;oeko
d/ tksktoB wzsokbk tb'I B?FBb rohB
ekog; (n?B ih ;h) dh F[o{nks ehsh
rJh j? fi; sfjs ;e{bK ftu Jhe'
ebZpK dk rmB ehsk frnk j?. fJj
ebZp ftfdnkoEhnK ~ nkgD/ nkb/-d[nkb/
gqfs ;[u/s eoB ftu Fbkxk:'r G{fwek
fBGk oj/ jB. go j[D ;k~ ikro{esk
w[ekpfbnK s'I nZr/ ik e/ nwbh o{g ftu
nkgDhnK ;z;EktK ~ tksktoB nB[e{b
;z;Ek ftu spdhb eoBk gt/rk. fJ;
;zpzX ftu BthBsw ikDekoh tksktoB
ns/ izrbks wzsokbk iK fJ; ;zpzXh oki
dhnK tksktofDe J/iz;hnK s'I bJh ik
;edh j?.
e[Zb fwbk e/ fJj fejk ik ;edk j?
fe i/ ;kv/ f;Zfyne ndko/ e{Vk-eoeN dk
;jh fBgNkok, ib gqpzXB ns/ ;{oih
T{oik dk ;jh T[g:'r eoB sK ;EkBe
gZXo d/ tksktoB gqd{FB dh ;wZf;nk s'I
ekch jZd se fB}ks gkJh ik ;edh j?
ns/ fJ; Bkb ftfdnkoEhnK ftu nkgD/
nkb/-d[nkb/ dh ;KG-;zGkb gqfs fJe fuo
;EkJh ;wM g?dk j' ;edh j?.
(b/ye tksktoB ;zGkb ;';kfJNh Bkb ;zpzfXs
;orow ekoieosk j?.)
e-mail :pnpp30@yahoo.comftuko
• uzrk ftjko S'N/-S'N/ fsnkr s'I iBw
b?Idk j?. (n?wo;B)
• ftjko frnkB dh i's Bkb nkgD/
gZE ~ o"FB eodk j?. (u?;N ochbv)
• s[;hI d{finK d/ fi; ftjko ~ uzrk
BjhI wzBd/, nkg th d{finK Bkb T[;
soQK Bk eo'. (eBfcT{Fhn;)
• ;dftjko s'I ;;sh j'o e'Jh t;s{
BjhI j?. (J/bB)
:'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, 2014 41
y/shpkVh s/ ykdKy/shpkVh s/ ykdKy/shpkVh s/ ykdKy/shpkVh s/ ykdKy/shpkVh s/ ykdK
gzikp ftu o;kfJDe }fjoK dk efjogzikp ftu o;kfJDe }fjoK dk efjogzikp ftu o;kfJDe }fjoK dk efjogzikp ftu o;kfJDe }fjoK dk efjogzikp ftu o;kfJDe }fjoK dk efjo
ifszdogkb f;zxifszdogkb f;zxifszdogkb f;zxifszdogkb f;zxifszdogkb f;zx
ikp dh ;'Bk T[rbdh Xosh,
f;jswzd b'e, bfjokT[Id/ jo/-
Go/ y/s ikgdk j? fe fe;/ phs/ eZbQ dh
rZb j' rJ/ jB. nZi fJ; oki dk gkDh
}fjohbk j' frnk j?, jtk, r?;K s/ X{zJ/
Bkb gbhs j' rJhnK jB. fJE'I dh
}whB, \;bK, ;p}hnK, cb s/ d[ZX nkfd
ftu o;kfJDh }fjoK dh T[`u wksok iwQK
j' u[Zeh j?. Bowk, egkj, u"b ns/ eDe
dh foekov s'V g?dktko eoe/ fdykT[D
dh d"V ftu Xosh T[go }fjohb/ o;kfJDK
dk dfonk trk fdsk frnk. o;kfJDh
ykdK, T[bhBkFeK, ehNBkFeK B/ }whB dk
eD-eD }fjoK Bkb Go fdsk j?.
o;kfJDh }fjoK d/ gqe'gh f;ZN/ ;kv/
;kjwD/ nkT[D bZr/ jB, tX oj/ e?I;o
wkwfbnK d/ o{g ftu. wkbtk y/so ftu
Bkw[okd phwkoh e?I;o Bkb i{M oj/ b'eK
dh frDsh ftu jo fdB tkXk j' fojk
j?. fJ; y/so d/ fgzvK s/ FfjoK d/ b'eK
dh fJ; phwkoh B/ BhId T[vk fdsh e/ oZy
fdsh j?. w?~ :kd j? fe id'I ed/ wkbt/
d/ pfmzvk f}fbQnK ftu'I bzxd/ ;h sK
;Ve d/ d'B'I gk;/ ehNBkFe dtkJhnK dk
fSVekn j[zdk jh fwbdk ;h. Bow/ s/
egkj d/ jo y/s ftu fe;kB ehNBkFe
dtkJhnK dk p/F[wko fSVekn eoh ik oj/
j[zd/ ;B. nzsookFNoh gZXo dhnK ;z;EktK
d/ nzeV/ th fJj' do;kT[Id/ jB fe fgSb/
20 ;kbK d"okB gzikp oki dh wkbtk
gZNh ftu ehNBkFe dtkJhnK dh fizBh
f}nkdk tos'I j'Jh j?, T[Bh ;z;ko d/ fe;/
j'o Gkr ftu BjhI j'Jh. 1960 JhH s'I
pknd gzikp d/ fe;kBK B/ gfjbK sK vh
vh Nh, fco ph n?u ;h dh tos'I s'I
pknd sK gsk jh BjhI fe fezB/ f}nkdk
ehNBkFeK dk fSVekn eo wkfonk.
fJzv';bckB, n?bvohB, eb'o'v/B, eb'o'-
gkJhohck; s/ j?gNkeb'o torhnK gsk
BjhI fezBhnK jh o;kfJDh }fjoK ~ y/sK
dhnK \;bK T[go fSVfenk ik u[Zek j?.
fJE/ eJh sK nfij/ ehNBkFeK dh tos'I
nZi th XVZb/ Bkb ikoh j? fijV/ fe
fte;s d/FK ftu gkpzdhF[dk jB.
;w[Zu/ J/Fhnk ftu'I Gkos ehNBkFe
dtkJhnK d/ T[sgkdB s/ tos'I d/ wkwb/
ftu gfjb/ Bzpo T[s/ nkT[Idk j?. ;w[Zu/
;z;ko ftu'I d/yhJ/ sK ;kvk d/F 12t/I
Bzpo T[s/ nkT[Idk j?. j[D gzikp tk;h
Gbk fet/I fgS/ ofj ;ed/< ;w[Zu/ Gkos
ftu tos/ iKd/ ehNBkFeK ftu'I seohpB
19 gqfsFs sK gzikp oki ftu jh fSVe/
ik oj/ jB. ;w[Zu/ d/F d/ e[Zb y/socb
ftu'I v/Y gqfsFs y/so ftu c?b/ fJ; oki
ftu ehNBkFe }fjoK dh fJzBh tZvh
wksok ftu tos'I eoBk pj[s fuzskiBe
ftFk pfDnk j'fJnk j?. o;kfJDh }fjoK
d/ p[o/ gqGkt pko/ d[BhnK Go ftu c?bh
ikfrqsh d/ pkti{d, gzikp ehNBkFe o;kfJDK
dh tos'I ftu jo/e ;kb 4H3 gqfsFs
tkXk j' fojk j?. fJ;/ ;G e[M dk Bshik
j? fe gzikp d/ b'eK dhnK ]{B thjDhnK
ftu d"V oj/ bj{ ftu 15 s'I tZX gqeko
d/ }fjohb/ gdkoE d"V oj/ jB. i/eo
gzgzgzgzgz;w[Zu/ ftFt Go d/ nzeV/ d/yhJ/ sK
1956 JhH ftu Gkos ftu 5600 whNoe
NB ehNBkFe dtkJhnK dk T[sgkdB
j[zdk ;h fijVk fe 2001 JhH ftu tX e/
9600 whNoe NB j' frnk. nkJh ;h
n?; nko iK fJzvhnB e¯;b nk\ w?vheb
fo;ou d/ nzeV/ do;kT[Id/ jB fe ;kv/
d/F ftub/ 56 gqfsFs ykD tkb/ gdkoE
nfij/ jB fijV/ ehNBkFe gdkoEK s/
j'oBK o;kfJDh }fjoK Bkb gqd{fFs j'
u[Ze/ jB. fJBQK ftu'I 20 gqfsFs gdkoE
nfij/ jB fiBQK ftu BdhBBkFe dtkJhnk
iK g?;Nh;kJhv} dh wksok ]so/ d/ gZXo
s'I th fes/ f}nkdk j?.
Bow/ s/ egkj dh \;b d/ T[sgkdB
ftu gzikp dk wkbtk y/so fgSb/ gzikj
;kbK d"okB d[BhnK d/ BeF/ T[go T[Gfonk
fojk j?. fJ; \;b dk tZX s'I tZX MkV
b?D dh d"V ftu fJE/ ehV/wko s/ BdhBBkFe
dtkJhnK dh p/F[wko tos'I ehsh rJh.
fi; dk Bshik fJj j'fJnk fe fJE'I dh
}whB ns/ fJ; j/mb/ gkDh ftu }fjohb/
o;kfJDh sZsK dh wksok pj[s f}nkdk
tX rJh. i/ fgSb/ ;ot/yDK d/ nzeV/
d/yhJ/ sK gsk bZrdk j? fe g{o/ gzikp
ftu Bow/ s/ egkj nXhB oepk f;o\ 6
gqfsFs j?. fJ; E'VQ/ fij/ y/so ftu
;w[Zu/ oki ftubh BdhBBkFeK dh e[Zb
ygs ftu'I 35 gqfsFs BdhBkFe tos/
iKd/ oj/ jB. fJ; dk Bshik ;kv/
;kjwD/ j? fe fe;/ ;w/I d[BhnK d/ BeF/
T[go @Bowk gZNh# ti'I T[Go e/ BkwDk
42 :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, 2014
yZND tkbk fJj wkbtk y/so nZi @e?I;o
gZNh# ti'I nkgDh dod Goh dk;skB
fpnkB eo fojk j?.
gzikp d/ wkbtk y/so ftub/ pfmzvk,
wkB;k, cohde'N, w[es;o ns/ ;zro{o
f}bQ/ sK g{oh soQK e?I;o dh wko j/mK nk
u[Ze/ jB. i/ fJBQK f}fbQnK ftub/ e?I;o
wkwfbnK d/ foekov d/yhJ/ sK gsk brdk
j? fe ;G s'I tZX e?I;o wkwb/ pfmzvk s/
wkB;k f}fbQnK ftu'I jh jB. fJBQK d'
f}fbQnK d/ fgzv e;p/ s/ Ffjo d/ j;gskbK
ftub/ tkovK ftu e?I;o o'rhnK d/ nzeV/
pj[s fdb fjbk d/D tkb/ jB. fJBQK
woh}K ftu e/tb pkbr T[wo d/ wod
s/ n"osK jh BjhI ;r'I S'Nh T[wo d/ pZu/
th Fkfwb jB. e?I;o BK dh xkse
phwkoh sK Gkt/I wB[Zyh ;oho d/ fe;/ th
nzr ~ gqGkfts eo ;edh j?. wkbtk
y/so dk w"i{dk ;ot/yD do;kT[Idk j? fe
fJBQK e?I;o o'rhnK ftu'I pj[s/ o'rh w{zj,
rb/, G'iB Bbh, firo, nKsVhnK, c/cV/,
pZukdkBh, fdwkr, bj{ s/ jZvhnK d/ e?I;o
s'I gqGkfts jB. i/ wodK s/ n"osK d/
nzeV/ tZyo/ eo e/ d/yhJ/ sK n"osK ftu
Sksh ns/ pZukdkBh d/ e?I;o wkwb/ f}nkdk
jB. fJ; d/ Bkb jh wodK ftu rb/
ns/ nKsVhnK d/ e?I;o wkwb/ tX/o/ doi
j' oj/ jB.
gzikp d/ y/sh wkfjoK, e?I;o o'r
T[go y'i eo oj/ ftfrnkBhnK ns/
vkeNoK bJh d' nfjw ;tkb ;kjwD/
yVQ/ jB. gfjbk sK fJj fe gzikp d/
wkbtk y/so ftu tX oj/ e?I;o wkwfbnK
fgZS/ fejVk o;kfJDh gqd{FB ekoe S[fgnk
j?. d{;ok fJj fe fJ; y/so ftu c?b/
fJ; efjo ~ fet/I BZE gkJh ikt/. fJ;
rZb pko/ wkfjoK dh fJe nkw ;fjwsh
j? fe fJ; y/so d/ }whBh gkDh ftu
o;kfJDh sZsK dh wksok tXD ekoB
e?I;o dk efjo c?fbnk j?. ;?INob rokT{Iv
tkNo p'ov tb'I eotkJ/ fJe ;ot/yD s'I
pknd fJ; rZb dh g[FNh j' rJh j? fe
gzikp d/ wkbtk y/so d/ gkDh ftu
nko;?fBe, :{o/Bhnw ns/ cb'okJhv tor/
}fjoh sZsK dh wksok pj[s tX u[Zeh j?.
