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T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 438
XVII. karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis Design of Two-Way Slabs
1> esckþIepþIm Introduction
kMralxNнGacRtUv)anBicarNaCaGgát;eRKOgbgÁúMEdlmankMras; h tUcCagRbEvg L nigTTwg S . TMrg;d¾samBaØrbs;kMralxNнKWkMralxNнEdlRtUv)anRTedayTMrQmKña Edlvapþl;nUvPaBdabcMbgkñúg TismYy EdleKeGayeQ μaHfa kMralxNнmYyTis (one-way slab). karKNnakMralxNнmYyTisman niyayenAkñúgemeronTI 9. enAeBlkMralxNнRtUv)anRTedayRCugTaMgbYn nigmanpleFobbeNþay L elITTwg S tUcCag BIr ehIykMralxNнdabBIrTis elIsBIenHbnÞúkenAelIkMralxNнRtUv)anbBa¢ÚneTATMrTaMgbYnRCug. kMral xNнEbenHRtUv)aneKeGayeQ μaHfa kMralxNнBIrTis (two-way slab). m:Um:g;Bt; nigPaBdabenAkñúgkM ralxNнEbbenHtUcCagenAkñúgkMralxNнmYyTis kMralxNнdUcKñaGacRTbnÞúk)aneRcInCagenAeBlEdl vamanTMrTaMgbYnRCug. bnÞúkenAkñúgkrNIenHRtUv)anRTBIrTis ehIym:Um:g;Bt;kñúgTisnImYy²tUcCagm:Um:g; Bt;enAkñúgkMralxNнRbsinebIbnÞúkrbs;vaRtUv)anRTkñúgTisEtmYy. kartMerob rt-Fñwm-kMralxNн (slab-
beam-girder) KMrUénkMralxNнmYyTis nigBIrTisRtUv)anbgðajenAkñúgrUbTI 17>1.
2> RbePTkMralxNнBIrTis Types of Two-Way Slabs
kMralxNнebtugBIrTisGacRtUv)ancat;cMNat;fñak;dUcxageRkam³
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 439
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 440
a. kMralxNнBIrTisenAelIFñwm (two-way slab on beam)³ krNIenHekItmanenAeBlEdlkMral xNнBIrTisRtUv)anRTedayFñwmenAelIRCugTaMgGs;rbs;va ¬rUbTI17>1¦. bnÞúkBIkMralxNнRtUv bBa¢ÚneTATMrFñwmTaMgbYnrbs;va EdlnwgbBa¢ÚnbnÞúkbnþeTAssr.
b. Flat slab³ CakMralxNнBIrTisEdlRtUv)anBRgwgBIrTisedayKñanFñwmRT ehIybnÞúkRtUv)anbBa¢Ún pÞal;eTAssrTMr. ssrcg;TMluHkMralxNн EdlRtUv)ankarBaredaybIviFIxageRkam ¬rUbTI 17>2 nig 17>3¦³ - edayeRbI drop panel CamYynwg column capital. - edayeRbI drop panel EdlK μan column capital. ebtugEdlBT§½CMuvij column capital KYr
EtRkas;RKb;RKan;edIm,ITb;Tl;nwgkugRtaMgTajGgát;RTUgEdlekItBIkMlaMgkat; punching
shear. - edayeRbI column capital edayK μan drop panel EdlCaviFImYyminFmμta.
c. Flat-Plate floor³ CaRbBn§½kMralxNнBIrTisEdlmankMras;kMralxNнes μ I nigsßitenABIelIssr edaypÞal;edayK μanFñwm b¤ column capital ¬rUbTI 17>2 a¦. kñúgkrNIenHssrcg;TMluHkMral xNнedaykugRtaMgTajGgát;RTUg. dUcenH CaTUeTAeKRtUvkarbegáInkMras;kMralxNн b¤dak;Edk Biess.
d. Two-way ribbed slabs nig waffle slab system³ kMralxNнRbePTenHekItBIkMralxNнEdl manpleFobbeNþayelITTwgtUcCag 2. CaTUeTAkMras;rbs;kMralxNнsßitenAcenøaH cm5 eTA
cm10 nigRtUv)anRTedayrnUt (rib or joist) TaMgBIrTis. rnUtRtUv)antMerobkñúgTisnImYy²Ca mYyKMlatRbEhlBI cmcm 7550 − EdlbegáItragkaer b¤ctuekaNEkg ¬rUbTI 17>2 c¦. rnUt k¾GacRtUv)antMerobedaymMu o45 b¤ o60 BIGkS½rbs;kMralxNн EdlbegáInesaPNнPaBsßabtü-km μ. sMrab; two-way ribbed slabs RbBn§½epSg²GacRtUv)anTTYlyk³ - RbBn§½rnUtBIrTisCamYynwgRbehagcenøaHrnUtEdlTTYledayeRbIBum<Biess EdlCaTUeTA
manragkaer. rnUtRtUv)anRTedayrtTaMgbYnRCugEdlsßitenABIelIssr. kMralxNнRbePT enHRtUv)aneKeGayeQ μaHfa two-way ribbed (joist) slab system .
- RbBn§½rnUtBIrTisCamYyeRKOgbMeBj (filler) enAcenøaHrnUtEdleFVIeGayBidanerobesμ I. eKOgbMeBj (filler) CagRbehag nigeFVIBIebtugTMgn;Rsal b¤TMgn;Fmμta b¤BIsMPar³TMgn; RsalepSgeTot. rnUtRtUv)anRTedayrtenARCugTaMgbYnEdlRtUv)anRTbnþedayssr.
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 441
kMralxNнRbePTenHk¾RtUv)aneKeGayeQ μaHfa two-way ribbed slab system b¤ hollow-
block two-way ribbed system . - RbBn§½rnUtBIrTisCamYyRbehagcenøaHrnUt nigK μanrt b¤FñwmRTrnUt. vaQrenAelIssreday
pÞal;CamYynwgbnÞHebtugtan;. kMralxNнRbePTenHRtUv)anehAfa waffle slab.
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 442
3> kareRCIserIsRbBn§½kMralxNнebtugEdlmanlkçN³esdækic© Economical Choice of Concrete Floor Systems
RbBn§½kMralxNнCaeRcInRbePTRtUv)aneRbIsMrab;GKarTUeTA dUcCa eKhdæan kariyal½y nigGKar rdæ)alepSg². kareRCIserIsRbBn§½kMralxNнEdlmanlkçN³kMralxNн nigRKb;RKan;GaRs½yelIRbePT GKar/ rUbragsßabtükmμ/ esaPNн nigRbEvgElVgEdlenAcenøaHssr. CaTUeTA bnÞúkGefrenAelIGKar ERbRbYlcenøaHBI 22 /2.7/8.3 mkNmkN − . karENnaMTUeTAsMrab;kareRbIR)as;RbBn§½kMralxNнEdl manlkçN³esdækic©RtUv)ansegçbdUcxageRkam³
- Flat plate ³ saksmbMputsMrab;ElVgEdlmanRbEvgcenøaHBI mm 5.76 − nigbnÞúkGefrERb RbYlBI 22 /8.4/9.2 mkNmkN − . GtßRbeyaCn_énkarTTYlyk flat plate rYmmankarcM NayelIBum<Gs;éføefak TTYl)anBidanrabes μI nigkarsagsg;qab;. Flat plate manlT§PaB Tb;kMlaMgkat;TTWgTab nigPaBrwgRkajtUc EdleFIVeGaymanPaBdabFM;. Flat plate RtUv)an eRbIy:agTUlMTUlayenAkñúgGKarCakMralxNнBRgwgedayEdk b¤k¾ebtugeRbkugRtaMg.
- Flat slab ³ saksmbMputsMrab;ElVgEdlmanRbEvgBI mm 96 − nigsMrab;bnÞúkGefrERbRbYlBI 22 /2.7/8.3 mkNmkN − . vaRtUvkarBum<eRcInCag flat plate CaBiesssMrab; column capital.
kñúgkrNICaeRcIn eKeRbIEt drop panel edayK μan column capital . - Waffle slab ³ saksmsMrab;ElVgEdlmanRbEvgBI mm 5.149 − nigsMrab;bnÞúkGefrERbRbYl
BI 22 /2.7/8.3 mkNmkN − . vaRTbnÞúk)aneRcInCag flat plate nigmanBidanKYreGayTak; TajEtBum<mantMéléfø.
- kMralxNнelIFñwm (slab on beam)³ salsmbMputsMrab;ElVgcenøaH mm 96 − nigbnÞúkGefrBI 22 /7.5/9.2 mkNmkN − . FñwmbegáInPaBrwgRkajrbs;kMralxNнEdleFVIeGaymanPaBdab
tUc. eKRtUvkarBum<bEnßmsMrab;Fñwm. - kMralxNнmYyTisenAelIFñwm (one-way slab on beam)³saksmbMputsMrab;ElVgEdlmanRb
EvgBI mm 63 − nigbnÞúkGefrcenøaHBI 22 /8.4/9.2 mkNmkN − . vaGacRtUv)aneRbIsMrab; ElVgFMCagenHCamYynwgtMéléføCag elIsBIenHeKnwgTTYl)anPaBdabFM. eKRtUvkarBum<bEnßm sMrab;Fñwm.
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 443
- One-way joist floor system³ saksmbMputsMrab;ElVgEdlmanRbEvgBI mm 96 − nigman bnÞúkGefrcenøaH 22 /7.5/8.3 mkNmkN − . edaysarEtrnUteRCA brimaNebtug nigEdkKWtic EtkarcMNayelIBum<Gs;eRcIn. Bidanrbs;kMralxNнGacnwgemIleTAKYreGayTak;Taj.
4> eKalKMnitkñúgkarKNna Design Concept
karviPaKd¾suRkitsMrab;kMlaMg nigbMlas;TIenAkñúgkMralxNнBIrTisKWs μ úKsμaj edaysarEtPaB minkMNt;x<s;. vaBitCasμ úKsμajebIeTaHbICa\T§iBl creep nig nonlinear behavior rbs;ebtugRtUv)an ecalk¾eday. viFI numerical method dUcCa finite element k¾GacRtUv)aneRbI b:uEnþviFId¾samBaØdUcEdl GVI)anbgðajeday ACI Code saksmbMputsMrab;karKNnasMrab;karGnuvtþn_. ACI Code, Chapter
13 sn μt;fakMralxNнeFVIkarCaFñwmTUlay Etrak;begáItCaeRKagrwg (rigid frame) CamYynwgssrEdlenA BIeRkam nigBIelIva. karsn μt;énkarEckeRKagCaeRKagsmmUlRtUv)anepÞógpÞat;eLIgvijedaykarsikSa RsavRCavCalkçN³viPaK nigBiesaFn_ (analytical and experimental research). va)anbgðajfa lT§-PaBRTbnÞúkcugeRkay (ultimate load capacity) énkMralxNнBIrTisCamYynwgkarTb;tamRCug ¬restrained boundary) KWes μ I RbEhlBIdgénlT§PaBRTbnÞúkcugeRkayEdlKNnaedaykarviPaKtam RTwsþI edaysarkarEbgEckm:U- m:g;eLIgvijd¾FMEdlekIteLIgenAkñúgkMralxNнmunnwg)ak;. enAeBlbnÞúk FM bMlas;TI nigPaBdabFMRtUv)anrMBwgTuk dUcenHeKRtUvkarkMras;kMralxNнGb,brmaedIm,IrkSaPaBdab niglkçxNÐeRbHRKb;RKan; eRkambnÞúkeFVIkar. ACI Code kMNt;viFIsaRsþBIrsMrab;KNnakMralxNнBIrTis³
- viFIKNnaedaypÞal; (direct design method DDM, ACI Code, Section 13.6) CaviFIRbhak; RbEhl (approximate procedure) sMrab;karviPaK nigkarKNnakMralxNнBIrTis. RtUv)ankM Nt;sMrab;RbBn§½kMralxNнEdlrgnUvbnÞúkBRgayes μ I nigssrmanKMlatesμIKña b¤esÞIres μIKña. viFI enHeRbInUvsMnuMemKuNedIm,IkMNt;m:Um:g;KNnaenARtg;muxkat;eRKaHfñak;. RbBn§½kMralxNнEdlmin RtUvKñanwgkarkMNt;rbs; ACI Code, Section 13.6.1 RtUv)anviPaKedayviFIsaRsþKNnaEdl manlkçN³suRkitCag.
- viFIeRKagsmmUl (equivalent frame method EFM, ACI Code, Section 13.7) CaviFImYy EdlGKarbITMhM (3D) RtUv)anEckecjCaesrIéneRKagsmmUlBIrTMhM (2D) edaykat;GKar
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 444
tamExSrcenøaHssr. lT§plrbs;eRKagRtUv)anBicarNadac;edayELkBIKñatamTisbeNþay nigTisTTwgrbs;GKar nigRtUv)anKitBImYyCan;eTAmYyCan; dUcEdlbgðajenAkñúgrUbTI 17>4.
viFIsaRsþKNnatam ACI Code BIrKWQrelIelIlT§plénkarviPaKeGLasÞic (elastic analysis) én eRKOgbgÁúMTaMgmUledayeRbIbnÞúkemKuN. viFIEdlEktMrUv (modified approach) viFI direct design
method RtUv)anbgðajenAkñúg commentary én code qñaM 1989 CaviFIPaBrwgRkajEktMrUv (modified
stiffness method MSM). vaQrkarbBa©ÚlemKuNEbgEckd¾kMNt;mYyCaGnuKmn_énpleFobPaB rwgRkaj ecα sMrab;KuNnwgm:Um:g;sþaTicsrubenAkñúgElVgxagcug. viFIenHRtUv)anBnül;enAeBleRkay.
bEnßmBIelI viFIrbs; ACI Code eKenAmanviFIepSg²CaeRcIneTotsMrab;KNna nigviPaKkMralxNн. CalT§pl kMralxNнnwgmanbrimaNEdkticCag b¤eRcInCag. viFIviPaK (analytical method) GacRtUv cat;cMNat;fñak;kñúgRkuménTMnak;TMngeKalrvagbnÞúk nigbMlas;TI CaeGLasÞic/ )aøsÞic nig nonlinear .
- enAkñúgkarviPaKeGLasÞic (elastic analysis) kMralxNнebtugRtUv)anKitCakMraleGLasÞic. karBt;kMlaMgkat;TTwg nigPaBdabRtUv)anKNnaedaysmIkarDIepr:g;EsülTI4 (fourth
differential equation) EdlTak;TgbnÞúkeTAnwgPaBdabsMrab;kMralesþIgCamYynwgbMlas;TItUc dUcEdl)anbgðaj eday Timoshenko. dMeNaHRsay finite difference solution k¾dUcCadM eNaHRsay finite element solution RtUv)anesñIeLIgedIm,IviPaKkMralxNн. enAkñúgviFI finite
element method kMralxNнRtUv)an EbgEckCasMNaj;ragRtIekaN b¤ragkaer (mesh of
triangles or quadrilateral). GnuKmn_bMlas;TIén cMnuc (node) Edlkat;KñaedaycMnucsMNaj; (intersecting mesh point) RtUv)anbegáIteLIgCaTUeTA ehIym:aRTicénPaBrwgRkaj (stiffness
matrices) RtUv)anbegáItsMrab;karviPaKedaykMuBüÚTr½. - sMrab;karviPaK)aøsÞic eKmanbIviFI. viFI yield line method RtUv)anbegáIteLIgeday Johansen
edIm,IkMNt;sßanPaB (limit state) énkMralxNнedayBicarNafa yield line EdlekItmanenA kñúgkMralxNнCaemkanicénkar)ak; (collapse mechanism). viFIcMerok (strip method) RtUv)an begáIteday Hillerborg. kMralxNнRtUv)anEckecjCacMerok (strip) ehIybnÞúkenAelIkMral xNнRtUv)anEbgEckTisedABIrEkgKña. cMerokRtUv)anviPaKCaFñwmsamBaØ. viFITIbICaviFI optimal
analysis method sMrab;eFVIeGaybrimaNEdlTTYl)anmantMélGb,brmaedayQrelIkarvi PaK)aøsÞic. dMeNaHRsay optimal solution KWs μúKsμajkñúgkarviPaK nigTTYl)ankarBRgay srésEdlmYyd¾sμ úKsμaj.
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 445
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 446
- karviPaK nonlinear analysis KitlkçN³bMlas;TIeRkambnÞúkBiténkMralxNнebtugGarem: enA eBlEdlviFI finite element method KitBicarNaEpñk nonlinear énTMnak;TMngkugRtaMg-bMEr bMrYlrageFob (stress-strain relationship) énGgát;mYy²dac;edayELkBIKña. kñúgkrNIenH dMeNaHRsaykøayCasμ úKsμaj RbsinebITMnak;TMngEdl)anBIkarBiesaFn_edayTTYl)ankar sMrYlminRtUv)ansnμt;eTenaH.
viFIEdl)anerobrab;xagelI RtUv)anbgðajedIm,IENnaMGñksikSanUvviFIepSg²énkarviPaKkMralxNн. kargarBiesaFn_elIkMralxNнminRtUv)anGPivDÄeTkñúgb:unμanqñaMcugeRkayenH b:uEnþkarsikSaCaeRcInRb-EhlCaRtUvkaredIm,IsMrYldMeNIrkarKNnabc©úb,nñCamYysuvtßiPaB karbMerIkargar niglkçN³esdækic¢.
5> cMerokelIssr nigcMerokkNþal Column and Middle Strips
rUbTI 17>5 bgðajkMralxagkñúgénkMralxNнBIrTisEdlRtUv)anRTenAelIssr A / B / C nig D . RbsinebIkMralRTbnÞúkBRgayes μ I kMralxNнnwgdabBIrTis CamYyPaBdabGtibrmarnAtMbn;kNþal O . cMnucx<s;bMputsßitenAelIssr A / B / C nig D dUcenHEpñkénkMralxNнEdlenACMuvijssrnwg manrage)a:g (convex shape). karpøas;bþÚrrUbragrbs;kMralxNнbnþicmþg² ¬BIPaBe)a:genAelIssreTA rkPaBptenAkNþalkMral¦ eFVIeGayExSkaMnImYy²kat;Rtg;cMnucrbt;. muxkat;Rtg; O / E / F / G nig H nwgmanm:Um:g;Bt;viC¢man b:uEnþenAmþúMbrievNssrnwgmanm:Um:g;Bt;GviC¢manGtibrma. edayBicarNacM eroktambeNþay AFB cMeroknwgekagdUcFñwmCab; ¬rUbTI 17>5 b¦ edaymanm:Um:g;GviC¢manenARtg; A nig B nigmanm:Um:g;Bt;viC¢manRtg; F . cMerokenHlatsn§wgenAcenøaHssrBIr A nig B nigCab;enAelI RCugTaMgsgçagénkMral EdlbegáIt)anCacMErokelIssr (column strip). dUcKñasMrab;cMeroktambeNþay EOG nwgmanm:Um:g;Bt;GviC¢manenARtg; E nig G ehIym:Um:g; viC¢manenARtg; O EdlbegáItCacMerokkNþal. cMerokTIbItambeNþay DHC nwgeFVIkarRsedogKñanwgcM erok AFB . dUcenH bnÞHkMralGacnwgRtUv)anEbgEckbIcMerokKW 1enAkNþaltambeNþay EOG Edl eKeGayeQ μaHfacMerokkNþal nigBIreTotsgçagtambeNþay AFB nig DHC EdleKeGayeQ μaHfa cMerokelIssr ¬rUbTI 17>5 a¦. cMeroknImYy²eFVIkarCaFñwmCab;. tamviFIdUcKña bnÞHkMralk¾RtUv)anEbg EckCabIcMroksMrab;TisedAmYyeTotKW cMerokkNþalmYytambeNþay FOH nigcMerokelIssrBIreTot tambeNþay AED nig BGC erogKña ¬rUbTI 17>5 e¦.
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tamry³rUbTI 17>5 a eyIgeXIjfacMerokkNþalRtUv)anRTedaycMerokelIssr EdlbBa¢Ún bnÞúkbnþeTAssr A / B / C nig D enAkñúgbnÞHkMralenH. dUcenHcMerokssrRTbnÞúkeRcInCagcMerok kNþal. dUcenH m:Um:g;Bt;viC¢manenAkñúgcMerokelIssrnImYy² ¬enARtg; E / F / G nig H ¦ mantMél FMCagm:Um:g;Bt;viC¢manenARtg; O EdlsßitenAcMerokkNþal. dUcKña m:Um:g;GviC¢manenAelIssr A / B / C nig D enAkñúgcMerokelIssrmantMélFMCagm:Um:g;GviC¢manenARtg; E / F / G nig H enAkñúgcMerok kNþal. Epñkénm:Um:g;KNnaEdlRtUv)ankMNt;enAmuxkat;eRKaHfñak;nImYy²éncMerokssr nigcMerok kNþalRtUv)anbgðajenAkñúgEpñkTI 8.
TMhMéncMerokelIssr nigcMerokkNþslnImYy²enAkñúgbnÞHkMralRtUv)ankMNt;eday ACI Code,
Section 13.2. cMerokelIssr x EdlRtUv)ankMNt;edayTTwgkMralxNнenAelIRCugnImYy²énGkS½
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karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 448
ssr esμ InwgmYyPaKbYnénTMhMbnÞHkMral ¬ 1l nig 2l ¦ mYyNaEdltUcCageK rYmbBa©ÚlTaMgFñwmRbsinebI man. =1l RbEvgElVg KitBIGkS½eTAGkS½ kñúgTisedAEdlm:Um:g;nwgRtUv)ankMNt; =2l RbEvlElVg KitBIGkS½eTAGkS½ kñúgTisedAEkgnwg 1l EpñkénbnÞHkMralcenøaHcMerokelIssrkMNt;cMerokkNþal.
