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Washington, D.C., 27th June 2008
United Nations
UN-Habitat – United Nations Program for Human Settlements
ROLAC: Regional Office for Latin America and Caribbean
Mandate:
•To improve the conditions of those living in poor settlements
•Stabilize actual slums
•Avoid the proliferation of new slums
United Nations
Erradicate of extreme poverty and hunger
Achieve universal primary education
Promote gender equakity and empower women
Reduce child mortality
Improve maternal health
Combat HIV/Aids, malária and other diseses
Ensure environmental sustainability
Develop a global partnership for Development
Goal10: Reduce by half, by 2015 the proportion of population without permanent and sustainable access to good quality of water
Goal 11: By 2020, improve significantly the lives of at least 100 million inhabitants that kive in slums.
Disadvantages: poverty and inequality
City fragmentation
Social and economic inequalities
URBAN SEGRAGATION
Population in Slums
Latin America and Caribbean:
127 millions of people living in poor human settlements or slums in 2001
It is estimated we will have 143 millions by 2015
City Challenges
Improve basic infrastrucutre and communications
Improve or create specialized services
Technological innovations
Sustainable environment (built and natural)
Transparent institutions and regulations
Improve the quality of regulations
Fight security at all levels (home, neighborhood, city)
Promote social cohesion
Safer Cities Programme
Traditional Response• Focus on the criminal
justice system
• Specializes on major crime
• Targets effects instead of causes
• Reactive instead of preventive
• Often short term and non sustainable results
New Responses recognize • Safety as a “common
good” and key to good governance
• A role for everybody in building local safety, respecting mandates
• Need to target causes to reach lasting results
• Prevention is better than cure
Urban Design•Supporting street layout
•Improving lighting•Designing streets, buildings, parks
to reduce opportunities for crime•Reorganize markets or terminals
Safer Cities Prevention
Three pillars of crime prevention
Law Enforcement and CJS Reform
•Targeted visible police patrols•Conflict resolution
•Neighbourhood watch•By-law enforcement
•Improve relationships •and accessibility
Social PreventionYouth and women
•Youth empowerment•Victim support
•Recreational facilities to occupy youth
•Developing victim support
Safer Cities Process
Key Elements for Effective Implementation
A security diagnosis•Challenges•Risk factors
•Community resources
A Coalition•leadership
•Assembling all key partners•Engaging citizens
•Communication strategy•Age and gender sensitive
Evaluation & feedback•Process evaluation•Impact evaluation
•Tools development
Implementation•training
•Co-ordination of partners•actions
A strategy and action plan•Establish priorities
•Identify model for practices•Target actions and risk factors
•Balance short & long term actions
Regional and(inter) national networks for
exchange and replication
Safer Cities Programme
OBJECTIVE
Strenghten local authorities and key actors to be better
prepare to provide safety and security to vulnerable
groups in countries promoting social cohesion
RATIONALE FOR LOCAL INTERVENTION
Why a local policy on urban security?
• Closest to local reality
• Accountable to residents
• Reinforcing the State at local level
Safer Cites Programme
SPECIFIC GOALS
Promote and validate an integral approch to safety and security in the areas of governance, urban renewal and improvement of slums.
Develope guides and tools for safety, documentation and practice.
Promote aliances among partners and key actors thropugh a strategic communication.
Key actions and some examples
1) Coalitions with leadership including neighborhood associations. (Kenya e Tanzania)
2) A local safety analysis:
Local genesis and localizing insecure actions (Bogota,Colombia)
Insecure and Unsafe perception
Identification of positive and negative responses
Key actions and some examples
3) Local Strategies (Bogota e Medellin):
Define activities and priorities
Define members of the coalition responible for actions
Calendar of events
Improve the economic background (New York)
Design Forms of evaluation
Strategy of Crime prevention in cities (Bogota)
Key actions and some examples
4) Form a cooalition with a local technical coordinator that will: (african cities):
Coordinate local diagnosis
Prepare a strategy, present it and have it approved for practice
Support, impulse and supervise the coalition actions
Works in close relationship with local authoritiesSecurity in Open Public Spaces (Mexico)
Promote a safety ciy and citizen conscience as part of the urban development interventions
Cidades mais Seguras
5. Other key lements
Measures directed to youth in risk situation (Monterrey, Bogota, Santiago).
Descentrallized measures on conflict resolution
Police and communities working together (Santiago, Chile)
Measures directed to safety perception
Measures directed to victims of violence (Maipu, Tucuman, Mexico, Colombia)
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