fJ; s'I gfjbK th iowBh dh fJe gqf;ZX
gq:'rFkbk d/ ftfrnkBhnK B/ fJj sZE
T[ikro ehsk ;h fe gzikp dh wkbtk gZNh
ftu :{o/Bhnw tor/ xkse sZsK dh fJe
T[u wksok iwQk j' u[Zeh j?. iwoBh d/
ftfrnkBhnK B/ wkbt/ d/ f}fbQnK ftu
t;s/ 149 pZfunK dh iKu eoB s'I
pknd fJj y[bk;k ehsk ;h fe fJE'I dh
}whB j/mb/ gkDh ftu :{o/Bhnw sZs fJe
]soBke gZXo se tX u[Zfenk j?. w?~
pV/ d[Zy Bkb efjDk g? fojk j? fe @gzikp
ftub/ gkDhnK ftu :{o/Bhnw dh w"i{drh#
dk w;bk nzsookFNoh gZXo T[s/ gzj[u
frnk j? go Gkos s/ gzikp d/ ftfrnkBh
fJ; rZb T[go }'o brk oj/ jB fe fJE/
:{o/Bhnw j? jh BjhI iK fco T[j fJ;
rZb T[go }'o brk oj/ jB fe fJj
:{o/Bhnw e?I;o bJh f}zw/tko BjhI. gsk
BjhI nfijhnK dbhbK s/ y'i ekBcoz;K
dh pfj; ftu'I eh eZYDk j?<
ffffftFt gqf;ZX n\oheB ftfrnkBhtFt gqf;ZX n\oheB ftfrnkBhtFt gqf;ZX n\oheB ftfrnkBhtFt gqf;ZX n\oheB ftfrnkBhtFt gqf;ZX n\oheB ftfrnkBh
vkeNo e?foB ;fwZE ns/ iowBvkeNo e?foB ;fwZE ns/ iowBvkeNo e?foB ;fwZE ns/ iowBvkeNo e?foB ;fwZE ns/ iowBvkeNo e?foB ;fwZE ns/ iowB
d/ ftfrnkBh vkH feq;N'\o p;phd/ ftfrnkBh vkH feq;N'\o p;phd/ ftfrnkBh vkH feq;N'\o p;phd/ ftfrnkBh vkH feq;N'\o p;phd/ ftfrnkBh vkH feq;N'\o p;ph
s/ vkH n?b/B'o pbko"e B/ Gkoss/ vkH n?b/B'o pbko"e B/ Gkoss/ vkH n?b/B'o pbko"e B/ Gkoss/ vkH n?b/B'o pbko"e B/ Gkoss/ vkH n?b/B'o pbko"e B/ Gkos
s/ gzikp ;oeko ~ sk}k g/FeFs/ gzikp ;oeko ~ sk}k g/FeFs/ gzikp ;oeko ~ sk}k g/FeFs/ gzikp ;oeko ~ sk}k g/FeFs/ gzikp ;oeko ~ sk}k g/FeF
ehsh j?. fJBQK ftfrnkBhnK ~ehsh j?. fJBQK ftfrnkBhnK ~ehsh j?. fJBQK ftfrnkBhnK ~ehsh j?. fJBQK ftfrnkBhnK ~ehsh j?. fJBQK ftfrnkBhnK ~
gfjbedwh eod/ j'J/ fejk j?gfjbedwh eod/ j'J/ fejk j?gfjbedwh eod/ j'J/ fejk j?gfjbedwh eod/ j'J/ fejk j?gfjbedwh eod/ j'J/ fejk j?
fe T[j gzikp ;w/s g{o/ Gkosfe T[j gzikp ;w/s g{o/ Gkosfe T[j gzikp ;w/s g{o/ Gkosfe T[j gzikp ;w/s g{o/ Gkosfe T[j gzikp ;w/s g{o/ Gkos
ftu tX oj/ :{o/Bhnw d/ gZXoftu tX oj/ :{o/Bhnw d/ gZXoftu tX oj/ :{o/Bhnw d/ gZXoftu tX oj/ :{o/Bhnw d/ gZXoftu tX oj/ :{o/Bhnw d/ gZXo
dk ekoB gsk brkT[Dr/. T[BQKdk ekoB gsk brkT[Dr/. T[BQKdk ekoB gsk brkT[Dr/. T[BQKdk ekoB gsk brkT[Dr/. T[BQKdk ekoB gsk brkT[Dr/. T[BQK
dh y'i Nhw fJ; y/so ftudh y'i Nhw fJ; y/so ftudh y'i Nhw fJ; y/so ftudh y'i Nhw fJ; y/so ftudh y'i Nhw fJ; y/so ftu
w"i{dk Eowb gbKNK, ck;c/Nw"i{dk Eowb gbKNK, ck;c/Nw"i{dk Eowb gbKNK, ck;c/Nw"i{dk Eowb gbKNK, ck;c/Nw"i{dk Eowb gbKNK, ck;c/N
ykdK dh tos'I ns/ n\rkfB;skBykdK dh tos'I ns/ n\rkfB;skBykdK dh tos'I ns/ n\rkfB;skBykdK dh tos'I ns/ n\rkfB;skBykdK dh tos'I ns/ n\rkfB;skB
ftu tos/ rJ/ jfEnkoK nkfdftu tos/ rJ/ jfEnkoK nkfdftu tos/ rJ/ jfEnkoK nkfdftu tos/ rJ/ jfEnkoK nkfdftu tos/ rJ/ jfEnkoK nkfd
fij/ ;ko/ gZyK ~ rfjokJh Bkbfij/ ;ko/ gZyK ~ rfjokJh Bkbfij/ ;ko/ gZyK ~ rfjokJh Bkbfij/ ;ko/ gZyK ~ rfjokJh Bkbfij/ ;ko/ gZyK ~ rfjokJh Bkb
x'yDr/.x'yDr/.x'yDr/.x'yDr/.x'yDr/.
wkbtk gZNh ftu c?fbnk e?I;o o'r
;w[Zu/ ftFt bJh fJe u[B"sh pD frnk
j?. fe;/ fJe y/so ftu woh}K dh fJzBh
tZvh frDsh ~ d/y e/ pkjo'I nkJ/ frfrnkBh
s/ vkeNo w{zj ftu T[IrbK gk e/ ;'uhI g?
iKd/ jB. gh ih nkJh uzvhrVQ d/ o/
vhUEo?gh ftGkr d/ w[yh gq'\?;o vkH ph
vh r[gsk d/ nB[;ko wkbtk y/so ftu
e?I;o o'rhnK dh frDsh fJe bZy nkpkdh
fgZS/ 180 s'I th tZX j?. id fe ;w[Zu/
Gkos ftu J/jh nB[gks fJe bZy nkpkdh
fgZS/ 125 j?. e'Jh j'o e?I;o wkfjoK dk
sK fJj wzBDk j? fe e?I;o d/ woh}K ftu'I
50 gqfsFs woh} sK fJeZb/ wkbtk y/so
ftu jh jB.
o;kfJDh }fjoK dh tos'I ekoB
f;o\ e?I;o o'r jh BjhI ;r'I g/N dhnK
phwkohnK, nZyK d/ o'r, uwVh o'r, n?boih,
fBg[z;esk ns/ wzdp[ZXh pZfunK dk iBw
nkfd fij/ d[ogqGkt th c?b oj/ jB. gh
ih nkJh uzvhrVQ d/ fJe ;ot/yD ftu
gsk bZfrnk j? fe gzikp dh wB[Zyh
nkpkdh d/ bj{ ftu ehNBkFe s/ BdhBBkFe
gdkoEK dh w"i{drh fJe ]soBke s/
BdhBkFe gdkoEK dh w"i{drh fJe ]soBke
gZXo s'I tX u[Zeh j?. seohpB 15 fe;wK
d/ }fjohb/ eD gzikph b'eK d/ bj{ ftu
fwb u[Ze/ jB. nzfwqs ;wkB wzfBnk ikD
tkbk wK dk d[ZX th o;kfJDh }fjoK Bb
}fjohbk j' frnk j?. id'I ;kv/ ykX
gdkoE jh o;kfJDe }fjoK Bkb gbhs
j' u[Ze/ jB sK ;kv/ ;oho d/ jo Gkr
ukj/ T[j ]{B, uoph ns/ ukj/ wK dk d[ZX
jh feT[I Bk j't/, ftu th fJj }fjoK dk
ou ikDk ;[Gkfte jh j?.
gzikp oki :'iBkpzdh p'ov dh fJe
fog'oN ftu dZf;nk frnk j? fe o;kfJDK
Bkb gqd{fFs j'fJnk gkDh ghD Bkb
r?;No'n?INrJhN;, j?g/NkJhN;, i'VK dk
dod, uwVh o'r, ;kj-dwk torhnK
pkeh ;\k 46 T[`s/pkeh ;\k 46 T[`s/pkeh ;\k 46 T[`s/pkeh ;\k 46 T[`s/pkeh ;\k 46 T[`s/
:'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, 2014 43
frnkB-ftfrnkBfrnkB-ftfrnkBfrnkB-ftfrnkBfrnkB-ftfrnkBfrnkB-ftfrnkB
gdkoE, gqekF ns/ pqfjwzv dh n;bhns L fBT{NqhB' eDgdkoE, gqekF ns/ pqfjwzv dh n;bhns L fBT{NqhB' eDgdkoE, gqekF ns/ pqfjwzv dh n;bhns L fBT{NqhB' eDgdkoE, gqekF ns/ pqfjwzv dh n;bhns L fBT{NqhB' eDgdkoE, gqekF ns/ pqfjwzv dh n;bhns L fBT{NqhB' eD
;spho f;zx;spho f;zx;spho f;zx;spho f;zx;spho f;zx
T{NqhB' eD gdkoE dh fJe
pj[s jh S'Nh fJekJh j?.
fBT{NqhB' s'I wsbp wkd/ dk pj[s S'Nk
go fpibJh s"o s/ T[dk;hBsk tkbk
eD. T[dk;hB j'D d/ pkti{d fJj eD
w"fbe o{g ftu xZN gqGktFhb T[g gqwkD{
eD j?. ftfrnkBe gqwkfDesk nB[;ko
fJ; eD dk g[zi sK j[zdk j? go fJj g[zi
gqwkD{ eDK d/ g[zi s'I th pj[s f}nkdk
xZN j?. fJ; dk g[zi ed/ th do[;s s"o
s/ wkfgnk BjhI ik ;edk. fBT{NqhB'
fpibJh s"o s/ ukoi (foD iK XB) ~ b?
e/ BjhI uZb ;ed/. fJjh ekoB j? fe
fJj eD fpib-u[zpeh pbK d/ gqGkt s'I
w[es j?. fJj f;o\ ew}'o T[g-gqwkD{
pbK Bkb jh gqGkts j[zdk j?. fJBQK pbK
dh wksok fpib-u[zpeh pbK ns/ ro{sth
pbK s'I pj[s xZN j[zdh j?. fJ;/ eoe/
fJj eD ;kXkoB gdkoE ftu'I fpBK fe;/
o[ektN d/ r[}o iKd/ jB.
fBT{NqhB' eDK dk iBw o/vhU n?efNt
gdkoEK d/ gsB s'I j[zdk j?. iK fco fJj
fBT{ebhno feqnktK s'I pDd/ jB. T[dkjoD
ti'I, ;kv/ ;{oi ftu fBT{ebh ;z:'iB
feqnk j[zdh j? fi; ftu jkJhvo'iB d/
gqwkD{ jhbhnw gqwkD{nK ftu spdhb
j[zd/ jB. fJj feqnk fBT{NqhB' eDK d/
pDB dk ekoB pDdh j?. fJ; s'I
fJbktk, gqwkD{ GZmhnK ns/ ek;fwe feoBK
(gqwkD{nK Bkb NeokT[D) nkfd th fJBQK
eDK ~ gqrN eod/ jB.
fBT{NqhB' eD fszB fe;wK d/ j[zd/
jB. fJBQK ftu fJb?eNq'B fBT{NqhB', fwT{B
fBT{NqhB' ns/ NkU fBT{NqhB' w[Zy jB. jo
fJe fe;w dk fJe @eD fto'Xh# o{g th
j[zdk j?. fi; ~ fBT{NqhB' fto'Xh eD th
efjzd/ jB. fJ; fto'Xh o{g ftu th
fpibJh s"o s/ T[dk;hBsk j[zdh j?. go
ftfrnkBe s"o s/ fBT{NqhB' eD ns/ fJ;
d/ fto'Xh eD dh ;wo{gsk dk w;bk ni/
jZb BjhI j' ;fenk. ;{oi ftu j'D
tkbhnK fBT{ebhno feqnktK s'I fBT{NqhB'
eD T[gid/ jB ns/ fJj g{o/ pqfjwzv
ftu fyZbo iKd/ jB. Xosh d/ gZE ftu'I
r[}o iKd/ jB. fJe ;fezN ftu brGr
6 nop 50 eo'V fBT{NqhB' eD Xosh dh
fJe tor ;?INhwhNo irj ftu'I r[}od/
jB. e[dos ftu jo gb e[ZM BtK j'
fojk j?. wB[Zy dh ifrnk;k ;dhnK s'I
jh e[ZM BtK bZGD dh s[oh j'Jh j?.
fBT{NqhB' eDK dh y'i ;zpzXh ;thvB ftu
ns/ fJNbh ftu tZv/ gZXo #s/ ftfrnkBe
gq:'r uZb oj/ jB. fBT{NqhB' eDK dh
y'i ;zpzXh fJe Mks wkod/ jK.
i/w} u?vfte B/ 1932 ftu fJe
gqwkD{ eD fBT{NqkB dh y'i ehsh ;h. ;G
s'I gfjbK ftfrnkBe n?Bohe' cowh B/
@phNk gsB# dk f;XKs do;kfJnk. phNk
gsB ftu'I fBebD tkb/ eD dk Bkw th
fBT{NqkB ofynk frnk. go fJj d't/I fJe'
Bkw tkb/ eD pj[s GzpbG{;/ g?dk eo
oj/ ;B. fJ; dk jZb eoB bJh cowh
B/ 1933 ftu fJ; eD dk Bkw fBT{NqhB'
oZy fdsk. cowh B/ fBT{NqhB' dh y'i
;zpzXh ek\h ezw ehsk go T[; d/ y'i
ekoiK ~ nwohek d/ gqf;ZX y'i gZso
B/uo B/ SkgD s'I fJBeko eo fdsk.
ekoB fJj fdsk fe T[; dk y'i ekoi
n;bhns s'I goQ/ j?. n]ho ftu cowh
dk fJjh y'i ekoi fJNbh d/ fJe y'i
gZso ftu gqekfFs j'fJnk. 1942 ftu
tKr r?Iu?Ir B/ fBT{NqhB' ~ gq:'r d/ s"o
s/ bZGD bJh phNk gsB d/ f;XKs ~
nwb ftu fbnKdk. cowh d/ Bkb-Bkb
tkbcr?Ir gkbh B/ 1930 ftu jh fBT{NqhB'
eD dh y'i gVskb ;zpzXh phNk gsB dk
;[Mkn d/ fdsk ;h. @@fJj gsB n;b
ftu gqwkD{ eDK dh f}zdrh pko/ nB[wkB
fdzdk j?. fe;/ gqwkD{ eD dh n;b
f}zdrh fezBh j[zdh j? ns/ T[; dk gsB
fet/I j[zdk j?.## fJj phNk gsB T{oik,
nkt/r ns/ gqwkD{ eD d/ e'Dkth x[wkn
~ ;[oZfyns oZydk j?.