6> kMras;kMralGb,brmaedIm,IkMritPaBdab Minimum Slab Thickness to Control Deflection
ACI Code, Section 9.5.3 kMNt;kMras;kMralxNнsMrab;kMralxNнBIrTisedIm,IkMritPaBdab. TMhMénPaBdabrbs;kMralxNнGaRs½ynwgGefrCaeRcInEdlrYmbBa©ÚlTaMgPaBrwgRkajTb;karBt; (flexural stiffness) rbs;kMralxNнEdlbBa©ÚlCaGnuKmn_énkMras;kMralxNн h . enAeBlbegáInkMras; kMralxNн enaHPaBrwgRkajTb;karBt;rbs;kMralxNнk¾ekIneLIg ehIyPaBdabrbs;kMralxNнnwgRtUv kat;bnßy. edaysarkarKNnaPaBdabsMrab;kMralxNнBIrTismanPaBs μ úKsμaj nigedIm,IeCosvagPaB dabFM ACI Code kMNt;kMras;kMralxNнTaMgenHedayTTYlykkarkMNt;Edl)anBIkarBiesaFn_bI. Rb sinebIkarkMNt;rbs;eyIgminsßitenAkñúgEdnkMNt;TaMgbIenHeT eKcaM)ac;RtUvKNnaPaBdab.
a. sMrab; 22.0 ≤≤ fmα /
)2.0(5361400
8.0
−+
⎟⎟⎠
⎞⎜⎜⎝
⎛+
=fm
yn
fl
hαβ
¬!&>!¦
b:uEnþminRtUvtUcCag mm125 b. sMrab; 2>fmα
β9361400
8.0
+
⎟⎟⎠
⎞⎜⎜⎝
⎛+
=
yn
fl
h ¬!&>@¦
b:uEnþminRtUvtUcCag mm90 c. sMrab; 2.0<fmα
=h kMras;kMralxNнGb,brmaedayK μanFñwmxagkñúg ¬tarag 17>1¦ ¬!&>#¦ Edl =nl clear span sMrab;TisEvgEdlvas;BIépÞQmKñarbs;ssr =β pleFobén clear span EvgelI clear span xøI
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 449
=fmα tMélmFümén fα sMrab;RKb;FñwménRCugTaMgGs;rbs;bnÞHkMral =fα CapleFobénPaBrwgRkajTb;karBt;énmuxkat;Fñwm bcb IE lIPaBrwgRkajTb;
karBt;énkMralxNн scs IE EdlBT§½CMuvijedayGkS½bnÞHkMralenABIelIFñwmRCug nImYy².
scs
bcbf IE
IE=α ¬!&>$¦
Edl cbE nig csE Cam:UDuleGLasÞicrbs;ebtugenAkñúgFñwm nigkMralxNн erogKña. =bI m:Um:g;niclPaBTaMgmUlénmuxkat;FñwmeFobGkS½TIRbCMuTMgn; ¬muxkat;FñwmrYmTaMg
beNþaykMralxNнenAelIRCugTaMgsgçagrbs;FñwmEdlesμ InwgkMBs;FñwmBIelI b¤BI eRkamkMralxNн ykmYyNaEdlFMCageK b:uEnþminRtUvFMCagbYndgkMras;kMral xNн¦.
=sI m:Um:g;niclPaBénmuxkat;kMralxNнTaMgmUl. b:uEnþ kMras;kMralxNнminKYrtUcCagtMélxageRkam³ - sMrab;kMralxNнEdlman 0.2<fmα ³ mm125 - sMrab;kMralxNнEdlman 2>fmα ³ mm90 tarag 17>1 kMras;kMralxNнGb,brmaedayK μanFñwmxagkñúg
edayK μan Drop Panel** man Drop Panel*** bnÞHkMralxageRkA bnÞHkMralxageRkA Yield
Stress yf * K μanFñwmxag manFñwmxag
bnÞHkMralxagkñúgK μanFñwmxag manFñwmxag
bnÞHkMralxagkñúg
280 33nl
36nl
36nl
36nl
40nl
40nl
420 30nl
33nl
33nl
33nl
36nl
36nl
* sMrab;EdkEdlman Yield Stress cenøaH 280 nig 420 kMras;Gb,brmaTTYl)anBI linear interpolation. ** Drop panel RtUv)ankMNt;enAkñúg ACI Sections 13.3.7.7 nig 13.3.7.2 *** kMralxNнEdlmanFñwmcenøaHssrtambeNþayxagkñúg. tMélén fα sMrab;FñwmminKYrmantMéltUcCag 8.0 .
RbsinebIFñwmminRtUv)aneRbI dUckñúgkrNI flat plate enaH 0=fα nig 0=fmα . smIkar ACI
Code sMrab;KNnakMras;kMralxNн h )anKit\T§iBlrbs;RbEvgElVg/ TMrg;bnÞHkMral/ yield stress rbs;
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 450
Edk yf nigPaBrwgRkajTb;karBt;rbs;Fñwm. enAeBlFñwmEdlmanlkçN³rwgxøaMgRtUv)aneRbI smIkar !&>! Gacpþl;nUvkMras;kMralxNнtUc ehIysmIkar !&>@ Gaclub. sMrab; flat plate nig flat slab enAeBl EdlFñwmxagkñúgminRtUv)aneRbI kMras;kMralxNнGb,brmaGacRtUv)ankMNt;edaypÞal;BItarag 9>5 c én ACI Code EdlRtUv)anbgðajenATIenHKWtarag 17>1. karkMNt;rbs; ACI Code epSgeTotRtUv)ansegçbdUcxageRkam³
- sMrab;bnÞHkMralEdlmanxagminCab;; FñwmxagcugEdlman 8.0=α RtUv)aneRbI ebImindUcenHeT kMras;kMralxNнGb,brmaRtUv)anKNnatamsmIkar !&>! nig !&>@ RtUv)anbegáIn %10 y:ag tic ¬ ACI Code, Section 9.5.3 ¦.
- enAeBl drop panel RtUv)aneRbIedayK μanFñwm kMras;kMralxNнGb,brmaKYrRtUv)anbnßyeday %10 . drop panel KYrRtUv)anlatsn§wgRKb;TisBIGkS½rbs;TMredaycMgayminticCagRbEvg
ElVgelI 6 RKb;TiscenøaHGkS½eTAGkS½énTMr nigTMlak;cuHeRkamkMralxNнy:agtic 4/h . kar bnßyenH)anrYmbBa©ÚleTAkñúgtaragTI 17>1.
- edayminKittMélEdlTTYl)anBIsmIkar !&>! nig !&>@ kMras;kMralxNнBIrTisminRtUvtUcCagkrNIdUcteTA³ ¬!¦ mm125 sMrab;kMralxNнEdlKμanFñwm b¤ drop panel. ¬@¦ mm100 sMrab;kMralxNнK μanFñwmEtman drop panel. ¬#¦ mm90 sMrab; kMralxNнmanFñwmenAelIRCUgTaMgbYnCamYynwg 2≥fmα nig mm125 sMrab; 2≤fmα ¬ ACI
Code, Section 9.5.3¦. CMhanxageRkamsegçbBIkarKNnaTaMgenH³
!> sMrab;kMralxNнEdlK μanFwñmxagkñúg ¬ flat plate nig flat slab¦ a. KNnakMras;kMralxNнedaypÞal;BItarag 17>1. b:uEnþsmIkar !&>! nig !&>@ k¾GacRtUv)aneRbI
ehIyCaTUeTA smIkar !&>! lub. kMras;kMralxNнGb,brmaKYrFMCag b¤esμ Inwg mm125 sMrab;kMralxNнEdlK μan drop panel nigFMCagb¤esμI mm100 sMrab;kMralxNнEdlman drop
panel. b. enAxagEdlminCab; FñwmxagEdlman 8.0≥fα KYrRtUv)aneRbI. ebImindUecñaHeT kMras;kMral
xNнGb,brmaRtUv)anKNnaedaysmIkar !&>! nig !&>@ KYrRtUv)anbegáIneday %10 . kar begáIn %10 RtUv)anbBa©ÚleTAkñúgCYrQrTI 2 kñúgtaragTI 17>1 rYcehIy.
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 451
c. RbsinebI drop panel RtUv)aneRbIenAkñúg flat slab kMras;kMralxNнGb,brmaRtUv)anbnßyeday %10 enAkñúgkrNIEdl drop panel latsn§wgenARKb;TisBIGkS½énTMrCamYycMgaymintUcCag 6/1 RbEvgElVg nigTMlak;eRkamkMralxNнy:agtic 4/h . karbnßyenH)anbBa¢ÚleTAkñúgem
KuNéntarag 17>1. @> sMrab;kMralxNнEdlmanFñwmenARKb;RCug ¬ 0>fmα ¦
a. KNna fmα nigbnÞab;mkKNnakMras;kMralxNнGb,brmaBIsmIkar !&>! nig !&>@. kñúgkrNI CaeRcInsmIkar !&>@ lub.
b. kMras;kMralxNнKYrFMCag b¤esμ Inwg mm125 sMrab;kMralxNнEdlman 0.2<fmα nigKYrFMCag b¤es μ Inwg mm90 sMrab;kMralxNнEdlman 0.2≥fmα .
#> sMrab;RKb;kMralxNн³ kMrs;kMralxNнEdltUcCagkMras;Gb,brmaEdleGayenAkñúgCMhan !> nig @> GacRtUv)aneRbI RbsinkarKNnabgðajfaPaBdabminFMCagkarkMNt;rbs; ACI Code, Table 9.5
b EdlBnül;enAkñúgemeronTI 6. ]TahrN_17>1³ RbBn§½kMral flat plate EdlmanTMhM m65.7 × RtUv)anRTenAelIssrkaer mm500 . edayeRbIsmIkar ACI Code kMNt;kMras;kMralxNнGb,brmacaM)ac;sMrab;bnÞHkMralxagkñúg nigbnÞHkM ralkac;RCug dUcbgðajenAkñúgrUbTI 17>6. FñwmxagminRtUv)aneRbI. eKeGay MPaf c 28' = nig
MPaf y 420= . dMeNaHRsay³
1> sMrab;bnÞHkMralxNнkac;RCugelx ! kMras;Gb,brmaKW 30
nl ¬ MPaf y 420= nigK μanFñwmxagRtUv)aneRbI ¬emIltarag 17>1¦.
mmln 700050075001 =−= mmh 233
307000
min == yk mm250 müa:gvijeTot smIkar !&>! nig !&>@ GacRtUv)aneRbIedIm,IKNnakMras;Gb,brmaCamYy
0== fmf αα . 2> sMrab;bnÞHkMralxagkñúgelx #> CamYy MPaf y 420= kMras;kMralxNнGb,brmaKW
mml
h n 21233min == yk mm220
müa:gvijeTot smIkar !&>! nig !&>@ GacRtUv)aneRbI.
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 452
RbsinebIRKb;bnÞHkMralxNнTaMgGs;eRbIkMras;dUcKña enaHeKGacyk mmh 250min = .
]TahrN_17>2³ RbBn§½kMralxNнdUcbgðajenAkñúgrUbTI 17>7 EdlpSMeLIgedaykMraltan; nigFñwmenA elITaMgBIrTisEdlRTedayssrkaerEdlmanRCug mm500 . edayeRbIsmIkar ACI Code kMNt;kMras; kMralxNнGb,brmacaM)ac;sMrab;bnÞHkMralxagkñúg. eKeGay MPaf c 21' = nig MPaf y 420= . dMeNaHRsay³
1> edIm,IeRbIsmIkar !&>! fmα RtUv)anKNnamun. dUcenH eKcaM)ac;kMNt; bI / sI nig fα sMrab; Fñwm nigkMralxNнtamTisEvg nigTisxøI.
2> m:Um:g;niclPaBrbs;FñwmTaMgmUl bI RtUv)anKNnasMrab;muxkat;dUcbgðajenAkñúgrUbTI 17>7 b EdlRtUv)anbegáIteLIgedayFñwm nigEpñksgçagxøHrbs;kMralxNн yx = b:uEnþminRtUvFMCag 4 bYndgkMras;kMralxNн. sn μt; cmh 18= ehIyvaRtUv)anepÞógpÞat;enAeBleRkay enaH
cmcmyx 72418381856 =×<=−== . dUcenH cmbe 11623840 =×+= nigmuxkat;
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 453
GkSr T RtUv)anbgðajenAkñúgrUbTI 17>7 c . kMNt;TIRbCMuTMgn;rbs;muxkat;edayKitm:Um:g;eFob kMBUlrbs;søab³ RkLaépÞsøab 2208811618 cm=×= RkLaépÞRTnug 215203840 cm=×= RkLaépÞsrub 23608cm
y360837152092088 =×+× cmy 8.20= ( ) ( ) ( ) 42323 6.9289248.219152038
12408.11208818
12116 cmIb =⎥⎦
⎤⎢⎣⎡ −++⎥⎦
⎤⎢⎣⎡ +=
3> m:Um:g;niclPaBénkMralxNнtamTisedAEvgKW
12
3bhIl = Edl cmb 600= nig cmh 18= 43 29160018
12600 cmIl ==
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 454
flα ¬tamTisedAEvg¦ 19.3291600
6.928924===
s
bEIEI
4> m:Um:g;niclPaBénkMralxNнtamTisedAxøIKW 43 36936018
12760 cmI s ==
fsα ¬tamTisedAxøI¦ 51.2369360
6.928924===
s
bEIEI
5> fmα CatMélmFümén fsα nig flα 85.2
251.219.3
=+
=fmα 6> 29.1
5.065.06.7=
−−
=β 7> kMNt; minh edayeRbIsmIkar !&>@ ¬ mln 1.7= ¦³
( ) mh 148.02.082.229.1536
14004208.01.7
min =−×+
⎟⎠⎞
⎜⎝⎛ +
=
b:uEnþ tMélenHminRtUvtUcCag h EdleGayedaysmIkar !&>@ ¬ 0.2>fmα ¦ mh 164.0
29.193681.7
=×+
= müa:geTot cmh 90min = . dUcenH cmh 4.16= lub. eKGacTTYlykkMras;kMralxNнEdl)ansn μt; cmh 18= . cMNaMfa enAkñúgkrNIGnuvtþn_CaeRcIn smIkar !&>@ manlkçN³lub.
7> ersIusþg;kMlaMgkat;TTwgrbs;kMralxNн Shear Strength of Slabs
sMrab;RbBn§½kMralxNнBIrTis bnÞHkMralRtUvEtmankMras;RKb;RKan;edIm,ITb;nwgm:Um:g;Bt;TaMgBIr nigkMlaMgkat;TTwgenARtg;muxkat;eRKaHfñak;. edIm,IGegátlT§PaBTb;kMlaMgkat;TTwgénkMralxNнBIrTis krNIxageRkamRtUv)anBicarNa.
7>1> kMralxNнBIrTisEdlRTedayFñwm Two-Way Slabs Supported on Beams muxkat;eRKaHfñak;rbs;kMralxNнBIrTisEdlRTedayFñwmKWsßitenAcMgay d BIépÞénFñwmTMr ehIy lT§PaBTb;kMlaMgkat;TTwgénmuxkat;nImYy²KW 6/' bdfV cc φφ = . enAeBlEdlFñwmmanlkçN³rwg nigGacbBa¢ÚnbnÞúkkMraleTAssr vaRtUv)ansnμt;eGayRTbnÞúkEdleFVIGMeBImkelIépÞkMralxNнEdlBT§½
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 455
edaybnÞat; o45 EdlKUsecjBIRCugEkg dUcbgðajenAkñúgrUbTI 17>8. bnÞúkenAelIépÞctuekaNBñaynwg RtUv)anRTedayFñwmEvg AB nig CD b:uEnþbnÞúkenAelIépÞRtIekaNnwgRtUv)anRTedayFñwmxøI AC nig BD .
kMlaMgkat;TTwgkñúgmYyÉktþaTTwgrbs;kMralmantMélx<s;bMputenAcenøaH E nig F tamTis
TaMgBIr ehIy )2/( 2lwV uu = Edl uw CabnÞúkemKuNBRgayes μ IkñúgmYyÉktþaépÞ. RbsinebIEdkTb;kMlaMgkat;TTwgminRtUv)andak; kMlaMgkat;TTwgenAcMgay d BIépÞénFñwm
udV RtUvEtesμ Inwg
6' bdf
VV ccud
φφ ≤≤
Edl ⎟⎠⎞
⎜⎝⎛ −= dlwV uud 2
2
7>2> kMralxNнBIrTisEdlK μanFñwm Two-Way Slabs Without Beams Flat plate nig flat slab K μanFñwmeT dUcenHkMralxNнRtUv)anRTedayssredaypÞal;. sMrab;kM
ralxNнEbbenHkugRtaMgkMlaMgkat;TTwgBIrRtUv)aneFVIkarGegát TImYyKWkMlaMgkat;TTwgmYyTis b¤kMlaMg kat;TTwgFñwm (one-way shear or beam shear). muxkat;eRKaHfñak;RtUv)anykenAcMgay d BIépÞén ssr ehIykMralxNнRtUv)anBicarNadUcFñwmEdlmanTTwgFMsßitenAcenøaHTMr dUckñúgkrNIFñwmmYyTis
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 456
(one-way beam). lT§PaBTb;kMlaMgkat;TTwgénmuxkat;ebtugKW 6/' bdfV cc φφ = . RbePTTIBIrén kMlaMgkat;TTwgEdlRtUvsikSaKWkMlaMgkat;TTwgBIrTis b¤kMlaMgkat;pug (two-way shear or punching
shear) dUcEdl)anerobrab;enAkñúgkarKNnaeCIgtag. Kar)ak;edaykMlaMgkat;ekItmantambeNþaykM Nat;ekaN b¤kMNat;BIra:mIt (truncated cone or pyramid) CMuvijssr. muxkat;eRKaHfñak;sßitenAcM gay 2/d BIépÞssr/ column capital/ b¤ drop panel ¬rUbTI 17>9 a¦. RbsinebIEdkkMlaMgkat;TTwg minRtUv)andak; ersIusþg;kMlaMgkat;TTwgrbs;ebtugKWtMélEdltUcCageKkñúgcMeNamsmIkar !&>% nig !&>^³
3'
'31
61 dbf
dbfV ococc
φβ
φ ≤⎟⎟⎠
⎞⎜⎜⎝
⎛+= ¬!&>%¦
Edl =ob brimaRténmuxkat;eRKaHfñak; =β pleFobénRCugEvgrbs;ssrelIRCugxøI ¬b¤RkLaépÞbnÞúk¦ dbf
bd
V oco
sc '2
12 ⎟⎟⎠
⎞⎜⎜⎝
⎛+=
αφφ ¬!&>^¦
Edl sα esμ I 40 sMrab;ssrxagkñúg/ esμI 30 sMrab;;ssrxag nigesμ I 20 sMrab;ssrkac;RCug. enAeBlEdlEdkkMlaMgkat;TTwgRtUv)andak; ersIusþg;kMlaMgkat;TTwgminKYrelIs dbfV occ '
2φφ ≤ ¬!&>&¦
7>3> EdkkMlaMgkat;TTWgenAkñúgkMralxNнBIrTisEdlK μanFñwm Shear Reinforcement in
Two-Way Slabs Without Beams enAkñúgRbBn§½kMralxNн flat plate nig flat slab kMras;kMralxNнEdl)aneRCIserIsGacnwgmin
RKb;RKan;edIm,ITb;nwgkugRtaMgkMlaMgkat;TTwgEdlGnuvtþeT. kñúgkrNIenH eKGacbegáInkMras;kMralxNн b¤dak;EdkTb;kMlaMgkat;TTwg. ACI Code GnuBaØatkareRbIEdkTb;kMlaMgkat;TTwgCa shearhead nig anchored bar b¤ wire.
Shearhead pSMeLIgedayEdkragGkSr I b¤GkSr C EdlpSarExVgCabYn nigRtUv)andak;enAkñúgkM ralxNнBIelIssr ¬rUbTI 17>9 c, d ¦. karKNna Shearhead minGnuvtþsMrab;ssrxageRkA Edlm:U m:g;Bt; nigm:Um:g;rmYlmantMélFMEdlRtUv)anbMElgcenøaHkMralxNн nigssr. ACI Code, Section
11.12.4 bgðajfaenARtg;muxkat;eRKaHfñak; ersIusþg;kMlaMgkat; nominal nV minKYelIs 3/' dbf oc b:uEnþRbsin ebIEdk shearhead RtUv)andak; nV minKYrelIs 12/'7 dbf oc . edIm,IkMNt;TMhMrbs; shearhead, ACI Code, Section 11.12.4 pþl;nUvkarkMNt;dUcteTA³
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 457
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 458
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 459
!> pleFob vα rvagPaBrwgRkaj IEs rbs;éd shearhead nigPaBrwgRkajénmuxkat;EdleRbH smasEdlmanTTWg dc +2 minRtUvtUcCag 15.0 .
@> søabrgkarsgát;énEdkragminRtUvmanTItaMgenAmþúM d13.0 énépÞrgkarsgát;rbs;kMralxNн. #> kMBs;rbs;EdkragminRtUvFMCag 70 énkMras;RTnug. $> lT§PaBTb;m:Um:g;)aøsÞic PM énédnImYy²rbs; shearhead RtUv)anKNnaeday
⎥⎦
⎤⎢⎣
⎡⎟⎠⎞
⎜⎝⎛ ++=
221c
lhn
VM vvv
uP αφ ¬ACI Code, Eq. 11.37 ¦ ¬!&>*¦
Edl 9.0=φ =uV kMlaMgkat;TTwgemKuNCMuvijbrievNénépÞssr n = cMnYnéd =vh kMBs;rbs; shearhead =vl RbEvg shearhead Edlvas;BIGkS½ssr
%> muxkat;kMralxNнeRKaHfñak;sMrab;kMlaMgkat;TTWgRtUvEtkat;éd shearhead enAcMgayesμ Inwg )2/)(4/3( 1clv − BIépÞssreTcugénédrbs; shearhead dUcbgðajenAkñúgrUbTI 17>9 c.
muxkat;eRKaHfñak;RtUvEtmanbrimaRtGb,brma ob b:uEnþvaminRtUvenACitCag 2/d BIépÞrbs;sse. ^> Shearhead RtUv)anBicarNaeGaycUlrYmkñúgkarEbgEckm:Um:g;eLIgvij
vM eTAcMerokkMralxNнelIssrnImYy²dUcxageRkam³ ⎟
⎠⎞
⎜⎝⎛=
221clV
nM vuvv αφ ¬ACI Code, Eq. 11.38¦ ¬!&>(¦
b:uEnþvaminRtUvtUcCagtMéltUcCageKkñúgcMeNam %30 énm:Um:g;emKuNEdlcaM)ac;enAkñúgcMerok elIssr/ karpøas;bþÚrm:Um:g;cMerokelIssrelIRbEvg vl b¤ pM EdleGayenAkñúgsmIkar !&>*.
kareRbI anchored bent bar b¤ wire k¾RtUv)anGnuBaØateday ACI Code, Section 11.12.3. Edk Edldak;enAxagEpñkxagelIrbs;ssr niglT§PaBékartMerobEdkRtUv)anbgðajenAkñúgrUbTI 17>9 e. enAeBlEdl bar b¤ wire RtUv)aneRbICaEdkTb;kMlaMgkat;TTwg enaHersIusþg;kMlaMgkat;TTWg nominal
KW³
sdfAdbf
VVV yvocscn +=+=
6' ¬!&>!0¦
Edl vA CaRkLaépÞEdkkgsrub nig ob CaRbEvgénmuxkat;eRKaHfñak;énkMlaMgkat;BIrTisenA cMgay 2/d BIépÞssr. ersIusþg;kMlaMgkat; nominal nV minRtUvFMCag 2/' dbf oc .
