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Introduction CaCO3 in nature Calcium challenge Carbon challenge Conclusions
Water and Element Cycles
Calcium carbonate in terrestrial environments
- Biogeosciences lab -
Institute of Earth Surface DynamicsUniversity of Lausanne
eric.verrecchia@unil.ch
Publications available at ResearchGate
January 19th, 2015
Introduction CaCO3 in nature Calcium challenge Carbon challenge Conclusions
What are the Biogeosciences ?
A definition of biogeosciences (NSF, 2000)
Living organisms affect the chemical and physical composition ofthe atmosphere, oceans, and solid Earth. Similarly, the physicalsystems of the Earth have major impacts on individual organismsas well as entire ecosystems. Changes in either system are reflectedphysically, chemically, and biologically. These changes occur acrossan extensive range of spatial and temporal scales.
The study of how these systems interact and develop togetherthrough time is known as biogeosciences.
Introduction CaCO3 in nature Calcium challenge Carbon challenge Conclusions
The team
1 MA : Dr Guillaume Cailleau
1 Researcher - lab manager (from ”decharge decanale”; 50%) : DrLaurent Decrouy
1 Scientific collaborator (50% 06.15 - shared with P. Junier,UNINE) : Andrea Lohberger
1 SNF Postdoc (shared with P. Junier, UNINE) : Dr Vincent Herve
3 SNF PhD students : Nathalie Diaz and Fabienne Dietrich ; AnaeleSimon (co-advisor with P. Junier, UNINE)
1 PhD student ”Etat” : Magali Matteodo (co-advisor with P. Vittoz)
1 PhD student (co-advisor with S. Lane) : Nico Batz
1 PhD student from the Confederation : Finaritra Randevoson
6-eq MSc students
1 PO : Eric Verrecchia
Introduction CaCO3 in nature Calcium challenge Carbon challenge Conclusions
Calcium carbonate in nature
Introduction CaCO3 in nature Calcium challenge Carbon challenge Conclusions
Calcium carbonate in nature
Schaetzl and Anderson (2005)
Introduction CaCO3 in nature Calcium challenge Carbon challenge Conclusions
Calcium carbonate in nature
Calcium carbonate in soils (Gile et al., 1966 ; Machette, 1985 ; Schaetzl and Anderson, 2005 ; Monger, 2014)
Introduction CaCO3 in nature Calcium challenge Carbon challenge Conclusions
Calcium carbonate in nature
CaCO3
Calcium carbonate in terrestrial environments
Calcium Carbon
Introduction CaCO3 in nature Calcium challenge Carbon challenge Conclusions
Calcium topics
1 Calcium pathways and cycle in terrestrial environments
2 Calcium relationships with soil dynamics
3 Calcium relationships with organisms
4 Calcium sources in pedogenic carbonates
5 Calcium sources in the oxalate-carbonate pathway
Introduction CaCO3 in nature Calcium challenge Carbon challenge Conclusions
Scientific fields and main methods
Scientific fields
1 Biogeochemistry
2 Geology of dust
3 Geology of weathering
4 Geomicrobiology
5 Geomorphology
Tools
1 Stable isotopes
2 Major and trace elements
3 Lab sedimentology (e.g. XRD)
4 Soil (sub)micromorphology
5 Data processing/monitoring
6 Microcosms (collaboration)
Introduction CaCO3 in nature Calcium challenge Carbon challenge Conclusions
Examples using isotope biogeochemistry
An example of strontium isotope geochemistry to trace
calcium sources in pedogenic carbonate (in prep.)
An example of calcium isotope geochemistry to evaluate
calcium kinetics in pedogenic carbonate (in prep.)
Introduction CaCO3 in nature Calcium challenge Carbon challenge Conclusions
Carbon topics
1 Carbon cycle in terrestrial and natural environments
2 Cmin relationships with soil dynamics
3 Corg and CMin relationships with life
4 Carbon sources in pedogenic carbonates
5 Carbon sources in the oxalate-carbonate pathway
Introduction CaCO3 in nature Calcium challenge Carbon challenge Conclusions
Scientific fields and main methods
Scientific fields
1 Biogeochemistry
2 Geomicrobiology
3 Geomorphology
4 Plant-Soil interactions
5 Soil science
Tools
1 Stable isotopes
2 Major and trace elements
3 RockEval pyrolysis
4 Spectroscopy
5 Soil (sub)micromorphology
6 Data processing/monitoring
Introduction CaCO3 in nature Calcium challenge Carbon challenge Conclusions
An example using a multidisciplinary approach
Hasinger et al. (2015) Geoderma
Introduction CaCO3 in nature Calcium challenge Carbon challenge Conclusions
Take-away message
Evolution of the landscape
(geomorphology - sedimentology)Origin of parent material
(sedimentology)
Origin of dust
(sedimentology - dating)
Soil formation
(soil science)
Origin of quartz
(sedimentology - dating)
Origin and dynamics of carbon
(biogeochemistry - isotopes - dating)
Origin and dynamics of calcium
(biogeochemistry - isotopes)
Role of life in nodulization process
(biogeochemistry - soil micromorphology - geomicrobiology)
When did
nodulization occur ?
(U-Th and 14C dating)
A multiscalar and multidisciplinary approach
Introduction CaCO3 in nature Calcium challenge Carbon challenge Conclusions
Collaborations inside and outside the IDYST
BGS
Isotopes(TV)
Env. geochem.(JP)
Plant science(PV, AG)
Geomorph.(SL)
WeatheringDating
(FH, PV)IDYST
Microscopy(PV, POB)
XRD XRFPyRE
(JCL, TA)Microprobes
(FB, LB)ICP-MS
(AU)
ISTE
Geomicrobiology(PJ) UNINE
Ox-carb pathway(Univ. Antatanarivo,
Madagascar)
U-Th, 14C dating - African geology(IRD - Univ. N’Gaoudéré
France, Cameroon)
Biomineralization(UPMC, France)
MC-ICP-MSELSTE
Geology of dust, calcretes(BGUN, IGS, Israel)
Calcretes(VTRC, Botswana)
Carbonate in loess(CUNI, Czech Rep.)
Soil micromorphology(UNIMI, Italy)
Future developments at IDYST : remote sensing, data processing, biogeochemical cycles, CO2 valorization
Introduction CaCO3 in nature Calcium challenge Carbon challenge Conclusions
Target questions for the future
What are the pathways used by calcium between reservoirsand ecosystem compartments ?
How do calcium dynamics influence soil evolution and soilcarbon dynamics (including the question of terrestrial carbonsinks) ?
How does terrestrial, and especially pedogenic, calciumcarbonate form ?
How, and to what extent, does life contribute to its genesis ?
What is the role of parent rock in soil organic carbon
dynamics ?
Introduction CaCO3 in nature Calcium challenge Carbon challenge Conclusions
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