1956 ftu ;kfJz; iBob ftu fBT{NqhB'
dh y'i gVskb ~ gqwkfDs eofdnK
ftfrnkBhnK e'tB, ohB} ns/ j?oh;B
nkfd dk y'i ekoi gqekfFs j'fJnk.
ukbh ;kbK pknd 1995 ftu fJBQK
ftfrnkBeK ~ fBT{NqhB' dh gqwkfDs y'i
eoB pdb/ B'pb fJBkw d/ e/ ;BwkfBnk
frnk. fJ; gq:'r ftu fJe gqwkD{ fon?eNo
ftu fBT{NqhB' fto'Xh eD g?dk ehs/ rJ/.
phNk gsB dh ;jkfJsk Bkb fBT{NqkB
ns/ gk}hNqkB eD g?dk j"J/. r?wK feoBK
d/ T[s;oiB B/ fBT{NqhB' eDK dh w"i{drh
~ do;kfJnk.
fBfBfBfBfB
44 :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, 2014
@@gk}hNqkB ns/ fBT{NqhB' eDK@@gk}hNqkB ns/ fBT{NqhB' eDK@@gk}hNqkB ns/ fBT{NqhB' eDK@@gk}hNqkB ns/ fBT{NqhB' eDK@@gk}hNqkB ns/ fBT{NqhB' eDK
dk Neokn fBT{NqhB' fto'X eDKdk Neokn fBT{NqhB' fto'X eDKdk Neokn fBT{NqhB' fto'X eDKdk Neokn fBT{NqhB' fto'X eDKdk Neokn fBT{NqhB' fto'X eDK
dh T[sgsh dk ojZ; y'bQdkdh T[sgsh dk ojZ; y'bQdkdh T[sgsh dk ojZ; y'bQdkdh T[sgsh dk ojZ; y'bQdkdh T[sgsh dk ojZ; y'bQdk
j?.## F[o{ ftu ftfrnkBeK tb'Ij?.## F[o{ ftu ftfrnkBeK tb'Ij?.## F[o{ ftu ftfrnkBeK tb'Ij?.## F[o{ ftu ftfrnkBeK tb'Ij?.## F[o{ ftu ftfrnkBeK tb'I
gq:'rh s"o s/ fJjh dZf;nkgq:'rh s"o s/ fJjh dZf;nkgq:'rh s"o s/ fJjh dZf;nkgq:'rh s"o s/ fJjh dZf;nkgq:'rh s"o s/ fJjh dZf;nk
frnk fe fBT{NqhB' eDK dk g[zifrnk fe fBT{NqhB' eDK dk g[zifrnk fe fBT{NqhB' eDK dk g[zifrnk fe fBT{NqhB' eDK dk g[zifrnk fe fBT{NqhB' eDK dk g[zi
BjhI j[ zdk. go pknd ftuBjhI j[ zdk. go pknd ftuBjhI j[ zdk. go pknd ftuBjhI j[ zdk. go pknd ftuBjhI j[ zdk. go pknd ftu
gsk bZrk fe fJj fszB fe;wKgsk bZrk fe fJj fszB fe;wKgsk bZrk fe fJj fszB fe;wKgsk bZrk fe fJj fszB fe;wKgsk bZrk fe fJj fszB fe;wK
d/ j[zd/ jBl fBT{NqhB' eD n;fEod/ j[zd/ jBl fBT{NqhB' eD n;fEod/ j[zd/ jBl fBT{NqhB' eD n;fEod/ j[zd/ jBl fBT{NqhB' eD n;fEod/ j[zd/ jBl fBT{NqhB' eD n;fEo
ns/ g[zidko gqwkD{ eD. fBT{NqhB'ns/ g[zidko gqwkD{ eD. fBT{NqhB'ns/ g[zidko gqwkD{ eD. fBT{NqhB'ns/ g[zidko gqwkD{ eD. fBT{NqhB'ns/ g[zidko gqwkD{ eD. fBT{NqhB'
eDK d/ g[zidko j'D s'I fJj theDK d/ g[zidko j'D s'I fJj theDK d/ g[zidko j'D s'I fJj theDK d/ g[zidko j'D s'I fJj theDK d/ g[zidko j'D s'I fJj th
gsk bZrk j? fe fJj eDgsk bZrk j? fe fJj eDgsk bZrk j? fe fJj eDgsk bZrk j? fe fJj eDgsk bZrk j? fe fJj eD
gqekF dh rsh s'I xZN t/rgqekF dh rsh s'I xZN t/rgqekF dh rsh s'I xZN t/rgqekF dh rsh s'I xZN t/rgqekF dh rsh s'I xZN t/r
Bkb uZbd/ jB. i/ fJj eDBkb uZbd/ jB. i/ fJj eDBkb uZbd/ jB. i/ fJj eDBkb uZbd/ jB. i/ fJj eDBkb uZbd/ jB. i/ fJj eD
c'NkBK tKr g[zijhD j' ikD sKc'NkBK tKr g[zijhD j' ikD sKc'NkBK tKr g[zijhD j' ikD sKc'NkBK tKr g[zijhD j' ikD sKc'NkBK tKr g[zijhD j' ikD sK
fJj gqekF dh rsh d/ pokpofJj gqekF dh rsh d/ pokpofJj gqekF dh rsh d/ pokpofJj gqekF dh rsh d/ pokpofJj gqekF dh rsh d/ pokpo
uZb ;eDr/.uZb ;eDr/.uZb ;eDr/.uZb ;eDr/.uZb ;eDr/.
;G s'I gfjbK 1980 ftu fBT{NqhB'
eDK dh rsh ~ wkgD bJh gq:'r ehsk
frnk. fJ; gq:'r ftu fJe fvN?eNo
ftu gb;v gq'NkBK ~ Nkor?N Bkb
NeokfJnk frnk. fJe ;wK co/w ftu
fJ; rsh ~ wkfgnk frnk.
nkX[fBe seBheK Bkb b?; gq:'r-
FkbktK ftu ehs/ gq:'rK okjhI gsk uZfbnk
j? fe }?v p';k eDK dk gsB th eJh
fe;wK d/ fBT{NqhB' eDK ~ g?dk eodk
j?. fJBQK gq:'rK okjhI nfij/ eDK dh
rsh, ;wK ns/ g[zi pko/ gsk brkfJnk
frnk j?. }?v-p';kB eDK dk gsB fe;/
th gqekFh fBT{NqhB' eD d/ o{g ftu j'
;edk j?. go nfij/ eDK dk ;wK-uZeo
(bkJhc) pj[s jh xZN j[zdk j?. fJe u"E/
gqeko d/ fBT{NqhB' eD dk gsk sK bZfrnk
j? go ftfrnkBe s"o s/ fJ; dh ni/
g[FNh BjhI j' ;eh. }?v-p';kB d/ ;wK
ekb Bkb ;zpzfXs wkg sK fJj gqrN
eodk j? fe e[Zb fszB gqeko d/ fBT{NqhB'
eD jh w"i{d jB, g{o/ pqfjwzv ftu. go
e[ZM ftfrnkBe gq:'rFkbktK B/ u"E/ gqeko
d/ fBT{NqhB' eD dh j'Id fwbD pko/ gsk
brkfJnk j?. bkU-b?Ir/tB y'i ekoi
;z;EkB ftu fJe sk}h y'i w[skpe u"E/
gqeko d/ fBT{NqhB' eD pko/ gsk bZrk j?.
fJb?eNqkB ;g?eNok okjhI fJeZm/ ehs/ v?Nk
~ uzrh soQK x'yD T[gozs ;NhokJhb
fBT{NqhB' eD dh j'Id pko/ gsk bZrk j?.
fJ; s'I fJbktk, ftbeB;B ;{ywsozr gq'p
B/ th u"E/ gqeko d/ fBT{NqhB' pko/ dZf;nk
j?.
pqfjwzv ftu ubfdnK fBT{NqhB' eD,
fJb?eNqkB, fwT{nkB ns/ NkU Bkwe fszB
gqeko d/ fwFoDK ftu ftuod/ jB. i/
g[bkV d/ fJe fjZ;/ ftu fJb?eNqkB fBT{NqhB'
uZb oj/ jB sK nrbh ;fEsh ftu fJj
fwT{nkB ns/ NkU fBT{NqhB' eD pD
ikDr/. ;{oih fBT{NqhB' eDK d/ nfijhnK
fszB fe;wK ftu ftuoB ~ e[nKNw
:Ksfoe gqGkt fejk iKdk j?. fBT{NqhB'
eDK d/ fJe o{g s'I d{i/ o{g ftu o{gKsoB
T[BQK d/ tor g[ziK d/ pokpo j[zdk j?.
fJj nzso g[bkV ftu fe;/ fJe ;w/I
T[go jh wkfgnk ik ;edk j?.
fJNbh d/ G"fse ftfrnkBh JhN'o
w/i'oktk w[skpe fBT{NqhB' eD ns/ n?INh
fBT{NqhB' eD brGr fJe' soQK d/ eD
jB. fBT{NqhB' eDK ~ n?INh-fBT{NhqB' ftu
spdhb ehsk ik ;edk j?. fJj sK jh
;zGt j? i/ fJ; eD dh x[wkn ;fEsh
(e'Dkth x[wkn) ~ E'VQk fijk pdb fdsk
ikt/. x[wkn ftu pdbkn f;ZX eodk j?
fe fBT{NhqB' ns/ n?INh fBT{NhqB' eDK dk
g[zi }o{o j[zdk j?. fJ; eoe/ fJj gqekF
dh rsh s'I xZN t/r Bkb uZbd/ jB.
fBT{NhqB' eDK d/ x[wkn ~ tZy-tZy
;wK co/wK ftu oZy e/ d/fynk ik ;edk
j?. go fJ; bJh }o{oh j? fe fJj ;wK
co/w T[; eD s'I s/} o\sko Bkb ubd/
j'D. wsbp fJj fe fBT{NhqB' eDK dh
x[wkn T[d'I T[ikro j[zdh j?, id'I fJj
;wK co/w, eDK dh rsh s'I xZN rsh
Bkb uZbD. fJ; jkbs ftu n?INh fBT{NhqB'
eD dh x[wkn, ;wK co/w dh rsh Bkb'I
xZN j' ikt/rh. x[wkn dk fJj nzso
f;ZX eodk j/ fe fBT{NhqB' eD }ho' g[zi
tkb/ BjhI j' ;ed/.
i[bkJh 2013 ;thvB fty/ j'Jh :{ogh
G"fse ;[;kfJNh dh fJe ekB\oz; ftu
fBT{NhqB' eDK dh n;fEosk pko/ ukBD
gkfJnk frnk j?. fJ; s'I gfjbK, ;zB
2007 ftu whB'; fvN?eNo okjhI th fJBQK
eDK dh nfXesw rsh pko/ ekch e[ZM
gsk bZrk ;h. fJ; gq:'r okjhI 3 ih Jh
th (rhrk fJb?eNqkB t'bN) fBT{NqhB' eDK
dh rsh dh ;gZFNsk dh ;hwk gqekF dh
rsh dk 1H00005tK ns/ 0H99997tK
fjZ;k ;h, pko/ ;kfps j' frnk. nfijk
jh fJe fBohyD tZv/ gZXo #s/ fBT{NqhB'
eDK ~ Xosh tZb G/iD tkb/ fJe
;[goB'tk 1987 J/ okjhI ehsk frnk. 10
w?rk fJb?eNqkB t'bN tkbk fBT{NhqB' fto'Xh
eD bZfGnk frnk. fi; ;wK co/w ftu
fJj fBT{NhqB' eD fvN?eN ehsk frnk,
T[; co/w dh rsh gqekF dh rsh d/
pokpo ;h. n;b ftu fBT{NhqB' eDK dh
rsh s'I fJBQK d/ g[zi pko/ gsk BjhI bZr
;edk.
;szpo 2011 ftu Ug/ok gq:'rh ;zx
tb'I gVskb ehshnK frDshnK d[nkok
gsk uZfbnk j? fe 17 rhrk ns/ 28
rhrk fJb?eNqkB t'bN tkb/ fBT{NhqB' eDK
dh rsh gqekF dh rsh ~ gko eo rJh
j?. ftFt gZXo #s/ fJ; rZb dk pj[s
tZv/ gZXo #s/ ftFb/FD th j'fJnk fe e'Jh
th uh} gqekF dh rsh ~ gko BjhI eo
;edh, go nfijk fet/I j'fJnk< Ug/ok
ftfrnkBe ;zx B/ fJj gq:'r fJe tko
fco s'I ek\h pdbkn eoe/ ehsk. go
fco th fBT{NhqB' eDK dh rsh gqekF dh
rsh s'I s/} fBebh. i/ wzB fbnk ikt/
fe fBT{NhqB' eDK dh rsh c'NkB eDK s'I
:'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, 2014 45
f}nkdk j? sK fJBQK #s/ nkJhB;NkJhB dk
;g/ysk dk f;XKs (Jh=n?w ;h22222) bkr{BjhI j' ;e/rk. fJj fJe ngtkd jh j'
;edk j? i' fe ni/ se fttjkoe BjhI.