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 460
kareRbIEdkkMlaMgkat;enAkñúg flat plate kat;bnßykMras;kMralxNн nigenAEtrkSaPaBrabesμ I rbs;BidanedIm,Ikat;bnßyéføBum<. TMrg; stirrup cage sMrab;EdkkMlaMgkat;TTwgRtUv)anbgðajenAkñúgrUbTI 17>9 f . RbePTmü:ageToténEdkkMlaMgkat;pSMeLIgeday studded steel strip ¬rUbTI 17>9 g¦. Steel strip RtUv)andak;CamYy bar chair nigRtUv)anP¢ab;eTAnwgBum< edayCMnYs stirrup gage . ersIusþg; yalrbs;Edk stud RtUv)ankMNt;enAcenøaH MPa280 nig MPa420 edIm,ITTYl)an anchorage eBj eljenAeBlbnÞúkemKuN.
8> karviPaK³nkMralxNнBIrTisedayviFIKNnaedaypÞal; Analysis of Two-Way Slabs by the Direct Design Method
Direct design method CaviFIRbhak;RbEhl (approximate method) RtUv)anbegáIteLIgeday ACI Code edIm,IKNnam:Um:g;KNnaenAkñúgkMralxNнBIrTisEdlRTbnÞúkBRgayes μ I. edIm,IeRbIviFIenH kar kMNt;xøHRtUv)anelIkeLIgeday ACI Code, Section 13.6.1.
8>1> karkMNt; Limitations !> vaRtUvmankMralxNнCab;Kñay:agticbIkñúgTismYy² @> kMralxNнRtUvEtkaer b¤ctuekaNEkg. pleFobElVgEvgelIElVgxøIrbs;kMralminRtUvFMCagBIr #> ElVgEdlenAEk,rkñúgTisnImYy²minRtUvxusKñaedayFMCagmYyPaKbIénElVgEvgCag. $> ssrminRtUvlyecjBIGkS½ssrd¾éTCaeRcIneTotedaytMélGtibrma %10 énRbEvgElVg
enAkñúgTislyecj. %> bnÞúkTaMgGs;RtUvEtBRgayes μ I ehIypleFobénbnÞúkGefrelIbnÞúkefrminRtUvFMCag 2 . ^> RbsinebImanFñwmenARKb;RCug pleFobénPaBrwgRkajEdlTak;TgkñúgTisEkgTaMgBI
212
221 / ll ff αα minRtUvtUcCag 2.0 nigFMCag 0.5 .
8>2> m:Um:g;sþaTicemKuNsrub Total Factored Static Moment RbsinFñwmTMrsamBaØRTbnÞúkBRgayes μ I w ¬ mkN / ¦ enaHm:Um:g;Bt;viC¢manGtibrmaekItmanenA
kNþalElVgniges μ Inwg 8/21wlM o = Edl 1l CaRbEvgElVg. RbsinebIRtUv)anbgáb;cugTaMgsgçag b¤
Cab;CamYynwg m:Um:g;GviC¢manesμ IKñaenAcugTaMgsgçag enaHm:Um:g;srub po MM = ¬m:Um:g;viC¢manenAkNþalElVg¦ nM+ ¬m:Um:g;GviC¢manenAelITMr¦ 8/2
1wl= ¬rUbTI 17>10¦.
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 461
\LÚvRbsinebIFñwm AB RTbnÞúk W BIkMralxNнEdlmanTTwg 2l Ekgnwg 1l enaH 2lwW u= ehIy m:Um:g;srubKW ( ) 8/2
12 lwlM o = Edl =uw GaMgtg;sIuetbnÞúkKitCa 2/ mkN . kñúgsmIkarenH m:Um:g;BitR)akdEdlekItmanenAeBl 1l esμ Inwg clear span cenøaHTMr A nig B . RbsinebI clear span RtUv)ankMNt;eday nl enaH
( )8
2
2n
uol
lwM = (ACI Code, Eq. 13.3)
Clear span nl RtUv)anvas;BIépÞeTAépÞTMrkñúgTisedAEdlm:Um:g;RtUv)anBicarNa b:uEnþminRtUvticCag 65.0 dgRbEvgElVgBIGkS½eTAGkS½TMr. épÞénTMrEdlmanm:Um:g;GviC¢manKYrRtUv)anKNna RtUv)anbgðaj
enAkñúgrUbTI 17>11. RbEvg 2l RtUv)anvas;kñúgTisedAEkgnwg nl ehIyesμ ITisedAcenøaHGkS½eTAGkS½ rbs;TMr ¬TTwgkMralxNн¦. m:Um:g;srub oM EdlKNnakñúgTisedAEvgRtUv)anKitCa olM nigkñúgTisedA xøIRtuv)anKitCa osM .
enAeBlm:Um:gsrub oM RtUv)anKNnakñúgTisedAmYy vaRtUvEbgEckCam:Um:g;viC¢man pM nigm:U m:g;GviC¢man nM GBa¢wgehIyeTIb npo MMM += ¬rUbTI 17>10¦. enaHm:Um:g;nImYy² pM nig
nM RtUv)anEbgEckqøgkat;TTwgkMralxNнcenøaHcMerokssr nigcMerokkNþal dUcEdl)anBnül;y:agxøI. 8>3> karEbgEckm:Um:g;tambeNþaykñúgkMralxNн Longitudinal Distribution of
Moment in Slabs enAkñúgkMralxagkñúg m:Um:g;sþaTicsrub oM RtUv)anEbgEckenAkñúgm:Um:g;BIr m:Um:g;viC¢man pM enA
kNþalElVgesμ Inwg oM35.0 nigm:Um:g;GviC¢man nM enATMrnImYy²esμ Inwg oM65.0 dUcbgðajenAkñúgrUbTI 17>12. tMélm:Um:g;TaMgenHQrelIkarsn μt;fakMralxagkñúgCab;kñúgTisTaMgBIr ehIymanRbEvgElVg
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 462
nigbnÞúkRbhak;RbEhles μIKña dUcenHtMNxagkñúgKμanmMurgVilFMeT. elIsBIenHeTot m:Um:g;mantMél RbEhlnwgm:Um:g;rbs;Fñwmbgáb;cugTaMgBIrEdlrgbnÞúkBRgayesμ I Edlm:Um:g;GviC¢manenAelITMresμ IBIrdg m:Um:g;GviC¢manenAkNþalElVg. enAkñúgrUbTI 17>12 RbsinebI 21 ll > / enaHkarEbgEckm:Um:g;enAkñúg TisedAEvg nigTisedAxøIKW³
( )
8
21
2n
uoll
lwM = olpl MM 35.0= oln MM 65.01 =
( )8
22
1n
uosl
lwM = osps MM 35.0= osns MM 65.0=
RbsinebITMhMénm:Um:g;GviC¢manenAelITMrxagkñúgmantMélxusKñaedaysarRbEvgElVgminesμ IKña ACI Code kMNt;eGayeRbIm:Um:g;EdlFMCagsMrab;KNnasrésEdk.
enAkñúgbnÞHkMralxageRkA bnÞúkkMralxNнEdlGnuvtþelIssrxageRkA)anmkEtBIRCugmçag bNþaleGayekItmanm:Um:g;mines μ I (unbalanced moment) nigmMurgVilenAtMNxageRkA. dUcenH m:Um:g; viC¢manenAkNþalElVg nigm:Um:g;GviC¢manenAelITMrxagkñúgTImYynwgekIneLIg.TMhMénmMurgViléntMNxag eRkAkMNt;nUvkarelIneLIgnUvm:Um:g;kNþalElVg nigm:Um:g;enAelITMrxagkñúg. ]TahrN_ RbsinebIRCugxag
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 463
eRkACaTmrsamBaØ dUckñúgkrNIkMralxNнenAelICBa¢aMg ¬rUbTI 17>13¦ m:Um:g;kMralenARtg;épÞCBa¢aMgesμ I 0 m:Um:g;viC¢manenAkNþalElVgGacykesμ Inwg op MM 63.0= nigm:Um:g;GviC¢manenATMrxagkñúgKW
os MM 75.0= . tMélTaMgenHbMeBjlkçxNÐsmIkarsþaTic ( )oonpo MMMMM 75.063.0 2
121 +=+=
sMrab;RbBn§½kMral-ssr (slab-column floor system) tMNxageRkAmankarTb; (restraint) xøH
Edlpþl;edayPaBrwgRkaJTb;karBt;énkMralxNн nigedayPaBrwgRkajTb;karBt;énssrxageRkA. eyagtam ACI Code, Section 13.6.3 m:Um:g;sþaTicsrub oM enAkñúgElVgcugRtUv)anEbgEckeday
pleFobepSgKñaedayeyagtamtarag 17>2 nigrUbTI 17>14. emKuNm:Um:g;enAkñúgCYrQrTI 1 sMrab; RCugEdlminmankarTb;KWQrelIkarsn μt;fa pleFobénPaBrwgRkajTb;karBt;rbs;ssrelIPaBrwg RkajTb;karBt;smasrvagkMralxNн nigFñwmenARtg;tMN ecα KWes μIsUnü. emKuNénCYrQrTI 2 KWQr
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 464
elIkarsn μt;fapleFob ecα esμ InwgGnnþ. emKuNm:Um:g;enAkñúgCYrQrTI 3/ TI4 nigTI5 RtUv)anbegáIt eLIgedaykarviPaKRbBn§½kMralCamYynwglkçxNÐragFrNImaRt niglkçxNÐTMrepSgKña.
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 465
taragTI 17>2 karEbgEckm:Um:g;enAkñúgbnÞHkMralxagcug
RCugxageRkA kMralxNнEdlKμan
FñwmenAcenøaHTMrxagkñúg minRtUv
)anTb; ¬!¦
Tb;eBj ¬@¦
kMralxNн EdlmanFñwmenAcenøaHRKb;
TMr ¬#¦
manFñwm xageRkA
¬$¦
K μanFñwm xageRkA
¬%¦ m:Um:g;emKuNGviC¢manxageRkA 0 65.0 16.0 30.0 26.0
m:Um:g;emKuNviC¢man 63.0 35.0 57.0 50.0 52.0 m:Um:g;emKuNGviC¢manxageRkA 75.0 65.0 70.0 70.0 70.0
8>4> karEbgEckm:Um:g;tamTTwgkñúgkMralxNн Transverse Distribution of Moment
in Slabs m:Um:g;tambeNþayEdl)anBnül;xagelIKWsMrab;TTwgTaMgmUlrbs;eRKagGKarsmmUl.
TTwgeRKag enHCaplbUkénTTwgcMerokelIssrBIr CamYynwgTTwgcMerokkNþalBIrénbnÞHkMralBIrEk,rKña dUcbgðaj enAkñúgrUbTI 17>15. karEbgEcktamTTwgénm:Um:g;tambeNþayeTAcMerokkNþal nigcMerokelIssrKW CaGnuKmn_énpleFob 12 / ll
stiffness slabstiffness beam
==scs
bcbf IE
IEα ¬!&>!@¦
lengthspan beam toequal width of slab a ofrigidity flexuralsection beam edge ofrigidity torsional
2==
scs
cbt IE
CEβ
¬!&>!#¦ Edl ∑ ⎟
⎟⎠
⎞⎜⎜⎝
⎛⎟⎟⎠
⎞⎜⎜⎝
⎛−==
363.01constant torsional
3 yxy
xC ¬!&>!$¦
Edl x nig y CaTTwg nigbeNþayrbs;muxkat;ctuekaN. PaKryénm:Um:g;KNnanImYy²Edl nwgRtUvEbgEckeTAcMerokelIssr nigcMerokkNþalsMrab;bnÞHkMralxagkñúg nigbnÞHkMralxageRkA RtUv)aneGayenAkñúgtarag 17>3 dl; 17>6. enAkñúgbnÞHkMralKMrUxagkñúg EpñkxøHénm:Um:g;KNna EdlminRtUv)andak;eTAkñúgcMerokelIssr ¬tarag 17>3¦ RtUv)anTb;edaycMerokkNþalBak; kNþalEdlRtUvKña. kareFVI linear interpolation sMrab;tMél 12 / ll EdlenAcenøaH 5.0 nig 0.2 nigsMrab;tMél 121 / llfα EdlenAcenøaH 0 nig 1 RtUv)anGnuBaØateday ACI Code. BItarag
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 466
17>3 eyIgGacemIleXIjfa enAeBlFñwmminRtUv)aneRbI dUckñúgkrNI flat plate nig flat slab
01 =fα . PaKrycugeRkayénm:Um:g;enAkñúgcMerokelIssr nigcM erokkNþalCaGnuKmn_én oM RtUv)aneGayenAkñúgtaragTI 17>4.
sMrab;kMralxageRkA Epñkénm:Um:g;KNnaEdlminRtUv)andak;enAkñúgcMerokelIssr ¬tarag 17>5¦ RtUv)anTb;edaycMerokkNþalBak;kNþalEdlRtUvKña. mþgeTot kareFVI linear
interpolation cenøaHtM élEdlbgðajenAkñúgtarag 17>5 RtUv)anGnuBaØateday ACI Code,
Section 13.6.4.2. enAeBlEdl FñwmminRtUv)aneRbIenAkMralxageRkA dUckrNI flat plate nig flat
slab edayK μanFñwmxag (spandrel beam) 01 =fα / 0=C nig 0=tβ . enHmann½yfacugssr pþl;nUvkarTb;sMrab;cugkMralxageRkA. tMélGnuvtþn_éntarag 17>5 sMrab;krNIBiessenHRtUv)an bgðajenAkñúgtarag 17>6 nigrUbTI 17>15.
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 467
tarag 17>3 PaKryénm:Um:g;tambeNþayenAkñúgcMerokelIssr sMrab;bnÞHkMralxagkñúg (ACI Code, Section 13.6.4)
pleFob 12 / ll 121 / llfα 5.0 0.1 0.2
0 75 75 75 m:Um:g;GviC¢manenAelITMrxagkñúg 0.1≥ 90 75 45
0 60 60 60 m:Um:g;viC¢manenAEk,rkNþalElVg 0.1≥ 90 75 45
tarag 17>4 PaKryénm:Um:g;enAkñúgkMralxNнxagkñúgBIrTisEdlK μanFñwm ( 01 =α )
m:Um:g;KNnasrub ( ))!(!
!8
21
2 rnrnl
lwM nuo −⎟
⎟⎠
⎞⎜⎜⎝
⎛=
m:Um:g;GviC¢man m:Um:g;viC¢man m:Um:g;tambeNþayenAkñúgkMralmYy oM65.0− oM35.0±
cMerokelIssr ( ) oo MM 49.065.075.0 −=− ( ) oo MM 21.035.060.0 =
cMerokkNþal ( ) oo MM 16.065.025.0 −=− ( ) oo MM 14.035.040.0 = tarag 17>5> PaKryénm:Um:g;tambeNþayenAkñúgcMerokelIssr sMrab;bnÞHkMralxageRkA (ACI Code, Section 13.6.4)
pleFob 12 / ll 121 / llfα tβ 5.0 0.1 0.2
0 0 75 75 75 5.2≥ 90 75 45 0.1≥ 0 60 60 60
m:Um:g;GviC¢manenAelITMrxageRkA 5.2≥ 90 75 45
m:Um:g;viC¢manenAEk,rkNþalElVg 0 60 60 60
0.1≥ 90 75 45
0 75 75 75 m:Um:g;GviC¢manenAelITMrxagkúñg 0.1≥ 90 75 45
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 468
tarag 17>6> PaKryénm:Um:g;tambeNþayenAkñúgcMerokelIssr nigcMerokkNþal ¬sMrab;pleFob 12 / ll ¦ edayeGay 01 == tf βα
% cMerokelIssr cMerokkNþalm:Um:g;cugeRkayCaGnuKmn_én
oM nig ecα ¬cMerokelIssr¦
m:Um:g;GviC¢manenAelITMrxageRkA 100 oM26.0 0 ( ) oec
M⎥⎦
⎤⎢⎣
⎡+ α11
65.0
m:Um:g;viC¢man¬ oM52.06.0 × ¦ 60 oM312.0 oM208.0 ( ) oec
M⎥⎦
⎤⎢⎣
⎡+
−α11
28.063.0
m:Um:g;GviC¢manenAelIMTMrxagkñúg ¬ oM70.075.0 × ¦ 75 oM52.0 oM175.0 ( ) o
ecM⎥⎦
⎤⎢⎣
⎡+
−α11
10.075.0
BItarag 17>6 eyIgeXIjfaenAeBlEdlFñwmxagminRtUv)aneRbIsMrab;kMralxageRkA 0=tβ nig m:Um:g;KNna %100 RtUv)anTb;edaycMerokelIssr. cMerokkNþalnwgminTb;m:Um:g;NamYyeT dUcenHbrimaNEdkGb,brmaRtUv)andak;. ACI Code, Section 13.6.4.3 kMNt;faenAeBlTMrxag eRkACassr b¤CBa¢aMgEdlRtUv)anBnøÚtsMrab;cMgayes μ InwgbIPaKbYnRbEvgElVgTTwg 2l EdleRbIedIm,I kMNt; oM m:Um:g;GviC¢manxageRkAEdlRtUv)anEbgEckes μ Ikat;tam 2l . enAeBlEdlFñwmRtUV)andak; tam beNþayGkS½ssr ACI Code, Section 13.6.5 tMrUvfam:Um:g;RtUvEtsmamaRtedIm,IkarBarm:Um:g;
%85 enAkñúgcMerokelIssr RbsinebI 0.1)/( 121 ≥llfα . sMrab;tMél )/( 121 llfα enAcenøaH 0.1 nig 0 m:U m:g;EdlmankñúgFñwmRtUv)ankMNt;edayeRbI linear interpolation . m:Um:g;k¾RtUVEtsmamaRt edIm,IkarBar m:Um:g;bEnßmEdlekItedaybnÞúkTaMgGs;EdlGnuvtþedaypÞal;eTAelIFñwm edaybBa©Ül TaMgTMgn;rbs;tYrFñwm EdlKitBIeRkamkMral. Epñkénm:Um:g;Edlmin)andak;eTAkñúgFñwmRtUv)anTb;eday kMralxNнenAkñ μ úgcMerok elIssr.
8>5> karpþl;rbs; ACI sMrab;\T§iBlrbs;KMrUénkardak;bnÞúk ACI Provisions for Effects
of Pattern Loading enAkñúgrcnasm<n§½Cab; m:Um:g;Bt;FGtibrma nigGb,brmaenARtg;muxkat;eRKaHfñak;RtUv)anTTYl
eday kardak;bnÞúkGefrtamKMrUkMNt;mYyedIm,IbegáIttMélx<s;bMput. kardak;bnÞúkGefrenARKb;ElVg
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 469
TaMgGs; nwgminbegáItm:Um:g;Bt;viC¢man b¤m:Um:g;Bt;viC¢manGtibrmaeT.m:Um:g;Gtibrma nigGb,brma GaRs½yCacMbg nwgkrNIxageRkam³
!> pleFobénbnÞúkGefrelIbnÞúkefr. pleFobx<s;nwgbegáIn\T§iBlrbs;KMrUénkardak;bnÞúk (patter loading).
@> pleFobPaBrwgRkajssrelIFñwm. pleFobtUcnwgbegáIn\T§iBlrbs;KMrUénkardak;bnÞúk. #> KMrUénkardak;bnÞúk. m:Um:g;viC¢manGtibrmaenAkñúgElVgrg\T§iBltictYcBIKMrUénkardak;bnÞúk. edIm,IkMNt;m:Um:g;emKuNKNnaenAkñúgrcnasm<n§½Cab; ACI Code, Section 13.7.6 kMNt;dUc
xageRkam³ !> enAeBlKMrUénkardak;bnÞúkRtUv)ansÁal; eRKagsmmUlKYrRtUv)anviPaKsMrab;bnÞúkenaH. @> enAeBlbnÞúkGefrERbRbYl b:uEnþminFMCagbIPaKbYnénbnÞúkefr DL ww 75.0≤ b¤enAeBl
EdlRKb;kMralTaMgGs;RtUv)andak;bnÞúkGefrkñúgtMNalKña karviPaKeRKagEdlmandak;bnÞúk GefremKuNeBjeRKagRtUv)anGnuBaØat.
#> sMrab;lkçxNÐénkardak;bnÞúkepSgeTot eKGnuBaØateGaysnμt;fa m:Um:g;emKuNviC¢man Gtibrma enAEk,rkNþalElVgekItmanCamYynwg 75.0 énbnÞúkGefremKuNeBjenAelIkMral nigenAelIkM ralqøas;. sMrab;m:Um:g;emKuNGviC¢manGtibrmaenAkñúgkMralxNнelITMr RtUv)an eKGnuBaØateGay snμt;fa 75.0 énbnÞúkGefremKuNGnuvtþEtenAelIkMralEk,r.
$> m:Um:g;emKuNminKYryktUcCagm:Um:g;EdlekIteLIgCamYybnÞúkGefremKuNeBjenAelIkMral EdlCab;TaMgGs;eT.
