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WHO and OIE
Collaboration in Food
Safety and Zoonoses
Dr. Hilde Kruse Programme Manager Food Safety
WHO/Europe
PRESENTATION OUTLINE
Common Goal
Current Situation
One Health Approach
Accomplishments
Key Principles
Plans for the Future
OIE Regional Seminar Belgrade, Serbia
15-17 October 2013
COMMON GOAL
GOAL: HEALTH FOR ALL
OIE Regional Seminar Belgrade, Serbia
15-17 October 2013
SHARED REALITY:
A TALL ORDER
WORLDWIDE SITUATION
OIE Regional Seminar Belgrade, Serbia
15-17 October 2013
*American Veterinary Medical Association. (2008). One health: A new professional imperative. One Health Initiative Task Force: Final Report.
60 Percent of the ~1, 461 Human Diseases Caused by
Zoonotic Pathogens
75 Percent of Emerging Infectious Disease
that are Zoonotic
CURRENT SITUATION: EU
> 320,000 reported Human Cases Foodborne Zoonoses per year in EU*
OIE Regional Seminar Belgrade, Serbia
15-17 October 2013
*EFSA, Food-borne zoonotic diseases, http://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/topics/topic/foodbornezoonoticdiseases.htm, Accessed 23/09/13
ENOUGH TO FILL 4 OLYMPIC STADIUMS
OIE Regional Seminar Belgrade, Serbia
15-17 October 2013
REPORTED ZOONOSES: EU
EFSA , ECDC (2013), p. 11
CURRENT SITUATION
OIE Regional Seminar Belgrade, Serbia
15-17 October 2013
Most Outbreaks Linked to Foodstuffs of Animal Origin*
*Source: EFSA , ECDC (2013), pp. 201, 204.
CURRENT SITUATION (EU)
5, 648
Outbreaks
OIE Regional Seminar Belgrade, Serbia
15-17 October 2013
CAUSATIVE AGENT NUMBER PERCENT
Salmonella 1 501 26.6
Bacterial Toxins 730 12.9
Campylobacter 598 10.6
Viruses 525 9.3
Other Agents 113 2.0
E. coli, pathogenic 63 1.1
Other bacterial agents 47 0.8
Parasites 31 0.5
Yersinia 17 0.3
Unknown 2 023 35.8
EU TOTAL 5 648
69, 553
Human Cases
7, 125
Hospitalisations
Foodborne Disease Outbreaks 2011
Source: EFSA , ECDC (2013), pp. 195,198.
CURRENT SITUATION
OIE Regional Seminar Belgrade, Serbia
15-17 October 2013
Contaminated Animal Feed Pet Foods (Melamine, Salmonella, Listeria) 15-30% Salmonella infections in pigs* Food Animals as Pathogen Reservoirs Contamination of Food for Human Consumption Contaminated food can be of animal and non-animal origin Widespread Effects Animal Illness (clinical or subclinical) Human Illness Antimicrobial Resistance
*Berends, B.R., et al. (1996). Identification and quanitification of risk factors in animal management and transport regarding Salmonella spp. in pigs. Int J Food Microbiol 30(1-2): 37-53. Hald, T., et al. (2012). Assessment of the human-health impact of Salmonella in animal feed. 1st Edition. National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark.
Foodborne Pathogens Affect Both Humans & Animals
SALMONELLA AMR
OIE Regional Seminar Belgrade, Serbia
15-17 October 2013
World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe. (2011). Tackling antibiotic resistance from a food safety perspective in Europe. p. 17.
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF AMR
OIE Regional Seminar Belgrade, Serbia
15-17 October 2013
Animal
FeedsMeat
Direct
Contact
EXTENDED
CARE
FACILITIES
HOSPITALIZED
HUMAN
Commercial
Abattoirs /
Processing
Plants
Rendering
FOOD
ANIMALS
SHEEP CATTLE
SWINE
POULTRY
VEALCALVES
Offal
COMPANION
ANIMALS
Vegetation,
Seed Crops, Fruit
Sewage
Drinking
water
Drinking
Water
Sea /
Lakes
SwimmingAQUACULTURE
Rivers and
Streams
EPIDEMIOLOGY EPIDEMIOLOGY
OF OF
ANTIMICROBIAL ANTIMICROBIAL
RESISTANCERESISTANCE
Industrial &
Household
Antibacterial
Chemicals
OTHER
FARMED LIVESTOCK
COMMUNITY
- URBAN-RURAL
WILDLIFE
SOIL
Handling
Preparation
Consumption
after Linton AH (1977), modified by Irwin RJ
Dead
stock
Farm Effluents and
Manure Spreading
Antibiotic use in one ecological compartment,
such as food animal production, can have consequences for the resistance situation in another
ecological compartment, such as public health
OIE Regional Seminar Belgrade, Serbia
15-17 October 2013
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF AMR
TAKE-HOME MESSAGE
OIE Regional Seminar Belgrade, Serbia
15-17 October 2013
Issues of Food Safety & Zoonoses, Animal & Human Health
TOO BIG for ANY ONE TO TACKLE
TEAM APPROACH
ONE HEALTH
OIE Regional Seminar Belgrade, Serbia
15-17 October 2013
*American Veterinary Medical Association. (2008). One health: A new professional imperative. One Health Initiative Task Force: Final Report.
