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Welcome to the World of
Fruit Fly Genetics
This is a *female* fruit fly
Notice the tiger-striped abdomen and thesimple tag-like tip on the abdomen.
The tip at the end of the female abdomen is the excretory opening.Just proximal to this opening is the female genital opening.
Female Genitalia
This is a mature male fruit fly
Mature males have a prominent black abdominal end.Males also have tiny “sex combs” on their front pair of legs.
Here’s a close up of the male genital region. Notice the metallic sheen of the genitals.
One male and one female
Find their distinguishing features.
Ventral view of a male and female
Find their distinguishing features
Female laying an egg
Notice the relatively larger size and
lighter pigmentation of the
virgin female as compared with the
mature female
This is a third instar larva prior to pupation Mouth
Anus
Tiny fly eggs hatch into tiny worm-like larvae. The larvae eat
and grow in length and girth. The maximum size
of the larval stage is called
the third instar. This larval stage becomes a pupa.
Larva to Pupa Stages
Larvae are mobile
With the onset of pupation the worm-like larva contracts and a parchment-like pupa case hardens around the metamorphosing fly.
Pupalstages
Fly metamorphosis in pupa
When the fly emerges from the pupal case the wings are still wet and folded.
When flies are newly hatchedtheir wings are still damp
and folded.
Is this a male or a female?
This is a male. Pigmentation has not developed.
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