8>6> karlMGitsrésEdk Reinforcement Details eRkayeBlPaKryTaMgGs;énm:Um:g;sþaTicenAkñúgcMerokelIssr nigcMerokkNþalRtUv)ankMNt; brimaNsrésEdkk¾GacRtUv)anKNnasMrab;m:Um:g;viC¢man nigGviC¢manenAkñúgcMeroknImYy² dUc Edl)aneFVIsMrab;FñwmenAkñúgemeronTI4 2
2bdRadfAM uysu =⎟
⎠⎞
⎜⎝⎛ −= φ ¬!&>!%¦
KNna uR nigkMNt;PaKryEdk ρ edayeRbItarag]bsm<n§½ B b¤eRbIsmIkarxageRkam³ ⎟⎟
⎠
⎞⎜⎜⎝
⎛−=
c
yyu f
ffR
'7.11
ρφρ ¬!&>!^¦
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 470
Edl 9.0=φ . RkLaépÞmuxkat;EdkKW bdAs ρ= . enAeBlEdlkMras;kMralxNнRtUvnwgkarkMNt; kMras;kMralxNнEdl)anerobrab;kñúgEpñkTI 4> enaHeK minRtUvkarEdkrgkarsgát;eT. rUbTI 13>3>8 én ACI Code bgðajRbEvgGb,brmaénEdk nigkar lMGitsrésEdksMrab;kMralEdlKμanFñwm ehIy vak¾RtUvbgðajenATIenHEdr ¬rUbTI 17>16¦. KMlatEdkenAkñúgkMralxNнminRtUvFMCaglImIt Gtibrmarbs; ACI EdlmanKMlat mm450 b¤BIrdgkMras; kMralykmYyNaEdltUcCageK.
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 471
8>7> viFIPaBrwgRkajEdlRtUv)anEktMrUvsMrab;ElVgcug Modified Stiffness Method
for End Spans enAkñúgviFIenH PaBrwgRkajrbs;FñwmxagcugkMral nigrbs;ssrxageRkARtUv)anCMnYsedayPaB rwgRkajénssrsmmUl ecK . PaBrwgRkajTb;karBt;énssrsmmUl ecK GacRtUv)anKNnaBI smIkarxageRkam³
tcec KKK111
+=∑
b¤ ∑∑
+=
tc
cec KK
KK
/1 ¬!&>!&¦
Edl =ecK PaBrwgRkajTb;nwgkarBt;rbs;ssrsmmUl =cK PaBrwgRkajTb;nwgkarBt;rbs;ssrBitR)akd =tK PaBrwgRkajTb;karrmYlrbs;Fñwmxag plbUkénPaBrwgRkajrbs;ssrxagelI nigxageRkamkMralxNнGacRtUv)anykdUcxag
eRkam³
⎟⎟⎠
⎞⎜⎜⎝
⎛+=∑
2
2
1
14c
c
c
cc L
ILI
EK ¬!&>!*¦
Edl 1cI nig 1cL Cam:Um:g;niclPaB nigRbEvgrbs;ssrxagelInIv:UkMralxNн nig 2cI nig 2cL Cam:Um:g;niclPaB nigRbEvgrbs;ssrxageRkamnIv:UkMralxNн. PaBrwgRkajTb;nwgkarrmYl
rbs;Fñwmcug tK GacRtUv)ankMNt;dUcxageRkam³ ∑
⎟⎟⎠
⎞⎜⎜⎝
⎛−
= 3
2
22 1
9
lc
l
CEK cs
t ¬!&>!(¦
Edl =2c TMhMrbs;ssrctuekaNEkg b¤ctuekaNEkgsmmUl/ capital column b¤ bracket Edlvas;enAelIElVgTTwgénRCugnImYy²rbs;ssr.
=csE m:UDuleGLasÞicrbs;ebtugkMral =C efrrmYl (torsion constant) EdlkMNt;BIsmIkarxageRkam³
∑ ⎟⎟⎠
⎞⎜⎜⎝
⎛⎟⎟⎠
⎞⎜⎜⎝
⎛−=
363.01
3 yxyxC ¬!&>@0¦
Edl x CaTMhMTTwgrbs;ctuekaN nig y CabeNþayrbs;ctuekaN. kñúgkarKNna C vimaRt rbs;muxkat;ctuekaNRtUv)aneRCIserIsy:agNaedIm,IeFVIeGay)antMél C FMCageK.
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 472
smIkarxagedImEdl)anENnaMenATIenH nwgRtUv)anykmkeRbIenAkñúgEpñk 12 “Equivalent
Frame Method” . RbsinebIkMralmanFñwmRsbKñanwgm:Um:g;EdlRtuvKNna enaHPaBrwgRkajTb;karrmYl tK
EdleGaykñúgsmIkar !&>!( RtUv)anCMnYseday taK EdlmantMélFMCag ehIy taK RtUv)an KNnadUcxag eRkam³
s
sbtta I
IKK ×=
Edl ==12
32hlI s m:Um:g;niclPaBrbs;kMralxNнEdlmanTTwgesμ InwgTTwgeBjcenøaHGkS½
kMral ¬edayminrYmbBa©ÚlEpñkrbs;tYrFñwmEdlbnøayeTAelI b¤eTAeRkamkMralxNн¦. ssb II = / edaybBa©ÚlTaMgtYrFñwmEdlbnøayeTAelI b¤eTAeRkamkMralxNн. muxkat;énGgát;rgkarrmYlxøHEdlmanP¢ab;mkCamYyRtUv)anbgðajenAkúñgrUbTI 17>17.
enAeBlEdl taK RtUv)anKNna enaHpleFobPaBrwgRkaj ecα RtUv)anTTYldUcxageRkam³
( )∑ +=
bs
ecec KK
Kα ¬!&>@!¦
Edl 1
4l
IEK scs
s = =PaBrwgRkajTb;karBt;rbs;kMralxNн
1
4l
IEK bcb
b = =PaBrwgRkajTb;karBt;rbs;Fñwm
=bI m:Um:g;niclPaBTaMgmUlrbs;muxkat;FñwmbeNþay karEbgEckénm:Um:g;sþaTicsrub oM enAkñúgkMralxageRkARtUv)aneGayCaGnuKmn_én ecα
dUcxageRkam³
( ) oec
M⎥⎦
⎤⎢⎣
⎡+
−=α/111.075.0moment factored negativeInterior
( ) oec
M⎥⎦
⎤⎢⎣
⎡+
−=α/11
28.063.0moment factored Positive
( ) oec
M⎥⎦
⎤⎢⎣
⎡+
=α/11
65.0moment factored negativeExterior
tMélTaMgenHRtUv)anbgðajenAkñúgkMralxageRkAKMrUkñúgrUbTI 17>18. emKuNTaMgenHRtUv)an BicarNaBI\T§iBlrbs;PaBrwgRkajrbs;ssrxageRkAk¾dUcCa\T§iBlrbs;PaBrwgRkajrbs;FñwmcugkM ral EdleFVIeGaykarEbgEckm:Um:g;manlkçN³RKb;RKan;.
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 473
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 474
8>8> segçbviFIKNnaedaypÞal; Summary of the Direct Design Method (DDM)
krNITI1 kMralK μanFñwm !> RtYtBinitütMrUvkarénkarkMNt;Edl)anBnül;enAkñúgEpñk 8>1. RbsinebIvaminRtUvnwgkar
kMNt;eT eKminGaceRbIviFI DDM )aneT.
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 475
@> kMNt;kMralxNнGb,brma minh edIm,IRKb;RKgPaBdabedayeRbItMélenAkñúgtarag 17>1. kM ralxageRkAEdlK μanFñwmxageGay minh x<s;bMput ¬ 30/nl sMrab; MPaf y 420= ¦. vaCa karGnuvtþFmμtaEdleRbIkMras;kMralxNнesμ IKñasMrab;RKb;kMralxageRkAnigxagkñúg.
#> KNnabnÞúkemKuN LDu WWW 6.12.1 . += $> epÞógpÞat;kMras;kMralxNн h edIm,IkarBarkMlaMgkat;TTwgmYyTis nigkMlaMgkat;TTwgBIr
Tis. RbsinebIkMras;kMralxNн h minRKb;RKan; eKRtUvbegáInkMras; h b¤dak;EdkTb; kMlaMgkat;TTWg.
%> KNnam:Um:g;sþaTicsrub oM sMrab;TisedATaMgBIr ¬smIkar !&>!!¦ ^> kMNt;emKuNEbgEcksMrab;m:Um:g;viC¢man nigm:Um:g;GviC¢manenAkñúgTisedAbeNþay
nigTisedA TTwgsMrab;cMerokelIssr nigcMerokkNþalnImYy²TaMgenAkñúgkMralxagkñúg nigkMralxageRkA dUcxageRkam³ a. sMrab;kMralxagkñúg eRbIemKuNm:Um:g;EdleGayenAkñúgtarag 17>4 b¤rUbTI 17>15 b. sMrab;kMralxageRkAEdlKμanFñwmxag emKuNm:Um:g;kMralRtUv)aneGayenAkñúgtarag
17>2 b¤rUbTI 17>14 ¬krNITI5¦. sMrab;karEbgEckm:Um:g;enAkñúgTisedATTwg eRbIta rag 17>6 b¤rUbTI 17>15 sMrab;GRtacMerokelIssr. cMerokkNþalnwgTb;Epñkénm:Um:g; EdlminRtUv)andak;eTAkñ μúgcMerokssr.
c. sMrab;kMralxageRkAEdlmanFñwmxag emKuNm:Um:g;kMralRtUv)aneGayenAkñúgtarag 17>2 b¤rUbTI 17>14 ¬krNITI4¦. sMrab;karEbgEckm:Um:g;enAkñúgTisedATTwg eRbIta rag 17>5 sMrab;cMerokelIssr. cMerokkNþalnwgTb;lMnwgénm:Um:g;kMral.
&> kMNt;brimaNEdksMrab;RKb;muxkat;eRKaHfñak;;éncMerokelIssr nigcMerokkNþalTaMgGs; nigBnøÚtsrésEdkeBjkMralxNн ¬rUbTI 17>16¦
*> KNna unbalanced moment nigRtYtBinitüemIlfaetIkarbMElgm:Um:g; unbalanced
moment edaykarBt;RKb;RKan;b¤Gt;. RbsinebIGt;RKb;RKan;eT kMNt;brimaNEdk bEnßmEdlcaM)ac;enAkñúgTTwgeRKaHfñak; ¬eyagtamEpñkTI 10¦.
(> RtYtBinitüemIlfaetIkarbMElgm:Um:g; unbalanced moment edaykMlaMgkat;TTwgRKb; RKan; b¤Gt;. RbsinebIGt;eT begáIn h b¤dak;EdkTb;kMlaMgkat;TTwg. ¬eyagtamEpñkTI 10¦
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 476
krNITI2 kMralEdlmanFñwmxagkñúg nigFñwmxageRkA !> RtYtBinitütMrUvkarénkarkMNt;Edl)anBnül;enAkñúgEpñk 8>1. @> kMNt;kMralxNнGb,brma minh edIm,IRKb;RKgPaBdabedayeRbItMélenAkñúgsmIkar
TI !&>! Dl; !&>#. kñúgkrNICaeRcIn smIkarTI !&>@ lub. smIkarTI !&>! KYrRtUv)an KNnadMbUgdUcbgðajenAkñúg]TahrN_TI 17>1.
#> KNnabnÞúkemKuN LDu WWW 6.12.1 . += $> epÞógpÞat;kMras;kMralxNн h tamry³kMlaMgkat;TTwgmYyTis nigkMlaMgkat;TTwgBIrTis.
CaTUeTA kMlaMgkat;TTWgminmanlkçN³eRKaHfñak;sMrab;kMralxNнEdlRTedayFñwmeT. %> KNnam:Um:g;sþaTicsrub oM sMrab;TisedATaMgBIr ¬smIkar !&>!!¦ ^> kMNt;emKuNEbgEcksMrab;m:Um:g;viC¢man nigm:Um:g;GviC¢manenAkñúgTisedAbeNþay nigTis
edA TTwgsMrab;cMerokelIssr nigcMerokkNþalnImYy²TaMgenAkñúgkMralxagkñúg nigkMral xageRkA dUcxageRkam³ a. sMrab;kMralxagkñúg eRbIemKuNm:Um:g;kñúgrUbTI 17>14 ¬krNITI 3¦ b¤rUbTI 17>12.
sMrab;karEbgEckm:Um:g;kñúgTisedATTwg eRbItaragTI 17>3 sMrab;cMerokelIssr. cM erokkNþalnwgTb;Epñkénm:Um:g;Edlmin)andak;eTAkñúgcMerokelIssr. KNna 1α BI smIkar !&>!@.
b. sMrab;kMralxageRkA eRbIemKuNm:Um:g;kMralenAkñúgtarag 17>2 b¤rUbTI 17>14 ¬krNI TI3¦. sMrab;karEbgEckm:Um:g;enAkñúgTisedATTwg eRbItarag 17>5 sMrab;cM erokelIssr. cMerokkNþalnwgTb;lMnwgénm:Um:g;kMral.
c. kñúgkrNITaMgBIr (a) nig (b) FñwmRtUvTb; %85 énm:Um:g;enAkñúgcMerokssr enAeBl Edl 0.1)/( 121 ≥llfα b:uEnþGRtaERbRbYlcenøaH %85 nig %0 enAeBl
)/( 121 llfα ERbRbYlcemøaHBI 0.1 nig 0 . &> kMNt;brimaNEdksMrab;RKb;muxkat;eRKaHfñak;;éncMerokelIssr/ Fñwm nigcMerokkNþal
TaMgGs; bnÞab;mkBnøÚtsrésEdkeBjkMralxNн ¬rUbTI 17>16¦ *> KNna unbalanced moment nigbnÞab;mkRtYtBinitüemIlkarbMElgénm:Um:g; edaykar
Bt; nigkMlaMgkat;TTwg ¬eyagtamEpñkTI 10¦.
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 477
]TahrN_TI17>3³ edayeRbIvIFI direct design method KNnakMral flat plate xagkñúgKMrU dUcEdl)anbgðajenAkñúgrUb TI 17>6 nig 17>19. RbBn§½kMralpSMeLIgeday kMralbYnenARKb;Tis EdlkMralmYy²manTMhM
m65.7 × . kMralTaMgGs;RtUv)anRTedayssrTMhM cm5050× manRbEvg m6.3 . kMralxNнRT bnÞúkGefreFVIkar BRgayesμ I 2/8.4 mkN nigbnÞúkefreFVIkarEdlrYmman kMralkargarbegðIy (floor
finish) 2/5.1 mkN rYmTaMgbnÞúkpÞal;rbs;kMral. eKeGay MPaf c 28' = nig MPaf y 420= .
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 478
dMeNaHRsay³ 1> kMNt;kMras;kMralxNнGb,brmaedayeRbItarag 17>1 sMrab; flat plate. BI]TahrN_TI
17>1 kMras;kMralxNнKW cm25 . 2> KNnabnÞúkemKuN³
2/75.72525.05.1slab ofweight 5.1 mkNwD =×+=+= 2/178.46.175.72.1 mkNwu =×+×=
3> RtYtBinitükMlaMgkat;TTwgmYyTis nigkMlaMgkat;TTwgBIrTis³ a. RtYtBinitükMlaMgkat;pugenAcMgay 2/d BIépÞssr ¬GMeBIBIrTis¦.
Edaysnμt;kMras;ebtugkarBarEdk cm2 nigeRbIEdk 16DB . enaH d mFümKW cm4.216.1225 =−− nig ( ) cmbo 6.2854.21504 =+= ¬emIlrUbTI 17>19 c¦
[ ] kNwllV uu 3.7561017)5098600750()4.714.71( 421 =⋅×−×=××−= −
kNdbfV occ 5.80810214.0856.228375.0'
33 =×××==
φφ EdlFMCag uV
b. KNnakMlaMgTTwgFñwmenAcMgay d BIépÞssr. d mFümKW cm4.21 . BicarNacMerok m1 ¬rUbTI 17>19 d¦ CamYyRbEvgcMerokKW³
mx 286.3214.025.075.3 =−−= kNwV uu 862.55286.317)286.31( =×=×=
kNbdfV cc 5.14110214.0128675.0'
63 =×××==
φφ EdlFMCag uV . Kñugkardak;bnÞúkFm μta kMlaMgkat;TTwgmYyTisGt;lub.
4> KNnam:Um:g;sþaTicsrubenAkñúgTisedAEvg nigTisedAxøI kñúgTisedAEvg mkN
llwM nu
ol .75.624768
178
2212 =×==
kñúgTisedAxøI mkNllw
M nuos .11.4825.55.7
817
82
221 =×==
edaysarEt 12 ll < TTwgénBak;kNþalcMerokelIssrenAkñúgTisedAEvgKW mm 5.1625.0 =× ehIyTTwgéncMerokkNþalKW m35.126 =×− . TTwgénBak;kNþal
cMerokelIssrkñúgTisedAxøI KW m5.1 ehIyTTwgéncMerokkNþalKW m5.45.125.7 =×− . edIm,IKNnakMBs;RbsiT§PaB d kñúgTisedAnImYy² sn μt;faEdkenA kñúgTisedAxøIRtUvBIelIEdk
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 479
enAkñúgTisedAEvg. dUcenH cmd 2.228.0225)direction long( =−−= nig )directionshort (d 8.06.1225 −−−= cm6.20= . sMrab;karGnuvtþn_ =)average(d
cm5.215.325 =− GacRtUv)aneRbIsMrab;Tis edATaMgBIr. dMeNIrkarKNnaGacRtUv)anerobcMCaTMrg;tarag dUcbgðajenAkñúgtarag 17>7 nig 17>8. karlMGitsMrab;kareRCIserIssrésEdkRtUv)anbgðajenAkñúgrUbTI 17>20 edayeRbIRbBn§½ EdkRtg;. eKRtUveKarBkardak;RbEvgGb,brmarbs;EdkdUcEdl)anbgðajenAkñúgrUbTI 17>16. Gñksagsg;cUlcitþeRbIEdkRtg; nigEdkEdlmanersIusþg; MPaf y 420' = . KMlatGtibrma mm375
83000
barsof no.panel ofwidth
=== taragTI17>7 karKNnabnÞHkMral flat platexagkñúg ¬kñúgTisEvg¦
mkNM o .75.624= mkNMM on .1.40665.0 −=−= mkNMM op .66.21835.0 =+=
cMerokelIssr cMerokkNþal TisEvg
GviC¢man viC¢man GviC¢man viC¢man karEbgEckm:Um:g; % 75 60 25 40
).( mkNM u 6.30475.0 −=nM 2.1316.0 ±=pM 5.10125.0 −=nM 5.876.0 ±=pM TTwgcMerok )(mmb 3000 3000 3000 3000 kMBs;RbsiT§PaB )(mmd 222 222 222 222
)(2 MPabdM
R uu = 06.2 89.0 69.0 59.0
PaKryEdk (%)ρ 57.0 24.0 19.0 16.0 )( 2= mmbdAs ρ 2.3796 4.1598 4.1265 6.1065
)(0018.0(min) 2mmbhA ss = 1350 1350 1350 1350 EdkEdleRCIserIs ¬Rtg;¦ 1620DB 168DB 1212DB 1212DB KMlat mmhs 5002 =≤ 150 375 250 250
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 480
taragTI17>8 karKNnabnÞHkMral flat platexagkñúg ¬kñúgTisxøI¦ mkNM o .11.482=
mkNMM on .4.31365.0 −=−= mkNMM op .7.16835.0 =+=
cMerokelIssr cMerokkNþal TisEvg
GviC¢man viC¢man GviC¢man viC¢man karEbgEckm:Um:g; % 75 60 25 40
).( mkNM u 05.23575.0 −=nM 2.1016.0 ±=pM 35.7825.0 −=nM 5.676.0 ±=pM
TTwgcMerok )(mmb 3000 3000 4500 4500 kMBs;RbsiT§PaB )(mmd 206 206 206 206
)(2 MPabdM
R uu = 85.1 79.0 41.0 35.0
PaKryEdk (%)ρ 51.0 21.0 11.0 09.0 )( 2= mmbdAs ρ 8.3151 8.1297 7.1019 3.834
)(0018.0(min) 2mmbhA ss = 1350 1350 2025 2025 EdkEdleRCIserIs ¬Rtg;¦ 1616DB 168DB 1218DB 1218DB KMlat mmhs 5002 =≤ 5.187 375 250 250
KMlatEdkenAkñúgcMerokelIssrkñúgTisxøIKW mm250 . vamanlkçN³RKb;RKan; edaysarva tUcCag mmhs 5002 = nigtUcCag mm450 EdlkMNt;eday ACI Code.
cMNaMfa PaKryEdkTaMgGs;KWticCag 0182.0max =ρ . dUcenH 9.0=φ .
]TahrN_TI17>4³ edayeRbIviFI direct design method KNnakMral flat plate xageRkAEdlmanTMhM bnÞúk ersIusþg;ebtug nigersIusþg;EdkdUcKñanwgGVIEdl)aneGayenAkñúg]TahrN_TI 17>3. FñwmminRtUv)aneRbI ¬rUbTI 17>21¦.
dMeNaHRsay³ 1> kMNt;kMras;kMralxNнGb,bramedayeRbItarag 17>1 sMrab; flat plate. BI]TahrN_TI
17>1 kMras;kMralxNнKW cm25 .
