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INDOT
Indiana Department of TransportationDriving Indiana's Economic Growth
Work Zone SafetyGuidelines for Construction, TrafficMaintenance, and Utility Operations
November 2006
Table of Contents
Introduction 1TrafficControlDevices 1
Signs 1ChannelizingDevices 5WarningLights 7ArrowDisplays 8PavementMarkings 9
FundamentalPrinciples 9PartsofaTrafficControlZone 10TaperLengthCriteriaforWorkZones 11BufferLengths 12Supervisor’sChecklist 12PlanningtheLayout 13
DurationofWork 13LocationofWork 13WhatTrafficControlSetupShouldIUse? 14CurvyandHillyLocations 14
NightTimeTrafficControl 15TypicalApplicationDiagrams 17DefinitionsofTerms 18
ShortTermStationary(1to12hours)WorkofftheTraveledLanes 19WorkonPavedShouldersorParkingLanes 20PavedShoulderClosedonDividedRoadway 21LaneClosureonaTwo-LaneRoad 22CenterTurnLaneClosed 23LaneShiftona3-Lane,2-WayRoad 24LaneClosureona4-LaneUndividedRoad 25LaneClosureonDividedRoadwayor1-WayStreet 26DoubleLaneClosureonDividedRoadway 27HalfRoadClosureonMultilaneRoadway 28-29MainlineRightLaneClosed,EntranceRampOpen 30MainlineLeftLaneClosed,EntranceRampOpen 31MainlineRightLaneClosed,ExitRampOpen 32WorkinVicinityofExitRamp 33-34PartialRampClosure 35PartialRampClosureWorkinGoreArea 36LaneClosureinAdvanceofanIntersectionWork Area on the Through Road 37Work Area on the Side Road 38LaneClosureBeyondanIntersectionWork Area on the Through Road 39Work Area on the Side Road 40-41LaneClosureataMultilaneIntersection 42
TurnLaneClosureatanIntersection 43LaneClosureonFarSideofIntersection 44ClosureinCenterofIntersection 45
ShortDuration(upto1hour)WorkofftheTraveledLanes 46WorkonPavedShouldersorParkingLane 47WorkonPavedShoulderClosedonDividedRoadway 48LaneClosureonDividedRoadwayorOneWayStreet 49LaneClosureonaTwo-LaneRoad 50TemporaryRoadClosure 51LaneClosureinAdvanceofanIntersectionWork Area on the Through Road 52Work Area on the Side Road 53LaneClosureBeyondanIntersectionWork Area on the Through Road 54Work Area on the Side Road 55LaneClosureatSideofIntersection 56ClosureinCenterofIntersection 57LaneClosureataMultilaneIntersection 58TurnLaneClosureatanIntersection 59PartialRampClosure 60PartialRampClosureWorkinGoreArea 61
MobileOperations(15minutesorless)MobileOperations 62
OnPavedShoulderforallRoads 63-64OnaTwo-LaneRoad 65-66OnaTwo-LaneRoadUsingFlaggers 67OnaTwo-LaneDividedRoad 68OnaMulti-LaneDividedRoad 69-70
PedestrianandWorkerSafety 71SidewalkClosure—PedestrianDetour 72SidewalkClosure—PedestrianWalkwayProvided 73
FlaggingProcedures 74Acknowledgments 75QuickReferenceGuide 76
1
IntroductionThepurposeofthishandbookistopresentguidelinesforworkzonetrafficcontrolandtosupplementbasicworkzonesafetytraining.ThishandbookcoversthebasicrequirementsofPartVIoftheManualonUniformTrafficControlDevices(MUTCD)withparticularemphasisonshorttermworksites.Theserequirementsapplytoconstruction,maintenance,traf-fic,andutilityworkzones.
Thishandbookpresentsinformationandgivesexamplesoftypicaltrafficcontrolapplicationsfortwo-laneandmulti-laneworkzones.Thisinformationisintendedtoillustratetheprinciplesofproperworkzonetrafficcontrol,butisnotastandard.PartVIoftheMUTCDandtheIndianaMUTCDSupplementcontainthestandardsforworkzonetrafficcontrol.
Worksitetrafficcontroldiagramsprovideminimumrequire-ments,additionaltrafficcontrolorprotectioncanbeadded.ThismanualcoversworksetupsaspresentedintheINDOTmaintenence/trafficmanagementsystem.
Incident Management SituationsTheimmediateresponsetoanemergencysituationmustbynecessitymakeuseofavailabledevicesandequipment.Giventheopportunity,however,longertermemergenciesshouldbetreatedinamannersimilartoothertemporarytrafficcontrolworksites.
Traffic Control DevicesThefollowingtypesoftrafficcontroldevicesareusedinworkzonetrafficcontrol:
Signs ChannelizingDevices WarningLights ArrowDisplays PavementMarkings
SignsSignsusedinworkzonetrafficcontrolareclassifiedasregulatory,guide,orwarning.Regulatorysignsimposelegalrestrictionsandmaynotbeusedwithoutpermissionfromtheauthoritywithjurisdictionovertheroadway.Guidesignscommonlyshowdestinations,directions,anddistances.Warningsignsgivenoticeofconditionsalongtheroadway.
2
WarningSigns–Construction,maintenance,trafficandutil-itywarningsignsareusedextensivelyinstreetandhighwayworkzones.Thesesignsarenormallydiamondshaped,havingablacksymbolormessageonanorangebackground.Asageneralrule,thesesignsarelocatedontheright-handsideofthestreetorhighway.Normally,thefirstadvancewarningsignusedistheroad work aheadsign.Theutil-ity work aheadorworkers signmaybesubstitutedwhereappropriate.Wheresignsareusedtoindicatetheendoftheworkzone,theend road workorend utility worksignmaybeusedasappropriate.
Size–Thestandardsizeforadvancewarningsignsinworkzonesisgenerally48inchesby48inches.Wherespeedsandvolumesaremoderatelylow,aminimumsizeof36inchesby36inchesmaybeused(seePartVIoftheMUTCDforspecificsignsizes).SignsizesincontractplansorotheragencydocumentsmayexceedMUTCDminimumrequirementsandshallbefollowed.
Mounting–StandardsforheightandlateralclearanceofroadsidesignsareincludedinPartVIoftheMUTCD.Temporarypost-mountedsignsshouldbemountedataheightofatleast7feet,measuredfromthebottomofthesign.SignsmountedonTypeIIIbarricadeswhichcloseanypartofaroadorlaneshouldnotcovermorethan50percentofthetoptworailsor33percentofthetotalareaofthethreerails.Signsmountedonotherportablesupportsorbarricadesusedsolelyasasignsupportmaybeatlowerheights,butthebottomofthesignshallbenotlessthanonefootabovethetraveledway.
SignSpacing(feet) 25-30 35-40 45-55MultilaneDividedExpressway/ mph mph mph50mphorhigherFreeway
A 100 350 500 1,000 1,000
B 100 350 500 1,600 1,600
C 100 350 500 2,640 2,640
Distances shown are approximate. Sign spacing should be adjusted for curves, hills, intersections, driveways, etc., to improve sign visibility.
Spacing of Advance Warning Signs
2a
Notes:1. Signsshouldbecalledforwhentrafficwilltravelthrough
anactiveconstructionzonemarkedbyROADWORKAHEAD.
2. Signsarenotrequiredforthefollowingtypesofactivities:Wheretheactiveconstructionzoneiscompletelyiso-latedfromtraffic(i.e.afullroadclosurewithdetourorconstructionalonganewalignment.Shortdurationoperations(thoselastinglessthan1hr.)OperationsthatwillnotencroachuponthepavementEdgelineandcenterlinepaintingoperations.
3. AsinglesignshouldbecalledforinadvanceofthefirstROADWORKAHEADsignforeachdirectionoftravelonthemainline(s)oftheproject.
4. Onesignshouldbeplacedapproximately500feetinadvanceofthefirstROADWORKAHEADsigninruralareas.
5. Onesignshouldbeplacedapproximately100feetinadvanceofthefirstROADWORKAHEADsigninurbanareas.
6. Signsarenotrequiredtobeplacedonsideroadsorrampsleadingintoaconstructionzone.
7. ForMobileOperation-therectangularsignmaybetruckmountedonrearmostprotectionvehicle.
•
•••
Worksite Added Penalty Signs
SpeedingMax $1000
Reckless DrivingMax 8 Yrs
XG20-7Worksite Added Penalty Sign
2b
Notes:1. Signsshouldbecalledforwhentrafficwilltravelthrough
anactiveconstructionzonemarkedbyROADWORKAHEAD.
2. Signsarenotrequiredforthefollowingtypesofactivities:Wheretheactiveconstructionzoneiscompletelyiso-latedfromtraffic(i.e.afullroadclosurewithdetourorconstructionalonganewalignment.Shortdurationoperations(thoselastinglessthan1hr.)OperationsthatwillnotencroachuponthepavementEdgelineandcenterlinepaintingoperations.
3. AsinglesetofsignsshouldbecalledforinadvanceofthefirstROADWORKAHEADsignforeachdirectionoftravelonthemainline(s)oftheproject.
4. Forruralareas,signlshouldbepaced1000ft.inadvanceofthefirstROADWORKAHEADsignandsignIIshouldbe500ftinadvanceofthefirstROADWORKAHEADsign.
5. Forurbanareas,signIshouldbeplaced200ftinadvanceofthefirstROADWORKAHEADsignandsignIIshouldbe100ftinadvanceofthefirstROADWORKAHEADsign.
6. Signsarenotrequiredtobeplacedonsideroadsorrampsleadingintoaconstructionzone.
•
•••
SpeedingMax $1000
RecklessDriving
Max 8 Yrs
XG20-7bWorksite Added Penalty Sign I
XG20-7cWorksite Added Penalty Sign II
Worksite Added Penalty Signs
3
ROADWORKAHEAD
DETOUR500 FT
RIGHT LANECLOSED1000 FT
ROADCLOSED500 FT
7' M
IN
7' M
IN
6' M
IN
6' to 12'
2'
6' to 12'
6'
35MPH
RURAL DISTRICT RURAL DISTRICT WITHADVISORY SPEED PLATE
URBAN DISTRICT URBAN DISTRICT
Paved Shoulder
Walkway
7' M
IN
2'
Removal–Whenworkissuspendedforshortperiods,allsignsthatarenolongerappropriateshallberemoved,covered,turned,orlaidflatsotheyarenotvisibletodrivers.
