What’s the hottest thing you’ve ever felt and what’s the coldest? Tell me in at least 4...

What’s the hottest thing you’ve ever felt and what’s the coldest? Tell me in at least 4 sentences.

MIMTY

Intro to Thermodynamics

Today we start our unit on thermodynamics. But before we begin our activity, let's quickly break down this word to discuss what it means.

Thermodynamics

Intro to Thermodynamics

Spread around the classroom are a number of stations for you to learn about heat. Go to each of the stations and answer the questions it asks on a separate piece of paper. You will turn this in as a lab write up.

NOTE: There is fire in this activity. If you can't act responsibly, you don't get to participate.

labs

Heat Expansion

Heat

Temperature

Energy that moves from one thing to another.

A measurement of the average kinetic energy of the molecules of a substance

notes

Take a look at the following pictures for a few minutes and tell me what they have in common.

Heat Expansion

Take a look at the following pictures for a few minutes and tell me what they have in common.

In all these pictures, things

aren’t fitting together right.

Too big, too tight. Too stuck.

Heat Expansion

Sidewalk cracks

Heat Expansion

What makes a sidewalk crack?

We call this Heat Expansion. When things heat up, they spread out and expand.

Some things expand quicker than others, depending what they’re made of.

Heat Expansion

example Jar and lid:

Normally, the two fit

together just right.

Now the lid isn’t big enough, so it fits super tight.

If we want to get the lid off, we can do so easily by heating it up.

Heat Expansion

example Sidewalk cracks:

On hot summer

days, the

pavement of the

sidewalk tries to expand.

We make grooves and lines in sidewalks so they’ll have a little room to grow, but this usually isn’t enough.

When the sidewalk tries to grow bigger, it doesn’t have room, so it cracks.

Heat Expansion

Thermometers Let’s take one last step for heat expansion.

Using these ideas of heat expansion, explain how a thermometer can measure how hot something is:

Heat Expansion

Thermometers Let’s take one last step for heat expansion.

Using these ideas of heat expansion, explain how a thermometer can measure how hot something is:

As the liquid inside heats up, it expands and gets higher. We can measure exactly how high it is to get temperature

Heat Expansion

QuestionWhich of the following situations would end with you getting burned?

A: Touching the metal rack inside a hot ovenB: Putting your hand in the oven without touching anythingC: Putting your hand into a pot of boiling waterD: Putting your finger next to the flame on a candleE: Staying in a tanning booth for 6 hours straightF: Sitting about 2 feet away from a small campfire.Heat Expansion

QuestionWhich of the following situations would end with you getting burned?

A: Touching the metal rack inside a hot oven

C: Putting your hand into a pot of boiling water E: Staying in a tanning booth for 6 hours straight

Movement of Heat

How heat moves

Heat moves from warm things into cold things. Never the other way around.

notes

Movement of Heat

How heat moves

example

Heat moves from warm things into cold things. Never the other way around.

Stick a hot metal poker in the fire. One end will heat up and the heat will start moving up towards the end you’re holding.

heat

Movement of Heat

How heat moves

example

Heat moves from warm things into cold things. Never the other way around.

Stick a hot metal poker in the fire. One end will heat up and the heat will start moving up towards the end you’re holding.

heat

So why don’t youget burned?

Movement of Heat

How heat moves

Conductors

insulators

The heat will move through the metal easier than it will move through the wood.

Heat moves through some things more easily than through others.

Move heat easily

Do not move heat easily

Movement of Heat

How heat moves

Conduction

The heat will move through the metal easier than it will move through the wood.

When heat moves between two touching things, we call it “conduction”.

Movement of Heat

How heat moves

Conduction

The heat will move through the metal easier than it will move through the wood.

Heat moves through some things more easily than through others.

When heat moves between two touching things, we call it “conduction”.

Heat will spread from one end of the object to the other as evenly and as quickly as it can.

Vocabulary

Conduction Heat transfer between two touching things.

vocab

Movement of Heat

Convection Can heat move between things without two things having to touch?

notes

Movement of Heat

Convection Can heat move between things without two things having to touch?

Yes!

examples: - Heat from a fire - Hot air balloon - Weather (tornadoes, hurricanes)

Movement of Heat

Convection Can heat move between things without two things having to touch?

Yes!

examples: - Heat from a fire - Hot air balloon - Weather (tornadoes, hurricanes)

What do these have in common?

Movement of Heat

Conduction

Convection

Conduction is about how heat moves between two touching things.

Convection is about how heat is transferred by particles or atoms.

Particles move because they have changed temperature

Movement of Heat

Convection

Two Facts

Conduction is about how heat moves between two touching things.

Convection is about how heat is transferred by particles or atoms.

There are two things we need to know about how heat moves through things that aren’t touching.

Movement of Heat

Convection

Two Facts

Conduction is about how heat moves between two touching things.

Convection is about how heat is transferred by particles or atoms.

There are two things we need to know about how heat moves through things that aren’t touching.

#1) Heat rises upwards

Movement of Heat

Convection

Two Facts

Conduction is about how heat moves between two touching things.

Convection is about how heat is transferred by particles or atoms.

There are two things we need to know about how heat moves through things that aren’t touching.

#1) Heat rises upwards#2) Expanding air gets cold

Movement of Heat

examples Hot air balloons:

The heat from the fire rises up into the balloon.

This air in the balloon is lighter than the airaround it so the whole balloon rises up into the air.

Movement of Heat

examples Weather:

Hot air near the oceans rises up and travels over the continent. It meets cold air that has come down from alaska and they mix. This is where we get storms and tornadoes.

Vocabulary

Convection Heat transferred with the movement of particles.

vocab

Movement of Heat

Radiation We’re still missing one big way that energy moves. Anything yet that we can’t describe?

notes

Movement of Heat

Radiation We’re still missing one big way that energy moves. Anything yet that we can’t describe?

The sun!

Movement of Heat

Radiation We’re still missing one big way that energy moves. Anything yet that we can’t describe?

The sun!

Not conduction: if the sun was touching us, we’d be dead!

Not convection: there’s no air or water or anything for the heat to go through between the sun and us.

Movement of Heat

Radiation We’re still missing one big way that energy moves. Anything yet that we can’t describe?

The sun!

Not conduction: if the sun was touching us, we’d be dead!

Not convection: there’s no air or water or anything for the heat to go through between the sun and us.

So there must be a third kind of heat!

Movement of Heat

Radiation This third kind is radiation. Radiation heat travels as waves.

This can travel through empty space!

Movement of Heat

Radiation This third kind is radiation. Radiation heat travels as waves.

This can travel through empty space!

example: the sun - the sun creates a lot of light, and the heat from it goes with the light.

Vocabulary

Radiation Heat energy stored in light. Can move through empty space. All light has radiation heat of some kind.

vocab

Exit Question

Think of an object or situation that has all 3 kinds of heat movement