ONE HEALTH
OIE Regional Seminar Belgrade, Serbia
15-17 October 2013
• Integrating Multiple Perspectives
• Combining Strengths & Resources
• Taking Joint Action
ONE HEALTH
OIE Regional Seminar Belgrade, Serbia
15-17 October 2013
*American Veterinary Medical Association. (2008). One health: A new professional imperative. One Health Initiative Task Force: Final Report.
OIE – WHO COLLABORATION
FRUITS of LABOUR:
ACCOMPLISHMENTS
ACCOMPLISHMENTS Joint Expert Meetings & Workshops on AMR
FAO-OIE-WHO
2003, 2004, 2006, 2007
Collaboration on Critical Antimicrobials Lists
Joint Technical & Scientific Consultations FAO-OIE-WHO
2008, 2010
Avian Influenza
Zoonoses
OIE Regional Seminar Belgrade, Serbia
15-17 October 2013
Joint Publications
Manual on Echinococcosis in Humans (WHO-OIE, 2001)
Brucellosis in Humans and Animals (FAO-OIE-WHO, 2006)
Guidelines ... Control of Trichinellosis (FAO-OIE-WHO, 2007)
Anthrax in Humans and Animals, 4th Edition (FAO-OIE-WHO, 2008)
Technical Update: Avian Influenza H5N1 (FAO-OIE-WHO, 2011)
ACCOMPLISHMENTS
OIE Regional Seminar Belgrade, Serbia
15-17 October 2013
Joint FAO, OIE, and WHO Statement on Rabies Elimination
“Different sectors and disciplines need
to collaborate closely, and World Rabies
Day is an opportunity to establish or
strengthen these links”
“FAO, OIE and WHO are working together to raise global awareness and commitment
to step-up the fight against rabies”
Global Alliance for Rabies Control. (2013). World Rabies Day. http://rabiesalliance.org/world-rabies-day/. Accessed 3 October 2013.
ACCOMPLISHMENTS
Tripartite Concept Note
FAO-OIE-WHO, 2010
“Sharing responsibilities and coordinating global
activities to address health risks at the anima-human
ecosystems interfaces”
OIE Regional Seminar Belgrade, Serbia
15-17 October 2013
ACCOMPLISHMENTS
Tripartite Concept Note
Framework for Inter-Organization Collaboration
Harmonization of
Normative work
Public Communication
Pathogen Detection
Risk Assessment & Management
Data Sharing & Research Development
OIE Regional Seminar Belgrade, Serbia
15-17 October 2013
FAO-OIE-WHO. (2010). The FAO-OIE-WHO Collaboration: Sharing responsibilities and coordinating global activities to address health risks at the animal-human-ecosystems interfaces (A Tripartite Concept Note). April 2010.
ACCOMPLISHMENTS
GLEWS Global Early Warning & Response System for
Major Animal Diseases Including Zoonoses
www.glews.net
• Established in 2006
• Integrate Alert & Response Systems
• Coordinate Alert Verification
• February 2013: GLEWS+ OIE Regional Seminar
Belgrade, Serbia 15-17 October 2013
http://www.glews.net/ 30 September 2013
ACCOMPLISHMENTS
OIE Regional Seminar Belgrade, Serbia
15-17 October 2013
http://www.glews.net/ 30 September 2013
GLEWS+
OIE Regional Seminar Belgrade, Serbia
15-17 October 2013
ACCOMPLISHMENTS
INFOSAN The International Food Safety Authorities Network
FAO-WHO Initiative Global Network
181 Member States
Ea. State has Contact Point
National-International Communication
Aims Rapid Info Exchange During Food Safety Events
Promote Inter-Country Collaboration Help Countries Strengthen Capacity
http://www.who.int/foodsafety/fs_management/infosan/en/
OIE Regional Seminar Belgrade, Serbia
15-17 October 2013
ACCOMPLISHMENTS
CODEX ALIMENTARIUS International Food Safety Standards
http://www.codexalimentarius.org/about-codex/en/
FAO-WHO Initiative
Standards, Guidelines, Codes of Practice Free, Public Information
International Food Trade Safety, Quality, Fairness
Codex Members Cover 99% of World Population
186 Codex Members 220 Codex Observers
Codex Trust Fund Assistance
Make a Wish! CODEX is 50!