IlluminationandRetroreflectorization–Allsignsusedduringthehoursofdarknessshallbemadeofret-roreflectivematerialorilluminated.(Streetorhighwaylightingisnotregardedasmeetingtherequirementsforsignillumination.)
4
PortableChangeableMessageSigns–PortableChange-ableMessageSignsmaybeusedtosupplementothersigns,butnottosubstituteforanyrequiredsigns.Theymaydisplayavarietyofmessagesanddisplays,butaretypicallyonlyusedtodisplay”real-time”orchangingconditioninformation.TheChangeableMessageSignsshallnotdisplaymorethantwomessagesordisplays,andtheentiremessageshouldbereadabletwiceattheusualroadwayspeedlimit.
1' MIN
Orange Flag �(optional)
Orange Flag �(optional)
� PORTABLE AND TEMPORARY MOUNTINGS
96" M
IN
� HIGH LEVEL WARNING DEVICE�(Flag Tree)
1' MIN
UTILITY�WORK�AHEAD
1' MIN
5
Channelizing Devices
Notes:
1. Stripesonbarricaderailsslopedownwardatanangleof45degreestowardthedirectiontrafficistopass.
2. Barricaderailstripewidthsshallbe6inchesexceptwhereraillengthsarelessthan36inches,then4inchwidestripesmaybeused.
3. Thesidesofbarricadesfacingtrafficshallhaveretroreflectiverailfaces.
4. AllchannelizingdevicesshouldmeetNationalCooperativeHighwayResearchProgram(NCHRP)Report350CrashTestRequirements.
3''-4''6'' COLLAR
4'' COLLAR
8'' to 12''
2'' MIN
28'' M
IN
2''3''
3'' 2'' to 6 "
28'' M
IN
8'' to 12''
8'' to 12''45
20''
20''
5' M
IN
8'' to 12"
�24
" MIN
VERTICAL PANEL36
" MIN
36"�
MIN
IMU
M
4' MINIMUM
TYPE III BARRICADE
CONES AND TUBULAR MARKERS
45
4"4"
4'' to 6''
18'' MINIMUM
DRUM
WARNING LIGHT�(Optional)
WARNING LIGHT�(Optional)
6
Channelizing DevicesChannelizingdevicesareusedtowarnandalertdriversofconditionsinworkzones,toprotectworkers,andtoguideanddirectdriversandpedestrianssafely.Channelizingdevicesincludecones,tubularmarkers,verticalpanels,drums,barricades,andbarriers.
Conesareusedmostcommonlyforshort-durationmainte-nanceandutilitywork.Conesusedatnightshallberetro-reflectorizedasshownonpage5.Drumsareusedmostcommonlywheretheywillremaininplaceforaprolongedperiod.Ballastshallnotbeplacedontopofchannelizingdevices.
Spacing
Coneorbarrelspacingforstraight-a-waysshouldbe:
•At55mph&below:1coneforevery80’(everyotherskip)
•At60mph&above:1coneforevery120’(every3skips)
7
Warning LightsWarninglightsmaysupplementretroreflectorizationonwarningandchannelizingdevices.Theyareespeciallyuse-fulinareaspronetofogorfrequentinclementweather.Warninglightsshallhaveaminimummountingheightof30inches.Theprincipaltypesandusesofwarninglightsare:
1. LowintensityFlashingLights(TypeA)Maybemountedonbarricadesordrumstowarnofanisolatedhazardatnight.Theymayalsobemountedonsigns.
2. HighintensityFlashingLights(TypeB)Maybemountedonadvancewarningsigns,oronindependentsupportstodrawattentiontoextremehazardsbothdayandnight.
3. LowintensitySteady-BurnLights(TypeC)Maybeusedinaseriestodelineatetheedgeofthetravelwayandchannelizetrafficatnight.
Vehiclehazardlights,fourwayflashers,shallnotbeusedasvehiclewarninglights,butmaybeusedtosupplementvehiclewarninglights.VehiclewarninglightsaredefinedintheINDOT
VehicleLightingPolicy.
CommonConversions:
1skip=10’Gapbetweenskips=30’
RPMspacing(NoPassingZone)=40’RPMspacing(PassingZone)=80’
0.1mile=528’ 0.6mile=3168’ 0.2mile=1056’ 0.7mile=3696’ 0.3mile=1584’ 0.8mile=4224’ 0.4mile=2112’ 0.9mile=4752’ 0.5mile=2640’ 1.0mile=5280’
8
Arrow DisplaysAnarrowdisplayinthearroworchevronmodemaybeusedtosupplementsignsandotherdevicesforlaneclosuresonmultilaneroadways.Anarrowdisplayinthecautionmodeshallbeusedonlyforshoulderwork,blockingtheshoulder,orroadsideworkneartheshoulder.
Panel Roadway Min. Min.# Min.Legibility Type Speed Size Lamps Distance A 25-30mph 24“x48” 12 1/2mile
B 35-40mph 30“x60” 13 3/4mile
C ≥45mph 48“x96” 15 1mile
Move/Merge Right
Move/Merge Right
Move/Merge Right
Move/Merge Right or Left
Caution
PANEL DISPLAY*(Right shown; �
left similar)
OPERATING MODEAt least one of the three following �modes shall be provided:
Flashing Arrow
Sequential Arrow
Sequential Chevron
The following mode �shall be provided:
Flashing Double Arrow
The following mode �shall be provided:
Flashing Caution
*Element layout for Type C Panel shown
or
9
Pavement MarkingsForlong-termstationaryprojects,followtheguidelinesofPartVIoftheMUTCDinplacingandremovingpavementmarkings.Thecolorsoftemporarypavementmarkingsanddelineatorsfollowthesamestandardasforpermanentmarkings.Whenusedtoenhancethevisibilityoftheroad-wayedge,whiteisspecifiedalongbothsidesoftwo-wayroadwaysandtherightsideofone-wayroadways.Yellowisusedontheleftsideofone-wayroadways.Centerlinesandlanelinesareyellowwhenseparatingopposingdirectionsoftrafficandwhitewhenseparatinglanesgoingthesamedirection.
Whereexistingpavementmarkingconflictswiththetemporarytravelpath,additionalsigningandchannelizingdevicesareappropriate.
Fundamental PrinciplesTheprincipleslistedbelowprovideaguidingphilosophyofgoodtemporarytrafficcontrolandenhancethesafetyofmotorists,pedestrians,andworkersinthevicinityoftemporarytrafficcontrolzones.
1. Maketrafficsafetyandtemporarytrafficcontrolanintegralandhigh-priorityelementofeveryprojectfromplanningthroughdesign,construction,andmaintenance.
2. Inhibittrafficmovementaslittleaspossible.
3. Provideclearandpositiveguidancetodriversandpedestriansastheyapproachandtravelthroughthetemporarytrafficcontrolzone.
4. Inspecttrafficcontrolelementsroutinelyandmakemodificationswhennecessary.
5. Payincreasedattentiontoroadsidesafetyinthevicinityoftemporarytrafficcontrolzones.
6. Trainallpersonsthatselect,place,andmaintaintemporarytrafficcontroldevices.
7. Establishproperlegislativeauthoritytoimplementandenforceneededtrafficregulations,speedzoning,parkingcontrols,andincidentmanagement.
8. Keepthepublicwellinformed.
9. Ifthereisasideroadintersectionorrampswithintheworkarea,additionaltrafficcontrol,suchasflaggersandappropriatesignage,maybeneededonthesideroadapproachesorramps.
10.Goodjudgmentmustalwaysbeusedtodeterminethefinaltrafficcontrolsetup.
10
Parts of a Traffic Control Zone
Thetrafficcontrolzoneisthedistancebetweenthefirstadvancewarningsignandthepointbeyondtheworkareawheretrafficisnolongeraffected.Belowisadiagramshowingthesixpartsofatrafficcontrolzone.
ADVANCED WARNING AREAtells traffic whatto expect ahead
TAPER AREAmoves traffic outof its normal path
WORK AREAset aside for
workers,equipment, and material storage
TAPER AREAlets traffic resume
normal driving
LateralBufferArea
BUFFER AREAprovides protection for
traffic and workers
PROTECTIONVEHICLE AREA
provides atemporarybarrier for
worker safety
Roll-Ahead Distance
see Table Page 70
Protective Vehiclewith or withoutTruck Mounted
Attenuator
11
Taper Length Criteria for Work Zones
Thefivetypesoftapersusedinworkzonetrafficcontrolare:
TypeofTaper
1) Merging Taper–Thenumberoflanesisreducedonamultilaneroad
2) Shifting Taper–Alateralshift,butnoreductioninthenumberoftravellanes
3) Shoulder Taper–Theshoulderisclosed
4) Two-way Traffic Taper –Opposingdirectionsoftrafficshareoneopenlane
5) Downstream Taper–Theworkareaendsandtrafficresumesnormaldriving(useisoptional)
TABLE II INDOT STANDARD TAPERS
Speed (mph)
Shoulder Tapers
ShiftingTapers
MergingTapers
L CS # L CS # L CS #
LowSpeed
30 60 20 3 90 20 5 180 20 9
35 90 20 5 140 20 7 260 20 13
40 120 40 3 160 40 4 320 40 8
HighSpeed
45 200 40 5 280 40 7 560 40 14
50 200 50 4 300 50 6 600 50 12
55 220 50 5 350 50 7 700 50 14
60 240 60 4 360 60 6 720 60 12
65 300 60 5 400 60 7 780 60 13
70 300 60 5 420 60 7 840 60 14
2-Way & Downstream Tapers are always 100/20/6
L=Length CS=Cone Spacing #=Quantity of Cones
12
Buffer LengthsThebufferareaisarecommendedpartoftheworkzone.Itservestoseparatetrafficflowfromtheworkareaorapotentiallyhazardousareaandprovidesrecoveryspaceforanerrantvehicle.Thebufferareashouldnotincludeanyworkactivitynorstorageofequipment,vehiclesormaterial.
