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Web 2.0 & Public ParticipationJing Shi
School of Public Administration
OutlineWeb 2.0
ConceptsApplicationsTechniques
How Web 2.0 influence public participationCases Discussion
DefinitionWeb 2.0 is a term describing the trend in the use of
World Wide Web technology and web design that aims to enhance creativity, information sharing, and, most notably, collaboration among users.
These concepts have led to the development and evolution of web-based communities and hosted services, such as social-networking sites, wikis, and blogs.
Web 2.0 touches every aspect of our daily lives
Weibo （ Microblog ） , Twitter
Renren, Facebook
Qzone (QQ instant messaging)
Wiki
Google docs
……
CategoriesOnline communities
Blogs: easy web authoring & publishing
Wikis: collaborative editing of online documents
Media sharing: images and video
Shared bookmarks
Putting it all together: syndication & “mashups”
Online Communities
Large & smallMySpace: primarily personal and entertainment-
orientedFacebook: primarily personal and recreational, but
with some professional presenceLinkedIn: Focus on professional networking
Online Communities: Facebook
Primarily personal and recreational
Free to members (supported by advertising)
Members create profile, then connect to “friends”
Online Communities: Facebook
Members can see who else is connected to their friends, and request their own connection (“friend” them)
Friends can send messages, share photos, etc.
Online Communities: Facebook
Individuals with common interests can form groups
Can be social, casual, or professional
Online Communities: Facebook
Some facebook pages represent organizations, not individuals
Used for information sharing, promotion, and publicity
China’s alternative to Facebook
www.renren.com
Difference Between FB & RenRen
Online Communities: LinkedIn
LinkedIn is a business-oriented social networking site. Think Facebook with a more professional bent. The profiles look more like resumes and you have
"contacts" instead of "friends" as you would have on Facebook.
Method for building network is similar to facebook – contact lists are shared, and if you want to add someone to your own network, an invitation is sent via the system. They can look at your profile and decide whether or not to accept your invitation.
http://www.linkedin.com
Online Communities: LinkedIn
Microblogging:Twitter Twitter offers a social networking and microblogging
service, enabling its users to send and read other users' messages called tweets.
Tweets are text-based posts of up to 140 characters displayed on the user's profile page.
Tweets are publicly visible by default, however senders can restrict message delivery to their friends list.
Users may subscribe to other author tweets—this is known as following and subscribers are known as follower . Users can follow lists (groups) of authors instead of just following individual authors.
Weibo ( 微博 )Developed by Sina (a news website/search
engine similar to yahoo)
368 million users （ this number is still increasing）
No English interface
Celebrities on Weibo
adf
Wikis & Collaborative Editing Tools
Shared editing of online documents, with version control
Wikipedia.org is famous example
Google Docs is very popular cloud service
Media Sharing: Images & Video
Image services include Flickr, Shutterfly, Picasa
Video services include Youtube.com, tudou.com, youku.com
YouTubeYouTube is a video-sharing website on which
users can upload, share, and view videos. Unregistered users can watch the videos, while registered users are permitted to upload an unlimited number of videos.
Youtube partner program allows enhanced channels for educational institutions and non-profits
Putting It Together – Links & Syndication
How to keep track of these different systems?
Connect them to each other with syndication (RSS) and similar feeds to other services.
Reinforce connections with links between your main website and social platforms
MashupA Web Site or Web application that seamlessly
combines content from more than one source into an integrated experience.
The term derives from its similar use in pop music, where a mashup is a category of music where the tune from one song is combined with the vocals from another.
Example: a Website for an amusement park that contains a Mapquest （ googlemap ） page for visitors to get directions.
Web 2.0 is changing the way we live
Traditionally
Now
Create, not just consume
Improve collaboration
“Web 2.0 is the business revolution in the computer industry caused by the move to the Internet as a platform, and an attempt to understand the rules for success on that new platform.”
- Tim O’Reilly
O’Reilly first create the item “Web 2.0” in 2004
What is Web 2.0?
SummaryWeb as a platform
Software as services
Architecture of participation
Social media
Harnessing collective intelligence
Why government consider Web 2.0 applications very important?
Data from CNNIC ： China Internet Network Information Center 中国互联网络发展状况统计报告
564Million
Data from CNNIC ： China Internet Network Information Center 中国互联网络发展状况统计报告
Data from CNNIC ： China Internet Network Information Center 中国互联网络发展状况统计报告
Data from Nielson 中国社交媒体受访用户研究报告， 2012 CZT/ACN Trademarks, L.L.C
Communications ToolsTraditional New
What is used today in Government
Blogs–moderated discussions
RSS–Web information updates
Podcasts–news, information, topics of interest
Text messages–subscription basis specific topics
Facebook/MySpace/YouTube
Video and photo sharing
Example: white house homepage integrated many Web 2.0 applications
Government Microblog
Why do we need to engage government through Web 2.0?
Interaction between government and citizens been largely 1-way: little dialogue.
Access to public service institutions (core channels of interaction between government and governed) has been limited. New media provides a channel for public service to reach the public.
Web 2.0 provides a channel through which the people can make demands on the government.
Make government more transparent and accountable.
Web 2.0 and Public Participation
Case 1 ： Dacai Yang （杨达才）
nickname ： Uncle “watches”
Case 2 ： Wael Ghonim- Inside the Egyptian Revolution
Case 1: 杨达才2012.8.26 morning ， Shanxi province Yanan city ，
severe car accident-36 died,2 heavily injured
Uncle ‘ Watches’ 表叔
people express their anger in comic pics
DiscussionThe benefits of Web 2.0 for government
The challenges of Web 2.0 for government
Benefits
Increased access to audiences
Increased transparency and accountability
Improved accessibility of communication
Increased speed of public feedback and input
Enables government to be more active in its relationships
Challenges ？
The end
& Thank you ！
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