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Objectives: Agenda: Pretest with clickers, WWI Into notes, Trench life, Propaganda work Do Now: Pre Test w / clickers Hmwk : Register for AP Exam !!!!!. World War I: 1914-1918 The Great War. I. Europe Before the War. Russian Empire. German Empire. Great Britain. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Objectives: Agenda: Pretest with clickers, WWI Into notes, Trench life, Propaganda work Do Now: Pre Test w/ clickers
Hmwk: Register for AP Exam !!!!!
World War I: 1914-1918The Great War
I. Europe Before the War
Austro-Hungarian Empire
German EmpireGreat Britain
France
Ottoman Empire (Balkans)
Russian Empire
II. Why the Great War Began• Militarism – “glorification of military
strength”• Each nation tried to get a bigger army or
navy than the other (arms race)• Alliance System – leaders of nations
promised to aid one another in case of attack
• Central Powers/Triple Alliance – Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire
• Allied Powers/Triple Entente – Great Britain, France, Russia
II. Why The Great War Began• Imperialism – competition for colonial
empires fueled rivalry• Nationalism – Ethnic groups wanted
nations of their own (especially in Austria-Hungary).
• Example: Ethnic Slav people in the Balkan “powder keg” – they were under the control of either the Ottoman or Austro-Hungarian Empires and wanted their own nation-states!
• Serbia was an independent Slavic nation and wanted other Slavs to join them in a new nation-state. The area had several wars in the early 1900s, trying to achieve this aim.
III. The Spark• Archduke Franz Ferdinand
heir to Austria-Hungary’s throne – assassinated in Sarajevo, Bosnia (in the Balkans) by a Serbian nationalist who didn’t like Austria’s ownership of territory where Slavic people lived
• Austria declares war on Serbia. Russia had to honor its alliance with Serbia.
• Alliance system kicks in, and soon everyone is at war. Nations enter with excitement; believe the war will be short.
Wow.
IV. Schlieffen Plan• Germany’s War Plan
– Massive attack to quickly defeat France– Then focus on Russia in the East, which would
take longer to get their troops to the front• The Reality:
– Attacks bog down (Battle of the Marne)– Both sides build trenches and realize the war will not be short– Trench Warfare begins
V. New Methods of Warfare: Total War & War of Attrition
• Total War- all possible resources and people are geared toward war effort– New method of warfare based on new
weapons & tactics– Colonies taken advantage of, for
extraction of human/natural resources
• War of Attrition- war fought not to gain capital but to exhaust resources of your opponent(s).
New Technology of WWI
• Poisonous gas (first used by Germans 1915) – Mustard gas was feared in the trenches (1.2
million casualties)• Airplanes
– Used to survey regions, led to “dogfights”• Tanks (introduced by British 1915)• Machine guns
Trench Life
Looking at Propaganda
1.Study the following propaganda posters from World War I
2.Complete the questions about each propaganda piece on the worksheet you picked up at the beginning of class.
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