Speed(mph) Length(ft) 20 35
25 55
30 85
35 120
40 170
Speed(mph) Length(ft) 45 220
50 280
55 335
60 415
65 485
70 580
Supervisor‘s Checklist1. Haveatrafficcontrolplanbeforegoingtotheworksite.2. Askyourself,“Whatisthedriver‘sviewofthework
site—atnight,duringpeakhours,etc.”3. Investigatecrashes/incidentstoidentifyifchangesare
neededinthetrafficcontrolplan.4. Foroverheadwork,trafficcontrolisrequiredforaffected
lane(s).
Alateralbufferspacemayalsobeusedtoseparatepassingtrafficfromtheworkarea.Itsuseandwidthisbasedonconditionsattheworksite.
Guidelines for Buffer Lengths
Distance of Flagger Station in Advance of the Workspace
Speed (mph) Distance Speed (mph) Distance
20 35 45 220
25 55 50 280
30 85 55 335
35 120 60 415
40 170 65 485
13
Planning the LayoutThekeytogoodtrafficcontrolistoapplytheguidelinesusingproperjudgment.Considerfactorssuchasdurationofwork,locationofwork,andcharacteristicsoftheroadway.
Duration of Work
Workdurationisamajorfactorindeterminingthenum-berandtypesofdevicesusedintemporarytrafficcontrolzones.Asageneralrule,thelongertheoperationwilllast,themoretrafficcontroldevicesareneeded.Also,astheworktimeisshort,thetimeduringwhichmotoristsareaffectedissignificantlyincreasedwhenadditionaldevicesareinstalledandremoved.Consideringthesefactors,itisgenerallyheldthatsimplifiedcontrolproceduresarewar-rantedforshort-durationactivities.Suchshortcomingsmaybeoffsetbytheuseofother,moredominantdevices,suchasspeciallightingunitsonworkvehicles.
Long-TermStationary–Workthatoccupiesalocationmorethan3days.
Intermediate-TermStationary–Workthatoccupiesalocationfromovernightto3days.
Short-TermStationary–Daytimeworkthatoccupiesalocationfor1to12hours.
ShortDuration–Workthatoccupiesalocationupto1hour.
Mobile–Workthatmovesintermittentlyorcontinuously.
Location of WorkThechoiceoftrafficcontrolneededforatemporarytrafficcontrolzonedependsuponwheretheworkislocated.Asageneralrule,theclosertheworkistotraffic,themorecon-troldevicesareneeded.
14
What Traffic Control Set-Up Should I Use?
Thesefivequestionsshouldbeconsideredandansweredinordertoprovideproperworksitetrafficcontrol.
1. Whatisthetypeofroad(two-laneormulti-lane)onwhichwewillbeworking?
2. Areweworkingontheroadwayorshoulder?
3. Howlongwillwebeatalocation?
4. Isextraprotectionneeded?
5. Isalanebeingrestrictedorencroachedupon?
Curvy and Hilly Locations
Theselocationsmayrequireextraworkzonesafetymeasures.
15
Night Time Traffic ControlExtracareshouldbetakenwhenschedulingworkatnight.Planaheadwheneverpossible,involvingallaffectedperson-nel,toensurethateveryoneunderstandswhatisexpectedofthemandthatyouhavethepropertrafficcontrolequipmentforthejob.Asstatedonpage1ofthismanual,theimmediateresponsetoanemergencysituationmustbynecessitymakeuseofavailabledevicesandequipment.Giventheopportunity,however,longertermemergenciesshouldbetreatedinaman-nersimilartotemporarytrafficcontrolassoonaspossible.
Thework-zonecontrolsmentionedinthismanualarethemini-mumrequirementsandextracontrolsshouldbeutilizedwhenneeded.Closingadditionallaneswhenpossibleandtheuseofmessageboardsarejust2ofthetoolsavailable.
Specificallythefollowingareguidelinestofollowwhenper-formingnighttimeactivities:
Signs:Mustberetroreflective(seepage3ofthismanualformoredetails)
MessageBoards:Portablemessagesignsmaybeusedtoalertthepublicoftheworkahead.
Seepage4forspecificdetailsandhowthesignshouldbeused).Itisagoodpracticetodisplaythemessageadayahead.
ArrowBoards:Lightsshouldbedimmedfornightoperations(mostboardsdimautomatically).
PersonalProtectiveEquipment:Hivizsafetyapparelshallbewornduringnighttimeoperations(consulttheINDOTSafetyManualforspecificdetails).
ChannelingDevices:Conesmustbe28”andhaveretrore-flectivetape.BarrelsmusthaveretroreflectivetapeorWarningLights(whererequired).Barricadepanelmustbe-Type3.(Seepage5ofthismanualformoredetails).Itisalsoagoodpracticetohavenightpatrolsavailabletoresettrafficcontroldevicesasneeded.
Lighting-WorksiteIllumination:Portablelighttowerswithgeneratorshouldbeusedtoilluminatedtheworkarea.ThepreferredlightstrengthshouldbeClassIII215lux(20ftcandles).Everyeffortshallbemadetopreventglareaffectingoncomingtraffic.
16
VehicleWorkLights:Lightsshallbeaddedtoworkequip-mentasneeded.Equipmentlightingshallalsobepositionedtopreventglaretomotorist.
GeneralSafety:Truckspullingarrowboardfornighttimeoperationsshouldturnoffallwarninglightsandflasherstothereartopreventdistractingfromtheviewofthearrowboard.Headlightsshouldbeonduringmobileoperations.
17
Typical Application DiagramsThediagramsonthefollowingpagesrepresentexamplesoftheapplicationofprinciplesandproceduresforsafeandefficienttraf-ficcontrolinworkzonesbutarenotintendedtobestandards.Itisnotpossibletoincludeillustrationstocovereverysituationwhichwillrequireworkareaprotection.Thesetypicallayoutsarenotintendedasasubstituteforengineeringjudgmentandshouldbealteredtofittheconditionsofaparticularsite.Contractplansorotheragencydocumentsmayalsohaveapplicablelayoutstobefollowed.Thediagramsarenottoscale,andthenumberofchannelizingdevicesshownmaynotbethenumberneededattheworksite.Workvehiclesarenotshownindiagrams.Usethetablesonthetypicaldiagramstodeterminetaperandbufferlengths,andusepages6and11forguidanceonthespacingandnumberofdevices.Thenotesandtablesonthetypicaldiagramsprovideimportantinformationfortheuser.Allitemsshownondiagramsaretobeconsideredmandatory,unlessstatedotherwise.Readallnotesbeforeusingthesediagrams.Theinformationpresentedinthesediagramsandtablesaregenerallyminimums.Forfurtherinformation,refertoPartVIoftheMUTCDandtheIndianaMUTCDsupplement.Thesecontainthestandardsforworkzonetrafficcontrol.
Legend
ChannelizingDevice
Arrow Board Display
Flagger Symbol
Portable Sign Support
Arrow BoardDisplay Symbol
ChangeableMessage Sign
Protection Vehiclewith Flashing Light
High Level Warning Device
Work Area
Warning Sign
Protection Vehicle with Truck-Mounted Attenuator (TMA)
ProtectionvehicleforINDOTshallbeadumptruckloadedwithsandandparkedatanangle.IfaTMAisused,thetruckshallbeloadedperTMAmanufacturersspecifications(loadofsandmaynotbeneededwithaTMA),parkedparalleltotraffic,frontwheelsangledawayfromtraffic,andmaybeeitheradumpor2tonstakebedvehicle.Drawingsarenottoscale.Thedrawingsdonotdepictthenumberofchannelizingdevicestouse.
18
Definitions of Terms
Shall/Mandatory-Requiredcondition.
Should/Recommend-Anadvisorycondition.Wherethesewordsareused,theyareconsideredtobeadvisableusage.
May/Optional-Apermissivecondition.Norequirementfordesignorapplicationisintended.
NotforINDOTuse-NotforuseonINDOTroads.
ForworknotspecificallycoveredinourWZSM,theIndianaMUTCDwillneedtobeconsulted,butwhereourWZSMhasaddeddevices,etc,theWZSMshalltakeprecedent.
19
Work off the Traveled LanesIncludes Paved Shoulder <8ft.
(Short Term Stationary - 1 to 12 hours)
Notes:
1. Otheracceptableadvancewarningsignsarethoseindicatingshoulder work,utility work ahead,ortheworkers sign.
2. Anadvancewarningsignshouldbeused;iftheworkwillbeperformedimmediatelyadjacenttotheshoulder,ifequipmentwillcrossormovealongtheroadway,oriftheactivitymaydistractmotorists.
3. Warningsignsmaybeeliminatediftheworkspaceisbehindabarrier,morethan2ft.behindacurb,or15ft.ormorefromtheedgeofanytraveledlane.
4. Forworkbeyondtheshoulder,allwarningsignsandchannel-izingdevicesareoptionalifavehiclewithactivatedwarninglightsisused.
ROADWORKAHEAD
A
shoulderSee notes below
See TablePage 21
20
Work on Paved Shoulders >8ft. or Parking Lanes
(Short Term Stationary – 1 to 12 hours)
Notes:
1. workers orutility work aheadsignsmaybeusedinsteadoftheshoulder work orroad work aheadsigns.
Buffer
ShoulderTaper
ROADWORKAHEAD
A
B
ROADWORKAHEAD
A
SHOULDERWORK
See Note 1
Shoulder or Parking Lane
(optional)
Speed Sign Sign Limit Spacing Spacing Buffer (mph) A(ft) B(ft) (ft)
25 100 100 55
30 100 100 85
35 350 350 120
40 350 350 170
45 500 500 220
50 500 500 280
55 500 500 335
60 1000 1600 415
21
Paved Shoulder >8ft. Closed on Divided Roadway
(Short Term Stationary – 1 to 12 hours)
Notes:
1. shoulder closedsignsshouldbeusedonlimited-accesshighwayswherethereisnoopportunityfordisabledvehiclestopulloffthetraveledway.
2. utility work aheadorwork-ers signsmaybeusedinsteadoftheroad work aheadsign.
