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8/6/2019 Wave Tidal
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renewable energy source
presenting
WAVE & TIDAL ENERGY
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Mueen Aslam
Waqas Arif Butt
Rao Muhammad Ahmed Usman Amir Butt
Junaid Ajmal
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History of Wave Energy
In 1799 by Girard and his Son gave idea
In1910 in Paris by Bochaux Praceique
In 1973 by Stephen Salter , Johan Falnes
and Michael E. etc.
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History of Tidal Energy
In 900 AD. People used this energy for grinding
grains.
In 12th Century mills were used in France andEngland.
1st commercial tidal power plant was used in
1960. It is producing 240 M Watt.
2nd commercial tidal power plant was used in
1982.It is producing 200 M Watt.
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What is Wave?
TYPES OF WAVES
Longitudinal waves
Transverse waves
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TYPES OF WAVES
Longitudinal waves
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TYPES OF WAVES
Transverse waves
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WAVE AND
TIDAL ENERGY
What are Tides?
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TYPES OF TIDES
Spring Tides
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TYPES OF TIDES
Neap Tides
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TYPES OF OCEAN ENERGY
Wave energy
Tidal energy
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WAVE ENERGY
Wave energy is the transport of energy by ocean waves
and capture of that energy to do useful work.
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TIDAL ENERGY
Tidal energy is the energy that could be obtained from
the changing of sea levels.
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Wave Energy
I
ntroduction Waves are created by the gravitational action
of sun and the moon and also by the
interaction of wind with the surface of the
sea.
Wave power is practically inexhaustible and
classified as a renewable energy source.
Wave energy can be extracted and convertedinto electricity by wave power machines. They
can be deployed either on the shoreline or in
deeper waters offshore.
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Wave Energy Generating Devices
1.Float or Pitching Device or buoyant moored
device
2.Oscillating Water Columns (OWC)
3.Hinged contour device
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1.Float or Pitching Device or buoyant moored
device
The device floats on or just below the
surface of the water and is moored to thesea floor.
A wave power machine needs to resist the
motion of the waves in order to generate
power: part of the machine needs to movewhile another part remains still.
In this type of device, the mooring is static
and is arranged in such a way that the waves
motion will move only one part of the
machine. Electricity is generated from the
bobbing or pitching action of a floating
object which can be mounted to a floating
raft or to a device fixed on the ocean floor.
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2.Oscillating Water Columns (OWC)
An oscillating water column is a partiallysubmerged, hollow structure that is installed
in the ocean.
It is open to the sea below the water line,enclosing a column of air on top of a column
of water.
Waves cause the water column to rise and fall,which in turn compresses and depresses the
air column.
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Oscillating Water Columns (OWC)..
This trapped air is allowed to flow to and from
the atmosphere via a Wells turbine, which has
the ability to rotate in the same direction
regardless of the direction of the airflow. The
rotation of the turbine is used to generate
electricity.
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3.Hinged counter device
Here, the resistance to the waves is created by
the alternate motion of the waves, which
raises and lowers different sections of the
machine relative to each other, pushinghydraulic fluid through hydraulic pumps to
generate electricity.
A hinged contour device is able to operate atgreater depths than the buoyant moored
device.
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Hinged counter device
These shoreline devices, also called "taperedchannel" systems, rely on a shore-mounted
structure to channel and concentrate the
waves, driving them into an elevated reservoir.
Water flow out of this reservoir is used to
generate electricity, using standard
hydropower technologies.
The main problem with wave power is thatthe sea is a very harsh, unforgiving
environment.
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Hinged counter device
An economically-viable wave power machine
will need to generate power over a wide range
of wave sizes, as well as being able to
withstand the largest and most severe stormsand other potential problems such as algae,
barnacles and corrosion.
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Tidal Energy
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TIDAL ENERGY
What is tidal energy?
Tidal power is the power of
electricity achieved by capturingthe energy contained in moving
water mass due to tides
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TIDEL ENERGY
Tidal power work like a hydro-electric scheme
expect that the dam is much bigger.
1). A huge dam called a barrage is built across a
river. When the tides goes in & out the water flow
through tunnels in the dam.
2). The flow of tides can be used to run a turbine.
3). Only around 20 sites in the world have beenidentified as possible tidal power stations.
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Energy Form Moon
Tides are generated by the combination of moon &
sun gravitational force.