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 481
2> KNnabnÞúkemKuN³ 2/17 mkNwu = 3> RtYtBinitükMlaMgkat;TTwgmYyTis nigkMlaMgkat;TTwgBIrTis ¬eyagtam]TahrN_TI 17>3
nigrUbTI 17>9¦.
a. RtYtBinitükMlaMgkat;pugenAssrxagkñúg kNVkNV cu 5.8083.756 =<= φ b. RtYtBinitükMlaMgkat;TTwgmYyTis³ kNVkNV cu 5.141862.55 =<= φ c. RtYtBinitükMlaMt;pugenAssrxageRkA³ cmd 4.21=
cmx 7.602
4.2150 =+=
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 482
cmy 4.714.2150 =+=
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 483
cmyxbo 8.1922 =+= kNVu 6.40017104.717.6025
2750600 4 =×⎥
⎦
⎤⎢⎣
⎡×−⎟
⎠⎞
⎜⎝⎛ += −
kNkNdbfV occ 6.4008.545'3
>==φφ
d. RtYtBinitükMlaMgkat;pugenAssrkac;RCug³ cmd 4.21= cmyx 7.60
24.2150 =+==
cmyxbo 4.121=+= kNVu 7.21417107.607.6025
275025
2600 4 =×⎥
⎦
⎤⎢⎣
⎡×−⎟
⎠⎞
⎜⎝⎛ +⎟⎠⎞
⎜⎝⎛ += −
kNkNdbfV occ 7.2147.343'3
>==φφ
4> KNnam:Um:g;sþaTicsrub ¬BI]TahrN_TI 17>3¦ mkNM ol .7.624)direction long( = cmd 2.22=
mkNM os .11.482)directionshort ( = cmd 6.20= TTwgrbs;cMerokelIssrKW cm300 nigTTwgcMerokkNþalKW cm450
5> KNnam:Um:g;KNnaenAkñúgTisedAEvg³ ml 5.71 = ¬eyagtamtarag 17>5 b¤rUb 17>15¦. karEbgEckm:Um:g;srub olM enAkñúgcMerokelIssr nigcMerokkNþalKWRtUv)anKNnadUcxag eRkam³ a. cMerokelIssr³
m:Um:g;GviC¢manxagkñúg ( ) mkNM o .32875.624525.0525.0 −=−=−= m:Um:g;viC¢manenAkñúgElVg ( ) mkNM o .19575.624312.0312.0 === m:Um:g;GviC¢manxageRkA ( ) mkNM o .4.16275.62426.026.0 =−=−=
b. cMerokkNþal³ m:Um:g;GviC¢manxagkñúg ( ) mkNM o .3.10975.624175.0175.0 −=−=−= m:Um:g;viC¢manenAkñúgElVg ( ) mkNM o .9.12975.624208.0208.0 === m:Um:g;GviC¢manxageRkA 0=
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 484
6> KNnam:Um:g;KNnaenAkñúgTisedAxøI³ mls 6= . vaRtUv)anKitdUckMralxagkñúgEdr BIeRBaHva Cab;TaMgsgçag. eyagtamtarag 17>4 b¤rUbTI 17>15 karEbgEckm:Um:g;srub osM enA kñúgcMerokelIssr nigcMerokkNþalRtUv)anKNnadUcxageRkam³ a. cMerokelIssr³
m:Um:g;GviC¢man ( ) mkNM o .2.23611.48249.049.0 −=−=−= m:Um:g;viC¢man ( ) mkNM o .2.10111.48221.021.0 ===
b. cMerokkNþal³ m:Um:g;GviC¢man ( ) mkNM o .1.7711.48216.016.0 −=−=−= m:Um:g;viC¢man ( ) mkNM o .5.6711.48214.014.0 ===
dMeNIrkarKNnaRtUv)antMeroby:aggayRsYlenAkñúgtarag 17>9. karlMGitsMrab;kar eRCIserIssrésEdkRtUv)anbgðajenAkñúgrUbTI 17>22 edayeRbIRbBn§½EdkRtg;;enAkñúgTis Evg. karlMGitsrésEdkenAkñúgTisxøImanlkçN³RsedogKñanwgkarBRgaysrésEdkenA kñúgrUbTI 17>20 edayeRbIkareRCIserIssrésEdkenAkñúgtarag 17>9. cMNaMfa RKb;PaKryEdkTaMgGs;tUcCag 0182.0max =ρ . dUcenH 9.0=φ .
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 485
tarag 17>9 karKNnakMral flat platexageRkAsMrab;]TahrN_TI 17>4 ¬ cmd 2.22= ¦ cMerokelIssr cMerokkNþal TisEvg xageRkA viC¢man xagkñúg xageRkA viC¢man xagkñúg
).( mkNM u 4.162− 195 328− 0 9.129 3.109−
TTwgcMerok )(mmb 3000 3000 3000 3000 3000 3000 )(2 MPa
bdM
R uu = 10.1 32.1 22.2 0 88.0 74.0
PaKryEdk (%)ρ 30.0 36.0 62.0 0 24.0 20.0 )( 2= mmbdAs ρ 1998 2398 4129 0 1598 1332
)(0018.0(min) 2mmbhA ss = 1350 1350 1350 1350 1350 1350 EdkEdleRCIserIs ¬Rtg;¦ 1610DB 1612DB 1622DB 1212DB 1218DB 1212DB
KMlat mmhs 5002 =≤ 300 250 136 250 167 250 TisxøI cMerokelIssr cMerokkNþal
).( mkNM u 2.236− 2.101 1.77− 5.67 TTwgcMerok )(mmb 3000 3000 4500 4500 kMBs;RbsiT§PaB )(mmd 206 206 206 206
)(2 MPabdM
R uu = 86.1 79.0 40.0 35.0
PaKryEdk (%)ρ 52.0 21.0 11.0 09.0 )( 2= mmbdAs ρ 3214 1298 1020 3.834
)(0018.0(min) 2mmbhA ss = 1350 1350 2025 2025 EdkEdleRCIserIs ¬Rtg;¦ 1616DB 168DB 1218DB 1218DB KMlat mmhs 5002 =≤ 5.187 375 250 250 ]TahrN_TI17>5³ eFVI]TahrN_TI 17>4 elIgvij edayeRbIviFI modified stiffness method. ¬eKRtUvkarKNnaRsedogKña sMrab;viFI equivalent frame method, EpñkTI 12¦.
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 486
dMeNaHRsay³ 1> GnuvtþRsedogKñasMrab;CMhanTI 1 dl; 4 dUckñúg]TahrN_TI 17>4 2> KNnaPaBrwgRkajssrsmmUl/ ecK ³
tcec KKK111
+=∑
eyIgGacsn μt;faEpñkéncMerokkMralEdlenAcenøaHssrxageRkAeFVIkarCassrTb;nwgkarrmYl. muxkat;rbs;kMralxNн-ssrKW cm50 ¬TTWgrbs;ssr¦ cm25× ¬kMras;kMralxNн¦ dUcEdl bgðajkñúgrUb. a. kMNt;PaBrwgRkajTb;karrmYl tK BIsmIkar !&>@0³
363.01
3 yxyxC ⎟⎟⎠
⎞⎜⎜⎝
⎛−= mmx 250= mmy 500=
483
1084.173
50025050025063.01 mmC ⋅=
×⎟⎠⎞
⎜⎝⎛ −=
63
8
3
2
22
1047.3
600050016000
1084.179
1
9⋅=
⎟⎠⎞
⎜⎝⎛ −
⋅=
⎟⎟⎠
⎞⎜⎜⎝
⎛−
= ccc
t EE
lc
l
CEK
sMrab;kMralxNнEk,rKñaBIr ¬enAelIRCugTaMgsgçagrbs;ssr¦ EdleFVIkarCaFñwmTTwg 66 1094.61047.32 ⋅=⋅×= cct EEK
b. KNnaPaBrwgRkajrbs;ssr cK / kMBs;ssr mLc 6.3= 6
41079.5
12500
360044
⋅=×== cc
c
ccc E
EL
IEK
sMrab;ssrBIrenABIelI niBIeRkamkMralxNн 66 1058.111079.52 ⋅=⋅×= ccc EEK
c. KNna ecK ³
66 1094.61
1058.1111
⋅+
⋅=
ccec EEK
61034.4 ⋅= cec EK 3> KNnaPaBrwgRkajrbs;kMralxNн nigemKuN ecα
1
4l
IEK sc
s = mmhs 250= mml 60002 = 12
32 s
shl
I =
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 487
63
1017.412
250600075004
⋅=×
×= cc
s EE
K
( )∑ +=
bs
ecec KK
Kα
0=bK ¬edaysarK μanFñwm¦ dUcenH 04.1
1017.41034.4
6
6=
⋅
⋅=
c
cec
EE
α
yk 96.111 =+=ec
Qα
4> KNnam:Um:g;KNnaenAkñúgTisedAEvg³ mll 5.7= . karEbgEckm:Um:g;enAkñúgkMralmYyRtUv)anbgðajenAkñúgrUbTI 17>18. m:Um:g;GviC¢manxagkñúgKW
mkNMQ
M olni .6.436)7.624(96.110.075.010.075.0 −=⎟
⎠⎞
⎜⎝⎛ −=⎥
⎦
⎤⎢⎣
⎡−=
m:Um:g;viC¢manKW mkNM
QM olp .3.304)7.624(
96.128.063.028.063.0 =⎟
⎠⎞
⎜⎝⎛ −=⎥
⎦
⎤⎢⎣
⎡−=
m:Um:g;GviC¢manKW ( ) mkNM
QM olne .2.2077.624
96.165.0)(65.0
===
5> KNnakarEbgEckm:Um:g;kMralenAkñúgTisxøIeTAcMerokelIssr nigcMerokkNþal. m:Um:g; niM / pM nig neM RtUv)anEbgEckdUcxageRkam ¬eyagtamtarag 17>6¦³
a. m:Um:g;xagkñúg mkNM nl .6.436−= RtUv)anEbgEck %75 sMrab;cMerokelIssr nig %25 sMrab;cMerokkNþal
( ) mkN.5.3276.43675.0stripcolumn −=−= ( ) mkN.1.1096.43625.0strip Middle −=−=
b. m:Um:g;viC¢man mkNM p .3.304= RtUv)anEbgEck %60 sMrab;cMerokelIssr nig %40 sMrab;cMerokkNþal
( ) mkN.6.1823.30460.0stripcolumn == ( ) mkN.7.1213.30440.0strip Middle ==
c. m:Um:g;GviC¢manxageRkA mkNM ne .2.207−= RtUv)anEbgEckGaRs½ytamtarag 17>5³
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 488
sscs
cbt I
CIECE
22==β ¬ebtugkMralxNн nigebtugssrmanm:UDuleGLasÞicdUcKña¦
483
10125.7812
2506000 mmI s ⋅==
114.010125.782
1084.178
8=
⋅×
⋅=β
01 ==scs
bcbf IE
IEα 0
1
21 =
ll
fα 8.01
2 =ll
BItarag 17>5 nigedayeFVIviFanmUlvacar (interpolation) cenøaH 0=tβ ¬PaKry = %100 ¦ nig 5.2=tβ ¬PaKry %75= ¦ sMrab; 114.0=tβ PaKryKW %9.98 . m:Um:g;GviC¢manxageRkAenAkñúgcMerokelIssrKW ( ) mkN.92.2042.207989.0 −=−× nigenAkñúgcMerokkNþalKW mkN.28.2− . kñúgkrNIenHeKGacKitfacMerokelIssrRTm:Um:g;
neM %100 KWesμInwg mkN.2.207− 6> kMNt;srésEdkEdlcaM)ac;enAkñúgTisedAEvgkñúgtaragEdlmanlkçN³RsedogKñanwg]TahrN_
TI 17>4. lT§plEdlTTYl)anmanlkçN³ERbRbYlticbMputxusBItarag 17>9. 7> eRbobeFoblT§plrvag]TahrN_TI 17>4 nig 17>5 eyIgeXijfam:Um:g;xageRkAenAkñúgcMerok
elIssr ¬ mkN.2.207− ¦FMCagcMelIyEdlTTYl)ankñúg]TahrN_TI 17>4 ¬ mkN.4.162− ¦ eday %6.27 b:uEnþm:Um:g;viC¢man ¬ mkN.6.182 ¦ RtUv)ankat;bnßyeday %8.6 ¬eFobnwg
mkN.195 ¦ ÉtMéld¾éTeTotesÞIrEtRtUvKña. ]TahrN_TI17>6³ KNnakMralxagkñúgénRbBn§½kMralBIrTisEdl)anbgðajenAkñúgrUbTI 17>7. kMralpSMeLIgedaykMral EdlmanTMhM m66.7 × cMnYn 6 kñúgTisnImYy². kMralTaMgGs;RtUv)anRTedayssrEdlmanTMhM
cm5050× RbEvg m6.3 . kMralRtUv)anRTedayFñwmtambeNþayGkS½ssrEdlmanmuxkat;dUcbgðaj kñúgrUb. bnÞúkGefreFVIkarRtUv)anyk 2/8.4 mkN nigbnÞúkefreFVIkarpSMeLIgeday 2/1 mkN sMrab;kar garbegðIybEnßmBIelITMgn;pÞal;rbs;kMral. cUreRbI MPaf c 21' = / MPaf y 420= nigviFI direct
design method. dMeNaHRsay³
1> eKRtUveFVItamkarkMNt;rbs; ACI Code. kMNt;kMras;kMralxNнGb,brmaedayeRbIsmIkar 17>1 nig 17>2. kMras;kMralxNнRtUv)anKNnarYcCaeRscenAkñúg]TahrN_TI 17>2 ehIy
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 489
eyIgTTYlykkMras; cm18 . CaTUeTA kMras;kMralxNнenAkñúgRbBn§½kMralRtUv)anRKb;RKgeday kMralkac;RCugdUcCakarKNna minh kMralxageRkApþl;nUvkMras;kMralFMCagsMrab;kMralxagkñúg.
2> KNnabnÞúkemKuN 2/5.52518.01 mkNwD =×+=
2/28.148.46.15.52.1 mkNwu =×+×= 3> kugRtaMgkMlaMgenAkñúgkMralxNнminmanlkçN³eRKaHfñak;eT. muxkat;eRKaHfñak;mancMgay d BI
épÞFñwm. sMrab;TTwg m1 ³ kNdwV uu 84.3715.0
24.0328.14 widthbeam
213 =⎟
⎠⎞
⎜⎝⎛ −−=⎟
⎠⎞
⎜⎝⎛ −−=
kNbdfV cc 9.851015010006
2175.0'6
3 =⋅×== −φφ 4> KNnam:Um:g;sþaTicsrubenAkñúgTisEvg nigTisxøI³
( ) ( ) mkNllw
M nu
ol .9.5391.76828.14
822
12 ===
( ) ( ) mkNllw
M nu
os .4.4105.56.7828.14
822
21 === 5> KNnam:Um:g;KNnaenAkñúgTisEvg³ mll 6.7=
a. karEbgEckm:Um:g;enAkñúgkMral m:Um:g;GviC¢man mkNMM oln .9.3509.53965.065.0 −=×== m:Um:g;viC¢man mkNMM olp .1899.53935.035.0 =×==
b. karEbgEckm:Um:g;kMralkñúgTisTTwgeTAFñwm/ cMerokelIssr nigcMerokkNþal 79.0
6.76
1
2 ==ll 19.31 ===
s
bsf EI
EIαα ¬BI]TahrN_TI 17>2¦
152.279.019.31
21 >=×=
ll
fα
c. karEbgEckm:Um:g;GviC¢man nM . Epñkénm:Um:g;GviC¢manxagkñúgedIm,IkarBaredaycMerokelI ssrRtUv)anTTYlBItarag 17>3 edayeFVI interpolation nigesμ Inwg %3.81 ¬sMrab;
79.0/ 12 =ll nig 0.1)/( 121 >llfα ¦. cMerokelIssr mkNM n .3.2859.350813.0813.0 −=×== cMerokkNþal mkNM n .6.659.350187.0187.0 −=×==
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 490
edaysarEt 1)/( 121 >llfα / ACI Code, Section 13.6.5 bgðajfa %85 énm:Um:g; kñúgcMerokelIssrRtUv)anEckeGayeTAFñwm nigenAsl; %15 RtUv)anEckeGayeTAkM ralcMerokelIssr. Fñwm mkN.5.2423.28585.0 −=×= cMerokelIssr mkN.8.423.28515.0 −=×= cMerokkNþal mkN.6.65−=
d. karEbgEckm:Um:g;viC¢man pM . Epñkénm:Um:g;viC¢manxagkñúgEdlRtUv)anTb;edaycMerokelIssrRtUv)anTTYlBItarag 17>3 edayeFVI interpolation nigesμ Inwg %3.81 ¬sMrab; 79.0/ 12 =ll nig 0.1)/( 121 >llfα ¦. cMerokelIssr mkNM n .7.153189813.0813.0 =×== cMerokkNþal mkNM n .3.35189187.0187.0 =×==
edaysarEt 1)/( 121 >llfα / ACI Code, Section 13.6.5 bgðajfa %85 énm:Um:g; kñúgcMerokelIssrRtUv)anEckeGayeTAFñwm nigenAsl; %15 RtUv)anEckeGayeTAkM ralcMerokelIssr. Fñwm mkN.6.1307.15385.0 =×= cMerokelIssr mkN.1.237.15315.0 =×= cMerokkNþal mkN.3.35=
karlMGitm:Um:g;RtUv)anbgðajenAkñúgrUbTI 17>23. 6> KNnam:Um:g;KNnaenAkñúgTisxøI³ ElVg m6= . viFIKNnaRsedogKñanwgCMhanTI5>
m:Um:g;GviC¢man mkNMM osn .8.2664.41065.065.0 −=×== m:Um:g;viC¢man mkNMM osp .6.1434.41035.035.0 =×== EbgEck nM / pM eTAFñwm/ cMerokelIssr nigcMerokkNþal
27.166.7
1
2 ==ll 51.21 ===
s
bsf EI
EIαα ¬BI]TahrN_TI 17>2¦
119.327.151.21
21 >=×=
ll
fα
PaKryénm:Um:g;GviC¢man nigGviC¢manenAkñúgcMerokelIssrRtUv)anTTYlBItarag 17>3 eday kareFVI interpolation. ¬sMrab; 27.1/ 12 =ll nig ( ) 0.1/ 121 >llfα PaKryEbgKW %67 ¦.
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 491
m:Um:g;GviC¢mancMerokelIssr mkNM n .8.1788.26669.067.0 −=×== m:Um:g;GviC¢mancMerokkNþal mkNM n .888.26633.033.0 −=×== eday ( ) 0.1/ 121 >llfα / %85 én mkN.8.178− RtUv)andak;eTAkñúgFñwm. dUcenH m:Um:g;GviC¢manelIFñwm mkN.1528.17885.0 −=×= m:Um:g;GviC¢mancMerokelIssr mkN.8.268.17815.0 −=×= m:Um:g;viC¢manelIFñwm mkN.8.816.14367.085.0 =××= m:Um:g;viC¢mancMerokelIssr mkN.4.146.14367.015.0 =××= m:Um:g;viC¢mancMerokkNþal mkN.4.476.14333.0 =×=
7> brimaNEdkcaM)ac; nigcMnYnEdkRtUv)anbgðajenAkñúgtarag 17>10. cMNaMfaPaKryEdkTaMgGs;tUcCag 00137.0max =ρ . dUcenH 9.0=φ .
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 492
tarag 17>10 karKNnaénkMralxNнmanFñwmBIrTisxagkñúg TisEvg
cMerokelIssr cMerokkNþal ).( mkNM u 8.42− 1.23 6.65− 3.35
TTwgcMerok )(mmb 3000 3000 3000 3000 kMBs;RbsiT§PaB )(mmd 150 150 150 150
)(2 MPabdM
R uu = 0.63 0.34 0.97 0.52
PaKryEdk (%)ρ 0.17 0.09 0.26 0.14
)( 2= mmbdAs ρ 765 405 1170 630
)(0018.0(min) 2mmbhA ss = 972 972 972 972
EdkEdleRCIserIs 9DB12 9DB12 11DB12 9DB12
TisxøI cMerokelIssr cMerokkNþal
).( mkNM u 8.26− 4.14 88− 4.47 TTwgcMerok )(mmb 3000 3000 4600 4600 kMBs;RbsiT§PaB )(mmd 140 140 140 140
)(2 MPabdM
R uu = 0.46 0.24 0.98 0.53
PaKryEdk (%)ρ 0.12 0.06 0.27 0.14
)( 2= mmbdAs ρ 504 252 1739 902
)(0018.0(min) 2mmbhA ss = 972 972 1490 1490
EdkEdleRCIserIs ¬Rtg;¦ 9DB12 9DB12 16DB12 14DB12
]TahrN_TI17>7³ edayeRbIviFI direct design method kMNt;m:Um:g;viC¢man nigGviC¢mancaM)ac; sMrab; karKNnaénkMral xageRkA ¬elx @¦ énRbBn§½kMralBIrTisEdlmanFñwmdUcEdlbgðajenAkñúgrUbTI 17>7. eRbIbnÞúk nig Tinñn½yEdleGayenAkñúg]TahrN_TI 17>6.
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 493
dMeNaHRsay³ 1> karkMNt;EdlTamTarbs; ACI Code RtUv)anbMeBjenAkñúg]TahrN_enH.
kMNt;kMras;kMralGb,brma sh edayeRbIsmIkar !&>! nig !&>@ nigCMhanbnþbnÞab;. sn μt; cmhs 18= . muxkat;rbs;Fñwmxagkñúg nigxageRkARtUv)anbgðajenAkñúgrUbTI 17>7. cMNaMfa karbnøykMralxNнenARKb;RCugrbs;FñwmKW cmyx 38==
2> a. m:Um:g;niclPaBrbs;Fñwm nigkMralxagkñúgEdlRtUv)anKNnaenAkñúg]TahrN_TI 17>2 KW TaMgBIrTis 46.928924 cmIb = TisEvg 4291600cmI s = TisxøI 4369360cmI s = b. KNna bI nig sI sMrab;Fñwmxag nigkMralxNнxag Fñwmxag ( )( ) ( )( )
⎥⎥⎦
⎤
⎢⎢⎣
⎡×+
×+
⎥⎥⎦
⎤
⎢⎢⎣
⎡×+
×= 2
32
35.143830
1238305.131868
121868
bI
4632987cm= KNna sI sMrab;cMerokxagcugEdlRsbeTAnwgFñwmxag EdlmanTTwg
2500
27600
+=
mm4050= kMralxagcug 4
3196830
1218405 cmI s =
×=
3> a. KNna fα ¬ sbf EIEI /=α ¦ TisEvg 19.3
2916006.928924==lα
TisxøI 51.2369360
6.928924==sα
Fñwmxag 22.3196830632987
==α α mFüm 86.2
422.3251.219.3
=+×+
== fmα b. =β pleFob clear span EvgelI clear span xøI 29.1
5.51.7==
c. KNna sh ³
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 494
( ) mmhs 1502.086.229.1536
14004208.07100
min =−×+
⎟⎠⎞
⎜⎝⎛ +
=
b:uEnþtMélenHminRtUvtUcCag
mmhs 16429.1936
14004208.07100
min =×+
⎟⎠⎞
⎜⎝⎛ +
= ¬lub¦ eRbI cmcmhs 918 >= ¬tMélGb,brmaEdlkMNt;eday code ¦
4> KNnabnÞúemKuN 2/28.14 mkNwu = ¬BI]TahrN_TI 17>6¦ 5> KNnam:Um:g;sþaTicsrub³ mkNM ol .9.539= mkNM os .4.410= ¬BI]TahrN_mun¦ 6> KNnam:Um:g;KNnaenAkñúgTisxøI ¬ElVg m6= ¦³ edaysarkMralCab;kñúgTisenH m:Um:g;mantMél
dUcnwgm:Um:g;Edl)anKNnaenAkñúg]TahrN_TI 17>6 ehIyRtUv)anbgðajenAkñúgrUbTI 17>23 sMrab;kMralxagkñúg.
