View
212
Download
0
Category
Preview:
Citation preview
Vocational Training in Germany
Session 3: The role of Government, Industry and trade
Unions in training high quality manpower
Dietmar Niedziella, DIHK
• umbrella organisation for 80 German Chambers of Commerce and Industry (CCI)
• every German company is required by law to join a chamber
• more than 3 mill. member companies
• co-ordinates bilateral chambers abroad in more than 80 countries (120 offices)
The DIHK
The Dual System of Vocational Training
3 - 4 days a week
as a rule 3 years
vocational training
act - nationwide
training contract
In-Firm Training Vocational School
1 - 2 days a week
school acts of the 16
“Länder” (states)
coordinated
nationally
educational background set out in compulsory education
lower secondary/secondary/grammar school/vocational college
The Vocational Training Act
• Vocational Training Act from 1969, updated in April 2005
in-firm training follows the same law all over Germany!
– equal legal relationship between trainee and instructor
– equal administration of apprenticeships through CCIs
– equal exams administrated through CCIs
– possibility to work abroad during vocational training
• every profession has its own national decree
– contents of apprenticeship
– contents of intermediate and final examination
Characteristic Elements of the Dual System
• training based on practical requirements of the companies
• responsibility shared between public and private sector
• co-operation of stakeholders:
– Federal Ministries
– “Länder” (State) Ministries
– Employers’ Associations
– Trade Unions
develop national decrees for qualification profiles / VET-standards (e. g. duration and contents of training, examination requirements )
How are training regulations developed?
Training regulations
− duration − designation of the occupation− contents:decision – making skills(knowledge, skills)
„Länder“
trade unionseconomy
government
Benefits of the Dual System
for enterprises:
• influence on content and organisation of vocational training
• at medium-term: low recruitment costs
• next generation of skilled workers assured
for trainees:
• labour market relevant training
• acquisition of social skills, personality development
• motivating situation (earning and learning)
for the state:
• private sector contribution eases the burden on public budgets
• relatively low rate of youth unemployment
Facts and Figures (2007)
• 60 % of the young people take part in the dual system
• over 1,6 Mio. trainees altogether, more than 600.000 new contracts per year
• German economy spends € 30 billion per year on vocational training
• average costs of a trainee in the dual system a year: € 18.000
• approx. 350 nationwide recognized training occupations (250 in the field of industry, trade and services)
• over 150.000 professional experts work on a honorary basis in the examination boards of the CCIs
National Pact on Apprenticeship
2004: Agreement between Federal Government and employers associations to prevent the so-called training levy, a law, which was planned to force companies to either provide training places or pay money instead.
• concluded on a completely voluntary basis
• main aim: all applicants, who are capable and willing to start an apprenticeship, get an offer
• promises of the economy:
– offer 60.000 new apprenticeship training positions
– offer 40.000 positions for courses leading to a first qualification
– acquire 30.000 new training companies
• support and assist companies
– that initially want to start vocational training
– that need help during the vocational training
• support and assist the trainees (e. g. Europass)
• provide and register the training contracts
• examine trainees and instructors
– intermediate examinations
– final examinations
– instructors examinations
The Role of the CCIs
Thank you for your attention!
Do you have questions?
Recommended