Greater affect in spring when moon and suncombine forces
Bays and inlets amplify the height of tide.
In order to be practically for energy production the
height difference needs to be at least 5 meters.
Overall potential of 3000 gaga watts from movement
of tides.
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Energy Form Moon
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How its Works
1) First generation barrage-style tidalplants.
2) Works by building barrage to containwater after high tide then water has topass through a turbine to return to lowtide.
3) Sites in France, Canada & Russia
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Methods Of Generating Tidal Energy
Tidal power can be generated by three
methods
1)T
idal stream generator2) Tidal Barrage
3) Dynamic tidal power
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Tidal Barrage
Tidal barrage is a dam like structure used
to capture the energy from masses of
water moving in and out of a bay or river
due to tidal forces. Instead of damaging water on one side
like a conventional dam a tidal barrage
first allow water to flow into bay or riverduring high tide and releasing water back
during low tide.
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How Tidal Power Works
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How Tidal Power works
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ADVANTAGES
No Pollution
Renewable energy
More efficient that wind because of the density of
water
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DISADVANTAGES
Presently costly
Expensive to build and maintain
Technology is not fully developed
To produce 1085 MW, 1.2 million dollars to
construct and run connection to the grid.
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Alternative
sources of
Energy
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Alternative sources of energy
Fossil fuels:
Anaerobic decomposition of organisms
Solar Power
Light coming from sun converts into energy.
Nuclear Power Energy from nuclear reaction. Such as Fission reaction.
Hydroelectricity
Energy obtained from water.
Biomass
Energy from waste. Wave & Tidal Energy
Moving water mass from tides.
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Advantages
andDisadvantages
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Advantages
A much greater extent of power is concentratedin the motion of waves than in the movement
of air. Whereas the power density at a good
wind energy site may be of the order of a few
square meter, the power density in a
corresponding area of wave motion may be up
to 100 times greater.
It produces no greenhouse gases or otherwaste.
It needs no fuel.
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Advantages..
Wave energy has this advantage over wind orsolar energy that the energy has been
naturally concentrated by accumulation over-
time and space and transported from thepoint at which it was originally present in the
winds.
It produces electricity reliably.
It is free and renewable energy source.
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Advantages..
These devices are relatively pollution free, and
because they remove energy from the waves,
the water is left.
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Disadvantages
The major disadvantage of wave energy, ascompared to wind, is that the energy is
available in the ocean. Therefore the
extraction equipment must operate in amarine environment which will have to be
taken into account during its construction and
its maintenance ,lifetime and reliability should
be considered since the energy may have to
be transported through a great distance to the
shore.
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Disadvantages
There is relative scarcity of accessible sites of
large wave activity.
Wave energy conversion devices that have
been proposed are relatively complicated .
Economic factors such as the capital
investment, costs of maintenance, repair and
replacement as well as problems of biologicalgrowth of marine organisms which seem to be
very large, are all relatively unknown.
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Disadvantages
Wave energy converters must be capable of
withstanding very severe peak stresses in
storm.
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Summarization
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Energy
Wave Energy
Tidal Energy
Renewable and non-renewable sourcesPreference of renewable
Tidal stream generator
Tidal BarrageSalter Duck
PELAMIS
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Advantages
1. Environmental friendly
2. Better than wind due to high density of water
3. Best for onshore areas
Disadvantages
1. Location problem
2. Less efficient
3. Expansive to build and maintain
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Tidal and wave plants in the WORLD
These plants are working in:
France
Canada
England
South Africa
Tidal and wave power plant in PAKISTAN1. Guddu Barrage
2. Work in progress in GHARO,KETI BANDAR and BIN QASIM
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CONCLUSION
Tidal Energy can be focused as an alternate
source of Energy in Pakistan
Tidal Power alone cannot fulfills completedemand however can be helpful to overcome
the problem of shortage.
Development of tidal Energy plants at Pakistan
Coast could uplift socio-economic conditions
of costal population of Pakistan
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CONCLUSION
170Km available stream system ofIndus Delta
Flow of water with high velocity during flood
in stream system
National Institute of Oceanography says seawater rises up to 80 meters at some places
due to tidal fluctuations
2-5 meters tidal heights at Korangi stream and
over 5 meters at Sir Creek can produce
1100KW Power.
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Any Question?
THANKS A LOT
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