2012 ftu ;h Jh nko n?B B/
n?bkB ehsk fe fBT{NhqB' eDK dh n;b
rsh gqekF dh rsh d/ B/V/-s/V/ j?, go
fJj T[; s'I tZX BjhI j?. T[BQK nB[;ko
Ug/ok tb'I gVskb ehs/ ehs/ rJ/ Bshi/
B[e;dko th j' ;ed/ jB. gq:'r ftu
tos/ ikD tkb/ gqekFh o/F/ ns/ gqwkD{
;wK xVhnK nkfd ftu e'Jh yokph th j'
;edh j?.
fJ; s'I gfjbK, 2009 ftu rb?e;hnK
d/ M[owNK ftu'I nkT[D tkb/ fBT{NhqB' eDK
dk g[zi 1H5 fJb?eNqkB t'bN d/ eohp
wkfgnk frnk. n;b ftu, fBT{NhqB' eDK
dk g[zi 0H2 fJb?eNqkB t'bN s'I b? e/ 2
fJb?eNqkB t'bN se j' ;edk j?. 2015
se fJj gq:'r d/ s"o s/ f;ZX j'D dh
;zGktBk j?. skok ;{yw sozr o/vhJ/FB
fgS'eV, rb?e;hnK dk fBohyD fJjh f;ZX
eodk j? fe fszB'I fBT{NhqB' eDK dk e[Zb
g[zi 0H3 fJb?eNqkB t'bN s'I th xZN j?.
eD G"fse ftfrnkB dk ;N?Ivov
wkvb fBT{NhqB' eDK ~ g[zijhD wzBdk j?.
ftfrnkBe soeK dk tyo/tK tZy-tZy gq:'rK
d/ BshfinK T[go fBoGo eodk j?.
fjZr} p';kB eD dh n;bhns fJj
fBT{NhqB' eD jh jB. skok ftfrnkB
Bkb ;zpzfXs fpr p?Ir fET{oh dh fJj
XkoBk j? fe fBT{NhqB' ns/ c'NkB eDK dh
fJe ;fEo nB[gks j?. i/ fszB' gqeko d/
fBT{NhqB' eDK dh e[Zb T{oik dk wZXwkB
50 fJb?eNqkB t'bN j? sK pqfjwzv ftu
g[zi fJzBk f}nkdk j' ikt/rk fe ;kok wkdk
nkg; ftu Neok e/ BFN j' ikt/rk.
phNk y?n (gsB y?n)phNk y?n (gsB y?n)phNk y?n (gsB y?n)phNk y?n (gsB y?n)phNk y?n (gsB y?n)
fBT{NhqB' eDK d/ ;jh g[zi ~ wkgD
bJh ftfrnkBe nbZr-nbZr soQK d/
gq:'r eo oj/ jB. fJBQK gq:'rK ftu
gqwkD{ phNk gsB ns/ fBT{NhqB'-jhD d[ZrD/
phNk (n?B Jh n?w U-3) gsB okjhI
fBT{NhqB' dk ;jh g[zi bZGD d/ Yzr bZG/
ik oj/ jB.
wJh 2010 ftu Ug/ok d/ ftfrnkBeK
~ fwT{nkB fBT{NhqB' eDK dh feoB ftu
NkU fBT{NhqB' eDK dh w"i{drh dk th
gsk uZfbnk j?. fJ; s'I gsk uZbdk j?
fe fBT{NhqB' eDK dk g[zi j?. i[bkJh
2010 ftu fJe d[o/vh rb?e;h w?rk }?v
vh nko 7 dk fszB x/okth ;ot/yD ehsk
frnk sK gsk uZfbnk fe fszB'I gqeko d/
fBT{NhqB' eDK dk e[Zb g[zi 0H28 fJb?eNqkB
t'bN s'I th xZN j?. wkou 2013 ftu
gb?Ie ;z;EkB dh gq:'rFkbk B/ th fJ;
g[zi dh g[FNh ehsh j?.
eh jB ;{oih fBT{NhqB' eD<eh jB ;{oih fBT{NhqB' eD<eh jB ;{oih fBT{NhqB' eD<eh jB ;{oih fBT{NhqB' eD<eh jB ;{oih fBT{NhqB' eD<
j[D gkmeK ~ ikDekoh fdzd/ jK fe
;{oih fBT{NhqB' eD eh jB ns/ fJj
fet/I g?dk j[zd/ jB. ;{oi ns/ j'oBK
skfonK ftu fBT{ebh ;z:'iB feqnk sfjs
;{oih fBT{NhqB' eD g?dk j[zd/ jB. id'I
uko (jkJhvo'iB s'I) gq'NkB i[V e/ jhbhnw
dk BkfGe$e/Ido pDkT[Id/ jB sK fJBQK
ftu'I d' gq'NkB fBT{NqkBK ftu spdhb j'
iKd/ jB. fJ; soQK dh jo/e feqnk fJe
fJb?eNqkB fBT{NhqB' eD g?dk eodh j?.
;kvk B}dheh skok ;{oi jo fJe
fdFk ftu fBT{NhqB' eDK dk gqtkj eodk
j?. ;kvh Xosh d/ jo tor ;?INhwhNo
fjZ;/ ftu'I fJe ;fezN ftu brGr 6H5%101010101010
;{oih fBT{NhqB' eD bzxd/ jB. 1966
ftu e'br/N ns/ tkJhN Bkwe d' y'i
eosktK B/ gsk brkfJnk fe skfonK d/
nkg;h Neokn ns/ ;[goB'tk XwkfenK s'I
g?dk j'J/ fBT{NhqB' eDK ftu f}nkdkso
r[o{sth T{oik j[zdh j?. nfij/ XwkfenK
t/b/ gdkoE dh sko/ d/ e/Ido ftu xDsk
pj[s f}nkdk j' iKdh j?. fJj g[zi 101717171717
feb'rqkw gqfs feT{pe whNo j' iKdk j?.
fJ; jkbs ftu gq'NkB ns/ fJb?eNqkB
nkg; ftu Neok e/ fBT{NqkB ns/ fJb?eNqkB
fBT{NhqB' eDK ~ iBw fdzd/ jB. j'oBK
fBT{NhqB' eDK d/ ;o'sK ftu skg T{oik
th Fkfwb j?, i' fe Bt/I iBw/ fBT{NqkB
sko/ d/ e/Ido ftu'I fBebdh j?. fJ;
T{oik s'I fBT{NhqB' ns/ n?INh fBT{NhqB' eDK
dh T[sgsh j[zdh j?. fJBQK d'jK ftfrnkBeK
(e'br/N ns/ tkJhN) dh ehsh y'i 1987
ftu T[d'I ;Zuh ;kps j'Jh, id'I 1987 J/
Bkwe fJe tZv/ ;[goB'tk s'I fBT{NhqB' eDK
d/ nkT[D dk gsk bZrk. eJh xzN/ Xosh
tZb fJ; Xwke/ s'I fBT{NhqB' eDK dh
p[SkV j[zdh ojh. fJj eD gdkoE ftu'I
th bzx iKd/ jB. bzxD t/b/ fJBQK eDK
dh T[; gdkoE d/ nD{nK ns/ gqwkD{nK
Bkb e'Jh S/VSkV BjhI j[zdh. fJBQK fBT{NhqB'
eDK ftu sko/ d/ nzdo{Bh y/soK ftu j'D
tkb/ XwkfenK pko/ ikDekoh th T[gbpX
j[zdh j?. ;k~ fd;D tkbk ;{oi dk
gqekF o/vhU n?efNt gsB dk jh Bshik
j? i' fe ;{oi dh nzdo{Bh BkGh ftu
fBT{ebh ;z:'ie feqnktK s'I g?dk j' fojk
j?. fJ; sohe/ Bkb g?dk j'JhnK ;{oih
feoBK n;b ftu fBT{NhqB' eDK dh
w"i{drh ~ th do;kT[IdhnK jB. ;{oi
dk gqekF ;zxDhnK ns/ jbub wukT[D
tkbhnK r?;K okjhI fJXo-T[Xo fyZbo iKdk
j?. id'I fBT{NhqB' eD fJBQK r?;K Bkb
NeokT[Id/ jB sK fJj ;[goB'tk d/ e/Ido
pko/ ikDekoh py/o iKd/ jB. fBT{NhqB'
eDK dh p[SkV Xosh T[go gqekF dhnK
feoBK, fpib-u[zpeh ns/ o/vhU sozrK d/
gj[zuD s'I gfjbK g[Zi iKdh j?. go ni/
fJj fenk; jh j?.
fBT{NhqB' eDK dh Xosh #s/ g[ZiD dh
nkwd s'I nkekF d/ fe;/ ]k; fyZs/ ftu
j'D tkb/ ;[goB'tk Xwke/ pko/ gsk uZb
iKdk j?. ;[goB'tk s'I g?dk j'J/ fBT{NhqB'
eDK dh T{oik e[ZM w?rk fJb?eNqkB t'bN
s'I b? e/ j}koK dh w?rk fJb?eNkqB t'bN
j' ;edh j?. fJ; pqfjwzv ftu eh e[ZM
46 :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, 2014
j' fojk j?, T[; pko/ sK wB[Zy ni/
ebgBk jh eo ;edk j?. fJ; s'I fJbktk
d[o/v/ skfonK d/ M[owNK rb?e;hnK s'I
nkT[D tkbhnK ek;fwe feoBK d/ gqt/r
okjhI g?dk j'D tkb/ fBT{NhqB' eDK dh
T{oik r?;h tksktoB okjhI g?dk j'J/
fBT{NhqB' eDK s'I fes/ j}koK r[Dk f}nkdk
j[zdh j?.
ek;fwe feoBK dk Neokn ukoi
g?dk eoB tkb/ gkJhnkB eD g?dk eodk
j?. fJBQK eDK dk gsB fBT{NhqB' iK
T[dk;hB gkJhnkB eD g?dk eodk j?.
fco nZr'I fJBQK fBT{NhqB' eDK dk gsB
r?;K feoBK ~ iBw fdzdk j?. T[u T{oik
tkb/ fBT{NhqB' eDK fe;/ tZv-nkekoh ek;fwe
y/so ftu feoBK d/ nkg;h Neokn okjhI
g?dk j'D/ ;zGt jB.
pqfjwzv dh n;bhnspqfjwzv dh n;bhnspqfjwzv dh n;bhnspqfjwzv dh n;bhnspqfjwzv dh n;bhns
fpr p?Ir xNBk ;ko/ w"i{dk pqfjwzv,
fi; ftu n;hI ftuo oj/ jK, dk fuZso
fsnko eodh j?. ;kv/ pqfjwzv dk fgS'eV
brGr 3H7 nop ;kb g[okDk j?. fgS'eV
ftu xZN T{oik tkb/ fBT{NhqB' eD g?o
g;kod/ jB. fJj XkoBk ekb/ gdkoE d/
iBw ~ th T[ikro eodh j?. fBT{NhqB'
eD feT[Ife pj[s jh jbe/ j[zd/ jB, fJ;
bJh fJj gqekF dh rsh d/ B/V/-s/V/
uZbd/ jB. fJBQK okjhI row ekb/ gdkoE
dk pDBk s?n j[zdk j?. ekbk wkdk
pqfjwzv ftu w"i{d j?. pqfjwzv ftu
rb?e;hnK d/ tZv/-tZv/ M[owN ekb/ gdkoE
Bkb fxo/ gJ/ jB. fJjh ekbk wkdk
gdkoE d/ e/Ido ftu j'D tkb/ r[o{sth
nkeoFB feqnk ~ iBw fdzdk j?. ;'
fBT{NhqB' eD ekb/ gdkoE dh E'VQh fijh
wksok ~ jh fsnko eodk j?. BthI y'i
w[skpe p'okB-8 Bkwe ;{oih fBT{NhqB'
eDK dh T{oik pj[s f}nkdk j[zdh j?. ;',
xZN ybkn xDsk j'D d/ pkti{d th
fJj bZG bJ/ iKd/ jB. pqfjwzv dh
n;b s;tho dk gsk brkT[D bJh
;ftN}ob?Iv (iB/tk) ftu gq:'r uZb oj/
jB.
fBT{NhqB' eD th e[dos d/ ek~BfBT{NhqB' eD th e[dos d/ ek~BfBT{NhqB' eD th e[dos d/ ek~BfBT{NhqB' eD th e[dos d/ ek~BfBT{NhqB' eD th e[dos d/ ek~B
nB[;ko jh uZbd/ jB. fJjnB[;ko jh uZbd/ jB. fJjnB[;ko jh uZbd/ jB. fJjnB[;ko jh uZbd/ jB. fJjnB[;ko jh uZbd/ jB. fJj
gqekF dh rsh s'I s/} BjhI uZbgqekF dh rsh s'I s/} BjhI uZbgqekF dh rsh s'I s/} BjhI uZbgqekF dh rsh s'I s/} BjhI uZbgqekF dh rsh s'I s/} BjhI uZb
;ed/, ;r'I ;hwk y/so d/ nzdo;ed/, ;r'I ;hwk y/so d/ nzdo;ed/, ;r'I ;hwk y/so d/ nzdo;ed/, ;r'I ;hwk y/so d/ nzdo;ed/, ;r'I ;hwk y/so d/ nzdo
jh ofjzd/ jB. ;kvh nkekFjh ofjzd/ jB. ;kvh nkekFjh ofjzd/ jB. ;kvh nkekFjh ofjzd/ jB. ;kvh nkekFjh ofjzd/ jB. ;kvh nkekF
rzrk dk rb?efNe e/Ido ;zxDhnKrzrk dk rb?efNe e/Ido ;zxDhnKrzrk dk rb?efNe e/Ido ;zxDhnKrzrk dk rb?efNe e/Ido ;zxDhnKrzrk dk rb?efNe e/Ido ;zxDhnK
r?;K ns/ bZyK-eo'VK uwehb/r?;K ns/ bZyK-eo'VK uwehb/r?;K ns/ bZyK-eo'VK uwehb/r?;K ns/ bZyK-eo'VK uwehb/r?;K ns/ bZyK-eo'VK uwehb/
gdkoEK Bkb Gfonk fgnk j?.gdkoEK Bkb Gfonk fgnk j?.gdkoEK Bkb Gfonk fgnk j?.gdkoEK Bkb Gfonk fgnk j?.gdkoEK Bkb Gfonk fgnk j?.
nfijh ;fEsh ftu Xosh tZbnfijh ;fEsh ftu Xosh tZbnfijh ;fEsh ftu Xosh tZbnfijh ;fEsh ftu Xosh tZbnfijh ;fEsh ftu Xosh tZb
nkT[D tkb/ fBT{NqhB' eDK ~nkT[D tkb/ fBT{NqhB' eDK ~nkT[D tkb/ fBT{NqhB' eDK ~nkT[D tkb/ fBT{NqhB' eDK ~nkT[D tkb/ fBT{NqhB' eDK ~
]k; fBT{NhqB' d{ophB Bkb jh]k; fBT{NhqB' d{ophB Bkb jh]k; fBT{NhqB' d{ophB Bkb jh]k; fBT{NhqB' d{ophB Bkb jh]k; fBT{NhqB' d{ophB Bkb jh
yzxkfbnk ik ;edk j?.yzxkfbnk ik ;edk j?.yzxkfbnk ik ;edk j?.yzxkfbnk ik ;edk j?.yzxkfbnk ik ;edk j?.
fBT{NhqB' eDK dh wdd Bkb skok
ftfrnkB d/ y/so ftu ;kv/ ;"o wzvb s'I
goQ/ ik e/ th pj[s e[ZM y'fink ik ;edk
j?. d[o/v/ rqfjnK d/ tksktoB ;zpzXh gsk
th fJBQK eDK dh ;jkfJsk Bkb brkfJnk
ik ;edk j?. pqfjwzv d/ G/s nkgD/ nkg
jh y[ZbQ ;eDr/. pqfjwzv, gdkoE ns/
gqekF dh n;b s;tho j"bh-j"bh T[ikro
j' ikt/rh. wB[Zy wjKpbh j?. nihp
rqfj dk p/Nk nihp jh y'iK eoB ns/
pqfjwzv d/ G/d ikDB d/ fe;/ ;w/I g{oh
soQK ;woZE j' ikt/rk.