3. Useofanarrowdisplayisoptional.Ifused,itshallbeoperatedinthecautionmode.
4. Onnon-freewaymultilaneroadsinurbanareas,thesignspacingmaybereducedasshowninthechartonpage2.
5. <40mphspeedlimit,protectionvehicleoptional.
Buffer
ShoulderTaper
ROADWORKAHEAD
A
B
SHOULDERCLOSEDAHEAD
SHOULDERCLOSED
ROADWORKAHEAD
1/2 A
OR Shoulder Work
Roll Ahead DistanceSee Table Page 70
Speed Sign Limit Spacing(ft) Buffer (mph) AB (ft)
35 350 350 120
40 350 350 170
45 500 500 220
50 1000 1600 280
55 1000 1600 335
60 1000 1600 415
65 1000 1600 485
70 1000 1600 580
22
Lane Closure on a Two-Lane Road(Two Flagger Operation)
(Short Term Stationary – 1 to 12 hours)
Notes:
1. TheflaggerorflaggersshalluseapprovedflaggingproceduresaccordingtotheMUTCDandasshownonpage74.
2. Ifthereisasideroadintersectionwithintheworkarea,additionaltrafficcontrol,suchasflaggersandappro-priatesignage,
maybeneededonthesideroadapproaches.
ROADWORKAHEAD
See TablePage 12
ONE LANEROAD
AHEAD
Buffer
ROADWORKAHEAD
ONE LANEROAD
AHEAD
(Optional)
ENDROAD WORK
ENDROAD WORKA
A
B
C
C
B
A
A
Taper 100'
Taper 100'
Speed Sign Sign Sign Limit SpacingSpacingSpacing Buffer (mph) A(ft) B(ft) C(ft) 25 100 100 100 55
30 100 100 100 85
35 350 350 350 120
40 350 350 350 170
45 500 500 500 220
50 500 500 500 280
55 500 500 500 335
60 1000 1600 2600 415
23
Center Turn Lane Closed (Short Term Stationary – 1 to 12 hours)
ROADWORKAHEAD
A
MergingTaper
MergingTaper
Buffer
ROADWORKAHEAD
A
Buffer
(optional)
Roll Ahead Distance See Table Page 70
Roll Ahead DistanceSee Table Page 70
See TablePage 11
See TablePage 11
Speed Sign Limit Spacing Buffer (mph) A(ft) (ft)
25 100 55
30 100 85
35 350 120
40 350 170
45 500 220
50 500 280
55 500 335
60 1000 415
Notes:
1. LARGEARROWsignmaybeusedattheshiftforaddedvisability.
24
Lane Shift on a Three-Lane, Two-Way Road
(Short Term Stationary – 1 to 12 hours)
Notes:
1. large arrowsignsmaybeusedattheshiftsforaddedvisibility.
2. Ifthespeedsare30mphorless,reverse turnsignsshallbeusedinsteadofreverse curve.
3. <40mphspeedlimit,pro-tectionvehicleoptional.
4. Ifanarrowboardisusedontheprotectionvehicle,thenitshallbeinthecau-tionmode.
Roll Ahead Distance See Table Page 70
ROADWORKAHEAD
A
ShiftingTaper
ShiftingTaper
ShiftingTaper
Buffer
ROADWORKAHEAD
A
A
Buffer
ShiftingTaper
See TablePage 11
(Optional)
(Optional)
Caution Mode
Caution Mode
See TablePage 11
See TablePage 11
See NotePage 4
Speed Sign Limit Spacing Buffer (mph) A(ft) (ft)
25 100 55
30 100 85
35 350 120
40 350 170
45 500 220
50 500 280
55 500 335
60 1000 415
25
Lane Closure on a Four-Lane Undivided Road
(Short Term Stationary – 1 to 12 hours)
Buffer Space
A
B
A
ROADWORKAHEAD
MergingTaper
Buffer Space(optional)
MergingTaper
Roll Ahead Distance See Table Page 70
ROADWORKAHEAD
C
BLEFTLANE
CLOSEDAHEAD
See Note 1
See Note 1
See Note 2
CLEFTLANE
CLOSEDAHEAD
See Table Page 12
See Table Page 12
Protection Vehicle Area
Speed Sign Sign SignLimit SpacingSpacingSpacing Buffer (mph) A(ft) B(ft) C(ft) (ft)
25 100 100 100 55
30 100 100 100 85
35 350 350 350 120
40 350 350 350 170
45 500 500 500 220
50 500 500 500 280
55 500 500500335
60 1000 1600 2600 415
65 1000 1600 2600 485
Notes:1. <40mphspeed
limit,protectionvehicleoptional,andLEFTLANECLOSEDAHEADsignisoptional.
2. Ifanarrowboardisusedontheprotectionvehicle,thenitshallbeinthecautionmode.
26
Lane Closure on Divided Roadway or One Way Street
(Short Term Stationary – 1 to 12 hours)
Notes:
1. Whenasideroadintersectstheroadwaywithintheworkzone,additionaldevicesshallbeerectedtochannelizetrafficto/fromthesideroad,andaroad work ahead signshallbeplacedoneachsideroadapproach.
2. Onnon-freewaymulti-laneroadsinurbanareas,thesignspacingmaybereducedasshowninthechartonpage2.
3. <40mphspeedlimit,protectionvehicleoptional.
Speed Sign Limit Spacing(ft) Buffer (mph) ABC (ft)
30 100 100 100 85
35 350 350 350 120
40 350 350 350 170
45 500 500 500 220
50 1000 1600 2600 280
55 1000 1600 2600 335
60 1000 1600 2600 415
65 1000 1600 2600 485
70 1000 1600 2600 580
Roll Ahead DistanceSee Table Page 70
Buffer
A
B
C
A
B
C
RIGHT LANECLOSEDAHEAD
MergingTaper
ROADWORKAHEAD
RIGHT LANECLOSEDAHEAD
ROADWORKAHEAD
Shoulder Taper
If an arrow board isused on the protectionvehicle, then it shallbe in the caution mode.
(optional)
(Optional)
ENDROAD WORK
(Optional)
ENDROAD WORK
See TablePage 11 See Table
Page 11
27
Double Lane Closure on Divided Roadway(Short Term Stationary – 1 to 12 hours)
Notes:
1. Whenasideroadinter-sectstheroadwaywithintheworkzone,additionaldevicesshallbeerectedtochannelizetrafficto/fromthesideroad,andaroad work ahead signshallbeplacedoneachsideroadapproach.
2. Onnon-freewaymultilaneroadsinurbanareas,thesignspacingmaybereducedasshowninthechartonpage2.
3. 1560feetfor<65mph. 1680feetfor70mph.4. Ifanarrowboardisusedontheprotectionvehicle,thenit
shallbeinthecautionmode.
Buffer
Merging Taper
ROADWORKAHEAD
A
A
A
B
C
A
B
C
RIGHTTWO LANES
CLOSEDAHEAD
RIGHTTWO LANES
CLOSEDAHEAD
Merging Taper
See TablePage 11
See TablePage 11
See Note 3
See Note 4
(optional)
ENDROAD WORK
(optional)
ENDROAD WORK
ROADWORKAHEAD
Roll Ahead DistanceSee Table Page 70
Speed Sign Limit Spacing(ft) Buffer (mph) ABC (ft)
35 350 350 350 120
40 350 350 350 170
45 500 500 500 220
50 1000 1600 2600 280
55 1000 1600 2600 335
60 1000 1600 2600 415
65 1000 1600 2600 485
70 1000 1600 2600 580
28
Half Road Closure on Multilane Roadway(Short Term Stationary – 1 to 12 hours)
Buffer
Buffer
ShiftingTaper
Merging Taper
ShiftingTaper
See TablePage 11
See TablePage 11
See Note 2
2 Times Merging Taper
See TablePage 11
See TablePage 11
See TablePage 11
Merging Taper
ROADWORKAHEAD
A
AB
C
ROADWORKAHEAD C
B
A
RIGHT LANECLOSEDAHEAD
LEFT LANECLOSEDAHEAD
(optional)
(optional)
ENDROAD WORK
ENDROAD WORK
Roll Ahead Distance See Table Page 70
Speed Sign Sign Sign Limit SpacingSpacingSpacing Buffer (mph) A(ft) B(ft) C(ft) 25 100 100 100 55
30 100 100 100 85
35 350 350 350 120
40 350 350 350 170
45 500 500 500 220
50 500 500 500 280
55 500 500 500 335
60 1000 1600 2600 415
Notes:1. <40mphspeedlimit,
protectionvehicleoptional.
2. Ifanarrowboardisusedontheprotectionvehicle,thenitshallbeinthecautionmode.
29
Half Road Closure on Multilane Roadway (cont.)(Short Term Stationary – 1 to 12 hours)
Notes
1. Channelizingdevicesshallbemorecloselyspacedwhenthepavementmarkingsconflictwiththetemporarytravelpath.
2. Whenasideroadintersectstheroadwaywithintheworkzone,additionaldevicesshallbeerectedtochannelizetraf-ficto/fromthesideroadandaroad work aheadsignshallbeplacedoneachsideroadapproach.
30
Mainline Right Lane Closed, Entrance Ramp Open
(Short Term Stationary – 1 to 12 hours)
Taper780'
250' ROADWORKAHEAD
RIGHTLANE
CLOSEDAHEAD
YIELDAHEAD
YIELD
250'
500'
Acceleration Lane1560' desired
Notes:
1. Blackonwhite45mphsignonrampisoptionalifmainlinespeedlimithasbeentemporarilyreducedto45mph.
31
Mainline Left Lane Closed, Entrance Ramp Open
(Short Term Stationary – 1 to 12 hours)
see Note 1
LEFT LANECLOSEDAHEAD
ROADWORKAHEAD
Notes:
1. Theadvancewarningsignspacingisdependentontheramplengthandlocationofexistingsigning.Thespacingshouldbeaslongaspossible.
2. Blackonwhite45mphsignonrampisoptionalifmainlinespeedlimithasbeentemporarilyreducedto45mph.
32
Mainline Right Lane Closed, Exit Ramp Open
(Short Term Stationary – 1 to 12 hours)
EXIT
Consider barrels for these devices.
