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HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved
Internal
www.huawei.com
WCDMA RAN11 HSPA+
Features
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Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:
Know new features of HSPA+ in RAN11
Learn the principles and configurations of the new
features
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References
《RAN11.0 Feature Parameter Description》
《25.899》
《25.308》
《25.211》
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Abbreviations
CQI Channel quality indication
H-RNTI HSPA random network temporary identifier
MBMS Multimedia broadcasting and multicast service
PTP/PTM
Point to point / point to multipoint
CPC Continuous packet connectivity
TPC Transmit power control
TB Transport block
RTT Round trip time
MIMO Multi input multi output
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Preface
HSDPA is introduced in R5, downlink 14.4Mbps is supposed to be
supported
HSUPA is introduced in R6, uplink 5.73Mbps is supposed to be
supported
Key technology of HSDPA includes 2ms frame, AMC and HARQ, etc.
Key technology of HSUPA includes 2ms frame and HARQ, etc.
In RAN10 and earlier version, HSPA Phase1 and Phase 2 is
implemented, supporting the features mentioned above
HSPA+ is introduce in R7, which is implemented in RAN11, supporting
enhanced L2, CPC, 64QAM, MIMO and enhanced CELL-FACH, etc.
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Chapter 1 RAN11 L2 enhancement
Chapter 2 RAN11 CELL-FACH enhancement
Chapter 3 RAN11 CPC feature
Chapter 4 RAN11 other features of HSPA+
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Background of L2 enhancement
In RAN10, RLC PDU size is fixed, this will cause padding and PDU
multiplexing, and brings too much overhead information
Possible solution is:
Bigger window size, but this will damage the efficiency because MAC-hs
will multiplex more RLC PDU which brings more overhead information
Flexible PDU size, larger size is a good way for higher data rate, and
smaller size is good for UE which is far from the NodeB
Shorter RTT, but this is not controllable
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L2 enhancement in RAN11
RAN11 Implementation:
Flexible PDU size in RLC (AM) layer
MAC-ehs is introduced in MAC layer
Flexible PDU Size
RLC AM support fixed size and flexible size
In case of flexible size, maximum RLC size is 1500 byte,
corresponding 12032bits of MAC-d PDU
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L2 enhancement in RAN11
MAC-ehs
High layer could configure MAC-ehs or MAC-hs
MAC-ehs supports flexible RLC PDU sizes
MAC-ehs supports segmentation and reassemble
MAC-ehs supports MIMO
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L2 enhancement in RAN11
The MAC-ehs SDUs included in a MAC-ehs PDU can have a different size
and a different priority and can be mapped to different logical channels.
MAC-ehs
MAC – Control
HS-DSCH
TFRC selection
Priority Queuedistribution
Associated DownlinkSignalling
Associated Uplink
Signalling
MAC-d flows
PriorityQueue
Scheduling/Priority handling
PriorityQueue
PriorityQueue
Segmentation
Segmentation
Segmentation
Priority Queue MUX
HARQ entity
MAC-hs
MAC – Control
HS-DSCH
TFRC selection
Priority Queuedistribution
Associated Downlink Associated UplinkSignalling
MAC-d flows
HARQ entity
Priority Queuedistribution
PriorityQueue
PriorityQueue
PriorityQueue
PriorityQueue
Scheduling/Priority handling
MAC-hs (25.321-830) MAC-ehs(25.321-830)
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L2 enhancement in RAN11
64QAM, MIMO and E-FACH is based on L2 Enhancement
MML commands:
ADD CELLALGOSWITCH
− HspaPlusSwitch to enable L2ENHANCED
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Chapter 1 RAN11 L2 enhancement
Chapter 2 RAN11 CELL-FACH enhancement
Chapter 3 RAN11 CPC feature
Chapter 4 RAN11 other features of HSPA+
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Enhanced CELL-FACH state
The HS-DSCH reception in CELL_FACH state is enabled by the UTRANby including the parameters for HS-DSCH reception in CELL_FACH
state in the system information broadcast
For uplink transmission the UE shall use the RACH
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Enhanced CELL-FACH state
In protocol point of view
HS-DSCH
Associated Uplink
Signallingssociated Downlink
ignalling
FACH RACH
DCCH DTCHDTCH
DSCH
MAC Control
Iur or local
MAC Control
DCH DCH
MAC-d
USCHTDD only
MAC-c/sh
CPCHFDD only
CCCH CTCHBCCH SHCCHTDD only
PCCH
FACHPCH USCHTDD only
DSCHIub
MAC Control
MAC-ehs
Configuration without MAC-c/sh
Configuration with MAC-c/sh
Configuration with MAC-c/sh
Figure 1, from 25.308-770
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Enhanced CELL-FACH state