(b/ye nf;N?IN gq'c?;o, r[o{ BkBe d/t
:[Bhtof;Nh, y/soh e?Ig;, r[odk;g[o (gzikp)
j?.)
e-mail :satbir1_78@yahoo.co.in
xkse phwkohnK wB[Zyh ;oho ~ fuzpV
iKdhnK jB. y'i nzeV/ do;kT[Id/ jB fe
gzikp ftub/ 25 gqfsFs Bt-ftnkj/ i'fVnK
d/ ;zskB Bk j'D dk tZvk ekoB fJE'I d/
ykD-ghD tkb/ gdkoEK ftu ou u[ZehnK
o;kfJDh }fjoK jh jB. itkB wodK dh
xN ojh F[eokD{ ;zfynk d/ Bshi/ ti'I
roG mfjoDk ;zGt jh BjhI j[zdk. fJ;/
eoe/ e[dosh roGgks ns/ ngzr pZfunK
dk iBw torhnK ;wZf;nktK ;kv/ ;wki
bJh fuzsk dk ftFk pD ojhnK jB.
f;o\ d' g[FsK ftu iK fJzi efj bJhJ/
fe w"i{dk B"itkB ghVQh d/ gskb{nK ftu
w"i{d F[eokD{nK dh frDsh nkgD/ dkd/
Bkb'I nZXh ofj rJh j?.
gzikp d/ }whBh gkDhnK ftu
:{o/Bhnw dh T[`u wksok sK fuzsk dk
ftFk j? jh go fJBQK ftu sK j'o th
pj[s ;ko/ xkse o;kfJD x[b u[Ze/ jB.
tksktoB ns/ o;kfJD ftfrnkBhnK B/
gzikp d/ gkDhnK ftu'I nko;?fBe (;zyhnk),
c?o; woeoh (b'jwJh gkok) ns/ n?INhwBh
b?v (;[owJh f;Zek) tor/ xkse gdkoEK
d/ ob/ j'D pko/ ;{fus ehsk j?. fJ; d/
Bkb jh eJh xkse XksK d/ eb'okJhv,
;bc/N;, BkJhNo/N; ns/ ekop'B/N; dh
T[u wksok th }whBh gkDhnK ftu'I foekov
ehsh rJh j?.
T[d:'fre rzdrh, o;kfJDK ns/ wB[Zyh
nkpkdh dh ;hto/} ~ n;hI p[ZY/ Bkb/,
jz;bh Bkb/ iK ;sb[i dfonk ftu ;[ZN e/
p/f\eo j' e/ p?m iKd/ jK. go fJjh
rzdrh ftub/ }fjohb/ o;kfJD }whBh
gkDh ftu fwb iKd/ jB. e[dosh ;'fwnK
~ gbhs eoB dk Bshik ;kv/ ;kjwD/
nkT[Idk j? e/I;o tor/ o'rK d/ o{g ftu.
;k~ jkb/ th f;Zfynk b?Dh ukjhdh j? fe
e[dos d/ ftu w"i{d fJ; skD/-pkD/ ftu
n;hI fij' fijh eoBh eoKr/, T[; dk
Bshik ;k~ jo jkbs ftu G[rsDk
gt/rk. fJ; bJh }o{oh j? fe n;hI
o;kfJDh }fjoK dh tos'I ~ pzd eoB d/
Bkb-Bkb wkbtk y/so ftub/ e?I;o dk
dod jzYk oj/ b'eK dh nkofEe s/
wkBf;e wdd eohJ/. fJjh ;G s'I tZvk
g[zB j't/rk.
(b/ye nf;;N?IN gq'\?;o, i[nkb'ih ftGkr,(b/ye nf;;N?IN gq'\?;o, i[nkb'ih ftGkr,(b/ye nf;;N?IN gq'\?;o, i[nkb'ih ftGkr,(b/ye nf;;N?IN gq'\?;o, i[nkb'ih ftGkr,(b/ye nf;;N?IN gq'\?;o, i[nkb'ih ftGkr,
p/fozr ekbi pNkbk, gzikp j?.)p/fozr ekbi pNkbk, gzikp j?.)p/fozr ekbi pNkbk, gzikp j?.)p/fozr ekbi pNkbk, gzikp j?.)p/fozr ekbi pNkbk, gzikp j?.)
;\k 42 dh pkeh;\k 42 dh pkeh;\k 42 dh pkeh;\k 42 dh pkeh;\k 42 dh pkeh
:'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, 2014 47
gk;g'oN ;/tkgk;g'oN ;/tkgk;g'oN ;/tkgk;g'oN ;/tkgk;g'oN ;/tk
gk;g'oN ;/tk gqki?eN Gkos ;oeko
d/ okFNoh Jh Fk;B :'iBk j/m ;G s'I
tZv/ fwFB w'v gqki?eNK ftu'I fJe j?.
fJj :'iBk ftd/F wzsokbk tb'I NkNk
;bkjeko ;/tktK Bkb iBse-fBZih
GkJhtkbh j/m ;cbskg{ote ubkfJnk ik
fojk j?.
w"i{dk p[fBnkdh YKuk gqDkbh ns/
gqfefonk gk;g'oN ns/ T[; Bkb i[VhnK
;/tktK dh tXdh wzr ~ g{ok eoB bJh
n;woZE ;h. 2013 d"okB ;oeko B/
fJe ;kb ftu 85 bZy 17 j}ko gk;g'oN
;/tktK gqdkB ehshnK, i' ;kb 2000 d/
w[ekpb/ ftu fszB r[Dk f}nkdk ;h. fJ;/
do T[s/ ;oeko ;kb 2014-15 ftu fJe
eo'V gk;g'oN ;/tktK gqdkB eoe/ whb
dk gZEo ;kps eo/rh. 30 i{B se
brGr 5 eo'V 40 bZy Gkosh BkrfoeK
B/ ek~Bh s"o s/ gk;g'oN jk;b ehs/.
uhB ns/ nwohek s'I pknd Gkos ftFt
d/ 14 gqfsFs gk;g'oN ;/tktK gqdkB
eoe/ sh;o/ Bzpo #s/ j?.
gk;g'oN ;/tk gqki?eN ~ Gkosh
BkrfoeK dhnK gk;g'oN ;zpzfXs ;/tktK d/
tkX/ ns/ ;[Xko bJh ezfgT{NoheoB ehsk
frnk j?. i{B 2012 se fJ; ~ Gkos
ftu 23 okiK d/ 63 FfjoK ftu ;[uko{
s"o s/ ubkfJnk frnk j?. fJj nkJh Nh
;zukfbs gqki?eN ftd/F wzsokbk d/ 2500
eowukohnK ns/ fBZih y/so d/ 2500
eowukohnK tb'I ubkfJnk ik fojk j?.
fJ; :'iBk ftu F[o{nksh fBt/F fBZih
GkJhtkbh tb'I ehsk frnk, i' pDkU,
ubkU ns/ ngDkU nkXkfos wkvb #s/
j?.
gk;g'oN ;/tk gqki?eN d/F ftnkgh
B?Ntoe j? i' 77 nkX[fBe gk;g'oN ;/tk
e/Ido 39 gk;g'oN ikoh nEkfoNhnK g[fb;,
Gkosh vke, Gkosh ;[oZfynk gq?; tor/
pkjob/ ;KM/dkoK ~ fJe ;{so ftu fgo'Idk
j?. gk;g'oN ;zpzfXs ikDekohnK ~ gqtk;h
iKu e/Ido ns/ 183 Gkosh fwFB ns/
e/IdoK se ;zpzfXs ;/tktK gqdkB gqDkbh
ftu th spdhbh fbnKdh j?. fJ; Bkb
gk;g'oN ;/tktK ~ ;[ykbk ns/ gkodoFh
pDkfJnk frnk j?. nkB bkJhB fpB?
gZso, \h; iwQK eokT[D ns/ gk;g'oN
;/tk e/Ido ftu fwbD dk ;wK fBFfus
ehsk ik ;edk j?. fpB?eko ;w/I w[skfpe
nkgD/ d;skt/} s/ \h; iwQK eotk
;edk j?. gk;g'oN d\so d/ ;Nk\ tb'I
d;skt/} dh iKu eoB pknd T[; ~
gqkgsh o;hd gqdkB ehsh iKdh j?.
gk;g'oN ;/tk e/IdoK ftu J/HNhHn?wH
iBse \'B, c'N' ekgh, ;wkuko gZso
fJzNoB?N ns/ j'o ;j{bsK gqdkB eoe/
p/jso pDkfJnk frnk j?. gk;g'oN ;/tk
gqki?eN ftu BkrfoeK Bkb gqGkth ;zgoe
ns/ p/jso ;zukbB bJh fJ; ftu ;zukbB
d/ tZy-tZy YzrK ~ fJ;s/wkb ehsk frnk
j?. fJ; ftu gk;g'oN ;/tk g'oNb, ekb-
;?INo, ;jkfJsk v?;e ns/ n?w gk;g'oN
;/tk BK d/ w'pkfJb n?gbhe/FB ns/ n?;
n?w n?; Nq?fezr ;j{bsK Fkfwb jB.
fJ; d/ fJbktk, gk;g'oN ;/tktK ~ BkrfoeK
se gj[zukT[D bJh gk;g'oN ;/tk w/b/
ns/ e?Ig brkJ/ iKd/ jB.
gk;g'oN ;/tk B?Ntoe ;zukbB e/Ido
ns/ ;[oZfynk ;zukbB e/Ido ~ gk;g'oN
;/tk d/ p[fBnkdh YKu/ d/ 24 xzN/ dh
fBrokBh bJh ;Ekgs ehsk frnk j?.
gk;g'oN ;/tk ftGkr ~ tXhnk ekor[}koh
bJh tZy-tZy n?tkov gqdkB ehs/ rJ/
jB. fJ; BthI gqDkbh Bkb j[D se 1
eo'V 80 bZy fpB? gZsoK dh gq';?f;zr
ehsh rJh j?. 45,000 BkrfoeK ~
o'}kBk ;j{bs gqdkB ehsh iKdh j?.
;oeko tb' I nBki gqpzX bJh;oeko tb' I nBki gqpzX bJh;oeko tb' I nBki gqpzX bJh;oeko tb' I nBki gqpzX bJh;oeko tb' I nBki gqpzX bJh
eJh T[gokb/eJh T[gokb/eJh T[gokb/eJh T[gokb/eJh T[gokb/
;oeko tb'I d/F ftu nBki gqpzX
;[Xko ns/ wfjzrkJh #s/ ekp{ gkT[D bJh
eJh edw u[Ze/ rJ/ jB. Gkosh y[oke
fBrw tb'I nBki d/ ;[oZfyns GzvkoB ~
:ehBh pDkT[D bJh r'dkwK ~ fte;s
ehsk frnk j?. g[okDk Gzvko gfjb d/
nkXko #s/ ikoh ehsk iKdk j?. fJ;
;w/I Gkosh y[oke fBrw e'b f;o\ fgSb/
d' ;kbK dk ;Nke T[gbpX j?. r[DtZsk
fB:zsqD szso ~ w}p{s eoB bJh b?p'oNoh
ns/ f;ybkJh YKu/ ~ brksko fte;s
ehsk ik fojk j? ns/ nBki dh popkdh
~ o'eD bJh yohd GzvkoB ns/ tzvD d/
;w/I #s/ nBki dh r[DtZsk dh iKu ehsh
iKdh j?. okiK ~ tZX s'I tZX yohdkoh
ns/ fe;kBK bJh xZN'-xZN ;woEB w[Zb
~ :ehBh pDkT[D bJh fte/IdoheoB yohd
gqDkbh ngDkT[D bJh gq's;kjs ehsk
iKdk j?. fBZih T[dw }kwBh ;ehw j/m
;oeko B/ e/Idoh g{b bJh nBki yohd
d/ tXhnk GzvkoB bJh 19 okiK ftu
tZy-tZy EktK #s/ 30 i{B se 120 bZy
30 j}ko NB ;woZEk tkb/ GzvkoB pDkJ/
jB. nkX[fBeh GzvkoB bJh ;oeko B/
e'mhnK ftu 20 bZy ;woZEk tkb/ GzvkoBK
d/ fBowkD bJh wB}{oh fdsh j?. okFNoh
y[oke n?eN 2013 j/m jo/e gZXo #s/
Nhuk iBse tzv dk ezfgT{NoheoB ehsk
frnk j?. fJj ikDekoh ygseko wkwfbnK,
y[oke ns/ iBse tzv gqDkbh pko/ oki
wzsoh ;qh okU;kfjp gkfNb dkBt/ B/ b'e
;Gk ftu fJe ;tkb d/ fbysh itkp
ftu fdsh. T[BQK dZf;nk fe ;oeko B/
]poK ftu'I ]poK]poK ftu'I ]poK]poK ftu'I ]poK]poK ftu'I ]poK]poK ftu'I ]poK
48 :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, 2014
u"bK ns/ eDe dhnK ehwsK #s/ B}o
oZyD bJh eJh edw u[Ze/ jB, fi; ftu
eDe bJh dokwd eo xNk e/ 0 ns/
30 Btzpo se M'B/ ns/ u"bK dh Gzvko
;hwk bkr{ ehsh rJh j?. ;oeko b'VhIdh
y[okeh t;sK dh iwQKy'oh ns/ pb?e
wkoehfNzr d/ nkd/F Bkb b'VhIdh y[okeh
t;sK n?eN 1955, pb?e wkoehfNzr ns/
b'VhId/ y[okeh t;sK dh g{osh dk oZy-
oykn n?eN 1980 th bkr{ eo ojh j?.