7> KNnam:Um:g;enAkñúgmYykMraledayeRbIemKuNEdleGayenAkñúgtarag 17>2 b¤rUbTI 17>14 ¬krNITI 3¦³ m:Um:g;GviC¢manxagkñúg mkNMM oni .3789.5397.07.0 −=×== m:Um:g;viC¢mankñúgElVg mkNMM op .7.3079.53957.057.0 =×== m:Um:g;GviC¢manxageRkA mkNMM one .4.869.53916.016.0 −=×== cMNaM³ RbsinebIviFI modified stiffness method RtUv)aneRbI enaH 461027.3857 mmC ⋅= /
61013.39 ⋅= cta Ek / 61079.5 ⋅= cc EK / 61056.1 ⋅= cs EK / 61095.4 ⋅= cb Ek / 61094.8 ⋅= cb Ek nig 37.1=ecα . m:Um:g;GviC¢manxagkñúgkøayCa mkN.7.373−
¬Rbhak;RbEhlKña¦ m:Um:g;viC¢mankøayCa mkN.75.252 ¬fycuH %18 ¦ nigm:Um:g;GviC¢manxageRkAkøayCa 86.202 ¬ekIneLIg %235 ¦
8> karEbgEckm:Um:g;kMraleTAFñwm cMerokelIssr nigcMerokkNþal³ 79.0
6.76
1
2 ==ll 19.31 == lf αα
0.152.279.019.31
21 >=×=
ll
fα
KNna C ³
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 495
⎟⎟⎠
⎞⎜⎜⎝
⎛⎟⎟⎠
⎞⎜⎜⎝
⎛−= ∑
yxyxC
3
363.01
Eckmuxkat;rbs;FñwmxagCactuekaNBIrEdleFVIy:agNaedIm,ITTYl)an C Gtibrma. ykmuxkat;Fñwm mm560300× ¬ mmx 300= / mmy 560= ¦ nigmuxkat;kMral
mm380180× ¬ mmx 180= / mmy 380= ¦ 46
331027.3857
3380180
38018063.01
3560300
56030063.01 mmC ⋅=⎟
⎟⎠
⎞⎜⎜⎝
⎛ ×⎟⎠⎞
⎜⎝⎛ −+⎟
⎟⎠
⎞⎜⎜⎝
⎛ ×⎟⎠⎞
⎜⎝⎛ ×−=
66.0102916002
1038572 4
6=
⋅×
⋅==
scs
cbt IE
CEβ
a. EbgEckm:Um:g;GviC¢manxagkñúg niM ³ eyagtamtarag 17>3 nigedaykareFVI interpolation PaKrym:Um:g;Edldak;enAkñúgcMerokelIssr ¬sMrab; 79.0/ 12 =ll nig 0.1/ 121 >llfα ¦KW %3.81
cMerokelIssr mkN.3.307378813.0 −=×= cMerokkNþal mkN.7.70378187.0 −=×= edaysar 0.1/ 121 >llfα / %85 énm:Um:g;enAkñúgcMerokssrKWRtUv)andak;eTAkñúgFñwm dUcenH³ Fñwm mkN.2.2613.30785.0 −=×= cMerokelIssr mkN.1.463.30715.0 −=×= cMerokkNþal mkN.7.70−= b. EbgEckm:Um:g;viC¢man pM ³ eyagtamtarag 17>3 nigedayeFVI interpolation PaKry
m:Um:g;EdlRtUvdak;kñúgcMerokelIssrKW %3.81 ¬ %85 éntMélenHRtUv)andak;eTAFñwm¦. dUcenH
Fñwm ( ) mkN.6.2127.307813.085.0 =×= cMerokelIssr ( ) mkN.5.377.307813.015.0 =×= cMerokkNþal mkN.5.577.307187.0 =×= c. EbgEckm:Um:g;GviC¢manxageRkA neM ³ eyagtamtarag 17>5 nigedaykareFVI
interpolation PaKrym:Um:g;Edldak;eTAkñúgcMerokelIssr ¬sMrab; 79.0/ 12 =ll nig 0.1/ 121 >llfα ¦KW %5.92 nig %85
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 496
Fñwm ( ) mkN.9.674.86925.085.0 −=×= cMerokelIssr ( ) mkN.124.86925.015.0 −=×=
cMerokkNþal mkN.48.64.86075.0 =×=
9> m:Um:g;KNnaenAkñúgssr Design Moments in Column
enAeBlEdlkarviPaKeRKagsmmUl (equivalent frame) RtUv)aneFVIeLIgedayviFI direct
design method m:Um:g;enAkñúgssrEdlbNþalBIbnÞúkmines μ I (unbalanced load) enAelIFñwmEk,rRtUv)an TTYlBIsmIkarxageRkam EdlRtUv)ankMNt;eday ACI Code, Section 13.6.9:
( ) ( )[ ]22
22 '''5.007.0 ndnldu llwllwwM −+= ¬!&>@@ a ¦
RbsinebIviFI modified stiffness method EdleRbI ecK nig ecα enaHm:Um:g; uM RtUv)ankMNt; dUcxageRkam³ ( ) ( )[ ]
⎟⎟⎠
⎞⎜⎜⎝
⎛+
−+=
ec
ndnldu
llwllwwM
α11
'''5.008.0 22
22 ¬!&>@@ b ¦
Edl dw nig =lw bnÞúkefr nigGefremKuNenAelIElVgEdlEvgCag =dw' bnÞúkGefremKuNenAelIElVgEdlxøI nl nig =nl ' RbEvgénElVgEdlEvgCag nigxøICag erogKña ( )∑ +
=bs
ecec KK
Kα ¬!&>@!¦
m:Um:g;enAkúñgsmIkarTI !&>@@ KYrRtUv)anEbgEckrvagssrxagelI nigxageRkamkMralxNнRtg; tMNreTAtamsmamaRtPaBrwgRkajrgkarBt;rbs;va ¬rUbTI 17>24¦. sMrab;ElVgEdlesμ IKña 22 'll = nig nn ll '= ( )2
25.007.0 nlu llwM = ¬!&>@# a ¦ ( )
⎟⎟⎠
⎞⎜⎜⎝
⎛+
=
ec
nlu
llwM
α11
5.008.0 22 ¬!&>@@ b ¦
karbegáItsmIkarTaMgenHedayQrenAelIkarsnμt;fabnÞúkGefrBak;kNþaleFVIGMeBIenAelIElVg EvgCag b:uEnþbnÞúkGefreFVIGMeBIenAelIElVgTaMgBIr. smIkar !&>@@ k¾GacRtUv)anGnuvtþsMrab;ssrxag eRkA edaysnμt;faRbEvgElVgEdlxøICagKW 0 ¬rUbTI 17>25¦.
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 497
10> karbMElgm:Um:g;minesμIeTAkñúgssr Transfer of Unbalanced Moments to Columns
10>1> karbMElgm:Um:g; Transfer of Moment
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 498
kñúgkarviPaKeRKagsmmUl (equivalent frame) enAkñúgGKar m:Um:g;ekItmanenARtg;tMN kMral xNн-ssr EdlekItBIkMlaMgxagdUcCa kMlaMgxül; kMlaMgrBa¢ÜydI b¤kMlaMgTMnajmines μI (unbalanced
gravity load) edayeFVIeGaymanm:Um:g;;mines μ IenAkñúgkMralenAelIRCugEdlpÞúynwgssr. mYycMENkén m:Um:g;minesμ IRtUv)anbMElgeTAssredaykarBt; ehIycMENkEdleFVIeGaym:Um:g;manlMnwgRtUv)anbBa¢Ún edaykMlaMgkat;bBaÄrEdlmanGMeBIenAelImuxkat;eRKaHfñak;sMrab;kMlaMgkat;pug. RbEhl %60 énm:U m:g;EdlRtUv)anbMElgeATcugssrTaMgsgçagRtg;tMNRtUv)anbMElgedaykarBt; ehIy %40 EdlenA sl;RtUv)anbMElgedaykMlaMgkat;cakp©it ¬b¤kMlaMgrmYl¦ enARtg;muxkat;EdlmanTItaMg 2/d BIépÞ ssr. ACI Code, Section 13.5.3 bgðajfacMENkén unbalanced moment EdlRtUv)anbMElg edaykarBt; fM enARtg;tMNkMralxNн-ssrEdlRtUv)anKNnadUcxageRkam³ uff MM γ= ¬!&>@$¦
2
1
2
1321
1
321
1
bb
dcdc
f
+
=
⎟⎟⎠
⎞⎜⎜⎝
⎛
++
+
=γ ¬!&>@%¦
ehIym:Um:g;EdlbMElgedaykMlaMgkat;TTwgKW ( ) fuufv MMMM −=−= γ1 ¬!&>@^¦ Edl 1c nig 2c CaRbEvgrbs;RCugBIrénssrctuekaN b¤ssrctuekaNEkgsmmUl/ )( 11 dcb += nig
( )dcb += 22 . enAeBlEdl 21 cc = / uf MM 6.0= ehIy uv MM 4.0= . 10>2> karRbmUlpþúMsrésEdkenAelIssr Concentration of Reinforcement Over the
column sMrab;karbMElgm:Um:g;edaypÞal;eTAssr vaCakarcaM)ac;kñúgkarRbmUlpþúMsrésEdkdak;kñúgcMerok ssrkñúgTTwgkMNt;mYyenAelIssr, Epñkénm:Um:g;EdlbMElgedaykarBt; fM RtUv)anBicarNaeGay eFVIGMeBItamry³TTwgkMralxNнes μ InwgTTwgssr 2c bUknwg sh15.1 enARKb;RCugTaMgGs;rbs;ssr b¤ tamry³TTwgkMralxNнes μ Inwg ( )shc 32 + (ACI Code, Section 13.5.3). srésEdkGacRtUV)anRb mUlpþúMenAelIssredayKMlatCit²Kña b¤edayeRbIsrésEdkbEnßm. 10>3> kugRtaMgkMlaMgkat;EdlbNþalBI fM Shear Stress Due to fM kugRtaMgkMlaMgkat;EdlbegáItedaycMENkén unbalanced moment vM RtUv)anpSMeLIgCa mYynwgkugRtaMgkMlaMgkat;EdlbegáItedaykMlaMgkat; uV Edl)anBIkMlaMgbBaÄr. kugRtaMgkMlaMgkat;
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 499
TaMgBIrRtUv)ansnμt;eGayeFVIGMeBIenACMubrievNbøg;EdlmanTItaMgenAcMgay 2/d BIépÞssrdUcbgðajenA kñúgrUb 17>26. smIkarsMrab;KNnakugRtaMgkMlaMgkat;KW³
c
v
c
uJ
CMAV
v ±=2,1 ¬!&>@&¦
Edl =cA RkLaépÞmuxkat;eRKaHfñak;enACMuvijssr =cJ m:Um:g;niclPaBb:UElénRkLaépÞEdlRsbeTAnwgm:Um:g;EdlmanGMeBIbEnßmBIelIm:Um:g;nicl
PaBénmuxkat;xagcugEdleFobnwgGkS½TIRbCMuTMgn;énmuxkat;eRKaHfñak;.
sMrab;ssrxagkñúg ( )yxdAc += 2 ¬!&>@*¦ nig
632
32
3 xdyxxdJc +⎟⎟⎠
⎞⎜⎜⎝
⎛+= ¬!&>@(¦
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 500
sMrab;ssrxageRkA ( )yxdAc += 2 ¬!&>#0¦ nig ( )
62
32 3
21
3 xddxyxdxJc ++−= ¬!&>#!¦ Edl 1x / 2x nig y Rtuv)anbgðajenAkñúgrUbTI 17>26. kugRtaMgkMlaMgkat;Gtibrma
cvcu JCMAVv += /1 RtUvEttUcCag 3'cfφ ebImindUecñaHeT EdkTb;kMlaMgkat;RtUv)andak;. ]TahrN_TI17>8³ kMNt;m:Um:g;enAelIssrxagkñúg nigxageRkAkñúgTisedAEvgrbs; flat plate kñúg TahrN_TI 17>4. dMeNaHRsay³
1> kMNt;m:Um:g;ssrxageRkA. BI]TahrN_TI 17>4 nig 17>5 2/3.975.72.1 mkNwd =×=
2/84.38.46.15.05.0 mkNwl =××= mll 6'22 == mll nn 7' == 96.111 =⎟⎟
⎠
⎞⎜⎜⎝
⎛+
ecα
Unbalanced moment EdlRtUvbMElgeTAssrxageRkAedayeRbIsmIkar !&>@@ b KW ( )[ ] mkNM u .7.15707684.33.9
96.108.0 2 =−×+=
RbsinebIsmIkar !&>@@ a RtUv)aneRbI/ mkNM u .4.270= EdlCatMélEdlsnSMsMéc. 2> enATMrxagkñúg PaBrwgRkajrbs;kMralenAsgçagssrRtUv)aneRbIedIm,IKNna ecα ³
( )∑ +=
bs
ecec KK
Kα ¬!&>@!¦
BI]TahrN_TI 17>5/ 61034.4 ⋅= cec EK / 61017.4 ⋅= cs EK nig 0=bK dUcenH 52.0
1017.421034.4
6
6=
⋅×
⋅=
c
cec
EE
α
92.211 =⎟⎟⎠
⎞⎜⎜⎝
⎛+
ecα
BIsmIkar 17>22 b m:Um:g; unbalance enAssrxagkμñúgKW³ ( )[ ] mkNM u .93.30763.97684.33.9
92.208.0 22 =××−×+=
RbsinebIsmIkar !&>@@ a RtUv)aneRbI/ mkNM u .79= EdlCatMélEdlsnSMsMéc. ]TahrN_TI17>9³ sMrab; flat plate kñúg]TahrN_TI 17>4 KNnakugRtaMgkMlaMgkat;enAkñúgkMralxNн Rtg;muxkat;eRKaHfñak;EdlbNþalBI unbalanced moment nigkMlaMgkat;TTWgenAelIssrxagkñúg nig
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 501
ssrxageRkA. RtYtBinitükarRbmUlpþúMsrésEdk nigkMlaMgrmYlkñúgrbs;ssrxageRkA. eKeGay MPaf c 28' = nig MPaf y 420=
dMeNaHRsay³ 1> m:Um:g;EdleFVIeGayK μanlMnwg (unbalanced moment) enAssrxagkñúgKW mkNM u .93.30=
¬]TahrN_ TI 17>8¦ Edl 6.0=fγ ¬edaysar cmcc 5021 == ¦. m:Um:g;EdlRtUvbMElgedaykarBt;KW mkNMM uff .56.1893.306.0 =×== γ m:Um:g;EdlbMElgedaykMlaMgkat;KW mkNMMM fuv .37.1256.1893.30 =−=−= müa:gvijeTot m:Um:g;E;dlKNnaBIsmIkar !&>@@ a GacRtUv)aneRbIedIm,IbegáItkugRtaMgkMlaMgkat; FMCag. edayeRbI cmd 2.22= ¬]TahrN_TI 17>4¦
( ) kNVu 1.756722.05.7617 2 =−×= BIrUbTI 17>27
24.64112.222.724 cmAc =××=
632
32
3 xdyxxdJc +⎟⎟⎠
⎞⎜⎜⎝
⎛+=
( ) 46323
107.52.226
2.722.722.7232.72
22.22 cm⋅=+⎟
⎟⎠
⎞⎜⎜⎝
⎛+=
224max /1258
107.52722.037.12
104.64111.756 mkNv =
⋅
×+
⋅=
−−
2min /110034.783.1179 mkNv =−=
22 /1258/1323323.13/2875.03/' mkNmkNMPafv cc >==== φφ 2> sMrab;ssrxageRkA unbalanced moment EdlRtUvbMElgedaykarBt; fM enARtg;tMN
kMralxNн-ssrKWes μ Inwg uf Mγ Edl mkNM u .7.157= . cMNaMfa cmcc 5021 == / cmd 2.22= enAkñúgTisedAEvg nig 6.0=fα sMrab;ssrkaer.
mkNM f .6.947.1576.0 =×= m:Um:g;EdlRtUvbMElgedaykMlaMgkat;TTwgKW
mkNMMM fuv .1.636.947.157 =−=−=
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 502
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 503
3> sMrab;karbMElgedaykMlaMgkat;enAssrxageRkA muxkat;eRKaHfñak;sßitenAcMgay 2/d BIépÞssr ¬rUbTI 17>28¦.
2/17 mkNwu = ( ) kNVu 390722.0611.09.3617 =×−×=
kMNt;TItaMgTIRbCMuTMgn;rbs;muxkat;eRKaHfñak;edayKitm:Um:g;eFob AB ( ) lx2.721.612
21.611.612 +×=⎟⎠⎞
⎜⎝⎛ ×
dUcenH cmxl 2.19= . RkLaépÞmuxkat;eRKaHfñak; cA KW ( ) 27.43152.721.6122.22 cm=+× . KNna yxc IIJ += sMrab;RkLaépÞesμ IKñaBIr 1.612.22 × EdlmanRCugRsbeTAnwgTisedAén m:Um:g; CamYynwgRkLaépÞ 2.722.22 × EkgeTAnwgTisedArbs;m:Um:g;. m:Um:g;niclPaBénRkLa épÞTaMgBIrRtUvKiteFobnwgGkS½ CD .
∑ ⎟⎟⎠
⎞⎜⎜⎝
⎛+=+= 2
3
12AxbhIIJ yxc
2323
2.192.222.722.2212
1.612.192
1.611.612.2212
1.612.222 ××++⎥⎥⎦
⎤
⎢⎢⎣
⎡⎟⎠⎞
⎜⎝⎛ −×+=
461084.1 cm⋅= b¤edayeRbIsmIkar !&>#! sMrab;ssrxageRkA. KNNakugRtaMgkMlaMgkat; nominal Gtibrma nigGb,brmaedayeRbIsmIkar !&>@&³
224max /1.1562
1084.1192.01.63
107.4315390 mkN
JCM
AV
vc
v
c
u =⋅
×+
⋅=+=
−−
2min /3.2454.6587.903 mkN
JCM
AV
vc
v
c
u =−=−=
22 /1.1562/1323323.13/2875.03/' mkNmkNMPafv cc <==== φφ kugRtaMgkMlaMgkat;TTwgFMCagkugRtaMgkMlaMgkat;GnuBaØat dUcenHeKRtUvbegáInkMras;kMralxNн b¤eRbIEdkTb;kMlaMgkat;.
4> RtYtBinitükarRbmUlpþúMsrésEdkenAssrxageRkA KWRtYtBinitüPaBRKb;RKan;rbs;lT§PaBTb; karBt;rbs;muxkat;edIm,IbMElgm:Um:g;GviC¢maneTAkñúgssrxageRkA. muxkat;eRKaHfñak;rbs;kM ralxNнRtUv)anbnøay sh5.1 enAelIRCugnImYy²rbs;ssr EdleGayTTwg ( )25350 ×+
cm125= nigkMras; cm25 . m:Um:g;srubenAkñúgTTwgcMerokelIssr m3 KW mkN.4.162
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 504
Edl)anKNnaenAkñúg]TahrN_TI 17>4 ¬CMhan %¦. m:Um:g;enAkñúgTTwg cm125 KWesμ Inwg
3001254.162 mkN.67.67= .
RbsinebIeKeRbIKMlatEdkes μ I²KñaenAkñúgcMerokelIssr enaHeKRtUvkarbrimaNEdkbEnßmenAkñúg TTwg cm125 sMrab;m:Um:g;Edlesμ Inwg mkNM f .93.2667.676.9467.67 =−=− . brimaN EdkcaM)ac; 2340mmAs = dUcenH 124DB ¬ 2452mm ¦ GacRtUv)aneRbI. dMeNaHRsayepSgeTotKWedIm,ItMerobEdkenAkñúgcMerokelIssredIm,IbegáInbrimaNEdkenAkñúgTTwkcMerok cm125 . brimaNEdkcaM)ac;enAkñúgTTwgcMerokKYrRKb;RKan;edIm,ITb;nwgm:Um:g;Edlesμ Inwg
6.0 dgénm:Um:g;GviC¢manenAkñúgcMerokelIssr b¤ mkN.44.974.1626.0 =× .
⎟⎠⎞
⎜⎝⎛ −
=
2adf
MA
y
us
φ sn μt; mma 25=
26
1230
2252224209.0
1044.97 mmAs =⎟⎠⎞
⎜⎝⎛ −×
⋅=
RtYtBinitü³ mmbf
fAa
c
ys 4.1712502885.0
4201230'85.0
=××
×==
eRbI 1211DB enAkñúgTTwg cm125 edayEckesμ IKñasgçagssredayKitBIGkS½ssr ¬rUbTI 17>29¦. kardak;EdkbEnßm 124DB Edl)anbgðajxagelICadMeNaHRsaykan;EtRbesI.
5> kMlaMgrmYlenAkñúgkMralxNн³ kMlaMgrmYlBIRCugTaMgsgçagrbs;ssrxageRkAesμ Inwg %40
énm:Um:g;elIcMerokTTwg.
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 505
mkNTu .96.644.1624.0 =×= kMlaMgrmYlenAelIRCugmçag³ mkN.48.32
296.64
= TTwgénmuxkat;kMralxNнEdlesμ InwgTTwgssrRtUv)ansn μt;eGayTb;nwgkugRtaMgrmYl³ ∑= yxvT tuu
331
Edl cmx 25= nig cmy 50= . muxkat;eRKaHfñak;KWenAcMgay d BIépÞssr ¬rUbTI 17>30¦ . edaysnμt;fakMlaMgrmYlERbRbYlmanragCaExSekag)a:ra:bUleTAGkS½kMralxNн enaHkMlaMgrmYl enAcMgay d KW³
mkNTu .42.285.3
222.05.348.322=⎟
⎠⎞
⎜⎝⎛ −
=
sMrab;ersIusþg;Tb;karrmYlrbs;ebtug 212505025 cmAcp =×= / ( )50252 +=cpP cm150= tamsmIkar !%>!( ( ) ( )15003/101012502875.0 622 ×⋅⋅= −
cpTφ mkN.78.13= / mkNmkNTa .42.28.445.34/78.13 <== .
eKRtUvkarEdkTb;kMlaMgrmYl. EdkkgbiTCitcaM)ac; nigEdkbeNþaybEnßmRtUv)anKNnadUc Bnül;enAkñúgemronTI 15. muxkat;cugeRkayRtUv)anbgðajenAkñúgrUbTI 17>30. vaCakarRb esIrRbsinebImanFñwmxagenAssrxageRkAedIm,IbegáInPaBrwgRkajTb;karrmYlrbs;kMralxNн.
