Warm Up: Welcome to the 2 nd day!

Warm Up: Welcome to the 2nd day! You have 10 minutes to finish up the

poems with your partner I will call up students to share the poems

with the class Please come to the front, speak clearly

and assertively, and introduce your partner

Goal of this activity: Students will get to know one another by expressing interests and beliefs with the class.

Poem Activity

History of the World in 7 Minutes

EARLY HUMANS

THE FIRST CIVILIZATIONS

Warm Up!1.You have five minutes to:

• Come up with a list of all of the things that might be found in the trash of your home every week.

• Include recycling as well.

Now… pair up with someone sitting next to you.

If all the items they come up with were taken to the dump, covered

with ten feet of earth, and left there, what would still be

identifiable if someone dug the items up after 100 years? After

20,000 years? After 100,000 years?

What do you know about early civilizations?

Early Civilizations were… Stepping stones for:

legal system democratic form of government many of the world’s major religions

important inventions such as the alphabet.

How do we know about early humans?

How do we know about early humans?

ARCHEOLOGISTS Archeology- the study of past

societies through analysis of what people left behind.

Anthropology- the study of human life and culture

Fossils – rocklike remains of biological organisms.

How they do it Very Scientific Methods

They excavate (dig up) land Try to find fossils or human remains

or civilization Difficult to date their finds

Must analyze all their findings What do sunflower seeds find in a

stomach show? What does a spear with a women

show?

What do these objects tell you?

Tools? Cups? Weapons?

Do they tell you the whole story of a society?

Dating Artifacts and Fossils Dating helps scientists understand where and when the first humans lived.

Radiocarbon dating C-14 50,000 years ago +

Thermoluminescense: 200,000 years ago +

Biological analysis and DNA

Thermoluminescense

Modern Archeologists 2001- Kenya, hominid species completely in

tack (3.5 million years old)

China- bird like dinosaurs 100 million years ago!

2007- intact baby mammoth in Russia

Lascaux Cave paintings

The POINT: Does archeology, fossils and artifacts tell

us everything about a culture or civilization?

How do we analyze ancient cultures with the little information that we have about them?

Assignment: Lucy article You will read the Lucy article SILENTLY

and answer the questions attached to the article

This will done in class, if not, is due tomorrow for homework.

Map Activity

Where in the world are we?

Why is this important? 2007 Miss South Carolina….see video

clip Knowing the scope of history Recognizing where each state is Understand the shaping of the world

Political Maps come election time…see SNL skit

Friday, July 27th Collect contact sheets Goals: Finish map- first 20 minutes Early humans- who were they? Why study Western Civilization?

EARLY DEVELOPMENT

Warm Up! Please take out your journal and answer this

question silently. What is your definition of art? What the purposes and uses of art are? What does art do for the viewer or

listener and for the society in which it is produced?

After you answer, please take out your homework that was due today.

Discuss: What does each of the following have

that makes it art or what does it lack that prevents it from being art?

Art? Costume jewelry? Tatoos?

Art? Finger painting Doodles

Art?

Art?

Art?

Early examples of Paleolithic Life Why are humans the only creatures that

produce art?

We are discussing today early humans and art.

Hominids Human-like creature

that walked upright Lived in Africa 4

million years ago Existed for millions

of years; changed over time

Louis and Mary Leaky discovered them

“Lucy”

Homo Habilis 2.5-1.6 million years

ago “Handy Human” May have used stone

tools Discovered near

Olduvai George

Homo Erectus “Upright

Human” 1.8 to 100,000

years ago Had arms and

legs in modern human proportion

First human to leave Africa

Homo Sapiens “Wise Humans”

Rapid brain growth

Mastered fire 200,000 B.C. to

present

100,000 B.C. to 30,000 B.C.

Buried their dead; believed in afterlife?

Wore animal skins

Homo Sapiens Sapiens Neanderthals

Migrations of Homo sapiens41

Possible coastal routes of human migrationPossible landward routes of human migrationMigrations in Oceania

Human Origins200,000-250,000

years ago

Southwest Asia100,000 years ago

Europe40,000 years ago

Siberia40,000 years ago

Australiaas many as 60,000

years ago

North America12,000-30,000

years ago

Oceania1600 B.C.E.-500 C.E.

Chile12,000-13 ,000

years ago

Language

42

Prehistory: the time before writing was developed Homo sapiens had language

so they could exchange complex ideas with each other.

and they could store and add to the ideas of previous generations.

Because they swapped ideas, they kept finding new ways of doing things. new ways of living.

Why study Western Civilizations article Please read and answer the questions

quietly

This will be due at the end of the class….no homework!