okiK ~ th b'VhIdh y[okeh t;sK dh
iwQKy'oh ns/ pb?e wkoehfNzr ~ o'eD
bJh th fBod/F ikoh ehs/ rJ/ jB.
o/bt/ dk fJzihBhnfozr ewkbo/bt/ dk fJzihBhnfozr ewkbo/bt/ dk fJzihBhnfozr ewkbo/bt/ dk fJzihBhnfozr ewkbo/bt/ dk fJzihBhnfozr ewkb
T{Xwg[o-eNVk BthI o/bt/ bkJhB ~
gqXkB wzsoh ;qh Bo/Ido w'dh B/ 4 i[bkJh
2014 ~ okFNo ~ ;wofgs ehsk ;h,
T[so o/bt/ dh 326 feb'whNo bzph
T{Xwg[o-eNVk-ekihr[zv-FqhBro-pkokw{bk
o/bt/ bkJhB gqki?eN dk fJe fjZ;k j?.
fJj o/bt/ bkJhB izw{ y/so d/ wjZstg{oB
FfjoK ~ nkg; ftu i'Vdh j?. izw{ y/so
d/ FfjoK ftu eNVk th Fkfwb j?, i'
fonk;h f}bQ/ dh sfj;hb j?. eNVk dh
]k; nfjwhns j?, feT[Ife fJE'I FoXkb{ ;qh
wksk t?FB' d/th d/ doFB bJh nkgDh
:ksok F[o{ eod/ jB. j[D se fJj
Ffjo izw{-sth Bkb i[fVnk j'fJnk ;h.
T{Xwg[o-eNVk d/ w[ezwb j'D Bkb FoXkb{nK
~ j[D nkT[D ikD bJh fJe j'o o;sk
fwb frnk j?. fJj o/bt/ bkJhB fjwkfbnk
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ftu'I j' e/ r[}odh j?. fJj o/b bkJhB
eJh ;VeK, eZu/ o;s/ ns/ grvzvhnK ~
gko eod/ j'J/ eJh BdhnK-Bkb/ ns/
BfjoK s'I j' e/ bzxdh j?. fJ; ;?eFB
ftu e[Zb 10H9 feb'whNo bzph ;[ozr j?.
;Zs tZv/ ns/ 29 S'N/ g[b Fkfwb jB.
fJ; o/b ;?eFB d/ fBowkD bJh 31
wkou 2014 se 1132 eo'V 75 bZy
o[gJ/ dh bkrs nkJh j?. fJ; ;?eFB
ftu 22 fsZy/ w'V jB. ;G s'I f}nkdk
fsZyk w'V 5 fvroh dk j?. :ksoh
rZvhnK Bkb i[V/ w[Zy gb/Nckow 1,2 ns/
3 jB, i' 550 whNo bzp/ jB. pBhjkb-
pkokw{bk o/bt/ bkJhB 326 feb'whNo
bzph T{Xwg[o-eNVk-ekihr[zv-FqhBro-pkokw{bk
o/bt/ bkJhB dk fJe fjZ;k j?. fJj
o/bt/ bkJhB okFNoh wjZst dk gqki?eN
j?. fJ; #s/ w"i{dk ;zGkfts bkrs brGr
19 j}ko 565 eo'V o[gJ/ j?. 31 wkou
2014 se fJ; gqki?eN T[s/ brGr
9666 eo'V 71 bZy o[gJ/ you ehs/ ik
u[Ze/ jB. i[bkJh 2014 s'I eNVk se 4
o/b ;/tktK F[o{ ehshnK rJhnK jB. fJj
o/b ;/tktK BthI fdZbh-wksk t?FB' d/th
eNVk n?e;gq?;, gmkBe'N-;qh wksk t?FB'
d/th eNVk vh n?w :{ ns/ fJe j'o izw{-
sth-;qh wksk t?FB' d/th eNVk vh n?w :{
j?. GftZy ftu eNVk ~ i'VB tkbhnK 9
j'o o/b ;/tktK F[o{ ehshnK ikDrhnK.
okFNoh pkb f;js gq'rokw sfjsokFNoh pkb f;js gq'rokw sfjsokFNoh pkb f;js gq'rokw sfjsokFNoh pkb f;js gq'rokw sfjsokFNoh pkb f;js gq'rokw sfjs
pZfunK dh f;js dh iKupZfunK dh f;js dh iKupZfunK dh f;js dh iKupZfunK dh f;js dh iKupZfunK dh f;js dh iKu
okFNoh pkb f;js gq'rokw j/m 18
;kb se dh T[wo tkb/ ;ko/ pZfunK dh
f;js dh iKu ehsh ikt/rh. fJj iKu
T[BQK d/ iBw d/ ;w/I d'FK, xkNK, phwkohnK
ns/ ftek; ftu d/oh bJh ehsh ikt/rh.
fJ; fwFB j/m gq;skt j? fe ;ko/
Btiks fFF{nK ~ f;js ;j{bsK T[gbpX
eotkJhnK ikDrhnK. 6 j\s/ s'I 6 ;kbK
se dh T[wo tor tkb/ pZfunK dh iKu
ehsh ikt/rh ns/ 6 s'I 18 ;kb se dh
T[wo tor tkb/ pZfunK d/ Bkw ;oekoh
;jkfJsk tkb/ ;e{bK ftu fby/ ikDr/
ns/ fJBQK dh iKu d' ubdhnK fcodhnK
nk:{F NhwK tb'I ehsh ikt/rh. jo Nhw
ftu fJe g[oF vkeNo ns/ fJe wfjbk
vkeNo ns/ fJe dkJh ns/ n"FXh-ftfrnkBh
oj/rh. fJj ikDekoh oki ;Gk ftu
f;js wzsoh B/ fJe ;tkb d/ fbysh
itkp ftu fdsh.
g?okf;Nkw'b ns/ eq';hB dhnK ehwsK
;kb 2013 d/ dtkJh w[Zb fB:zsqD
nkd/F j/m g?okf;Nkw'b dh 500 fwbhrqkw
dhnK r'bhnK dh tZX ehws gqfs r'bh
94 g?;/ B'NhckJh ehsh rJh ;h. b'e
;Gk ftu fJe ;tkb d/ T[so ftu
o;kfJD ns/ ykd oki wzsoh Fqh fBjkb
uzd B/ fejk fe eq';hB t/uD tkbh fJe
fBZih ckow?;h cow B/ n?vtK; eq';hB Bkw
s'I fJj dtk t/uD bJh no}h fdsh j?
ns/ nghb ehsh j? fe fJ; ~ vhHghH;hHUH
2013 dh Xkok 32(III) dhnK ftt;EktKs'I w[es ehsk ikt/. fJj Xkok fJ; dtk
d/ tZX w[Zb T[s/ bkr{ j?. iKu gVskb d/
pknd n?B gh gh J/ B/ fJ; ckow?;h dh
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J/ B/ fJ; ezgBh tb'I f}nkdk t;{bh rJh
oew dh wzr g/F ehsh j? ns/ fJj oew
fJ; d"okB tZX t;{b ehsh ehws d/
pokpo j?. fJ; ezgBh B/ fJ; f;bf;b/
ftu 54 eo'V o[gJ/ dh oew iwQK eo
fdsh j?.
f;tb j;gskb j[fFnkog[o wkJheo'
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vh n?; gh) dk T[dxkNB
xo-xo p/jsohB f;js ;j{bsK
gj[zukT[D dh :'iBk sfjs gzikp ;oeko
tb'I f;tb j;gskbK dh B[jko pdbD
bJh tZvh gZXo #s/ BthBheoB ehsk ik
fojk j?. fi; d/ ubfdnK f;tb j;gskb
j[fFnkog[o ftu vkfJo?eNo f;js s/ gfotko
GbkJh n\;o eoBihs f;zx tb'I wkJheo'
pkfJUb"ih b/pkoNoh nXhB (nkJh vh
n?; gh) dk T[dxkNB ehsk frnk.
f;js vkfJo?eNo B/ dZf;nk fe fJ;
b/pkoNoh y[ZbQD Bkb wohiK ~ tZy'I-tZy
phwkohnK d/ N?;NK bJh j[D fBZih
b/pkoNohnK tZb sZeDk BjhI gt/rk.
ghHnkJhHphH ibzXo.
:'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, 2014 49
e; ftek; p?Ie iK BthI ftek;
p?Ie (n?B vh ph) fJe pj[gZyh
ftek; p?Ie j? i' ftFt d/ gzi ;G s'I
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n\ohek) fejk iKdk j?, tb'I ;zukfbs
ehsh ikt/rh. fJ; BthI p?Ie dh ;EkgBk
w[Zy s"o s/ ftek;Fhb d/FK d/ p[fBknkdh
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tk;s/ ehsh rJh j?, i' fJBQK d/FK dh
ftFt noEuko/ ftu ftF/Fsk ~ do;kT[Idk
j?. F[o{nks ftu fJ; p?Ie e'b 50
fpbhnB nwoheh vkbo dh g{zih j't/rh
fi; ~ gzi d/FK dofwnkB pokpo tzv
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vkbo Brd ;Zs ;kbK d"okB brkJ/
ikDr/ ns/ pkeh 40 fwbhnB vkbo
}wkBhnK d/ o{g ftu T[gbpX j't/rk.
fJBQK d/FK tb'I nuBu/s Gzvko gqpzX (;h
nko J/) dh F[o{nks dk th n?bkB ehsk
frnk fi; ~ 2013 ftu wB}{o ehsk
frnk ;h. fJ; sfjs 100 fpbhnB
vkbo dk ftZs gqkgs j't/rk i' ftZsh ;zeN
d/ ;fwnK ftu ;[oZfynk ikbh dh G{fwek
fBGkJ/rk. fJ; dk fpqe; d/FK, i' E'VQ/
;w/I dk ftZsh ;zeN iK G[rskB d/ ;zs[bB
fijhnK ;wZf;nktK Bkb i{M oj/ j'Dr/, ~
nkgksekbh ftZs w[jZJhnk eotkT[D dk
Nhuk j't/rk. p?Ie dk w[Zy d\so FzxkJh
(uhB) ftu j't/rk ns/ fJj p?Ie 2016
ftu eo}k d/Dk F[o{ eo d/t/rk. pokpoh
do;kT[D bJh fJ; dh gqXkBrh pdbdh
oj/rh. Gkos gfjb/ S/ ;kbK bJh fJ;
dk gqXkB j't/rk, fi; T[gozs pqk}hb ns/
o{; gzi-gzi ;kbK bJh gqXkB j'Dr/.
uhB dh 2021 se tkoh BjhI nkt/rh.
fBod/FeK dh gfoFd dk T[dxkNBh w[yh
pqk}hb s'I j't/rk ns/ rtoBoK dh gfoFd
dk F[o{nksh w[yh o{; s'I j't/rk. fJj
nzsookFNoh ftZsh ;z;EktK fit/I ftFt
p?Ie ns/ nzsookFNoh ftZsh \zv d/ fpbe[b
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iK :{og d/ w?Ipo fJ; dk w[yh j[zdk j?.
nuBu/s Gzvo gqpzX nzsookFNoh ftZsh
;z;EktK fit/I nkJh n?w n?\ dk pdb
j't/rk i' fpqe; d/FK ns/ d{i/ rohp
noEukfonK ~ G[rskB d/ ;zs[bB dhnK
;wZf;nktK ;w/I ;o's w[jZJhnk eotkJ/rk.
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fdqF ftu, ftFt p?Ie dh u"Xo ~ fJe
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B/sk fpqe; tNKdok rmi'V dh ;EkgBk
pko/ th ftuko eo oj/ jB sK fe tkb
;NohN d/ dpdp/ tkb/ ngkodoFh ftT[Ispzdh
sZsK ~ u[B"sh fdsh ik ;e/. fJ; tb'I
nzso-wjKdhgh tNKdok (nkJh ;h Jh)
dhnK ;ZN/pk}h tkbhnK ;orowhnK ~
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pko/ th ;'funk ik fojk j?. fJj uko
;o's - BthI ftek; p?Ie, nuBu/s Gzvko
gqpzX, fpqe; tNKdok rmi'V ns/ fpqe;
T{oik rmi'V - id'I g{oh soQK ezw eoBk
nkozG eo d/Dr/ sK fJe BtK nzsookFNoh
nkofEe fB}kw f;oiD dh fdFk #u tZvk
gfotosB fbnkT[D d/ ;woZE j'Dr/.