33
Notes:
1. Sometimesclosingtherampmaybethebestcourseofaction.
Work in Vicinity of Exit Ramp(Short Term Stationary – 1 to 12 hours)
100'
100'
1,000'
MergingTaper
MergingTaper
MergingTaper
XX
XX
Speed Sign Limit Spacing(ft) Buffer (mph) ABC (ft)
30 100 100 100 85
35 350 350 350 120
40 350 350 350 170
45 500 500 500 220
50 1000 1600 2600 280
55 1000 1600 2600 335
60 1000 1600 2600 415
65 1000 1600 2600 485
70 1000 1600 2600 580
EXITOPEN
34
Notes:
1. Sometimesclosingtherampmaybethebestcourseofaction.
100’
1000’
Mergingtaper
Mergingtaper
Mergingtaper
XX
XX
Speed Sign Sign Sign Limit SpacingSpacingSpacing Buffer (mph) A(ft) B(ft) C(ft) 25 100 100 100 55
30 100 100 100 85
35 350 350 350 120
40 350 350 350 170
45 500 500 500 220
50 500 500 500 280
55 500 500 500 335
60 1000 1600 2600 415
65100016002600485
70100016002600580
Work in Vicinity of Exit Ramp(Short Term Stationary – 1 to 12 hours)
35
Notes:
1. Truckoff-trackingshouldbeconsideredwhendeterminingwhetherthe10’minimumlanewidthisadequate.
2. Forworkontheoutsideoftheramp,theconeswillbeshiftedtothatside,andthegoreareaextendedupstream.
Partial Ramp Closure(Short Term Stationary – 1 to 12 hours)
ROADWORKAHEAD
Shifting Taper
ON RAMP
RAMP NARROWS
AHEAD
10' minimum (see note 1)
36
Notes:
1. Truckoff-trackingshouldbeconsideredwhendeterminingwhetherthe10’minimumlanewidthisadequate.
2. Protectionvehiclerecommendedinsideconedarea,ifrollaheaddistancepermits.
3. Required,ifconedareaorworkareaextendsintotheramp.
Partial Ramp ClosureWork in Gore Area
(Short Term Stationary – 1 to 12 hours)
ROADWORKAHEAD
RIGHTSHOULDER
CLOSEDAHEAD
ROADWORKAHEAD
ShiftingTaper
ON RAMP
RAMP NARROWS
AHEAD
10' minimum (see note 1)
Speed should be at least10 mph less than the posted ramp speed.
(see note 3)
(see note 3)
XXMPH
OR
A
B
Speed Sign Limit Spacing(ft) Buffer (mph) AB (ft)
35 350 350 120
40 350 350 170
45 500 500 220
50 1000 1600 280
55 1000 1600 335
60 1000 1600 415
65 1000 1600 485
70 1000 1600 580
37
ROADWORKAHEAD
C
B
A
A
A
ROADWORKAHEAD
ROADWORKAHEAD
ROADWORKAHEAD
A
C
Buffer
BONE LANE
ROADAHEAD
ONE LANEROAD
AHEAD
(optional)
(optional)
(optional)
(optional)
Taper 100'
(optional)
See NotePage 12
Lane Closure in Advance of an Intersection(Work Area on the Through Road)
(Short Term Stationary – 1 to 12 hours)
Speed Sign Sign Sign Limit SpacingSpacingSpacing Buffer (mph) A(ft) B(ft) C(ft) 25 100 100 100 55
30 100 100 100 85
35 350 350 350 120
40 350 350 350 170
45 500 500 500 220
50 500 500 500 280
55 500 500 500 335
60 1000 1600 2600 415
Notes:
1. Dependingontrafficconditions,additionaltrafficcontrol,suchasflaggersandappropri-atesignage,maybeneededonthesideroadapproaches.
2. Themiddleflagger(optional)hasthebestviewoftrafficfromalldirections.“FlaggerAhead”signsshouldbeusedinall4directionswhentheoptionalmiddleflaggerisused.
3. TheflaggersshalluseapprovedflaggingproceduresaccordingtotheMUTCDandasshownonpage74.
38
ONE LANEROAD
AHEAD B
A
A
B
C
ROADWORKAHEAD
ROADWORKAHEAD
A
C
A
BONE LANE
ROADAHEAD
B
ROADWORKAHEAD
ROADWORKAHEAD
(optional)
(optional)
Buffer
Taper 100'
See NotePage 12
Notes:
1. Dependingontrafficconditions,addi-tionaltrafficcontrol,suchasflaggersandappropriatesignage,maybeneeded.
2. Themiddleflaggerhasthebestviewoftrafficfromalldirections.Thisflag-gershouldbedesig-natedlead flaggerandshouldcoordi-natetheactionsoftheotherflaggers.
3. Theflaggersshalluseapprovedflag-gingproceduresaccordingtotheMUTCDandasshownonpage74.
Lane Closure in Advance of an Intersection(Work Area on the Side Road)
(Short Term Stationary – 1 to 12 hours)
Speed Sign Sign Sign Limit SpacingSpacingSpacing Buffer (mph) A(ft) B(ft) C(ft) 25 100 100 100 55
30 100 100 100 85
35 350 350 350 120
40 350 350 350 170
45 500 500 500 220
50 500 500 500 280
55 500 500 500 335
60 1000 1600 2600 415
39
Notes:
1. Dependingontrafficconditions,addi-tionaltrafficcontrol,suchasflaggersandappropriatesignage,maybeneeded.
2. Theflaggersshalluseapprovedflag-gingproceduresaccordingtotheMUTCDandasshownonpage74.
3. Whenthereisinsuf-ficientspacetheTaperandBufferdistancesmaybereduced.
A
ROADWORKAHEAD
C
B
A
A
ROADWORKAHEAD
ROADWORKAHEAD
ROADWORKAHEAD
A
C
100'See Table Page 12
BONE LANE
ROADAHEAD
ONE LANEROAD
AHEAD(optional)
(optional)
Buffer
Taper 100'
See NotePage 12
Lane Closure Beyond an Intersection(Work Area on the Through Road)
(Short Term Stationary – 1 to 12 hours)
Speed Sign Sign Sign Limit SpacingSpacingSpacing Buffer (mph) A(ft) B(ft) C(ft) 25 100 100 100 55
30 100 100 100 85
35 350 350 350 120
40 350 350 350 170
45 500 500 500 220
50 500 500 500 280
55 500 500 500 335
60 1000 1600 2600 415
40
Lane Closure Beyond an Intersection(Work Area on the Side Road)
(Short Term Stationary – 1 to 12 hours)
B
ROADWORKAHEAD
A
(optional)
ROADWORKAHEAD
C
B
A
C
A
(optional)
BONE LANE
ROADAHEAD
ONE LANEROAD
AHEAD
AROADWORKAHEAD
B
See Table Page 12
ROADWORKAHEAD
100'
Buffer
Taper100'
See NotePage 12
Speed Sign Sign Sign Limit SpacingSpacingSpacing Buffer (mph) A(ft) B(ft) C(ft) 25 100 100 100 55
30 100 100 100 85
35 350 350 350 120
40 350 350 350 170
45 500 500 500 220
50 500 500 500 280
55 500 500 500 335
60 1000 1600 2600 415
41
Notes:
1. Dependingontrafficconditions,additionaltrafficcontrol,suchasflaggersandappropriatesignage,maybeneeded.
2. Themiddleflaggershouldbedesignatedlead flaggerandshouldcoordinatetheactionsoftheotherflaggers.
3. TheflaggersshalluseapprovedflaggingproceduresaccordingtotheMUTCDandasshownonpage74.
4. WhenthereisinsufficientspacetheTaperandBufferdistancesmaybereduced.
Lane Closure Beyond an Intersection (cont.)(Short Term Stationary – 1 to 12 hours)
42
Lane Closure at a Multilane Intersection(Short Term Stationary – 1 to 12 hours)
Notes:
1. Forspeedlimit<40mph,Protectionvehicleoptional.
2. Ifworkingonfarsideofintersection,seepage44.
3. Thelengthoftapersmaybeadjustedwhenusedincloseproximitytocrossroads,curves,orotherinfluencingfactors.
Buffer
Roll Ahead DistanceSee Table Page 70
ROADWORKAHEAD
A
B
LEFT LANECLOSEDAHEAD
Merging TaperSee Table Page 11
See Note Page 12
Speed Sign Sign Limit SpacingSpacing Buffer (mph) A(ft) B(ft) (ft)
25 100 100 55
30 100 100 85
35 350 350 120
40 350 350 170
45 500 500 220
50 500 500 280
55 500 500 335
6010001600415
43
Turn Lane Closure at an Intersection(Short Term Stationary – 1 to 12 hours)
ROADWORKAHEAD
A
Merging TaperSee Table Page 11(Optional)
Speed Sign Limit Spacing (mph) A(ft) 25 100
30 100
35 350
40 350
45 500
50 500
55 500
601000
Notes:
1. Lanemaybeopenedbeyondworkarea.
2. Thelengthofthetapersmaybeadjustedwhenusedincloseproximitytocrossroads,curves,orotherinfluencingfactors.
44
Lane Closure on Far Side of Intersection(Speeds of 35 mph or Less)
(Short Term Stationary – 1 to 12 hours)
Notes:
1. Thislayoutisonlyappropriateforroadswithspeedsof35mph orless.Forhigherspeeds,seetableonpage25foradvancesigningandtaperlayout.
2. Standardprocedureistocloseanylanethatisnotcarriedthroughtheintersectiononthenearsideoftheintersection.However,ifthisresultsintheclosureofalanehavingsignifi-cantturningmovements,thenthatlanemaybeconvertedtoaturnbay,and/orthelanemayberestrictedtoturnsonly,asshown.
3. Alarge arrowsignmaybeusedinsteadofthekeep rightordown arrowsignwherespacepermits.
A
MergingTaper
ROADWORKAHEAD
A
B
A
ROADWORKAHEAD
ROADWORKAHEAD
AROADWORKAHEAD
OR
(optional)
(optional)
LEFT LANECLOSEDAHEAD
OR
(optional)
TaperLEFT LANE
MUSTTURN LEFT
100'
See Table Page 11
Speed Sign Limit Spacing(ft) (mph) AB 25 100 100
30 100 100
35 350 350
45
Closure in Center of Intersection(Short Term Stationary – 1 to 12 hours)
Notes:
1. Leftturnsmayneedtobeprohibited.
ShiftingTaper
ShiftingTaper
ShiftingTaper
ShiftingTaper
Speed Sign Sign Limit Spacing Spacing (mph) A(ft) B(ft) 30 100 100
35 350 350
40 350 350
45 500 500
50 500 500
55 500 500
6010001600
46
Work off the Traveled Lanes (Includes Paved Shoulder < 8ft.)