Advantages of ECELL-FACHHigher data rate is possible in Non CELL-DCH state
Quicker state transition from Cell-FACH to Cell-DCH
No interruption of receiving data for the UE when transit from Cell-
FACH to Cell-DCH
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Enhanced CELL-FACH state
ECELL-FACH state in RAN11:UE does not transmit ACK/NACK and CQI, UTRAN may set fixed
times of retransmit to improve reliability
UE reports the quality of downlink CPICH on RACH to RNC, RNC
sends the measurement result to NodeB in HS-DSCH data frames,
then NodeB could schedule the modulation and transmit power
ECELL-FACH related parameters is broadcasted in system
information block sib5/sib5bis/sib6, including HS-SCCH、HS-
PDSCH、common H-RNTI parameters
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Enhanced CELL-FACH state
UE behavior in ECELL-FACH state: If ECELL-FACH parameters is broadcasted, the UE which support E-
FACH should use E-FACH state instead of CELL-FACH whenever
possible
UTRAN(SRNC)can acquire the UE capability of E-FACH in the RRC
setup request message, and DRNC may acquire the UE capability of E-
FACH in the cell update message
UE can’t receive HS-DSCH and SCCPCH at the same time(an exception
is the MBMS PTM)
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MML Commands and Parameters
ADD CELLALGOSWITCHHspaPlusSwitch to enable both EFACH and L2ENHANCED
SET RRCESTCAUSE
EFachSwitch is on
SET CORRMALGOSWITCH
MapSwitch to enable MAP_PS_BE_ON_E_FACH_SWITCH and
other service
ADD CELLEFACH / ACT CELLEFACH
SET UESTATETRANS
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Chapter 1 RAN11 L2 enhancement
Chapter 2 RAN11 CELL-FACH enhancement
Chapter 3 RAN11 CPC feature
Chapter 4 RAN11 other features of HSPA+
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CPC technology
Continuous packet connectivity (CPC), enables packet data users to avoidfrequent packet connection re-establishment, thus resulting in less
overhead and improving system efficiency
CPC includes several new features:
A new UL DPCCH slot format;
DTX-DRX:
− UL DTX;
− DTX_DRX;
HS-SCCH less Operation;
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A New UL DPCCH Slot Format
A new slot format
slot format 4, each slot carries 6 pilot bits and 4 TPC bits
Compared with slot format 1, less pilot information is
transmitted
The advantage:
In times of no data transmission, with more TPC
information and less pilot, DPCCH may transmit with less
power Slot
Format #i
Channel Bit
Rate (kbps)
Channel
Symbol Rate
SF Bits/
Frame
Bits/
Slot
Npilot NTPC NTFCI NFBI Transmitted
slots per frame
1 15 15 256 150 10 8 2 0 0 8-15
4 15 15 256 150 10 6 4 0 0 8-15
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DTX-DRX
DTX_DRX consists of 2 parts, they are UL DTX and DL DRX
DL DRX could be applied only when UL DTX is enabled.
Basic principle of DTR-DRX
By transmitting and receiving data on a pre-configured discontinuous
frame pattern, UE and NodeB could save power on the slot whenthere is no data, thus decrease uplink interference and UE power
consuming while still maintaining the physical channel synchronization
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Uplink DTX
When there is no transmission on EDCH or HS-DPCCH, UE will stop
continuous DPCCH transmitting, but follow a pre-configured pattern to
transmit unsuccessively for maintaining physical sync.
2 types of DTX pattern could be configured
2ms, E-DPDCH/E-
DPCCH sub-frame
10ms, E-DPDCH/E-DPCCH radio frame
UE_DTX_cycle_1
UE_DTX_cycle_2
CFN
Inactivity_Threshold_for_UE_DTX_cycle_2
UE_DTX_cycle_2
E-DCH
transmission,
2ms TTI
Uplink DPCCH
burst pattern
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DL DRX
DL DRX could be activated only when uplink DTX is activated,
DL DRX pattern should preconfigured for HS-SCCH, HSUPA control
channels (AGCH/RGCH), and F-DPCH
For F-DPCH
When uplink DPCCH is discontinuous transmitting, in the gap slot,NodeB can’t get TPC bit, F-DPCH will not change its transmitting
power, in the corresponding slot, F-DPCH is not required to send
downlink TPC either.
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HS-SCCH less Operation
The HS-SCCH-less HS-DSCH transmission is a mechanism whereby thefirst HS-DSCH transmission of small transport blocks on predefined HS-
DSCH is performed without the accompanying HS-SCCH, this is
applicable to low data rate service such as VoIP, AMR service.
The modulation used is restricted to QPSK
Only 4 pre-defined TB formats for MAC-hs or MAC-ehs PDUs are
allowed
At most two pre-defined HS-PDSCH OVSF codes are assigned per
UE
At anytime, the UE may receive an HS-SCCH-less HS-DSCH
transmission on one or two of the configured codes and must perform
blind decoding on all 4 configured formats.