B? `N fBogZyskB? `N fBogZyskB? `N fBogZyskB? `N fBogZyskB? `N fBogZysk
B?N-fBogZysk FpdK dh ekY e'bzphnk
d/ ek~B d/ gq'\?;B fNw t{ tb'I ehsh
rJh. fJj T[j f;XKs j? fi; nB[;ko
fJzNoB?N #s/ v/Nk ~ fBogZgsk Bkb ;wZroh
;o's iK gj[zu ;EkB d/ ;zdoG ftu,
fJXo-T[Xo eoB dh fJik}s j?. feT[Ife
fJzNoB?N dh tos'I p'bD dh nk}kdh
nkoEks b'eszso dk fJe p[fBnkdh nzr
j?, d[BhnK Go d/ t?p ekoieosk fJj
}'o fdzd/ nk oj/ jB fe fJzNoB?`N
;kfonK bJh w[\s j'Dk ukjhdk j?, i'
w[ekpb/pk}h ns/ BthBsk fbnkT[D bJh
fJe y[ZbQk wzu j't/. go j[D, fJzNoB?N
gqdksk (nkJh n?; gh}) dbhb d/ oj/
jB, feT[Ife T[j tos'Ieko ~ fJe ;/tk
gqdkB eo oj/ jB, fJ; eoe/ T[BQK ~
\?;bk eoB dh S'N j't/ fe T[j ;/tk
fe; soQK d/Dr/ ns/ fJ; ;/tk pdb/
tos'IekoK s'I g?;/ th t;{bDr/. fJj B?N
fBogZysk d/ ftuko bJh fJe u[B"sh j?.
toswkB ftu, fJj fJzNoB?N ;/tktK
gqdksk iK ;wZroh gqdkB eoB tkfbnK ~
;wZroh w[skpe tZy-tZy doK bkr{ eoB
dh nkfrnk BjhI j?. tos'Ieko fe;/ th
t?p;kJhN bJh fJzNoB?N dh tos'I eo
;ed/ jB, b'V nB[;ko v/Nk vkT{Bb'v
eo ;ed/ jB. fJj y[ZbQkgB jh phs/
;kbK ftu fJzNoB?N d/ s/}h Bkb fte;s
j' oj/ pk}ko dk ekoB j?. go j[D fJj
B?Ntoe ;/tktK gqdksk dbhb d/ oj/ jB
fe fJj w[es T[dw dk w[Zdk j?, fJ;
eoe/ T[j j[D j'o fBogZy BjhI ofjDk
eh s[;hI ikDd/ j'<eh s[;hI ikDd/ j'<eh s[;hI ikDd/ j'<eh s[;hI ikDd/ j'<eh s[;hI ikDd/ j'<
BthI ftek; p?Ie (n?`B vh ph)BthI ftek; p?Ie (n?`B vh ph)BthI ftek; p?Ie (n?`B vh ph)BthI ftek; p?Ie (n?`B vh ph)BthI ftek; p?Ie (n?`B vh ph)
fpqfpqfpqfpqfpq
pkeh ;\k 51 T[`s/pkeh ;\k 51 T[`s/pkeh ;\k 51 T[`s/pkeh ;\k 51 T[`s/pkeh ;\k 51 T[`s/
50 :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, 2014
f;jsf;jsf;jsf;jsf;js
f;js gq'rokwK ~ bkr{ eoB ;w/I fdZesKf;js gq'rokwK ~ bkr{ eoB ;w/I fdZesKf;js gq'rokwK ~ bkr{ eoB ;w/I fdZesKf;js gq'rokwK ~ bkr{ eoB ;w/I fdZesKf;js gq'rokwK ~ bkr{ eoB ;w/I fdZesK
irdhg e"oirdhg e"oirdhg e"oirdhg e"oirdhg e"o
Sb/ brGr 17 ;kb w?I gzikp
d/ g/Iv{ y/so ftu f;js ns/
gfotko efbnkD ftGkr d/ nzr ti'I
;orow f;js ekw/ d/ s"o s/ ftuoh jK.
fJ; d"okB b'eK dhnK f;js ;zpzXh
;wZf;nktK ns/ fJBQK ;wZf;nktK gqfs T[BQK
d/ (b'eK d/) ftjko ~ pVk B/V/ s'I t/fynk
j?. f;js ns/ gfotko efbnkD ftGkr
ftu J/ n?B n?w ns/ w/b j?bE toeo
jh jB fiBQK #s/ gzikp ;oeko ns/ e/Ido
;oeko tb'I pDkJ/ iKd/ f;js (;[Xko)
;zpzXh gqki?eNK ~ bkr{ eoB dh f}zw/tkoh
g?Idh j?. fJj th nfseEBh BjhI j't/rh
fe fJj w/b ns/ chw/b (]k; eoe/
chw/b) j?bE toeo jh jB fijV/ gb;
g'bhT[ torhnK tZvhnK f;js w[fjzwK ~
nwbh ikwk gfjBkT[Id/ jB. fJ; s'I
fJbktk, b'eK dh f;js ;zpzXh, f;js
ftGkr tb'I ehs/ ikD tkb/ tZy-tZy
;ot/yD, roGtsh n"osK dh d/yo/y (n?INh-
B/Nb ns/ g';N-B/Nb e/no) nbr-
nbr phwkohnK dh o'eEkw bJh NhekeoB
dh f}zw/tkoh th J/ n?B n?w dh jh j[zdh
j?. ;w[Zu/ o{g ftu pj[-wzsth f;js ekw/
f;js ns/ gfotko efbnkD ftGkr d/
gq'rokwK ~ bkr{ eoB tkb/ j[Boh ekfwnK
dk w'joh d;sk j?.
fJBQK ekfwnK dk fjZ;k j[zfdnK w?I
nkw b'eK dhnK f;js ;wZf;nktK ~ pVk
B/V/ s'I t/fynk j?. pj[sh tko fJj th
f]nkb nkT[Idk fojk fe i/ fJBQK f;js
;wZf;nktK ~ ;wki d/ nkofEe s/ ;wkfie
w;fbnK d/ ;zdoG ftu jZb ehsk ikt/
sK fJj tX/o/ gkfJdko Yzr Bkb jZb
ehshnK ik ;edhnK jB. fJE/ fJj th
fXnkB d/D :'r gZy j? fe gzikp dh
;EkBe nkpkdh ftu pj[s ;kohnK S{s
dhnK phwkohnK brGr ysw j' u[ZehnK
jB go gqtk;h nkpkdh Bkb T[j fJE/ w[V
gqt/F eo ojhnK jB. gb; g'bhT[ ns/
j'o iBse f;js w[fjzwK d"okB gqtk;h
nkpkdh ~ eto eoB #s/ ek\h }'o fdsk
iKdk j?. fJ; nkpkdh dhnK f;js
;wZf;nktK jB th rzGho ns/ fJe tZyoh
fbys dh wzr eodhnK jB.
fco th fJ; rZb ~ fXnkB ftu
oZyD dh b'V j? fe nkofEe, f;Zfynk ns/
;wkfie f}zdrh d/ fJe ]k; gZXo se
;[Xko s'I fpBK ;wki dhnK f;js ;wZf;nktK
th ;jh Yzr Bkb jZb BjhI ehshnK ik
;edhnK. fJ; soQK f;js ;wZf;nk dk
wkBth, ftfdne, ;wkfie gfjb{ brGr
;KMk j?. T[dkjoD ti'I, roGtsh n"osK
dh d/yo/y eofdnK n;hI ]{B dh ewh dk
;kjwDk nkw eod/ jK. fJ; ~ t/yfdnK
n;hI fJBQK n"osK ~ fiE/ f;js ftGkr
tb'I gqdkB ehshnK iKdhnK nkfJoB ns/
c'fbe n?f;v dhnK r'bhnK ykD bJh
fdzd/ jK T[E/ nkfJoB ;p}hnK, cb ns/
j'o y[oke ykD dh ;bkj th fdzd/ jK.
go ;kvh fJj ;bkj ;wki d/ rohp
torK bJh o;wh jh j[zdh j? feT[Ife T[BQK
d/ nkofEe jkbks d/ wZd/B}o fJj rZb
;k~ gfjbK jh gsk j[zdh j? fe nfijh
y[oke jk;b eoBk fJBQK b'eK d/ tZ; dh
rZb BjhI. fJ; sZE d/ pkti{d, n;hI
nkgDhnK B/e ;bkjK dh o;w g{oh eod/
ofjzd/ jK. fJj sZE th fXnkB ftu oZyD
tkbk j? fe f;js ftGkr e'b d/yo/y ns/
fJbki bJh nkw s"o s/ rohp ns/
j/mbk wZX tor jh gj[zu eodk j?. T[u
tor ns/ nwho torK d/ b'e nkw s"o
s/ wfjzr/ fBZih j;gskbK ~ gfjb fdzd/
jB. fJ; fdqFNh s'I ;oekoh ns/ iBse
f;js ;/tktK dh wjZssk n;b ftu g/Iv{
ns/ Ffjoh rohpK ns/ gqtk;h nkpkdh
tk;s/ jh j?.
fit/I gfjbK ftukfonk frnk j? fe
;w[ZuhnK f;js ;/tktK ~ ;jh o{g ftu
bkr{ eoB bJh ;wki dh nkofEesk,
;fGnkukoe ;'Mh ns/ ftZfdnk dk fJe
n";sB gZXo jk;b eoBk pj[s }o{oh
j?. fJ; dh nDj'Id ftu ;oekoh f;js
gqki?eN ;jh soQK bkr{ BjhI ehs/ ik
;ed/. fJBQK gZyK dh nDj'Id ftu Bk sK
wB[Zyh nkpkdh nkgDh ;ohoe f;js ~
ekfJw oZyD d/ ekpb j[zdh j? ns/ Bk jh
T[BQK e'b nkgD/ wkBf;e ftek; bJh
b'VhIdh ftfdne$;fGnkukoe ;'Mh j[zdh
j?.
fXnkB d/D tkbk gZy fJj j?
fe ftfdne ns/ ;wkfie$;fGnkukoe
gSV/tK th f;js gq'rokwK ~ bkr{ eoB
d/ okj ftu T[Bh jh tZvh o[ektN pDdk
j? fizBh tZvh o[ektN nkofEe ;kXBK dk
Bk j'Dk j?. brksko tXdh wfjzrkJh
fgfgfgfgfg
:'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, 2014 51
ekoB fJj ekoi j'o n"y/ j[zd/ ik oj/
jB.
T[go'es ;zdoG ftu e[M xNBktK
dk f}eo eoBk tkip j??. id'I n;hI T[u
wZXtorh ns/ nwho xoK ftu gfotko
fB:'iB iK j'o gq'rokwK dh ikDekoh d/D
bJh iKd/ jK sK T[j b'e nfijh ikDekoh
~ c}{b ;wMd/ jB ns/ eJh tko sK
dotk}k y'bQDk th w[Bk;p BjhI ;wMd/.
fJ; d/ T[bN id'I rohp xoK iK gqtk;h
nkpkdh ftu iKd/ jK sK pj[sh tko T[j
nkgDh ;hws ftZfdne ;'Mh ekoB fJBQK
gq'rokwK ~ ngDkT[D s'I nkBkekBh eod/
jB iK T[BQK dh nkofEe-;wkfie jkbs
fJBQK d/ okj ftu o[ektN pD iKdh j?.
nkw s"o s/ t/fynk frnk j? fe gVQ/-fby/
ns/ nwho w[;bwkBK d/ w[ekpb/ rohp
ns/ nBgVQ w[;bwkB nkpkdh gfotko
fB:'iB ;kXBK ~ ngDkT[D ftu f}nkdk
fMie fdykT[Idh j?.
fJzi t/yd/ jK fe e/Ido ;oeko, oki
;oeko ns/ ftFt p?Ie tb'I ;gK;o f;js
gq'rokwK$gqki?eNK ~ ngDkT[D iK BkekoB
d/ wkwb/ ftu nkpkdh d/ tZy-tZy fjZ;/
tZy'-tZyo/ gqfseow gqrN eod/ jB. fJBQK
gqfseowK ~ pkoheh Bkb ;wM e/ jh ;k~
nkgD/ GftZy d/ gq'rokw$gqki?eN T[bheD/
ukjhd/ jB. n;hI nkgD/ tZy-tZy gq'rokwK$
gqki?eNK dh gj[zu nkpkdh d/ fe; ro[g
se eoBh j? ns/ ;kvk Nhuk ;wkfie
ro[g fejVk j?, fJ; gk;/ tZb ek\h
fXnkB fds/ ikD dh b'V j?. ;wkfie
nkofEe ns/ ftZfdne s"o s/ ;wki ftu
tZy-tZy gZXo #s/ ftuoB tkb/ b'eK ftu
s[;hI fJe;ko gq'rokw fsnko eoe/ T[BQK
~ j{-p-j{ ;cbsk Bkb bkr{ BjhI eo
;ed/. w;bB, gfotko fB:'iB d/ gq'rokwK
~ bkr{ eoB dh b'V rohp spfenK
ftu tX/o/ j?. go fJBQK ~ ngDkT[D ns/
;wMD dh ftZfdne :'rsk th T[BQK d/
e'b j'Dh ukjhdh j?. go fJ; d/ T[bN
T[u wZX torh ns/ nwho b'eK bJh
fJBQK gq'rokwK dh e'Jh wjZssk BjhI j[zdh.