(Short Duration - Up to 1 Hour)
Notes:
1. OtheracceptableadvancewarningsignsarethoseindicatingSHOULDERWORK,UTILITYWORKAHEAD,ortheWORKERSsign.
2. Anadvancewarningsignshouldbeused;iftheworkwillbeperformedimmediatelyadjacenttotheshoulder,ifequipmentwillcrossormovealongtheroadway,oriftheactivitymaydis-tractmotorists.
3. Warningsignsmaybeeliminatediftheworkspaceisbehindabarrier,morethan2ft.behindacurb,or15ft.ormorefromtheedgeofanyroadway.
4. Allwarningsignsandchannelizingdevicesareoptionalifavehiclewithactivatedwarninglightsisused.
Shoulder
See Notes
Speed Sign Sign Sign Limit SpacingSpacingSpacing Buffer (mph) A(ft) B(ft) C(ft) 25 100 100 100 55
30 100 100 100 85
35 350 350 350 120
40 350 350 350 170
45 500 500 500 220
50 500 500 500 280
55 500 500 500 335
60 1000 1600 2600 415
47
Work on Paved Shoulders or Parking Lane > 8ft.
(Short Duration – up to 1 hour)Shoulder orParking Lane
use of conesSee Note 2
ShoulderTaper See Table Page 11
SHOULDERWORK
Buffer
A
See Notes 1&2
Speed Sign Limit Spacing Buffer (mph) A(ft) (ft)
25 100 55
30 100 85
35 350 120
40 350 170
45 500 220
50 500 280
55 500 335
60 1000 415
Notes:
1. OtherstandardMUTCDsignsmaybeused.2. Optionalwhentheworkvehicledisplaysactivated
warninglights.
48
Work on Paved Shoulder > 8ft. Closed on Divided Roadway
(Short Duration – up to 1 hour)
Notes:
1. Useofanarrowdisplayisoptional.Ifused,itshallbeoperatedinthecau-tionmode.
Buffer
SHOULDERWORKAHEAD
A
ShoulderTaper See Table Page 11
cones optional
(optional)
Optional when the work vehicle displays flashing
lights, strobes or beacon(s).
Speed Sign Limit Spacing(ft) Buffer (mph) A (ft)
30 100 85
35 350 120
40 350 170
45 500 220
50 1000 280
55 1000 335
60 1000 415
65 1000 485
70 1000 580
: :
49
Lane Closure on Divided Roadway or One Way Street
(Short Duration – up to 1 hour)
Notes:
1. Whenasideroadinter-sectstheroadwaywithintheworkzone,additionaldevicesshallbeerectedtochannelizetrafficto/fromthesideroad,andaroad work ahead signshallbeplacedoneachsideroadapproach.
Roll Ahead DistanceSee Table Page 70
Buffer
A
B
C
A
B
C
RIGHT LANECLOSEDAHEAD
MergingTaper
ROADWORKAHEAD
RIGHT LANECLOSEDAHEAD
ROADWORKAHEAD
Shoulder Taper
If an arrow board isused on the protection vehicle, it shall be inthe caution mode
(optional)
See Table Page 11
See Table Page 11
Speed Sign Limit Spacing(ft) Buffer (mph) ABC (ft)
30 100 100 100 85
35 350 350 350 120
40 350 350 350 170
45 500 500 500 220
50 1000 1600 2600 280
55 1000 1600 2600 335
60 1000 1600 2600 415
65 1000 1600 2600 485
70100016002600580
2. Forspeedlimits<40mphspeedlimit,protectionvehicleoptional.
50
Lane Closure on a Two-Lane Road(Two Flagger Operation)
(Short Duration – up to 1 hour)
Notes:
1. Theflaggerorflaggersshalluseapprovedflag-gingproceduresaccord-ingtotheMUTCDandasshownonpage74.
2. Ifthereisasideroadintersectionwithintheworkarea,additionaltrafficcontrol,suchasflaggersandappropriatesignage,maybeneededonthesideroadapproaches.
3. Wheneveraflaggerispresent,aflagger aheadsignshallbeused.
4. ConesareoptionalwhenusingaprotectionvehiclewithactivatedWarningLights.
Speed Sign Sign Limit SpacingSpacing Buffer (mph) A(ft) B(ft) (ft) 25 100 100 55
30 100 100 85
35 350 350 120
40 350 350 170
45 500 500 220
50 500 500 280
55 500 500 335
60 1000 1600 415
See TablePage 12
ONE LANEROAD
AHEAD
Buffer
ONE LANEROAD
AHEAD
A
B
B
A
Taper 100'
Taper 100'
51
Temporary Road Closure(Short Duration – up to 20 minutes)
Notes:
1. Conditionsrepresentedareforworkwhichrequiresclosingsduringdaytimehoursonly.
2. Forhighvolumeroads,apolicepatrolcarand/orachangeablemessagesignmaybeadded.
3. Theflaggershallstopthefirstvehiclefromtheshoulderasshown.Afterstoppingthefirstvehicleiftheviewoftheflaggerisobstructed,thenhe/sheshouldmovetothecenterlinetostopadditionaltraffic.
4. Flaggersshalluseapprovedflaggingproceduresaccord-ingtotheMUTCDandasshownonpage74.
Buffer
ROADWORKAHEAD
B
A
Buffer
ROADWORKAHEAD
A
B
Speed Sign Sign Sign Limit SpacingSpacingSpacing Buffer (mph) A(ft) B(ft) C(ft) 25 100 100 100 55
30 100 100 100 85
35 350 350 350 120
40 350 350 350 170
45 500 500 500 220
50 500 500 500 280
55 500 500 500 335
60 1000 1600 2600 415
52
Lane Closure in Advance of an Intersection(Work Area on the Through Road)
(Short Duration – up to 1 hour)
Notes:
1. Dependingontrafficconditions,additionaltrafficcontrol,suchasflaggersandappropriatesignage,maybeneededonthesideroadapproaches.
2. TheflaggersshalluseapprovedflaggingproceduresaccordingtotheMUTCDandasshownonpage74.
3. Wheneveraflaggerispresent,aflagger aheadsignshallbeused.
A
A
A
Buffer
100ʼTaper
Speed Sign Limit Spacing Buffer (mph) A(ft) 25 100 55
30 100 85
35 350 120
40 350 170
45 500 220
50 500 280
55 500 335
60 1000 415
53
Lane Closure in Advance of an Intersection(Work Area on the Side Road)(Short Duration – up to 1 hour)
Notes:
1. Dependingontrafficconditions,additionaltrafficcontrol,suchasflaggersandappropriatesignage,maybeneeded.
2. Themiddleflaggerhasthebestviewoftrafficfromalldirections.Thisflaggershouldbedesignatedlead flaggerandshouldcoordinatetheactionsoftheotherflaggers.
3. TheflaggersshalluseapprovedflaggingproceduresaccordingtotheMUTCDandasshownonpage74.
Speed Sign
Limit Spacing Buffer (mph) A(ft) (ft)
25 100 55
30 100 85
35 350 120
40 350 170
45 500 220
50 500 280
55 500 335
60 1000 415
A
A
A
A
Buffer
100ʼTaper
54
Lane Closure Beyond an Intersection(Work Area on the Through Road)
(Short Duration – up to 1 hour)
A
A
A
A
See Table Page 12100'
100'
Buffer
Taper
Speed Sign Limit Spacing Buffer (mph) A(ft) (ft)
25 100 55
30 100 85
35 350 120
40 350 170
45 500 220
50 500 280
55 500 335
60 1000 415
Notes:
1. Dependingontrafficconditions,additionaltrafficcontrol,suchasflaggersandappropriatesignage,maybeneeded.
2. TheflaggersshalluseapprovedflaggingproceduresaccordingtotheMUTCDandasshownonpage74.
3. WhenthereisinsufficientspacetheTaperandBufferarenotused.
55
Lane Closure Beyond an Intersection(Work Area on the Side Road)(Short Duration – up to 1 hour)
Notes:
1. Dependingontrafficconditions,additionaltrafficcontrol,suchasflaggersandappropriatesignage,maybeneeded.
2. Themiddleflaggershouldbedesignatedlead flaggerandshouldcoordinatetheactionsoftheotherflaggers.
3. TheflaggersshalluseapprovedflaggingproceduresaccordingtotheMUTCDandasshownonpage74.
4. WhenthereisinsufficientspacetheTaperandBufferarenotused.
ATaper
A
A
A
See Table Page 12 100'
100'
Buffer
Speed Sign Limit Spacing Buffer (mph) A(ft) (ft)
25 100 55
30 100 85
35 350 120
40 350 170
45 500 220
50 500 280
55 500 335
60 1000 415
56
Notes:
1. Forhightrafficvolumesorwhenafour-lanestreetisinvolvedadditionalflaggersorlawenforcementperson-nelmaybeused.
2. Thesituationdepictedcanbesimpli-fiedbyclosingoneormoreoftheintersectionapproaches.Ifthiscannotbedone,and/orwhencapacityisaproblem,considerationshouldbegiventodivertingthroughtraffictootherroadsorstreets.
3. Flashingwarninglightsand/orflagsmaybeusedtocallatten-tiontotheadvancedwarningsigns.
4. Flaggersandsignsfortheseapproachesareoptional.Ifthelengthoftheclosureand/ortrafficwarrant,additionalflaggersandtheappropriatesignsshouldbeused.