Welcome!!! Look Up your number on the table up

front from the roster Look at the corresponding number on

the desk chart…..this is your seat! Once you are in your seat, please take a

piece of blank paper, and make a “hot-dog” name tag with a marker and your first name

Jorge

Vanessa

Armando

Alan

Tomas

Sean

Sydney P

Quintan

Steven

Catalina

Karina

Armani

Jonathan

Jordan

Alexis Sydney Estrella

Mariyah Aliza Grayson

Elizabeth

Sydney K

Andres

Jakob

Jaylen

Jared

Javier

Zoe

Destini

Manuel

Kyle B

1Desiree

DOOR

Teacher’s Desk

Gabriella

1st Hour

Anna

Jax

22

27

32

23

28

33

24

29

34

25

30

35

26

31

16 17 18

11 12 13

7

14

1

4

8

2

5

9

6

10

20

15

DOOR

Teacher’s Desk

21

2nd Hour

19

3

Osceola

Jaren

Aisiano

Mauricio

Charles

Jose

Roberto

Diana

Andrew

Mario

Aisake

Mauricio

Halle

Aiden

Liliana Sarah Kiana

Hermosillo Jackson Austin

Alejandro

Luis

Ethan

Gerardo

Edgar

Carolina

Gianni

Jessica

Eduardo

Alejandro

Juliana

Caitlin

DOOR Teacher’s Desk

Eunice

3rd Hour

Daniel

Jessica M

Adriana Nick

Ivanna

Andrew Alexis M

Rosalia

Lauren

Jasmine

Marco

SerinaDestinee

Alexis

IsaihaEdward

Austin

William

Taylor

Adi

John

Tyrin

Marcos

Bryan

Sonia

Yakia

Kohl

Harrison

JuanDaniel

MichaelAndrea

Elmer

Brian

DOOR

Teacher’s Desk

Odalis

5th Hour

Kura

Adrian

36

FredericoNicholas

Juedial

Denise Antonio

Joy

Giovany

Ruben

Claudia

RaulConrad

35

HaleyTravys

Janette

Jacqueline

Brianna

Kyejah

Shannon

Ingrid

Andrew

Moses

Alexander

Audrey

Jeremiah

Carmen

Brieanna

Anthony

Diego Richard

Briana

Ricardo

DOOR

Teacher’s Desk

Sid

6th Hour

Joshua

Taylor

36

Warm Up! When seated, please open up your

journal and respond to this question: If you were stranded on a desert island for

the rest of your life, what five things would you bring to survive?

Write a 6 sentence explanation about why you would bring these five items.

PALEOLITHIC WAY OF LIFE

Characteristics of Paleolithic Age 2,500,000 B.C. to 10,000 B.C. Humans used simple stone tools Often called “Old Stone Age”

Early Housing of Paleolithic Area

Hunting and Gathering Relied on hunting and gathering Close relationship with environment

Berries, plants, fruits, nuts, grains Hunted horses, bison, buffalo, fish and

shellfish

Paleolithic Way of Life1. Made stone tools from flint Hand axes were most common

Handles made them easier to use Spears were later used

Later, invented: Bow and arrow Spear Fish hooks Bone needles

Paleolithic Way of Life cont. 2. Had to follow animal

migrations and vegetable cycles Nomads- people who

move from place to place to survive.

Lived in small groups of 20-30.

Hunting depended on careful observation and group cooperation

Roles of Women Women: bear and

raised children; stayed closer to camp Acquired berries,

nuts, grains. Taught children

what was edible. Trapped small

animals, kept camp safe

Roles of Men and Women Main job of people: finding enough to eat

Parents: passed on skills to children to survive

Men: Hunt herds of animals Traveled far distances

EQUALITY

Adapting to Survive Shelter in natural

caves New types of

shelter: Wood with animal

hides Large bones of

mammoths

Use of Fire Homo Erectus was the first

Piles of ash in caves As long as 500,000 years ago

Provided: Warmth Protection from animals Light Cooked food

Occurred differently at different places and times

Ice Ages 100,000 B.C.

Fire was important for survival Thick sheets of ice moved down Europe,

America and Asia Serious threat to human life

Had to adapt

Mammouth Activity You will be in groups of three Read the background paragraph and

group directions. Make a list of the critical needs for

these Paleolithic humans to live. Brainstorm and make a list of how the

mammoth can be used to satisfy these needs.

Will return as a class to discuss our findings.

Homework Ice Man- frozen in time

Read the article and then answer the questions after

THE NEOLITHIC REVOLUTION

Warm Up! What does farming give the world?

Name at least 5 things

Where would the world be without farming?

How does agriculture affect our society?

How does agriculture affect our society?

Is a foundation because it provides food for populations

Without agriculture, people would have to hunt and gather to survive.

refers to a measure of what we have relative to what we need for subsistence.

Objective Shelter, food, clean water,

and access to health care. To measure- demographers

calculate statistics such as life expectancy, daily caloric intake, and literacy rates.

refers to the degree of satisfaction we feel about our lives.

