WNV Degree Day Maps for Alberta · Special Thanks. Thank you to Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada...

Current to September 9, 2018

WNV Degree Day

Maps for Alberta

Special Thanks

Thank you to Agriculture and Agri-Food

Canada for providing the Degree Day maps

each week, and giving Alberta Health the

permission to use them on its website.

West Nile Virus and Degree Days Maps in Alberta 2018

• Degree Day – a measurement of heat accumulation. 14.3 oC is the

threshold temperature below which West Nile virus development

does not occur (when in mosquitoes).

• Degree day calculation

– Degree Day = Mean temperature – Degree Day threshold

– E.g., Degree Day = 19.3 – 14.3 = 5.0 Degree Days

What are cumulative degree days?

• During the season a running total of accumulated Degree Days is

recorded. It is generally assumed that a total of 109 Degree Days

above 14.3 oC are required for 50% of mosquitoes to be able to

transmit the virus. (Reisen, 2006)

• The risk of transmission increases with Degree Day accumulation.

– Consistently warmer temperatures will significantly shorten virus development time

thereby increasing the potential risk of WNV transmission – should the virus itself

be present and other conditions prove to be favorable.

– For example, at 18 C it takes around 30 days for Culex tarsalis to be able transmit

the virus, whereas at 30 C it takes less than 1 week.

Understanding Degree Day Maps

• Degree Day calculations are collected from over 300 plus weather

stations across the 3 prairie provinces and starting in late May to

early June (depending on conditions) are used to produce a gradient

map of the prairies for cumulative degree days.

• Seasonally the greatest accumulation of Degree Days typically

occurs in southeast of Alberta.

Understanding Degree Day Maps

• In past seasons, C. tarsalis activity in Alberta generally starts to be

observed once the 150–200 Degree Day threshold has been met in

the southeast (SE) of the province.

• As this threshold moves west and north increased Culex mosquito

activity can be expected. Depending on the number of infected

females that managed to over-winter, an increase in the proportion of

C. tarsalis infected with WNV can occur as well. Activity will increase

as more of the province reaches the 300+ Degree Day level, possibly

resulting in human cases.

Degree Days vs Human Cases

• We’ve set up a style for bullet points

– And for subpoints • And even sub-subpoints

• But, really, you shouldn’t rely so much on bullets

– You want your audience to listen not just read

– Don’t use your slides as your speaking notes

• Try using the emphasis or photo layout instead

This is a standard text slide

• Reisen WK. Fang Y. Martinez VM. Effects of temperature on

the transmission of West Nile virus by Culex tarsalis (Diptera:

Culicidae) J Med Entomol. 2006;43:309–317.

Selected References

WNV Degree Day Maps for Alberta · Special Thanks. Thank you to Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada...

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