5. Conetaperattopofpageisoptionalforstopsignorsignal-izedapproaches.
ONE LANE�ROAD�
AHEAD B
A
A
B
A
A
BONE LANE�
ROAD �AHEAD
BONE LANE�
ROAD �AHEAD
ONE LANE�ROAD�
AHEAD
See Note 4(optional)
See Note 4(optional)
Taper 100'
Taper 100'
Speed Sign Limit Spacing Buffer (mph) A,B(ft) (ft)
25 100 55
30 100 85
35 350 120
40 350 170
45 500 220
50 500 280
55 500 335
60 1000 415
Lane Closure at Side of Intersection(Short Duration – up to 1 hour)
57
Closure in Center of Intersection(Short Duration – up to 1 hour)
Notes:
1. Leftturnsmayneedtobeprohibited.2. Channelizingdevicesmaybeelimi-
natedifavehicledisplayingrotatinglightsorstrobelightsispositionedintheworkspace.
3. Ahigh-levelwarningdeviceshouldbeplacedintheworkspace,ifthereissufficientroom.
ShiftingTaper
See Note 3
ShiftingTaper
ShiftingTaper
ShiftingTaper
Speed Sign Sign Limit Spacing Spacing (mph) A(ft) B(ft) 30 100 100
35 350 350
40 350 350
45 500 500
50 500 500
55 500 500
6010001600
58
Lane Closure at a Multilane Intersection(Short Duration – up to 1 hour)
Notes:
1. Forspeedlimits<40mph,protectionvehicleoptional.
2. Ifworkingonfarsideofintersection,seepage44.
3. Thelengthoftapersmaybeadjustedwhenusedincloseproximitytocrossroads,curves,orotherinfluencingfactors.
Buffer
See Table Page 11
ROADWORKAHEAD
A
B
LEFT LANECLOSEDAHEAD
MergingTaper
Roll ahead distance See Table Page 70
Speed Sign Sign Limit SpacingSpacing Buffer (mph) A(ft) B(ft) (ft)
25 100 100 55
30 100 100 85
35 350 350 120
40 350 350 170
45 500 500 220
50 500 500 280
55 500 500 335
60 1000 1600 415
59
Turn Lane Closure at an Intersection(Short Duration – up to 1 hour)
ROADWORKAHEAD
A
MergingTaper
See Table Page 11
Speed Sign Limit Spacing (mph) A(ft) 25 100
30 100
35 350
40 350
45 500
50 500
55 500
60 1000
Notes:
1. Lanemaybeopenedbeyondworkarea.
2. Thelengthofthetapersmaybeadjustedwhenusedincloseproximitytocrossroads,curves,orotherinfluencingfactors.
60
Notes:
1. Truckoff-trackingshouldbeconsideredwhendeterminingwhetherthe10’minimumlanewidthisadequate.
2. Forworkontheoutsideoftheramp,theconeswillbeshiftedtothatside,andthegoreareaextendedupstream.
Partial Ramp Closure(Short Duration – up to 1 hour)
ROADWORKAHEAD
Shifting Taper
ON RAMP
RAMP NARROWS
AHEAD
10' minimum (see note 1)
61
Notes:
1. Truckoff-trackingshouldbeconsideredwhendeterminingwhetherthe10’minimumlanewidthisadequate.
2. Protectionvehiclerecommendedinsideconedarea,ifrollaheaddistancepermits.
3. Required,ifconedareaorworkareaextendsintotheramp.
Partial Ramp ClosureWork in Gore Area
(Short Duration – up to 1 hour)
ROADWORKAHEAD
RIGHTSHOULDER
CLOSEDAHEAD
ROADWORKAHEAD
ShiftingTaper
ON RAMP
RAMP NARROWS
AHEAD
10' minimum (see note 1)
(see note 3)
(see note 3)
A
B
Speed Sign Limit Spacing(ft) Buffer (mph) AB (ft)
35 350 350 120
40 350 350 170
45 500 500 220
50 1000 1600 280
55 1000 1600 335
60 1000 1600 415
65 1000 1600 485
70 1000 1600 580
62
Mobile Operations
Mobileoperationsareworkactivitiesthatmovealongtheroadeitherintermittentlyorcontinuously.Safetyformobileoperationsshouldnotbecompromisedbyusingfewerdevicessimplybecausetheoperationwillfrequentlychangeitslocation.
Portabledevicesshouldbeused.Forexample,appropri-atelycoloredandmarkedvehicleswithvehiclewarninglights,perhapsaugmentedwithsignsorarrowdisplays,maybeusedinplaceofsignsandchannelizingdevices.
Formobileoperationstobesuccessful,theadvancewarningareafortheseoperationsmustmovewiththeworkareaorberepositionedperiodicallytoprovideadvancedwarningforthemotorist.
IntermittentMobileOperations–Thesemobileoperationsofteninvolvefrequentshortstopsthataresimilartostation-aryoperations.Warningsigns,flashingvehiclelights,and/orchannelizingdevicesshouldbeused.
Withoperationsthatmoveslowly(lessthan3MPH),itmaybefeasibletousestationarysigningthatisperiodicallyretrievedandrepositionedintheadvancewarningarea.Inaddition,vehiclesmaybeequippedwithsuchdevicesasvehiclewarninglights,truckmountedattenuators,andappropriatesigns.
Flaggersmaybeused,butcautionmustbeexercisedsotheyarenotexposedtounnecessaryhazards.
ContinuouslyMovingMobileOperations–Thesemobileoperationsincludeworkactivitiesinwhichworkersandequipmentmovealongtheroadwithoutstopping,(e.g.pavementstriping,mowing,streetsweeping,orherbicidespraying),usuallyatslowspeeds.
Forsomecontinuouslymovingoperationswherevolumesarelightandvisibilityisgood,awell-markedandwell-signedvehiclemaysuffice.Ifvolumesand/orspeedsarehigher,ashadoworprotectionvehicle,equippedasasigntruck,shouldfollowtheworkvehicle.Theadvancewarningareamoveswiththeworkarea.Ifaleadvehicleisutilized,thenanENDCONSTRUCTIONsignshouldbeusedtohelpidentifytheendoftheworkzone.
64
Mobile Operation on the Shoulder (cont.)
Notes:
1. Iftheoperationrequiresencroachmentonthetravelway,amobileorstationarylaneclosureshouldbeused.
2. Foroperationsthatmoveslowly(lessthan3mph)andinsituationswheremultipleworklocationsinalimiteddistancemakeitpracticaltoplacestationarysigns,themaximumspacingfromtheadvancedwarningsigntothebeginningoftheworkis5miles.
3. Thelength of work signorasupplementalpanel(NextxMiles)maybeusedforworkzonesofmorethan2milesinlength.
4. Ifthedistancebetweenworklocationsisonemileormore,andiftheworkvehicletravelsattrafficspeedsbetweenlocations,warningsignsarenotrequiredifvehiclewarninglightsareused.
5. Otheracceptableadvancedwarningsignsincludeshoulder work,utility work ahead,mowing,worker signs,androad machinery ahead.
6.Tablebelowshowsrecommendedroll-aheaddistancesbetweenaprotectionvehiclewithorwithoutatruck-mountedattenuator(TMA)andtheworkareaforbothstationaryandmobileoperations.Roll-aheaddistancefortheprotectionvehiclemayvarydependinguponrecom-mendationsoftheTMAmanufacturer.
Roll-aheadDistancesforTMAsandprotectionvehicle
Speed Stationary Mobile
≤45mph 100ft 150ft
50-55mph 150ft 200ft
60-65mph 200ft 275ft
70mph225ft325ft
65
Mobile Operation on a Two-Lane Road
Legend appropriate totype of work
ChangeableMessage Sign
(Optional)
OR
AND
Roll-aheadDistancesforTMAsandprotectionvehicle
Speed Stationary Mobile
≤45mph 100ft 150ft
50-55mph 150ft 200ft
60-65mph 200ft 275ft
70mph225ft325ft
66
Mobile Operation on a Two-Lane Road (cont.)
Notes:
1. Wherepracticableandwhenneeded,theworkandprotectionvehiclesshouldpulloverperiodicallytoallowtraffictopass.Ifthiscannotbedonefrequently,asanalternative,a“DONOTPASS”signmaybeplacedontherearofthevehicleblockingthelane.
2. Flaggersmaybeused.Ifflaggersareused,thenaFLAGGERAHEADandaONELANEROADAHEADsignshallbeusedineachdirection.Ifflaggersareusedformorethan1hour,thenaROADWORKAHEADsignshallbeusedaswell.RefertoPage12forflaggerplacement.
3. Thedistancebetweentheworkandprotectionvehiclemayvaryaccordingtoterrain,paintdryingtime,andotherfactors.Protectionvehiclesareusedtowarntrafficoftheoperationahead.Wheneveradequatestoppingsightdistanceexiststotherear,theprotectionvehicleshouldmaintaintheminimumrollaheaddistanceandproceedatthesamespeedastheworkvehicle.Theprotectionvehicleshouldslowdowninadvanceofverticalorhorizontalcurvesthatrestrictsightdistance.
4. Signlegendsshallbecoveredorturnedfromviewwhenworkisnotinprogress.
67
Mobile Operation on a Two-Lane Road Using Flaggers
Notes:
1. Ifflaggersareused<1hr.,theROADWORKAHEADsignsmaybeomitted.
Speed Sign Sign Sign Limit SpacingSpacingSpacing Buffer (mph) A(ft) B(ft) C(ft) 25 100 100 100 55
30 100 100 100 85
35 350 350 350 120
40 350 350 350 170
45 500 500 500 220
50 500 500 500 280
55 500 500 500 335
60 1000 1600 2600 415
CB
See Table Page 12
Roll Ahead
Buffer
See Note 1
See Note 1
ROADWORKAHEAD
A
A
BC
100'
Appr
oxim
atel
y 2
mile
s
ROADWORKAHEAD
ONE LANEROAD
AHEAD
ONE LANEROAD
AHEAD
68
Mobile Operation on a Two-Lane Divided Road
3
2
1
RIGHT LANECLOSEDAHEAD
ChangeableMessage Sign
(optional)
OR
Where adequate shoulder width is not available, Protection Vehicle 1 may drive partially in the lane
Where adequate shoulder width is not available for Protection Vehicle 1 to drivecompletely in the shoulder, this vehicle shall follow in line with vehicle 3
AND
Notes:
Seenotes#2,#4,#5and#6onpage64.
