World War II (WWII) 1939-1945. Lets finish WWII Vocab Please get out your WWII vocab sheets from...

World War II (WWII)

1939-1945

Lets finish WWII Vocab

• Please get out your WWII vocab sheets from last class and continue working on the definitions and sentences.

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Causes of WWII

1) Political and Economic Conditions in Europe

2) Rise of Fascism

Political and Economic conditions

• Political instability and economic devastation in Europe resulted from World War I.–Worldwide depression–High war debt owed by Germany–High Inflation –Massive unemployment

The German hyperinflation 1919-1923

The value of money decreased because so much was being printed

• In 1914:1 US dollar = 4.2 Marks

• In 1923: 1 US dollar = 4.2 Rentenmarks

Which is 4,200,000,000,000 Marks

Rise of Fascism• Fascism is a political philosophy in which:– Total power is given to a dictator– Individual freedoms are denied– Nationalism and (often) racism are emphasized

• Fascist dictators included:Adolf Hitler (Germany)Benito Mussolini (Italy)Hideki Tojo (Japan) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a2YEUhHFMHY&feature=related

Adolf HitlerGerman Dictator 1933-1945

Was leader of a fascist group commonly called the Nazi Party.Once he became Chancellor in 1933 he changed Germany to a Totalitarian form of government. He ruled until his death in 1945

Benito MussoliniItalian Dictator 1922 - 1943

Was a Fascist Italian dictator. The King of Italy placed him into power in 1922 and Mussolini banned all other political parties. He Remained in power until the King fired him in 1943.

Operation Oak• The King of Italy fired Mussolini in September Of 1943. Mussolini was Sent to an Italian prison.German paratroopers Tracked him down and Broke into the prison and Freed him. They took him To safety in Germany. Hitler ordered the rescue.

Hideki TojoJapanese Prime Minister

1941-1944

Was appointed Prime Minister by the Emperor of Japan, Emperor Hirohito. Prior to his appointment, he was the General of the Japanese Imperial Army. Was tried and found guilty after the war for various War crimes.

WWII Allies vs. AxisAllies

• United States• Canada• Great Britain• Soviet Union

Axis• Germany• Italy• Japan

Allied powers• The Democratic nations of the United

States, Great Britain, and Canada were known as the Allies

• The Soviet Union, at first was in an alliance with Germany, but later joined the Allies after being attacked and invaded by Germany

United States PresidentsFranklin D. Roosevelt

1933-1945Harry Truman

1945-1953

•

The United States WWII Presidents

• FDR was President of the United States throughout the war until his death on April 12, 1945

• FDR’s successor was Vice President Harry Truman

• As President, Truman authorized the use of the Atomic bombs to end the war with Japan

Winston ChurchillBritish Prime Minister

1 1940-1945 & 1951-1955

Was one of the most popular Prime Ministers ever in Great Britain. After France fell, Britain was temporarily alone in fighting against Germany. After the United States entered, he famously declared “We have won the war!”

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tq_Rsb8KoKo&feature=related&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1

Joseph StalinSoviet Union Dictator

Approx: 1928-1953

Had participated in the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917

After Lenin's death, he conspired against all of his own political comrades until he gained complete power.

He signed an alliance with Germany, however the Nazi’s surprise attacked the USSR in June 1941. Stalin then switched sides to the Allies.

Propaganda poster project• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EV65XRN1lU0&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode

=1

• Your turn to make a Propaganda poster or Movie poster.

• MUST HAVE WWII THEME• Absolutely no Swastikas or derogatory

remarks to any other race, country, religion, or ethnic group

America Enters WWII• There is a gradual shift in American

policy from neutrality to direct involvement–First – Isolationism–Second – Economic aid to the Allies–Finally – Direct involvement (Declared

war !)

War in the Pacific• Tension developed between the USA and Japan

because of Japanese aggression in the Pacific.• The USA had been involved in peace talks with

Japanese ambassadors….but it was all for show.• On December 7th, 1941…without warning, Japan

attacked the United States at Pearl Harbor (in Hawaii)

• http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=BA798041-E720-462B-9899-5EC32436DFB9&blnFromSearch=1&productcode=US

Attack on Pearl Harbor• December 7th 1941, A date which will live in

infamy!!

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xr6pVUv9cJQ&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1

The USS Arizona Today• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vyoIpKGEw8M&NR=1&feature=fv

wp&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1

USA Declares War

• December 8th, 1941, The United States declares war on Japan

• December 11th, 1941, Germany and Italy declare war on the United States

WWII for the United States has now begun!!

Japanese American Internment

• There was a heightened Anti-Japanese fear in the United States as a result of the bombing of Pearl Harbor

War time prejudice• Even though many Japanese Americans served in

the armed forces, many others were treated with distrust and prejudice

Executive Order 9066• As a result of this distrust, President FDR

signed Executive Order 9066, directing the Army to relocate over 120,000 Japanese Americans to relocation camps.

Major WWII events and battles

• Despite initial Axis success in both Europe and the Pacific, the Allies persevered and ultimately defeated Germany and Japan

• The Allied troops fought against the Axis in 3 theaters total, but our focus will be on 2 of them:

-European (includes Eastern and Western front)

-Pacific

Germany establishes early dominance

• #1) September 1939, Germany invaded Poland setting off World War II in Europe. The Soviet Union also invaded Poland from the East

• #2) June 1940, Germany invaded France and captured Paris

The War comes to Great Britain

• #3) August – October of 1940 , Germany bombed London and The Battle of Britain began

• #4)March 1941, Lend Lease Act– The U.S. could sell, lend, or lease war supplies to “any nation considered vital to the defense of the United States”.

Attack and Declarations of War

• #5) December 7, 1941 Japan attacks Pearl Harbor

• #6) December 8, 1941 USA declares war on Japan

• #7) December 11, 1941 Germany and Italy declare war on the United States

• http://www.historyonthenet.com/WW2/german_success_failure.htm

WWII Turning Points (Allied victories)

• #8) June 1942, The Battle of Midway – The United States was victorious against Japan in the Battle of Midway. This victory was the turning point of the war in the Pacific

• #9) Feb 1943, Battle of Stalingrad – the USSR defeated Germany at Stalingrad, marking the turning point of the war on the Eastern front

“D-Day”• #10) June 6, 1944, D-Day- American

and other Allied troops landed on the beaches of Normandy, France to begin the liberation of western Europe• Turning point of the Western front• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UtBogHdnn5g&feature=youtube_gdata_player&safety_mode=true&persist_s

afety_mode=1

http://www.historylink101.com/wwII_b-w/d-day/beaches2/index.html

More Allied Victories

• #11)May 8, 1945, Victory in Europe- Germany surrendered, ending the war in Europe

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MNR5CvJMXQc

WWII ends in the Pacific

• The United States dropped two atomic bombs (Manhattan Project) on Japan in 1945, forcing Japan to surrender and ending WWII:

• #12) August 6, 1945, The bombing of Hiroshima took the lives of 70,000 people that day and another 70,000 from radiation exposure within 5 years

• #13) August 9, 1945, The bombing of Nagasaki Took the lives of 80,000 within a year

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t19kvUiHvAE&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1&safe=active

America celebrates the end of WWII• #14) August 15,

1945, (Victory in Japan) Japan surrendered, ending the war in the Pacific