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UE state transition in HSPA+
After supporting CPC and E-FACH, UE state could be in these states:
Non CPC supporting CELL-DCH: CELL-DCH
CPC supporting CELL-DCH: CELL-DCH(CPC)
Non E-FACH supporting CELL-FACH: CELL-FACH
E-FACH supporting CELL-FACH: eCELL-FACH
New states (in red color) brings more types of state transition as follow:
Between CELL-DCH and ECELL-FACH
Between CELL-DCH(CPC) and CELL-FACH
Between CELL-DCH(CPC) and ECELL-FACH
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UE state transition in HSPA+
The new state transition uses 4A/4B event report and transitiontimer parameters, these parameters are consistent with the
original state transition parameters, or some new 4A/4B/timers
parameters are added for the specific state transition
The MML commands are:
SET UESTATETRANS
SET UESTATETRANSTIMER
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MML commands and parameters
SET CORRMALGOSWITCH
CfgSwitch to configure CFG_HSPA_DTX_DRX_SWITCH ,
CFG_HSPA_HSSCCH_LESS_OP_SWITCH
ADD CELLALGOSWITCH
HspaPlusSwitch to enable DTX_DRX,
HS_SCCH_LESS_OPERATION, L2ENHANCED
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Chapter 1 RAN11 L2 enhancement
Chapter 2 RAN11 CELL-FACH enhancement
Chapter 3 RAN11 CPC feature
Chapter 4 RAN11 other features of HSPA+
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Enhanced F-DPCH
In RAN10,
F-DPCH only support 1 time slot format, and only 1 TPC could be
carried in one time slot
(Tx OFF)
NOFF2 bits
Slot #0 Slot #1 Slot #i Slot #14
Tslot = 2560 chips
1 radio frame: Tf = 10 ms
TPC
NTPC bits
(Tx OFF)
NOFF1 bits
Slot
Format #i
Channel Bit
Rate (kbps)
Channel Symbol
Rate (ksps)
SF Bits/ Slot F-DPCH (Bits/Slot)
NTPC
0 3 1.5 256 2 2
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Enhanced F-DPCH
RAN11 support 10 time slot formats, R7 introduces more formats to
support more flexible configurations to enhance the code efficiency.
ADD CELLALGOSWITCH: cellid=1, HspaEnhSwitch=E_F_DPCH_ON
Slot
Format #i
Channel
Bit Rate
(kbps)
Channel
Symbol
Rate (ksps)
SF Bits/ Slot NOFF1
Bits/Slot
NTPC
Bits/Slot
NOFF2
Bits/Slot
0 3 1.5 256 20 2 2 16
1 3 1.5 256 20 4 2 14
2 3 1.5 256 20 6 2 12
3 3 1.5 256 20 8 2 10
4 3 1.5 256 20 10 2 8
5 3 1.5 256 20 12 2 6
6 3 1.5 256 20 14 2 4
7 3 1.5 256 20 16 2 2
8 3 1.5 256 20 18 2 0
9 3 1.5 256 20 0 2 18
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64QAM
64QAM allows 6 bits of information to communicate in one modulation
symbol interval, in case of high signal to noise ratio environment, datarate could be 1.5 times of 16QAM
In R7, the data rate of HSDPA could be in theory: TB_Size/TTI
=43128/2ms=21.564Mbps;
Signal constellation for QPSK/16QAM/64QAM
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MIMO technology
Transmitter: N parallel streams of data is transmitted by the same frequency,
spreading code at the same time, if the channel response of the transmit
antennas are independent, the streams could be decoded at the receiver
Receiver: each receiving antenna receives all the signal, and differentiates
the N parallel channels and decodes and combines the data
by pre coding, parallel independent channel (orthogonal) could be createdand parallel streams of data could be transmitted, the channel capacity is
increase
data1 data2 data3
High speed
data1
data2
data3
Multiple transmition
data1 data2 data3
data1 data2 data3
data1 data2 data3
data1 data2 data3
Multiple reception
data1 data2 data3
Data recovered
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MIMO technology
In RAN11, MIMO is supported
Peak data rate could be:
2×2 MIMO: 14.4Mbps × 2= 28.8Mbps。
By link simulation, the performance is not much improved for the UE which is
at the border of the coverage, while the UE near the site could gain a better
performance then 16QAM
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MIMO technology
Peak data rate could be:
2×2 MIMO: 14.4Mbps × 2= 28.8Mbps。
By link simulation, the performance is not much improved for the UE
which is at the border of the coverage, while the UE near the site
could gain a better performance then 16QAM
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MML Commands and Parameters
ADD CELLALGOSWITCH
HspaPlusSwitch to enable MIMO, 64QAM, L2ENHANCED
ACT CELLMIMO
SET CORRMALGOSWITCH
CfgSwitch to configure CFG_HSDPA_64QAM_SWITCH,CFG_HSDPA_MIMO_SWITCH
SET FRC
HSPAPLUSSELECTION to select MIMO/64QAM
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Specifications improved
RAN10 RAN11
Max HSPA user number
per cell
64 (64 HSDPA,60 HSUPA) 96 HSDPA, 96 HSUPA
Downlink Peak data rate
of UE
14.4Mbps 21Mbps(64QAM)
28Mbps(MIMO)
Baseband board capability
for H users (E-board)
144 HSDPA+72 HSUPA 144 HSDPA+72 HSUPA
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谢谢
www.huawei.com
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