69
2
1
RIGHT LANECLOSEDAHEAD
ChangeableMessage Sign
(Optional)
OR
3
Where adequate shoulder width is not available, Protection Vehicle 1 may drive partially in the lane
4
Where adequate shoulder width is not available for Protection Vehicle 1 to drivecompletely in the shoulder, this vehicle shall follow in line with vehicle 4
Where adequate shoulder width is not available for Protection Vehicle 1 to drivecompletely in the shoulder, this vehicle shall drive in the near lane
AND
Mobile Operation on a Multi-Lane Divided Road
Notes:
Seenote#2onpage64.
70
Mobile Operation on a Multi-Lane Road (cont.)
Notes:
1. Protectionvehicle#1shouldtravelatavaryingdistancefromtheworkoperationsoastoprovideadequatesightdistancefortrafficapproachingfromtherear.
2. Stationaryadvancewarningsignsmaybeusedtoprovideadditionaladvancewarningfortheoperation.Thesesignsmightinclude:slow moving traffic ahead,road work ahead,paint crew ahead,etc.Thesesignsand/orachangeablemessagesignshouldbeusedwherespeedsandvolumesarehigh,orwheresightdistanceislimited.Ifusedthesesignsshallbespacedamaximumof5milesfromprotectionvehicle#1.
3. Ifstationarysignsareusedandtheactivityisspreadoutoveradistanceofmorethan2miles,thelength of workSignorasupplementalpanelshouldbeused.
4. Workshouldnormallybedoneduringoff-peakhours.
5. ProtectionVehicle(PV)spacing:•BetweenWorkVehicleandnearestPV,refertorollaheadtablebelow
•Approximately500’betweenmiddlePV’s•1000’-2000’betweenPV#2andPV#1.Urbanroadwaysmayrequireshorterdistances.Exactspacingwillbedeterminedbythecrewleader.
6. Inanurban,non-interstatearea,thenumberofprotec-tionvehiclesmaybereduced.
7. Whentheshoulderdoesnothaveadequatewidthforaprotectionvehicletogetcompletelyofftheroadway,thenprotectionvehicle#1isoptional.
Roll-aheadDistancesforTMAsandprotectionvehicle
Speed Stationary Mobile
≤45mph 100ft 150ft
50-55mph 150ft 200ft
60-65mph 200ft 275ft
70mph225ft325ft
71
Pedestrian and Worker SafetyPedestrianSafety
Ifpedestriantravelpaths(sidewalksorfootpaths)areclosedordisruptedbyaconstruction,maintenance,orutilityopera-tion,thenpedestriantrafficcontrolisneeded.Thisincludestheuseofsigns,channelizingdevices,flags,etc.todirectpedestrianmovementthroughoraroundtheworksite.
Themajorconsiderationsinplanningforpedestriansafetyintemporarytrafficcontrolzonesonstreetsandhighwaysare:
Pedestriansshouldnotbeledintodirectconflictswithworksitevehicles,equipment,oroperations.
Pedestriansshouldnotbeledintodirectconflictswithmainlinetrafficmovingthroughoraroundtheworksite.
Pedestriansshouldbeprovidedwithasafe,convenienttravelpaththatreplicatesasnearlyaspossiblethemostdesirablecharacteristicsofsidewalksorfootpaths.
Pedestriansneedprotectionfrompotentialinjuryandasmooth,clearlydefinedtravelpath.Obstructionsshouldbeclearlymarked,especiallyatnight.
WorkerSafety
Thesafetyofworkersinaworksiteisjustasimportantasthesafetyofthepublictravelingthroughtheworkzone.Thebestprotectionforbothisgoodworkzonetrafficcontrol.
Allworkersshouldbetrainedinhowtoworknexttotrafficinawaythatminimizestheirvulnerability.Inaddition,workerswithspecifictrafficcontrolresponsibilitiesshouldbetrainedintrafficcontroltechniques,deviceusage,andplacement.
WorkersexposedtotrafficshallbeattiredinINDOTapprovedapparelincluding,butnotlimitedtosafetyvestsandhats.
Fornighttimework,similaroutsidegarmentsshallberetro-reflectiveandshallbedesignedtoidentifyclearlythewearerasapersonandbevisiblethroughthefullrangeofbodymotions(i.e.retroreflectivematerialonthefront,back,andbothsidesofthegarment).
72
Sidewalk Closure(Pedestrian Detour)
Notes
1. Additionaladvancewarningmaybenecessary.
2. Onlythetrafficcontroldevicescontrollingpedestrianflowsareshown.Otherdevicesmaybeneededtocontroltrafficonthestreets.Uselaneclosuresigning,road narrowsorlane narrowssignsasneeded.
3. Fornighttimeclosures,TypeAflashingwarninglightsmaybeusedonbarricadessupportingsignsandclosingwalkways.
ROADWORKAHEAD
SIDEWALK CLOSED
USE OTHER SIDE
SIDEWALK CLOSED
USE OTHER SIDE
SIDEWALKCLOSED
73
Sidewalk Closure(Pedestrian Walkway Provided)
Notes:
1. Additionaladvancewarningmaybenecessary.2. Onlythetrafficcontroldevicescontrollingpedestrianflows
areshown.Otherdevicesmaybeneededtocontroltrafficonthestreets.Uselaneclosuresigning,road narrows orlane narrowssigns,asneeded.
3. Fornighttimeclosures,TypeAflashingwarninglightsmaybeusedonbarricadessupportingsignsandclosingwalkways.TypeCsteady-burnlightsmaybeusedonchannelizingdevicesseparatingthetemporarywalkwayfromvehiculartraffic.
4. Wherehighspeedsareanticipated,useabarriertoseparatethetemporarywalkwayfromvehiculartraffic.RefertoSection6D-1ofPartVIoftheMUTCDforinformationonbarriers.
5. Signsmaybeplacedalongatemporarywalkwaytoguideordirectpedestrians;forexample,keep rightorkeep leftsigns.
ROADWORKAHEAD
74
Flagging Procedures
To AlertAndSlowTraffic
To StopTraffic
24"
24"
TrafficProceed
6'
ProperlyTrainedFlaggers
giveclearmessagestodriversasshown
allowtimeanddistancefordriv-erstoreact
coordinatewithotherflaggers
ProperlyEquippedFlaggers
approvedsignpaddles
paddlesarenottobeusedinasignalizedintersection
approvedsafetyvest,shirtorcoat
brightlycoloredhatforbettervisibility
retroreflectivenightequipment
ProperFlaggingStations
goodapproachsightdistance
highlyvisibletotraffic
neverstandinmovingtrafficlane
alwayshaveanescaperoute
ProperAdvanceWarningSigns
alwaysusewarningsigns
allowreactiondistancefromsigns
removesignsifnotflagging
Flags should only be used in emergency situations for controlling traffic at a signalized intersection, or when a paddle would present a con-flicting message to the motorist. Flags used for signaling shall be a minimum of 24“ x 24”, red in color and mount-ed on a staff, about 3’ long.
75
AcknowledgmentsThisguidewasadaptedforuseinIndianabytheIndianaDepartmentofTransportation(INDOT)andtheIndianaLocalTechnicalAssistanceProgram(LTAP)fromoneproducedbytheInstituteforTransportationResearchandEducation(ITRE)atNorthCarolinaStateUniversity.INDOTandLTAPacknowl-edgeandthankITREandthemanyagenciesandassociationsinNorthCarolinaandSouthCarolinathatwereinvolvedintheoriginaldevelopmentofthisguideonworkzonetrafficcontrol.
TheIndianateamthatreviewedtheITREversionoftheWork Zone Safety HandbookandadaptedittoreflectIndianapracticeincludedrepresentativesoftheoperationssafetycoordinators,maintenance,safety,andtrafficsectionsofINDOT;AllenCounty;MontgomeryCounty,TiptonCounty;CityofLebanon;TownofFlora;andtheIndianaLTAPCenteratPurdueUniversity.
Information and TrainingForfurtherinformationandtrainingopportunitiesinbasicworkzonetrafficcontrol,flagging,andotherstreetandhigh-waydesign,operation,andmaintenancetopicscontacttheIndianaLTAPCenter,aprojectofthePurdueUniversityCivilEngineeringDepartment,fundedasaLocalTransportationAssistanceProgrambytheFederalHighwayAdministration,andIndianaDepartmentofTransportation.
IndianaLTAPCenterPurdueUniversity1284CivilEngineeringBuilding,RoomB141WestLafayette,IN47907800-428-7639phone(Indianaonly)765-496-1197faxemail:jhaber@ecn.purdue.eduwebsite:http://www.ecn.purdue.edu/INLTAP
76
QuickReferenceGuide
TABLE II INDOT STANDARD TAPERS (Page 11)
Speed (mph)
Shoulder Tapers ShiftingTapers
MergingTapers
L CS # L CS # L CS #
LowSpeed
30 60 20 3 90 20 5 180 20 9
35 90 20 5 140 20 7 260 20 13
40 120 40 3 160 40 4 320 40 8
HighSpeed
45 200 40 5 280 40 7 560 40 14
50 200 50 4 300 50 6 600 50 12
55 220 50 5 350 50 7 700 50 14
60 240 60 4 360 60 6 720 60 12
65 300 60 5 400 60 7 780 60 13
70 300 60 5 420 60 7 840 60 14
2-Way & Downstream Tapers are always 100/20/6
L=Length CS=Cone Spacing #=Quantity of Cones
GuidelinesforBufferLengths(Page12)
Distance of Flagger Station in Advance of the Workspace
(Page 12)
Speed (mph)
Distance Speed (mph)
Distance
20 35 45 220
25 55 50 280
30 85 55 335
35 120 60 415
40 170 65 485
SignSpacing(feet)
25-30 35-40 45-55MultilaneDividedExpressway/ mph mph mph50mphorhigherFreeway
A 100 350 500 1,000 1,000
B 100 350 500 1,600 1,600
C 100 350 500 2,640 2,640
Distances shown are approximate. Sign spacing should be adjusted for curves, hills, intersections, driveways, etc., to improve sign visibility.
SpacingofAdvanceWarningSigns(Page2)
Speed(mph) Length(ft) 20 35
25 55
30 85
35 120
40 170
45 220
50 280
55 334
60 415
65 485
70 580
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