ESSENTIAL
INGREDIENTS
ESSENTIAL INGREDIENTS
OIE Regional Seminar Belgrade, Serbia
15-17 October 2013
Trust
ESSENTIAL INGREDIENTS
OIE Regional Seminar Belgrade, Serbia
15-17 October 2013
Communication
ESSENTIAL INGREDIENTS
OIE Regional Seminar Belgrade, Serbia
15-17 October 2013
Conflict Resolution
ESSENTIAL INGREDIENTS
OIE Regional Seminar Belgrade, Serbia
15-17 October 2013
Mutual Benefits & Reciprocity:
Keeping the Common
Goal in Mind
NEXT ON THE
MENU
NEXT ON THE MENU
OIE Regional Seminar Belgrade, Serbia
15-17 October 2013
Collaboration on All Levels: International-Regional-National-Local
OIE Regional Seminar Belgrade, Serbia
15-17 October 2013
NEXT ON THE MENU
Health 2020: The European Strategy for Health & Well-Being
OIE Regional Seminar Belgrade, Serbia
15-17 October 2013
“Expanding interdisciplinary and intersectoral collaboration between human, environmental and animal health enhances public health effectiveness.” “The aims of Health 2020 will be achieved through a combination of individual and collective efforts.”
Health 2020: The European Strategy for Health & Well-Being
NEXT ON THE MENU
WHO Regional Office for Europe. (2013). Health 2020: A European policy framework and strategy for the 21st century. WHO Regional Office for Europe. (2013). Health 2020: A European policy framework and strategy for the 21st century.
IDEAL: HEALTH FOR ALL
OIE Regional Seminar Belgrade, Serbia
15-17 October 2013
Credits
CREDITS
OIE Regional Seminar Belgrade, Serbia
15-17 October 2013
Alicia May Leahy MD/PhD Candidate Texas A&M Health Science Center Intern, Food Safety WHO Regional Office for Europe ALA@euro.who.int
CREDITS
OIE Regional Seminar Belgrade, Serbia
15-17 October 2013
Dr. Liz Mumford Food Safety and Zoonoses
WHO Head Quarters, Geneva
Bernadette Abela-Ridder Neglected Zoonotic Diseases WHO Head Quarters, Geneva
Gillian Mylrea Deputy Head
International Trade Department World Organisation for Animal Health
REFERENCES American Veterinary Medical Association. (2008). One health: A new professional imperative. One Health Initiative Task Force: Final Report. Berends, B.R., et al. (1996). Identification and quanitification of risk factors in animal management and transport regarding Salmonella spp. in pigs. Int J Food Microbiol 30(1-2): 37-53. Cocchi, M., et al. (2010). Canine nephrotoxicosis induced by melamine-contaminated pet food in Italy. J. Vet. Med. Sci. 72(1): 103-107. EFSA ,(European Food Safety Authority), ECDC (European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control), (2013). The European Union summary on trends and sources of zoonoses, zoonotic agents and food-bourne outbreaks in 2011. EFSA Journal 11(4): 3129 , 250 pp. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. (2012). Antimicrobial resistance surveillance in Europe 2011. (EARS-Net). Stockholm: ECDC; 2012. Annual Report of the European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network . FAO. (2013). FAO, OIE and WHO unite for World Rabies Day to call for elimination of disease. 27 September. http://www.fao.org/news/story/en/item/198087/icode. Accessed 3 October 2013. FAO-OIE-WHO. (2010). The FAO-OIE-WHO Collaboration: Sharing responsibilities and coordinating global activities to address health risks at the animal-human-ecosystems interfaces (A Tripartite Concept Note). April 2010.
Food Standards Agency (2011). Foodborne diseases strategy 2010-2015: Objectives, vision and approach. Version 1-0. Global Alliance for Rabies Control. (2013). World Rabies Day. http://rabiesalliance.org/world-rabies-day/. Accessed 3 October 2013. Hald, T., et al. (2012). Assessment of the human-health impact of Salmonella in animal feed. 1st Edition. National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark. WHO Regional Office for Europe. (2011). Tackling antibiotic resistance from a food safety perspective in Europe. p. 17. WHO Regional Office for Europe. (2013). Health 2020: A European policy framework and strategy for the 21st century.
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OIE Regional Seminar Belgrade, Serbia
15-17 October 2013
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