Virtualization - Northwest State Community College

Virtualization

Objectives

• Definitions

• Why

• Problems

• Versions

• Virtualization vs Cloud

• Creating a New Virtual Machine

• Working with a Virtual Machine

• Virtual Machine Settings

• Virtual Machine Snapshots

Definitions

• Hardware• Full virtualization

• Para virtualization

• Hosted hypervisor• Type I hypervisor

• Native (bare metal) hypervisor• Type II hypervisor

Why

• Servers can be consolidated into virtual machines• A typical company may have dozens of servers, DNS, Web, File, Print, DHCP,

Directory and the list goes on and on

• Companies can save space and money with virtualization• Electricity and cooling

• Flexibility

Why

• Multiple applications and operating systems can be supported within a single physical system• Testing – Do not have to have multiple physical machines

• Students – Does not require multiple systems and/or long setup time to learn different subjects

Why

• Virtual machines are completely isolated from the host machine and other virtual machines• This means no possibility of undesired interactions

• If one server (service) crashes this does not affect any of the others

• Student Benefit – If Joe Bob Classmate accidentally types delete all he only messes up his own system, not yours

Why

• Complete virtual machine environment is saved as a single file• Makes backups simple

• Makes testing easier

• Make it simple to duplicate servers across multiple sites

Why

• Standardized virtualized hardware is presented to the application

Problems

• Slow

• Conceptualization

• Cost

Versions

• VMWare• Free

• Player

• Server 1.x

• Server 2.x

• Server ESXi

• Pay• Workstation

• VSphere

Versions

• Microsoft• Free

• Hyper-V

• Virtual PC

• Pay• System Center

• Azure

• Amazon – EC2

• VirtualBox

• Xen

• KVM

Virtualization vs Cloud

• IaaS – Infrastructure as a Server• Servers, storage and processing

• PaaS – Platform as a Service• Development environment

• Access to services such as database or web server

• SaaS – Software as a Service• End user applications

• Google Apps

Virtualization vs Cloud

• The cloud is:• Elastic

• Shared

• Usage-based

• Supports many devices• So is Virtualization

• Self-provisioning• Virtualization is all self provisioned

Creating a New Virtual Machine

• Select name

• Select type of OS

• Select version of OS

• OS settings define some hardware settings • Cannot be changed

while powered on

Creating a New Virtual Machine

• Select Memory• Overprovision,

shared RAM and ballooning

Creating a New Virtual Machine

• Hard drive creation options

Creating a New Virtual Machine

• Hard drive file type

Creating a New Virtual Machine

• Storage type• Thick

• Thin

Creating a New Virtual Machine

• Name and size

Working with a Virtual Machine

• Starting

Working with a Virtual Machine

• Mouse trapped in machine

• Ctrl+Alt+Del

Working with a Virtual Machine

• Shutdown• Like a real machine you

should shutdown in an orderly fashion

Working with a Virtual Machine

• Shutdown• Other options

Virtual Machine Snapshots

• General - Basic

Virtual Machine Settings

• System – Motherboard

Virtual Machine Settings

• Storage• Add hard drives

• Mount ( Connect ) to CD/DVD images ( ISO files )

Virtual Machine Settings

• Network• Multiple adapters

• Attached to: ( Virtual Networks )• NAT

• Bridged

• eth0

• tap0

• Internal

• Name

• Host-only

Virtual Machine Settings

• Drivers

Virtual Machine Snapshots

• Saves a copy of the machines hard drive(s) at a point in time• Can consume large amounts of disk space

• Contains all differences between the snapshot and the current system

• Differencing disk contains all changed data blocks

• Also known as checkpoints

• Can have multiple snapshots

Virtual Machine Snapshots

• Choices• Take snapshot

• Restore snapshot• Deletes changes!

• Delete snapshot• Makes changes permanent!

• Clone (Copy)• MAC address

• Full

• Linked

• Can also create

appliance

Summary

• Definitions

• Why

• Problems

• Versions

• Virtualization vs Cloud