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Volcanism in the Solar System Part 2 – Outer Solar System. Justin Filiberto Lunar and Planetary Institute. Plan of Talk. Earth - review Inner Solar System Mercury Venus Moon Mars Outer Solar System Io Enceladus Titan Triton Summarize Volcanoes in the Solar System. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Volcanism in the Solar SystemVolcanism in the Solar SystemPart 2 – Outer Solar System Part 2 – Outer Solar System
Justin Filiberto
Lunar and Planetary Institute
Plan of TalkPlan of Talk1. Earth - review2. Inner Solar System
• Mercury • Venus• Moon• Mars
3. Outer Solar System• Io• Enceladus• Titan• Triton
4. Summarize Volcanoes in the Solar System
Outer Solar SystemOuter Solar System
Only “rocky” volcanic body: IoOnly “rocky” volcanic body: Io Other types of eruptionsOther types of eruptions
– Icy volcanoesIcy volcanoes– GeysersGeysers– ??
IoIo
Moon of JupiterMoon of Jupiter Mean radius (km) Mean radius (km)
1821 (0.286XEarth)1821 (0.286XEarth) Mass (10Mass (102222kg) 8.93 kg) 8.93
(0.015XEarth)(0.015XEarth) Surface T (K) 130 Surface T (K) 130
Gravity (m sGravity (m s-2-2) 1.8 ) 1.8
(0.2XEarth)(0.2XEarth) Most volcanicallyMost volcanically
active body in theactive body in thesolar system.solar system.
Ra PateraRa Patera
Diameter-450 kmDiameter-450 km Height <1kmHeight <1km Area of Lava-Area of Lava-
250,000km250,000km22
What type of What type of volcano?volcano?
Lava type?Lava type?
Ra PateraRa Patera
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
-500000 -400000 -300000 -200000 -100000 0 100000 200000 300000 400000 500000
Krafla
Hawaii
Columbia River Basalt Group
Etna
Mt Hood
Olympus Mons
Arsia Mons
Tharsis Tholus
Theia Mons
Sapas Mons
Ra Patera
Gruitheuisen Domes
PelePele
Pele eruption lava >1350Pele eruption lava >1350°C °C – Hawaiian lavas ~1000°C Hawaiian lavas ~1000°C
Lava type?Lava type? Volcano?Volcano?
EnceladusEnceladus
Moon of SaturnMoon of Saturn Mean radius (km) Mean radius (km)
251 (0.04XEarth)251 (0.04XEarth) Mass (10Mass (102020kg) 1.1 kg) 1.1
(1.8x10(1.8x10-5-5XEarth)XEarth) Surface T (K) 75 Surface T (K) 75 Gravity (m sGravity (m s-2-2) 0.1 ) 0.1
(0.01XEarth)(0.01XEarth) Icy SurfaceIcy Surface
“Tiger Stripe” Ridges
TitanTitan Moon of SaturnMoon of Saturn Mean radius (km) Mean radius (km)
2576 (0.4XEarth)2576 (0.4XEarth) Mass (10Mass (102323kg) 1.35 kg) 1.35
(0.023XEarth)(0.023XEarth) Surface T (K) 94 Surface T (K) 94 Gravity (m sGravity (m s-2-2) 1.4) 1.4 Largest moon of Largest moon of
SaturnSaturn Only object with Only object with
stable liquid on the stable liquid on the surface (other than surface (other than the Earth)the Earth)
TritonTriton
Moon of NeptuneMoon of Neptune Mean radius (km) Mean radius (km)
1353 (0.2XEarth)1353 (0.2XEarth) Mass (10Mass (102222kg) 2.1 kg) 2.1
(0.0036XEarth)(0.0036XEarth) Surface T (K) 38 Surface T (K) 38 Gravity (m sGravity (m s-2-2) 0.78) 0.78 Surface is frozen Surface is frozen
nitrogen and waternitrogen and water
Triton Cryovolcanism?Triton Cryovolcanism?
Bluish streaks – geysers of nitrogen?Bluish streaks – geysers of nitrogen?
Outer Planet SummaryOuter Planet Summary
Possible old volcanoes on Ganymede, and Possible old volcanoes on Ganymede, and Europa similar to Enceladus?Europa similar to Enceladus?
Possible old volcanoes on Dione and Possible old volcanoes on Dione and Tethys?Tethys?
Possible volcanoes on Pluto?Possible volcanoes on Pluto? More data coming from New Horizons may More data coming from New Horizons may
answer some of these questions…answer some of these questions…
Some questions to ponderSome questions to ponder
• What types of volcanoes are common to the Earth only? Why?
• What types of volcanoes are common in the inner solar system but not the outer? Why?
• What does this suggest about the cooling histories of the inner planets? Outer planets?
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