T[j fJBQK pko/ gfjbK jh ;[u/s j[zd/ jB.
fJ; bJh ftfdne, ;wkfie,
;fGnkukoe, nkofEe ns/ Xkofwe fdqFNh
s'I nkpkdh d/ tZy-tZy spfenK ~ fXnkB
ftu oZy e/ tZy'-tZyo/ ns/ ftF/F f;js
GbkJh g'rokw th fsnko ehs/ ik ;ed/
jB. tZy-tZy gq'rokwK ;zpzXh gquko ;wZroh
fsnko eofdnK fJBQK gZyK ~ ]k; s"o s/
fXnkB ftu oZfynk ikDk ukjhdk j?.
nfijh Bhsh Bk f;o\ ;w{fje nkpkdh
se ;kv/ f;js gq'rokwK dh gj[zu ~
;kofEe pDkJ/rh, ;r'I fJ; Bkb nkpkdh
d/ b'Vtzd spfenK se gj[zu eoBh th
ukj[zd/. fJ; dk wsbp j[D fJe B?Ntoe
;/tktK gqdksk T[BQK rkjeK ~ jh soihj
d/t/rk i' fJzNoB?N dh tos'I bJh f}nkdk
g?;/ youD tk;s/ fsnko jB.
go, B?N-fBogZysk d/ ftuko dh
d[BhnK Go ftu tZvh ;thfeqsh j? ns/
pj[s ;ko/ d/FK tb'I fJ; pko/ ek~B th
pDkJ/ rJ/ jB. T[dkjoD bJh, fuZbh
fJj ek~B pDkT[D tkbk gfjbk d/F j?
i' B?Ntoe ;/tktK gqdksk ~ ftseo/pk}h
eoB, fe;/ th tos'Ieko tb'I fJzNoB?N #s/
;wZroh G/iD, gqkgs eoB, ;wZroh ;KMh
eoB #s/ gkpzdh bkT[D iK o[ektN g?dk
eoB s'I o'edk j?. v?Bwkoe ftu fJe
ek~B w"i{d j? i' B?Ntoe ;/tktK gqdksk
~ tos'IekoK e'b'I g?;/ b?D, t?p;kJhN ftu
o[ektN g?dk eoB iK Xhw/ eoB #s/
gkpzdh bkT[Idk j?. fJ; d/ Bkb jh,
B?Ntoe ;/tktK gqdksk tb'I v/Nk dh
;[oZfynk bJh tos'Ieko d/ ezfgT{No #s/
e[eh} ;Ekgs eoB s'I gfjbK tos'Ieko
dh ;fjwsh b?Dk }o{oh j?. toswkB
;w/I, Gkos ftu fBogZysk bkr{ eoB bJh
e'Jh ek~B BjhI. Gkt/I, Nh nko J/ nkJh
J/ehfeqs dkybk ;/tktK dk bkfJ;z; d/D
;w/I nkgD/ fdFk-fBod/F ftu |?o-
ftseo/pk}h d/ f;XKs dh jkwh Godh j?,
go fJ; ~ ;ysh Bkb bkr{ eoB dk
e'Jh gqpzX BjhI j?. ;{uBk d/ nfXeko
ftu B?N-fBogZysk dh ;[oZfynk pko/ e'Jh
gqpzX BjhI j? fi; dh fe;/ B?Ntoe
;/tktK gqdksk tb'I tgkoe iK d{i/ ekoBK
eoe/ T[bzxDk ehsh ik ;edh j?.
;\k 49 dh pkeh;\k 49 dh pkeh;\k 49 dh pkeh;\k 49 dh pkeh;\k 49 dh pkeh
nk;kB j' ikt/rh. fJ; d/ Bkb-Bkb ;k~
nkgD/ ;wki d/ n";s nkofEe, ftfdne
ns/ ;fGnkukoe gZXo ~ T[uk u[ZeDk
j't/rk.
(b/fyek f;js ftGkr, gzikp Bkb ;zpzfXs
j?.)
e-mail :jsheeri2008@gmail.com
ftukoftukoftukoftukoftuko
• f;js ;G s'I tZvh ;zgsh j?. (n?wo;B)
• ;oho ~ d[opb s/ phwko oZyD s'I tZX
j'o e'Jh gkg BjhI j?.
(b'ewkfBnk fsbe)
• f;js jh ;kvh n;bh s/ ;Zuh fwZso j?.
(nBkwh)
• d/j no'rsk JhFto tb'I fwfbnk todkB
j?. (ejkts)
• f;js p|?o wB[Zy ftnoE jh j?.(ejkts)
• f;js dh ;zGkb ;k~ nkg eoBh ukjhdh
j?. (ejkts)
• fJbki eoB tkb/ wB dh no'rsk dk
fJbki ehs/ fpBK ;oho ~ ;t;E eoB
dk isB eod/ jB id'I fe wB s/ ;oho
fJZe' jh jB. (ncbks{B)
• j;w[Zy fujok o'rh bJh UBk jh uzrk j?fizBh ;t;E j'D dh ekwBk. (co?IefbB)
• o[Zy nkgD/ f;o T[s/ rowh ;jko b?Idk
j?, gozs{ nkgDh SK okjhI j'oBK ~ rowh
s'I pukT[Idk j?.
• c[Zb bZrD #s/ o[Zy M[e iKd/ jB. XBtkB
j' ikD Bkb ;ZiD g[oy th Bow fdb
pD/ ofjzd/ jB.
(ekbh dk;)
52 :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, :'iBk, ;szpo, 2014
g[;se gVu'bg[;se gVu'bg[;se gVu'bg[;se gVu'bg[;se gVu'b
g[;seg[;seg[;seg[;seg[;se LLLLL ek\bk jo\K dkek\bk jo\K dkek\bk jo\K dkek\bk jo\K dkek\bk jo\K dk
(eftsk ;zrqfj)(eftsk ;zrqfj)(eftsk ;zrqfj)(eftsk ;zrqfj)(eftsk ;zrqfj)
b/ye L pbtzs f;zx ;B/jhb/ye L pbtzs f;zx ;B/jhb/ye L pbtzs f;zx ;B/jhb/ye L pbtzs f;zx ;B/jhb/ye L pbtzs f;zx ;B/jh
gqekFegqekFegqekFegqekFegqekFe LLLLL pqjwkBzd w?w'ohnb NoZ;N, pqjwkBzd w?w'ohnb NoZ;N, pqjwkBzd w?w'ohnb NoZ;N, pqjwkBzd w?w'ohnb NoZ;N, pqjwkBzd w?w'ohnb NoZ;N,
o{gBro, gzikp.o{gBro, gzikp.o{gBro, gzikp.o{gBro, gzikp.o{gBro, gzikp.
gzB/ L 112, w[Zb L 150 o[gJ/gzB/ L 112, w[Zb L 150 o[gJ/gzB/ L 112, w[Zb L 150 o[gJ/gzB/ L 112, w[Zb L 150 o[gJ/gzB/ L 112, w[Zb L 150 o[gJ/
@ek\bk jo\K# dk pbtzs f;zx
;B/jh dk gfjbk ekft ;zrqfj j?. fJ; s'I
gfjbK T[; dhnK eftsktK, ejkDhnK s/
|}bK tZy-tZy o;kfbnK ftu Sg u[ZehnK
jB. ;B/jh ~ jo\K d/ ek\b/ pZMD dk
j[Bo T[BQK d/ fgsk s'I ftok;s ftu
fwfbnk j? i' y[d eth ;B. eth wB
pugB s'I i' ;'udk, t/ydk, ;wMdk,
wfj;{;dk s/ b'udk j?, T[jh T[j ek|}
#s/ fJe b?n ftu T[e/o fdzdk j? sK
eftsk dk iBw j' iKdk j?. ][Fh, |w,
nkFk, fBokFk, fpojk, fJeZbsk, }o{os,
i}pk s/ ebgBk nkfd eth ~ eftsk
fbyD tkb/ gk;/ f}nkdk gq/od/ jB.
fgSb/oh T[wo ftu fbfynk fJj
ekft ;zrqfj eth dh ;koh T[wo d/
nB[GtK dk fBu'V j?. f}zdrh d/ jo
gfjb{ ~ eth B/ pV/ jh ebkswe nzdk}
ftu g/F ehsk j?. toswkB ;w/I dk
FkfJd jh e'Jh nfijk gfjb{ j't/rk i'
eth dh ebgBk s'I tKMk ofj frnk
j't/. ;B/jh B/ G{s, GftZy s/ toswkB,
nfXnksw, wkBtsktkdh s/ ;wkitkdh gZy
~ nkgDhnK eftsktK ftu pV/ jh ;[uZi/
Yzr Bkb g/F ehsk j?. wK p'bh #s/ eth
dh pVh v{zxh geV j?. eth B/ nZi
;[brd/ j'J/ jo w[Zd/ ~ jo\K dk ikwk
g[nkfJnk j?.
d/F dh tzv, okiBhsh, n"osK dh
p/gsh, BF/ dh nzBQh tos'I, nBgVQsk,
Go{D jZfsnk, pkb ftnkj, foFfsnK dh
wjZssk, ftnkjK #s/ \}{b youh, ew}'o
nkofEesk, rohph, wfjzrkJh, fGqFNkuko
nkfd #s/ nkgDh ebw okjhI jo\K ~
b?npZX ehsk j? i' fe fJe Fbkxk:'r
ekoi j?. wK, G?D, Gok, fgT[, g[Zso,
ukuh, skJh, G{nk, B{zj-;Z;, BDkB-GikJh,
r[nKYh se jo foFs/ ~ pV/ jh ebkswe
Yzr Bkb jo\pZX ehsk j?. oZp, gzSh,
pZu/, shi fsUjko, w";w, y/s, o[Zy, gq/w,
fpqjk se ~ ekft ikwk gfjBkfJnk frnk
j?. wK p'bh gzikph ~ eth B/ fJzi wkD
p]fFnk j? L
fJj p'bh e'Jh rztko{ BjhI,
fJj sK j? T[u feodkoK dh.
fJj p'bh ;zsK ghoK dh,
fJj p'bh j? ntskoK dh.
fJj p'bh pkp/ BkBe dh,
cohd ghb{, ekdo:koK dh.
fJj p'bh nzfwqsk gqhsw dh,
iK fFt fij/ |wykoK dh.
@ek\bk jo\K dk# g[;se ftu ftnzr
Gog{o eftsktK th Fkfwb jB, fit/I @Xh#
f;ob/y j/m fbyh eftsk L
g[Zs i/eo w?I j'Itdh,
w/oh j'o j'Dh ;h sedho.
izwD s/ wkg/ w/o/,
oZi oZi yKd/ yho.
wko e/ fYZvhI w[ZehnK,
Bk o'Idk w/ok pkg.
fibQs Go/ ihtB dk,
Bk G'rdh wK ;zskg.
fJ;/ soQK, tzB-;[tzB/ d/;h foFfsnK
d/ nzrq/}h ftu f;o\ nzeb, nKNh se
;[zrV e/ ofj ikD #s/ ftnzr ehsk frnk
j?. fJ; d/ Bkb jh eth ;dGktBk,
wkBtsk, FfjBFhbsk, d/F Grsh, ;[Xkotkd,
G"fse ;ZfGnkuko, ;wkfie e[ohshnK s/
T{DskJhnK, fGqFNkuko, nB?fse, ;wkfie
gsB, nkdoFjhDsk, nzsow[ysk, n;kt/I
nkofEe gqpzX, foFfsnK d/ xkD, bVehnK
d/ jZe, Go{D jZfsnk s/ spkj j' ojhnK
;wkfie edoK-ehwsK pko/ fuzss B}o
nkT[Idk j?. g/Iv{ wkj"b ftu ;zxoF g{oB
f}zdrh fiT[Id/ j'J/ eth B/ fi; gZXo dh
eftsk ouh j?, T[j ;bkj[D :'r j?.
gzikp, gzikphns, nfXnkswe, gqfeosh
fusoB, eqKsh, fgnko s/ Bkoh u/sBk eth
d/ wB g;zd ftF/ gqshs j[zd/ jB. g[;se
dh ;ob s/ m/m gzikph ftu ouh eftsk,
ftdtkB s/ ;kXkoB gkme ~ fJe'
fizBh fFZds Bkb nkgD/ tb nkeofFs
eodh j?. nk; j? fe gkme ;B/jh dh
fJ; gfjbh g[;se dk g[o}'o ;tkrs
eoBr/.
- ;opihs e"o
(gzikph)(gzikph)(gzikph)(gzikph)(gzikph)
d/ nrb/ nzed/ nrb/ nzed/ nrb/ nzed/ nrb/ nzed/ nrb/ nze
• nes{po 2014 - fJj nze nes{po 2014 - fJj nze nes{po 2014 - fJj nze nes{po 2014 - fJj nze nes{po 2014 - fJj nze n;zrfms y/so n;zrfms y/so n;zrfms y/so n;zrfms y/so n;zrfms y/so T[`s/ e/Idfos j't/rk.T[`s/ e/Idfos j't/rk.T[`s/ e/Idfos j't/rk.T[`s/ e/Idfos j't/rk.T[`s/ e/Idfos j't/rk.
• Btzpo 2014 - fJj nze Btzpo 2014 - fJj nze Btzpo 2014 - fJj nze Btzpo 2014 - fJj nze Btzpo 2014 - fJj nze seBkb'ih, BthBheoB s/ frnkB nkofEeskseBkb'ih, BthBheoB s/ frnkB nkofEeskseBkb'ih, BthBheoB s/ frnkB nkofEeskseBkb'ih, BthBheoB s/ frnkB nkofEeskseBkb'ih, BthBheoB s/ frnkB nkofEesk
T[`s/ e/Idfos j't/rk.T[`s/ e/Idfos j't/rk.T[`s/ e/Idfos j't/rk.T[`s/ e/Idfos j't/rk.T[`s/ e/Idfos j't/rk.
:'iBk (gzikph) dhnK uzdk doK:'iBk (gzikph) dhnK uzdk doK:'iBk (gzikph) dhnK uzdk doK:'iBk (gzikph) dhnK uzdk doK:'iBk (gzikph) dhnK uzdk doK
fJe ;kb L fJe ;kb L fJe ;kb L fJe ;kb L fJe ;kb L `100, d' ;kb L 100, d' ;kb L 100, d' ;kb L 100, d' ;kb L 100, d' ;kb L `180, fszB ;kb L 180, fszB ;kb L 180, fszB ;kb L 180, fszB ;kb L 180, fszB ;kb L `250250250250250
;koe d/FK bJh ;kbkBk ;koe d/FK bJh ;kbkBk ;koe d/FK bJh ;kbkBk ;koe d/FK bJh ;kbkBk ;koe d/FK bJh ;kbkBk `530,530,530,530,530,
:{og s/ j'o d/FK bJh ;kbkBk :{og s/ j'o d/FK bJh ;kbkBk :{og s/ j'o d/FK bJh ;kbkBk :{og s/ j'o d/FK bJh ;kbkBk :{og s/ j'o d/FK bJh ;kbkBk `730730730730730
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