]TahrN_TI17>10³ kMNt;brimaNEdkTb;kMlaMgkat;TTwgcaM)ac;sMrab;kMral flat plate xagkñúgeday BicarNadUcteTA³ kMlaMgkat;put kNVu 870= / kMras;kMralxNн cm23= / cmd 19= /
MPaf c 28' = / ehIyTMhMssrKW cm5050× . dMeNaHRsay³
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 506
1> kMNt; 3/' dbfV occ φφ = sMrab;kMlaMgkat;BIrTis ( ) ( ) cmdbo 27619504504 =+=+=
kNVc 7.6933/1019027602875.0 3 =⋅××= −φ edaysar cu VkNV φ>= 870 EdkTb;kMlaMgkat;TTwgRtUvkarcaM)ac;.
2> cVφ GnuBaØatGtibrma EdleRbIEdkkMlaMgkat;TTwges μ Inwg ucoc VkNVdbf >== 6.1040)(5.12/' φφ EdkTb;kMlaMgkat;TTwgGacRtUv)aneRbI.
3> EdkTb;kMlaMgkat;TTWgGacpSMeLIgedayEdksrés Edkrag dUcCaFñwmGkSr I b¤ special
large-head studs welded to a steel strip ¬emIlrUbTI 17>9¦. kñúg]TahrN_enH dMeNaHEdl minéføedayeRbIEdkTb;kMlaMgkat;FmμtaRtUv)anTTYlykmkeRbI ¬rUbTI 17>9 f ¦. EdkTb;kM laMgkat;TTwgRtUv)andak;enAelIRCugTaMgbYnrbs;ssrxagkñúg ¬b¤bIRCugsMrab;ssrxageRkA¦ sMrab;RbEvg ad + ¬rUbTI 17>31¦. cMgay a RtUv)ankMNt;edayeGay uc VV =φ enAmux kat; ob EdlbgðajedayExSdac; nigsn μt;fa 6/' dbfV occ φφ = .
( ) ( )aacbo 2500424 +=+= ( ) 8700006/190250042875.0 =+× a
enATIenH cma 87= ehIy ( ) cmda 106=+ dUcenHyk cm110 .
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 507
4> KNnaEdkkMlaMgkat;TTwg³ ( ) kNVVV cus 3.1767.693870 =−=−= φφ
kNVs 235= sV sMrab;épÞmYyrbs;muxkat;eRKaHfñak; kN
Vs 75.584=
eRbI 10DB EdkkgGkSr U / 2157mmAv = ¬sMrab;eCIgBIr¦. KMlatKW syv VdfAs /= mm21358750/190420157 =××= . KMlatGtibrmKW mmd 952/1902/ == / yk
mms 90= . 5> karEbgEckEdkkg³ cMnYnEdkkgkñúgmYyRCugrbs;ssrKW 2.129/110 = b¤ 13kg.
cMgaysrubKW mm11709013 =× ¬rUbTI 17>31¦ ]TahrN_TI17>11³ Flat-Slab Floor System edayeRbIviFI direct design method KNnaRbePTkMralxNн flate slab xagkñúgEdlmanEt drop
panel ehIyvamanTMhM m65.7 × ¬rUbTI 17>32¦. RKb;kMralTaMgGs;RtUv)anRTedayssrTMhM cm5050× RbEvg m6.3 . kMralxNнRTnUvbnÞúkBRgayes μ IGefrKμanemKuN 2/8.4 mkN nigbnÞúkefr
K μanemKuN 2/15.1 mkN edayK μanrYmbBa©ÚlTMgn;pÞal;. eKeGay MPaf c 28' = nig MPaf y 420= ¬dMeNaHRsayKWRsedognwg]TahrN_TI 17>3¦. dMeNaHRsay³
1> kMNt;kMras;kMral nigkMral; drop panel a. RbEvg clear span KW m75.05.7 =− . sMrab;kMralxageRkA tMélGb,brmarbs;
33/nlh = cm2.21= b:uEnþkMralxagkñúg tMélGb,brmarbs; cmlh n 4.1936/ == . eRbIkMralxNнEdlmankMral cm20 kMras;TMlak;cuHBIeRkamkMralxNнKW cmh 54/ = dUcenHkMras; drop panel KW cm25 .
b. TMhMrbs; drop panel KW mL 25.16/5.76/ == sMrab;TisnImYy²BIGkS½rbs;TMrkñúgTis edAEvg nig m16/6 = enAkñúgTisedAxøI. dUcenHTMhMsrubrbs; drop panel KW m25.2 × ¬rUbTI 17>32¦.
2> KNnabnÞúkemKuN³ 2/15.6252.015.1load slab mkN=×+=
2/06.158.46.115.62.1 mkNWu =×+×=
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 508
2/4.72525.015.1load panel drop mkN=×+= 2/56.168.46.14.72.1 mkNWu =×+×=
edaysarEt drop panel manRbEvg 3/L kñúgTisnImYy² tMélmFüm 2/56.1556.16
3106.15
32 mkNWu =+=
3> RtYtBinitükMlaMgkat;BIrTis ¬enAcMgay 2/d BIépÞssr¦³ a. enAkñúg drop panel ³ cmd 2.228.0225 =−−=
( ) cmbo 8.2882.22504 =+= ( )[ ] kNVu 692722.065.756.15 2 =−×= ( ) uocc VkNdbfV >=⋅×== − 1.84810222288828
375.0'
33φφ
b. enAkñúgkMral³ cmd 2.178.0220 =−−= ehIy ob RtUv)anvas;ecjBI drop panel
enAcMgay cm6.82/2.17 = . ( ) ( ) cmbo 8.9682.1720022.172502 =+++=
[ ] kNVu 9.609172.2672.265.756.15 =×−×= ( ) uocc VkNdbfV >=⋅×== − 220410172968828
375.0'
33φφ
c. kMlaMgkat;mYyTisminmaneRKaHfñak;. 4> KNnam:Um:g;sþaTicsrubenAkñúgTisEvg nigTisxøI
22
/8.57187656.15 mkNM ol =
×=
22
/3.4418
5.55.756.15 mkNM os =×
= TTwgrbs;cMerokelIssrkñúgTisnImYy²KW cm300
2600
= b:uEnþTTwgrbs;cMerokkNþal KW cm300 kñúgTisedAEvg nig cm450 kñúgTisedAxøI.
5> KNnam:Um:g; nigsrésEdkRtUv)anbgðajtarag 17>11. eRbIkMBs;RbsiT§PaBmFüm mmd 21040250 =−= sMrab;cMerokelIssr nig mmd 16040200 =−=
sMrab;cMerokkNþal. karBRgaysrésEdklMGitmanlkçN³RsedogKñakñúg]TahrN_ flat
plate.
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 509
tarag 17>11> karKNnaRbBn§½kMral flat slab xagkñúg TisEvg
mkNM ol .8.571= cMerokelIssr cMerokkNþal emKuNm:Um:g; oM49.0− oM21.0 oM16.0− oM14.0
).( mkNM u -280.2 120.0 -91.5 80.0
TTwgcMerok )(mmb 3000 3000 3000 3000
kMBs;RbsiT§PaB )(mmd 210 160 160 160
)(2 MPabdM
R uu = 2.12 1.56 1.19 1.04
PaKryEdk (%)ρ 0.59 0.43 0.32 0.28
)( 2= mmbdAs ρ 3717 2064 1536 1344
)(0018.0(min) 2mmbhA ss = 1350 1080 1080 1080
EdkEdleRCIserIs ¬Rtg;¦ 19DB16 11DB16 14DB12 12DB
TisxøI mkNM os .3.441= cMerokelIssr cMerokkNþal
emKuNm:Um:g; oM49.0− oM21.0 oM16.0− oM14.0 ).( mkNM u -216.2 92.7 -70.6 61.8
TTwgcMerok )(mmb 3000 3000 4500 4500
kMBs;RbsiT§PaB )(mmd 210 160 160 160
)(2 MPabdM
R uu = 1.63 1.21 0.61 0.54
PaKryEdk (%)ρ 0.45 0.33 0.16 0.14
)( 2= mmbdAs ρ 2835 1584 1152 1008
)(0018.0(min) 2mmbhA ss = 1350 1080 1620 1620
EdkEdleRCIserIs ¬Rtg;¦ 15DB16 15DB12 15DB12 15DB12
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 510
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 511
11> kMralxNн Waffle Waffle Slabs
RbBn§½kMralxNн waffle slab BIrTispSMeLIgedayrnUtebtugEdlFm μtaRbsBVKñaCamMuEkg. kM ralxNнenHGacsagsg;edayK μanFñwm EdlkñúgkrNIenHk,alssrtan;RtUv)aneFVIenAelIssredIm,Ikar BarkarpugEdlbNþalBIkMlaMgkat;. FñwmTUlayk¾GacRtUv)aneRbIenAeLIGkS½ssrsMrab;kMBs;esμ I. Bum<canEdkragkaer b¤ fiberglass pan RtUv)aneRbICaTUeTAedIm,IbegáItRTnug. kMralxNнesþIgkMras;
mm75 eTA mm125 RtUv)ancak;CamYyRTnugedIm,IbegáItCa waffle slab. kMralnImYy²RtUv)anEbgEckCacMerokelIssr nigcMerokkNþþal. cMerokelIssrrYmbBa©ÚlRT nugTaMgGs;EdlCab;eTAnwgk,alssrtan; ehIycMerokkNþalsßitenAcenøaHcMerokelIssr. EdkRtg; b¤EdkBt;GacRtUv)aneRbICaEdkBRgwgenAkñúg waffle slab. karKNna waffle slab BIrTismanlkçN³ RsedogKñanwgkarKNna flat slabEdr edayKitk,alssrtan;Ca drop panel. edIm,IkarBarkMlaMgTaj FMenAkñúgk,alssr eKRtUveRbITMhMssrFMRKb;RKan; b¤dak; shear cap. kñúgkarKNna waffle slab kMralxagelI nigrnUtnImYy²begáItCamuxkat;GkSret Edles μ IkMBs; kñúg flat plate. dUcenH ElVgEvgEdlRTbnÞúkF¶n;GacRtUv)anKNnaCamYynwgkarsnSMsMécebtug)aneRcIn. kMral waffle slab k¾)anpþl;nUvBidand¾KYreGayTak;Taj Edl)anBIkarelcecjnUvRTnug b¤edaykar lMGrePøIg. kMralsþg;darénBum<canEdlRtUv)aneRbICaTUeTAenAkñúg waffle slab GacsßitenAkñúgCMerIsBIr xageRkam³
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 512
1> Bum<cankaerTMhM cmcm 7575 × CamYynwgkMras;kMral mm75 nigTTwgrnUt mm150 manKM
lat cm90 KitBIGkS½. sþg;darRbePTenH mankMBs;ERbRbYlBI mm200 eTA mm500 eday ekIneLIgmþg mm50 . eyagtam]TahrN_TI17>12 nigrUbTI 17>33.
2> Bum<cankaerTMhM cmcm 4848 × CamYynwgkMras;kMral mm75 nigTTwgrnUt mm125 manKM lat cm60 KitBIGkS½. sþg;RbePTenH mankMBs;ERbRbYlBI mm150 eTA mm300 eday ekIneLIgmþg mm50 . B’t½manepSg²BIkMralRtUv)anbgðajenAkñúgtarag 17>12.
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 513
tarag 17>12 lkçN³muxkat;
sMrab;rnUt ¬Bum<canTMhM cmcm 7575 × ¦ kMralxagelI
( )mm kMBs;rnUt
)(mm maDxül;
( )panmm /10 36×
RkLaépÞ ( )2410 mm×
cgY
( )mm gI
( )4810 mm×
75 200 107.4 10.09 81.91 5.45 75 250 132.7 11.04 98.58 9.02 75 300 157.4 12.02 116.54 13.85 75 350 181.4 13.05 135.4 20.08 75 400 204.9 14.12 155 27.88 75 500 250 16.39 195.7 48.8 115 200 107.4 13.69 95.12 8.25 115 250 132.7 14.64 109.4 12.89 115 300 157.4 15.62 141.8 19.06 115 350 181.4 16.65 141.8 26.95 115 400 204.9 17.72 159.45 36.72 115 500 250 19.99 196.88 62.59
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 514
sMrab;rnUt ¬Bum<canTMhM cmcm 4848 × ¦ 75 150 32 6.56 72.14 2.31 75 250 42.01 7.33 89.11 4.25 75 250 51.57 8.15 107.57 7.03 75 300 60.75 90 127.08 10.78 115 150 32 8.96 87.47 3.84 115 250 42.01 9.73 102.21 6.44 115 250 51.57 10.55 118.53 10.08 115 300 60.75 11.4 136.12 14.91
]TahrN_TI17>12³ Waffle Slab KNnaRbBn§½kMralxNн waffle floor EdlpSMeLIgedaykMralkaerK μanFñwmedayKitnUvTinñn½yxagRkam ¬rUbTI 17>33¦³
RbEvgElVgedayKitBIGkS½ssreTAGkS½ssr= m10 TTwgrnUt = mm150 manKMlat mm900 BIGkS½eTAGkS½ kMBs;rnUt = mm350 kMras;kMralxNн = mm75 TMhMssr = mm500500× bnÞúkefr ¬minrYmbBa©ÚlbnÞúkpÞal;¦= 2/4.2 mkN bnÞúkGefr= 2/8.4 mkN MPaf c 35' = MPaf y 420=
dMeNaHRsay³ 1> KNnakMras;Gb,brmarbs;kMralxNнedayeRbItarag 17>1³ 30/min nlh = / 5.010 −=nl
m5.9= / mh 317.030/5.9min == sMrab;kMralxagkñúg ehIy mlh n 288.033/min == sMrab;kMralxagkñúg. smIkar !&>! nig !&>@ GacRtUv)aneRbI. edaysn μt;kMBs;srub mm425 EdlrYmmankMralkMras; mm75 nigrnUtkMBs; mm350 .
2> KNnabnÞúkEdlmanGMeBIenAelI waffle floor ³ a. bnÞúkemKuNénEpñktan;enAelIssr 2/75.1225425.02.1 mkN=××= b. maDxül;rbs;rnUtkMBs; mm350 KW 36104.181 mm⋅ elIRkLaépÞ 2900900 mm× .
TMgn;srubrbs;épÞ 2810000mm KW ( ) kN89.410104.1814251081252.1 964 =⋅⋅−×⋅× −
b¤TMgn;kñúg 21m KW 2/89.4 mkN
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 515
c. bnÞúkefrbEnßmemKuNnigbnÞúkGefremKuNKW 2/56.108.46.14.22.1 mkN=×+× . bnÞúkBRgayes μ IemKuNenAelIépÞtan; 2/5.2331.2375.1256.10 mkNwu ≈=+= bnÞúkBRgayenAemKuNenAelIépÞelIrnUt 2/5.1545.1589.456.10 mkNwu ≈=+=
d. bnÞúkenAelImYykMral ¬eyagtamrUbTI 17>34¦³ enAelIépÞtan; mkNW /8.1834.65.156.35.23 =×+×=
enAelIépÞelIrnUt mkNW /155105.15 =×= 3> KNnakMlaMgkat; nigm:Um:g;sþaTicsrub³
kNVu 89.7802.315555.18.183)column of faceat ( =×+×= mkNM o .2.1783
22.3155975.355.18.18375.489.780)midspanat (
2=−××−×=
4> RtYtBinitükMlaMgkat;pug ¬eyagtamrUbTI 17>35¦³ a. enAkñúgépÞtan;enAcMgay 2/d BIépÞssr mmh 425= / mmd 39530425 =−= /
mmc 500)column( = / ( ) mmbo 35803955004 =+= / kNVu 9.1634895.05.236.38.1834.6155 2 =×−×+×= nig
( ) uocc VkNdbfV >=×== 19523/39535803575.03/'φφ b. enAkñúgépÞelIrnUtenAcMgay 2/d BIRCugrbs;épÞtan;. kMras;kMralKW mm75 . yk
mmd 60= enaH ( ) mmbo 154406038004 =+=
kNVu 1304860.35.236.38.1834.6155 2 =×−×+×= ( ) uocc VkNdbfV >=×== 13703/60154403575.03/'φφ
5> KNnam:Um:g; nigsrésEdk a. kMralxageRkA³ mkNM o .2.1783=
m:Um:g;GviC¢manxageRkA mkNM o .6.46326.0 −== m:Um:g;viC¢man mkNM o .3.92752.0 == m:Um:g;GviC¢manxagkñúg mkNM o .2.12487.0 −==
b. kMralxagkñúg³ mkNM o .2.1783= m:Um:g;GviC¢man mkNM o .1.115965.0 −== m:Um:g;viC¢man mkNM o .1.62435.0 ==
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 516
karlMGItBIkarKNnaRtUv)anbgðajenAkñúgtaragTI 17>13 nigrUbTI 17>36. cMNaMfa PaKryEdkTaMgGs;tUc ehIy 9.0=φ
6> KNna unbalanced moment enAkñúgssr nigRtYtBinitükMlaMgkat;sMrab; uV nig vM dUckñúg]TahrN_TI 17>8 nig 17>9.
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 517
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 518
tarag 17>13> karKNnakMral waffle slab xagkñúg nigxageRkA ¬rnUt 5enAkñúgcMerokelIssr nigrnUt 6enAkñúgcMerokkNþal¦
cMerokelIssr cMerokkNþal kMralxageRkA xageRkA
M− M± xagkñúg
M− M− M±
emKuNm:Um:g; 100 60 75 25 40
).( mkNM u 463.6 556.4 936.2 312 370.9
TTwgcMerok )(mmb 3800 5000 3800 900 (6 ribs) 5000
kMBs;RbsiT§PaB )(mmd 395 395 395 395 395
)(2 MPabdM
R uu = 0.78 0.71 1.58 2.22 0.48
PaKryEdk (%)ρ 0.21 0.19 0.43 0.61 0.13
)( 2= mmbdAs ρ 3152 3753 6454 2169 2567
)(0018.0(min) 2mmbhA ss = 2907 765/rib 2907 688.5 637.5/rib
EdkEdleRCIserIs ¬Rtg;¦ 11DB20 2DB25/rib 21DB20 7DB20 2DB22/rib
cMerokelIssr cMerokkNþal kMralxagkñúg xageRkA
M− M± xagkñúg M− M− M±
emKuNm:Um:g; - 60 75 25 40
).( mkNM u - 374.5 869.3 289.8 249.6
TTwgcMerok )(mmb - 5000 3800 900 (6 ribs) 5000
kMBs;RbsiT§PaB )(mmd - 395 395 395 395
)(2 MPabdM
R uu = - 0.48 1.47 2.06 0.32
PaKryEdk (%)ρ - 0.13 0.40 0.57 0.09
)( 2= mmbdAs ρ - 2567 6004 2026 1777.5
)(0018.0(min) 2mmbhA ss = - 765/rib 2907 688.5 637.5/rib
EdkEdleRCIserIs ¬Rtg;¦ - 2DB25/rib 20DB20 7DB20 2DB22/rib
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 519
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 520
12> viFIeRKagsmmUl Equivalent Frame Method
enAeBlEdlRbBn§½kMralxNнBIrTismineKarBtamkarkMNt;rbs; direct design method m:Um:g; KNnaRtUv)ankMNt;edayviFI equivalent method. enAkñúgviFIenH GKarRtUv)anEckCaeRKagsmmUltam BIrTis nigbnÞab;mkviPaKeRKagkñúgsßanPaBeGLasÞicsMrab;RKb;lkçxNÐénkardak;bnÞúk. PaBxusKñarvag viFITaMgBIrsßitenAelIviFIénkarKNnam:Um:g;tambeNþayrbs;ElVg. tMrUvkarsMrab;karKNnaRtUv)anBnül; dUcxageRkam³
k> karBiBN_naBIeRKagsmmUl³ eRKagsmmUlCaeRKagGKarkñúgbøg; ¬BIrTMhM¦ EdlTTYl)an edaykarkat;GKarkñúglMhM ¬bITMhM¦tambeNþayExSkNþalElVgcenøaHssr ¬rUbTI 17>4¦. eRKagsmmUlEdlTTYl)anRtUv)anBicarNadac;edayELkenAkñúgTisbeNþay nigTisTTwg rbs;GKar. sMrab;bBaÄr kMralnImYy²RtUv)anviPaKdac;edayELk edaysnμt;cugsagelI nig cugxageRkamrbs;ssrRtUv)ansnμt;fabgáb;. kMral-Fñwm (slab-beam) RtUv)ansn μt;fabgáb; enARtg;TMrkMralBIrEdlQmnwgTMrEdleYigRtUvBicarNa BieRBaHbnÞúkbBaÄrcUlrYmCamYym:Um:g; tictYcenARtg;tMNrenaH. sMrab;bnÞúkedk eRKagsmmUlpSMeLIgedaykMralTaMgGs;sMrab; kMBs;TaMgmUlrbs;GKar edaysarkMlaMgenAkMralnImYy²CaGnuKmn_énbnÞúkedkenARKb;kM ralBIelInIv:UEdlRtUvBicarNa. karviPaKeRKagk¾GaceFVIeLIgedaykmμviFIkMuBüÚTr½.
x> karsnμt;bnÞúk³ enAeBlpleFob service live load nig service dead load tUcCagb¤esμ Inwg 75.0 KMrUénkardak;bnÞúk pattern loading RtUv)aneRbIedayBicarNanUvlkçxNÐxageRkam³ - manEt %75 énbnÞúkefremKuNTaMgmUlGacRtUv)aneRbIsMrab;karviPaK. - m:Um:g;Bt;GviC¢manGtibrmaenAkñúgkMralRtg;TMrRtUv)anTTYledaykardak;bnÞúúkEtelIkM
ralxNнBIrEdlCab;Kña. - m:Um:g;viC¢manGtibrmaenAEk,rkNþalElVgRtUv)anTTYledaykardak;bnÞúkEtenAelIElVg
qøas;. - m:Um:g;KNnaminRtUvtUcCagm:Um:g;KNnaEdlekIteLIgedaykardak;bnÞúkemKuNeBjelIkM
ral (ACI Code, Sectoion 13.7.6). - m:Um:g;GviC¢maneRKaHfñak;RtUv)anBicarNaeGaymanGMeBIenARtg;épÞssrctuekaN b¤enA
Rtg;ssrkaersmmUlEdlmanRkLaépÞdUcKñasMrab;muxkat;minEmnctuekaNEkg.