Subjective. Happiness, family,

love To measure: how one

feels in relation to others

Standard of Living Quality of Life

Think about Hunter-Gatherers in the article…

What would they say about their standard of living and their quality of life?

What about early farmers? What about people today? Is the standard of living and quality of

life the same for everyone today? What is the point of view in the article?

Neolithic Revolution 8000 B.C.- 4000 B.C. Shift from hunting and

gathering to systematic agriculture Began planting crops Domesticating animals Can live in settled

communities What kind of influence

does farming have in our lives?

Growing of Crops Southwest Asia- wheat, barley, pigs, cows,

goats, sheep. Spread to South-eastern Europe 4000 B.C.- farming established in Europe and

Mediterranean Sea. 6000 B.C.- wheat and barley in Egypt and Africa

Yams, bananas Moved to India

5000 B.C. –Meso-Americans Bean, squash, maize

Farming Villages Catalhuyuk

In modern turkey Covered 32 acres

6700 B.C.- 5700 B.C. 6,000 inhabitants

Food surpluses Specialization Had homes

Beginning of a Traditional Economic System Based on agriculture and limited trade`

Shrines to god and goddesses Women nursing or giving birth figurines

Effects of the Neolithic Revolution

Cause Effect

Settling in small towns and villages

Build walls for protection , store houses for goods

Storing surplus products

Encouraged trade

Artisans more skilled Made more refined tools

Men more active in herding and farming; women cared for children, clothes and home

Women stayed in one place; men moved around; men more dominant in society

People mastered farming

Complex societies and villages with armies, walls,

In the Near East, many varieties of the wild cereal grasses, wheat and barley, shown below were exploited as major food sources.

In contrast to hunting and gathering as a mode of life, agriculture means modifying the environment in order to exploit it more effectively. Agriculture alters both the animals and plants it domesticates. Ultimately, it changes the very landscape itself.

Domestication of Animals

End of Neolithic Age 4000-3000 B.C.

Discovered heating rocks could turn into metal

Liquid metal could be made into tools with molds

Use of metal=new level of control of environment.

1st- Copper 2nd- Bronze

Bronze Age- 3000 B.C. to 1200 B.C. Iron Age- 1000 B.C.

Activity: Pick up the article, “Was Farming a good

idea?” from the front room. Read it silently and begin to answer the

questions throughout the reading.

Write as many advantages and disadvantages for each way that you can think of (in the text, on your own!)

Do this with a partner.

Advantages/Disadvantages?

CIVILIZATION EMERGES

What is Culture? Culture- the way of life 1,000s of years- in small nomadic

(moving) tribes Farming=staying in one place

Culture became more complex as a reslt

Complex culture developed into civilization

Civilization Civilization- a complex culture in which

large numbers of human beings share a number of common elements

Six basic characteristics of civilizations”1. Cities2. Government3. Religion4. Social Structure5. Writing6. Art

Six Basic Characteristics of Civilizations

Cities First civilizations developed in river

valleys This is where people could farm on a large

scale Close to water Could feed a large population

As there was more food, there were more people that came to the city

Government Governments- organize and regulate

human activity. What is the purpose of government? Do we need government?

What Governments do Provide smooth interaction between

individuals and groups.

Monarchs-kings or queens who rule a kingdom they organized armies- to protect people Made laws – to regulate the people

Religion Developed religions to explain the forces

of nature and their roles in the world.

Belived god and goddesses were important to the communities success

Priests Priests- supervised rituals aimed at

pleasing Gods Were given special power Made them very important people Ruled by divine approval- approval by God

Social StructurePriests, government

officials, warriors

Free people: farmers, artisans, and craftspeople

Slave Class

Social Structure-Trade growing

Upper class wanted jewelry and pottery• The artisans created them

Cities traded with towns for raw materials• They made the items out of those materials

• Trade grew

Contact with other civilizations was common• Transfer of new

technology (metal for tools, new farming techniques)

Writing Very important

Used to keep accurate records

Creative as well

Art Temples and pyramids

Places for worship Sacrifice Burial of kings

Painters and Sculptors Stories of nature Depictions of rulers and the gods they

worshipped

Tools and Fire: Cause & Effect

Early humans learn to

make tools and fire

• Tools make hunting easier

• Early humans become more efficient hunters

Cooking food over the fire

improves nutrition

Fire keeps humans warm in cooler

climates

Agriculture: Cause & Effect

After the ice age ends,

temperatures rise and humans

begin to practice systematic agriculture

• A steady food supply leads to humans to settle in farming villages

Civilizations: Cause & Effect

Civilizations develop in

river valleys in

Mesopotamia, Egypt, India and China

• Governments develop to organized and protect the cities

Division of labor leads to

a social structure

Not all villagers are needed for farming, so

some become artisans,

government workers, priests,

artists, and scribes

Surplus food and products

are traded with other

settlements