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 521
K> m:Um:g;niclPaBkMral-Fñwm³ ACI CodekMNt;fakarERbRbYlm:Um:g;niclPaBtamGkS½beNþay ssr nigFñwmkMralRtUv)anykmkKitkñúgkarviPaKeRKag. tMbn;eRKaHfñak;sßitenAcenøaHExS GkS½ssr nigépÞssr/ bracket b¤ capital. tMbn;enHRtUv)anBicarNaCamuxkat;Rkas;énkM ralxNн. edIm,IBicarNakMBs;d¾FMrbs;ssr nigkarkat;bnßyTTwg\T§iBlrbs;vaEdlCab;nwg FñwmkMral ACI Code, Section 13.7.3.3kMNt;fam:Um:g;niclPaBrbs;FñwmkMralrvagGkS½ ssr nwgépÞTMrRtUv)ansnμt;esμ InwgFñwmkMralenARtg;épÞssredayEcknwgtMél ( )2221 lc− Edl 2c CaTTwgssrkñúgTisedATTwg nig 2l CaTTwgrbs;FñwmkMral. RkLaépÞrbs;muxkat; TaMgmUlGacRtUv)aneRbIedIm,IKNnam:Um:g;niclPaBrbs;FñwmkMral.
X> m:Um:g;niclPaBrbs;ssr³ ACI Code, Section 13.7.4 bgðajfam:Um:g;niclPaBrbs;ssr RtUv)ansn μt;faesμ IGnnþBIépÞxagelIrbs;kMraleTA)atrbs; column capital b¤FñwmkMral ¬rUbTI 17>37¦.
g> PaBrwgRkajrbs;ssr ecK RtUv)ankMNt;eday
tcec KKK111
+=∑
¬!&>!&¦
Edl ∑ cK CaplbUkPaBrwgRkajrbs;ssrxagelI nigssrxageRkamenARtg;cugrbs;va ∑
⎟⎟⎠
⎞⎜⎜⎝
⎛−
= 3
2
22 1
9
lcl
CEK es
t ¬!&>!(¦
⎟⎟⎠
⎞⎜⎜⎝
⎛⎟⎟⎠
⎞⎜⎜⎝
⎛−= ∑ 3
63.013 yx
yxC ¬!&>@0¦
c> m:Um:g;ssr³ enAkñúgkarviPaKeRKag m:Um:g;EdlkMNt;sMrab;ssrsmmUl enAcugxagelIssr eRkamkMral nigenA)atssrelIkMralRtUv)aneRbIkñúgkarKNnassr.
q> m:Um:g;GviC¢manenAelITMr³ ACI Code, Section 13.7.7 bgðajfasMrab;ssrxagkñúg m:Um:g;GviC¢ manemKuNRtUv)anykenARtg;épÞssr b¤épÞ capital b:uEnþenAcMgayminFMCag 11175.0 l BI GkS½ssr. sMrab;ssrxageRkA m:Um:g;GviC¢manemKuNRtUv)anykmkKitenARtg;muxkat;Edl sßitenABak;kNþalcMgayrvagépÞssr nigEKmrbs;TMr. ssrmuxkat;mUlRtUv)anKitCassr kaerEdlmanmuxkat;es μ IKña.
C> plbUkm:Um:g;³ RbBn§½kMralxNнBIrTisEdleKarBtamkarkMNt;rbs;viFI direct design
method k¾GacRtUv)anviPaKedayviFI equivalent frame method . edIm,IFanafaviFITaMgBIr
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 522
pþl;nUvlT§pldUcKña ACI Code, Section 13.7.7 bgðajfam:Um:g;EdlkMNt;edayviFI equivalent frame method GacRtUv)ankat;bnßyedaysmamaRtEdlplbUkénm:Um:g;viC¢man nigm:Um:g;GviC¢manenAkñúgkarKNnaminRtUvFMCagm:Um:g;sþaTicsrub oM .
]TahrN_TI17>13³ edayeRbIviFI equivalent frame method viPaKeRKagKMrUxagkñúgénRbBn§½kMral flate plate EdleGayenA kñúg]TahrN_TI 17>3 EtkñúgTisedAEvg. RbBn§½kMralpSMeLIgedaykMralbYnkñúgTisedAnImYy² Edl kMralnImYy²manTMhM m65.7 × . kMralnImYy²RtUv)anRTedayssrTMhM cm5050× RbEvg m6.3 . Service live load KW 2/8.3 mkN Service dead load KW 2/6 mkN ¬edayrYmbBa©ÚlTaMgTMgn;pÞal; rbs;kMral¦. eKeGay MPaf c 21' = / MPaf y 420= . FñwmxagminRtUv)aneRbI. ¬rUbTI 17>38¦ dMeNaHRsay³
1> kMras;kMralxNн cm25 RtUv)aneRCIserIs dUcEdlBnül;kñúg]TahrN_TI 17>3. 2> bnÞúkemKuNKW 2/28.138.36.162.1 mkNwu =×+×=
pleFob Service dead load elI Service live load KW 75.063.06/8.3 <= . dUcenHeRKag GacRtUvKNnaCamYynwgkarbnÞúkemKuN uw eGaymanGMeBIRKb;kMralCMnYseGaykarBRgay bnÞúktamKMrUénkardak;bnÞúk.
3> kMNt;PaBrwgRkajrbs;kMral sK ³
s
ss l
EIkK =
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 523
Edl k CaemKuNPaBrwgRkaj nig 43
332 1081.7
1225.06
12m
hlI s
s−⋅=
×==
emKuNPaBrwgRkajGacRtUv)ankMNt;edayviFI column analogy method
EdlRtUv)anBnül;enAkñúgesovePAviPaKrcnasm<n½§ (structural analysis). edayKitfam:Um:g;niclPaBsMrab;kMral sI esμ Inwg 0.1 dUckñúgrUb m:Um:g;niclPaBrvagGkS½ssr nigépÞssrKW
19.1
60005001
0.1
1
0.122
2
2
=
⎟⎠⎞
⎜⎝⎛ −
=
⎟⎟⎠
⎞⎜⎜⎝
⎛−
lc
TTwgén analogous column ERbRbYlCamYy I/1 dUcbgðajenAkñúgrUbTI 17>38 b ³ 19.1/1 84.0=
emKuNPaBrwgRkajkMral ⎟⎟⎠
⎞⎜⎜⎝
⎛+=
aa IMc
Alk 11 ¬!&>#@¦
Edl =aA RkLaépÞénmuxkat; analogous column
=aI m:Um:g;niclPaBrbs; analogous column
=M m:Um:g;EdlekItBIbnÞúkÉktþaenAsrésxageRkAbMputén analogous column
EdlenAGkS½rbs;kMral.
20.1 1lM ×=
42.742.0784.025.027 =+=××+=aA centerline about the portion) end of()7m ofportion slabfor ( IIIa +=
1.342250.075.342.0
127 23
=⎟⎠⎞
⎜⎝⎛ −+=aI
edayecalm:Um:g;niclPaBénGgát;xøIxagcugeFobnwgTIRbCMuTMgn;rbs;va. emKuNPaBrwgRkaj 1.409.301.1
1.3475.375.31
42.715.7 =+=⎥⎦
⎤⎢⎣⎡ ××
+=k
emKuN carryover 507.01.4
01.109.3=
−=
dUcenH PaBrwgRkajrbs;kMralxNнKW EEKs3
31027.4
5.71081.71.4 −
−⋅=
⋅×=
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 524
4> kMNt;PaBrwgRkajrbs;ssr/ cK ³
2' ×⎟⎟⎠
⎞⎜⎜⎝
⎛=
c
cc l
EIkK
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 525
sMrab;ssrenABIelI nigBIeRkamkMral. ='k emKuNPaBrwgRkajrbs;ssr mlc 6.3= 43
4102.5
125.0 mIc
−⋅== emKuNPaBrwgRkaj 'k GacRtUv)ankMNt;dUcxageRkam³
⎟⎟⎠
⎞⎜⎜⎝
⎛+=
aac I
McA
lk 1'
sMrab;ssr 2/clc = nig ( ) 220.1 cc llM == 35.325.06.3 =−=−= sca hlA ( )
133.31235.3
12
33==
−= sc
ahl
I
8.4133.3
8.18.135.316.3' =⎟
⎠⎞
⎜⎝⎛ ×
+=k
EEKc 0139.026.3
102.58.43
=⋅
=−
enAkñúg flat-plate floor system PaBrwgRkajrbs;ssr cK GacRtUv)anKNnaedaypÞal; dUcxageRkam ( ) ( )3
23
cc
cc
sc
c
c
c
hllI
hlI
EK
−+
−= ¬!&>##¦
5> KNnaPaBrwgRkajTb;karrmYl tK rbs;kMralenARtg;épÞrbs;ssr
32
2 1
9
⎟⎟⎠
⎞⎜⎜⎝
⎛−
= ∑
c
cst
lc
l
CRK ehIy ∑ ⎟⎟
⎠
⎞⎜⎜⎝
⎛−=
363.01
3 yxyxC
enAkñúg]TahrN_enH mmx 250= ¬kMras;kMralxNн¦ nig mmy 500= ¬TTWgssr¦ emIlrUbTI 17>17.
433
1042.33
5.025.05.025.063.01 mC −⋅=⎟
⎟⎠
⎞⎜⎜⎝
⎛ ×⎟⎠⎞
⎜⎝⎛ +=
EE
K cst
33
31066.6
65.016
1042.39 −−
⋅=
⎟⎠⎞
⎜⎝⎛ −
⋅=
sMrab;kMralxNнBIrCab;Kña EEKt33 1032.131066.62 −− ⋅=⋅×=
6> KNnaPaBrwgRkajssrsmmUl/ ecK ³
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 526
EEKKK tcec31032.13
10139.0
1111−⋅
+=+=∑
EKec3108.6 −⋅=
7> emKuNEbgEckm:Um:g; (D.F) ³ - sMrab;tMNxageRkA
386.0108.61027.4
1027.4)slab(. 33
3=
⋅+⋅
⋅=
+=
−−
−
ecs
sKK
KFD
( ) 614.0columns. ==∑KK
FD ec
ssrxagelI nigssrxageRkamkMralxNнmanPaBrwgRkajdUcKña dUcenH emKuNEbgEck 614.0 RtUv)anEckes μ IKñarvagssrTaMgBIr EdlmYy²TTYl)an D.F= 307.02/614.0 = .
- sMrab;tMNxagkñúg 278.0
108.61027.421027.4)slab(. 33
3=
⋅+⋅×
⋅=
+=
−−
−
ecs
sKK
KFD
( ) 444.0108.61027.42
108.6columns. 33
3=
⋅+⋅×
⋅==
−−
−
∑KK
FD ec
ssrmYy²man D.F= 222.02/444.0 = .
8> m:Um:g;cugbgáb;³ edaysar LDLL ./. tUcCag 0.75 m:Um:g;emKuNTaMgmUlRtUv)ansnμt;faman GMeBIelIElVgTaMgGs;.
212 )moment endFixed (Llk"wu=−
emKuN "k GacRtUv)ankMNt;eday column analogy method ³ sMrab;bnÞúkÉktþa mkNw /1= enAelIbeNþayElVg m5.7 düaRkamm:Um:g;Bt;samBaØRtUv)anbgðajenAkñúgrUbTI 17>38 b . RkLaépÞénm:Um:g;Bt; edayBicarNabMErbMrYlm:Um:g;niclPaBtambeNþayElVgKW RkLaépÞsrub ( ) 321 2AAAAm ++=
( ) 98.3484.091.025.021291.0791.077
32
=⎟⎠⎞
⎜⎝⎛ ××+×+−×=
emKuNm:Um:;g;bgáb;cug 21lA
A
a
m=
Edl aA sMrab;kMralxNнKW 42.7 dUcEdl)anKNnaenAkñúgCMhanTI 3. 0838.0
5.742.798.34" 2 =×
=k
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 527
eyIgeXIjfaemKuNm:Um:g;bgáb;cug 0838.0"=k mantMélEk,rnwgemKuN 833.012/1 = Edl eRbICaTUeTAedIm,IKNnam:Um:g;bgáb;rbs;Fñwm. eK)anrMBwgTuknUvlT§plenH edaysarEpñkénElVg manm:Um:g;niclPaBERbRbYltUcenAkúñg flat plate EdlKμan column capital b¤ drop panel. enAkñúg flat plate EdlmanpleFobElVgelITTwgssrFMCag 20 enaHeKGacykemKuNm:Um:g;bgáb;cug
0833.0 mkeRbIedIm,IKNnam:Um:g;cugRbhak;RbEhl. m:Um:g;bgáb;cug ¬EdlbNþalBI 2/28.13 mkNwu = ¦ mkN.6.3755.7628.130838.0 2 =×××=
9> karEbgEckm:Um:g;GaceFVIeTA)ansMrab;Bak;kNþaleRKag edaysarvamanlkçN³sIuemRTI. enA eBlEdlm:Um:g;cugGviC¢manRtUv)ankMNt; m:Um:g;viC¢manenAkNþalElVgGacTTYl)anedaydktMélmFüménm:Um:g;cugGviC¢manBIm:Um:g;viC¢-manFñwmTMrsamBaØ. karEbgEckm:Um:g;RtUv)anbgðajenAkñúgrUbTI 17>39. m:Um:g;Bt; nigkMlaMg kat;TTwgcugeRkayRtUv)anbgðajenAkñúgrUbTI 17>40.
10> kMralxNнCagRtUv)anKNnasMrab;m:Um:g;GviC¢manenARtg;épÞssrdUcbgðajenAkñúgrUbTI 17>40.
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 528
]TahrN_TI17>14³ edayeRbIviFI direct design method edIm,IKNnakMral flate slab xagkñúgEdlman drop panel edIm,IRT bnÞúkefr 2/6.8 mkN nigbnÞúkGefr 2/11 mkN . RbBn§½kMralpSMeLIgedaykMralcMnYn ^ kñúgTisnImYy² EdlkMralmYy²manTMhM m4.56× . RKb;kMralTaMgGs;RtUv)anRTeday ssrEdlmanGgát;p©it m4.0 ehIy column capital manGgát;p©it m0.1 . kMBs;Can;KW m0.3 . eKeGay MPaf c 28' = nig
MPaf y 400=
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 529
dMeNaHRsay³
1> RKb;karkMNt;rbs; ACI edIm,IeRbI direct design method RtUv)anbMeBj. kMNt;kMras;kMral Gb,brma sh edayeRbIsmIkar !&>! nig !&>@. Ggát;p©itrbs; column capital esμ Inwg m0.1 .
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 530
muxkat;ssrkaersmmUlEdlmanRkLaépÞesμ IKñamanRCugesμInwg ( )22 500ππ =r mm885= b¤ mm900 .
m1.59.00.6direction) (longspan clear =−= m5.49.04.5direction)(short span clear =−=
edaysarFñwmminRtUv)aneRbI 0=fmα / 0.1=sβ nig 11.14.5/6 ==β BItarag !&>!/ kMras;Gb,brma mmlh ns 15533/1.533/ === b:uEnþedaysarman drop panel sh Gac RtUv)ankat;bnßy %10 RbsinebI drop panel latsn§wgcMgayy:agtic 6/l kñúgTisnImYy²BI GkS½rbs;TMr nigTMlak;cuHBIeRkamkMraly:agtic 4/sh . dUcenH eRbIkMras;kMral 1559.0 ×=sh
mm140= ehIyRbEvgbeNþay nigTTwgrbs; drop panel KW m
l2
30.6
3direction Long 1 ===
ml
8.134.5
3directionShort 2 ===
kMras;rbs; drop panel KW mmhs 17514025.125.1 =×= . begáInkMras;rbs; drop panel dl; mm220 edIm,Ipþl;nUvkMras;RKb;RKan;sMrab;kMlaMgkat;pug nigedIm,IecosvagnUvkareRbInUvPaKry
EdkFM. TMhMTaMgGs;RtUv)anbgðajenAkñúgrUbTI 17>41. 2> KNnabnÞúkemKuN
2/28116.16.82.1 mkNwu =×+×= 3> RtYtBinitükMlaMgkat;BIrTis. dMbUgenAkñúg drop panel ³ muxkat;eRKaHfñak;enAcMgay 2/d CMuvij
column capital. yk mmd 19030220 =−= . Ggát;p©itrbs;muxkat;rgkMlaMgkat;KW m19.119.01 =+
kNVu 87619.14
4.5628 2 =⎥⎦⎤
⎢⎣⎡ −×=
π
mbo 74.3219.12 =⎟
⎠⎞
⎜⎝⎛= π
uocc VkNdbfV >=×××
=×= 9301903740281000
33.075.0'33.0φφ bnÞab;mkeTotepÞógpÞat;kMlaMgkat;BIrTisenAkñúgkMralxNн. muxkat;eRKaHfñak;KWsßitenAcMgay
2/d BIeRkA drop panel
( ) mmd 11030140slab =−=
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 531
RkLaépÞeRKaHfñak; ( )( ) 203.411.08.111.02 m=++= ( ) mbo 04.891.111.22 =+= ( ) kNVu 79403.44.5628 =−×=
uc VkNV >=×××
= 11581108040281000
33.075.0φ
kMlaMgkat;mYyTismineRKaHfñak;eT. 4> KNnam:Um:g;sþaTicsrubenAkñúgTisEvg nigTisxøI³
mkNllw
M nu
ol .6.4911.54.5828
822
12 =×==
mkNllw
M nu
os .2.4255.46828
822
21 =×== edaysar 12 ll < TTwgrbs;cMerokelIssrkñúgTisedAEvgKW ( ) m7.24.525.02 =× . TTwgcM erokelIssrkñúgTisedAxøIKW m7.2 . edaysn μt;Ggát;p©itEdk mm12 ehIyEdkkñúgTisedAxøI sßitenABIelIEdkkñúgTisedAEvg enaHkMBs;RbsiT§PaBkñúgTisedAxøIKWtUcCagkMBs;RbsiT§PaBkñúg TisedAEvgRbEhl mm10 . tMélrbs; d nigdMeNIrkarKNnaRtUv)anbgðajenAkñúgtarag 17>14. RbEvgGb,brmarbs;EdkEdl)aneRCIserIsRtUveKarBtamRbEvgtMrUvkarrbs; ACI
Code Edl)anbgðajenAkñúgrUbTI 17>16. cMNaMfaPaKryEdkTaMgGs;tUcCag maxρ . dUcenH 9.0=φ .
5> PaBrwgRkajrbs;ssrKW 782.0
116.8
L.LD.Lratio == ehIy 11.1
2
1 =ll
kMNt; 15.111.1782.0
1min =
×=α
viFIRbhak;RbEhlRtUv)aneRbIenATIenHedIm,IkMNt;PaBrwg Rkajrbs;ssrCamYynwg capital
rbs;va.
sI ¬m:Um:g;niclPaBrbs;kMralkñúgTisxøI¦ 463
10137212
1406000 mm×==
ccsc
s EE
lIE
K 36
2101016
540010137244
⋅=⋅×
==
cI ¬sMrab;ssrmUlEdlmanGgát;p©it mm400 ¦ ( ) 4644
1012574006464
mmD
⋅===ππ
cc
c
ccc E
El
IEK 3
6101676
300010125744
⋅=⋅×
==
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 532
tarag 17>14 karKNnaénkMral flat plate xagkñúgEdlman drop panel TisEvg mkNoM .6.491=
mkNoMnM .5.31965.0 −=−=
mkNoMpM .1.17235.0 +=+= cMerokelIssr cMerokkNþal
emKuNm:Um:g; nM75.0− pM60.0 nM25.0− pM40.0 ).( mkNM u -239.6 103.3 -79.9 68.8
TTwgcMerok )(mmb 190 110 110 110
kMBs;RbsiT§PaB )(mmd 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7
)(2
MPabd
MR u
u = 2.46 3.16 2.44 2.10
PaKryEdk (%)ρ 0.71 0.93 0.7 0.6
)( 2= mmbdAs ρ 3642 2762 2079 1782
)(0018.0(min) 2mmbhA ss = 1070 680 680 680
EdkEdleRCIserIs ¬Rtg;¦ 18DB16 14DB16 20DB12 16DB12
KMlat )(mm 150 193 135 170
TisxøI mkNM o .2.425= mkNMM on .4.27665.0 −=−=
mkNMM op .8.14835.0 +== cMerokelIssr cMerokkNþal
emKuNm:Um:g; nM75.0− pM60.0 nM25.0− pM40.0 ).( mkNM u -207.3 89.3 -69.1 59.5
TTwgcMerok )(mmb 180 100 100 100
kMBs;RbsiT§PaB )(mmd 2.7 2.7 3.3 3.3
)(2
MPabd
MR u
u = 2.37 3.30 2.10 1.80
PaKryEdk (%)ρ 0.69 1.00 0.60 0.50
)( 2= mmbdAs ρ 3353 2700 1980 1650
)(0018.0(min) 2mmbhA ss = 1070 680 680 680
EdkEdleRCIserIs ¬Rtg;¦ 18DB16 14DB16 18DB12 16DB12
KMlat )(mm 150 195 185 205
T.Chhay NPIC
karKNnakMralxNнBIrTis 533
pleFobrvagPaBrwgRkajrbs;ssrnigPaBrwgRkajrbs;kMral 65.1
101016101676
3
3=
⋅
⋅==
s
cKK
EdlFMCag 15.1min =α . RbsinebI sI kñúgTisEvgRtUv)aneRbI pleFobénPaBrwgRkajssr elIPaBrwgRkajkMralEdl)anKNnanwgFMCag 65.1 . dUcenHssrKWRKb;RKan;.
6> kMNt; balanced moment enAkñúgssr nigRtYtBinitükugRtaMgkMlaMgkat;enAkñúgkMral dUc Edl)anBnül;enAkñúg]TahrN_TI 17>8 nig 17>9.
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