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VCE Situation Analysis. Interviewing and Facilitation Skills. Group Brainstorm – characteristics of a good interviewer/facilitator. Organize into small groups Identify a facilitator Brainstorm/discuss the qualities of an effective interviewer/facilitator Capture this on a flip chart - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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VCE Situation Analysis
Interviewing and Facilitation Skills
Group Brainstorm – characteristics of a good interviewer/facilitator
Organize into small groups Identify a facilitator Brainstorm/discuss the qualities of an
effective interviewer/facilitator Capture this on a flip chart Report to the larger group
Interviewers/facilitators:Interviewers/facilitators: Create a safe and comfortable setting Build individual and group
acquaintance, identity, and productivity Use good communication skills Manage individual and group behavior Know their role and place with the
situation
An interviewer/facilitator is….
Key Element-The instrument Someone who listens and thinks Someone who can stay mentally alert Someone comfortable and knowledgeable of groups Skillful in making transitions Remains neutral and establishes rapport Keeps track of the discussion Understands processes and decision-making
techniques
An interviewer/facilitator…
Uses humor, keeps people energized, deflects and calms rising tempers, reinforces group interpersonal skills
Uses positive and encouraging remarks Calls on people, asks for ideas Probes for information Uses the 5 second pause Keeps track of time Helps the group find commonalties Builds on ideas Summarizes the discussion
Keeping things on track….requires
Having a vision/game plan Using active listening Being an unbiased communicator Understanding & managing group dynamics Understanding and applying a decision-
making & problem solving processes
A Key to Effective Facilitation & Interviewing
Listening
Being A Good Listener What Do
People Who Listen Well Do?
Good Listeners Focus their attention Ask relevant questions Look for cues on the other person’s feelings Make sure they understand what is being
said Continuously process information & cues
they are receiving
OH-9
Six Guidelines forListening Analytically
#1 Determine Speaker’s Intent#2 Outline Main Points#3 Listen Between the Lines#4 Use Critical Thinking Skills#5 Recognize and Reduce Barriers#6 Be an Active Listener
Tools to Active Listening
Probe
Steer
Summarize
Attend
OH-11
Probe
Why: To get more information
How: Ask open-ended questions to get more than a one-word response
“Why do you think that is happening?”“What do you suppose would happen if…”“How will you do that?”
OH-12
Steer
Why: To keep the interaction on track
How: Redirect the speaker with a statementExamples:I would like to get back to the problem you were talking about.
Let’s talk now about how you might be able to solve your problem
OH-14
Summarize To check your own understanding
Restate in your own words (paraphrase)& ask for confirmation
Do not “parrot back”
Capture the gist: Good Listeners ….summarize throughout the conversation, not just at the end
OH-15
AttendingWhat you do to show that you care and are paying attention to the speaker.
Examples:
Eye contact Alert posture Nodding
Saying “Uh huh” or “I see” Interested tone of voice
Be genuine in your behaviors don’t overdo and risk appearing phony
OH-19
Building on Ideas
The process of adding value to or enhancing another’s idea.
How?1. Acknowledge the connection to the
original idea.
2. Modify the idea to add value to it.
Asking Questions
Asking questions in an unbiased manner The key is to develop good questions that solicit
the participants’ honest response Avoid questions that “beg” or lead to an answer
they think you want to hear Biased question – Families in the community
need to know how to manage their money, don’t you think?
Unbiased question-What do you see as the needs of families in this community?
Probes
Can you tell me more about that?
Would you give me an example of what you mean.
I don’t understand. Are there other points
of view?
The Pause
The pause is a technique that is designed to give participants an opportunity to silently reflect and compose their thoughts
Use with eye contact Use this technique periodically and don’t feel
compelled to “fill the silence” If you fill the silence, then participants won’t
have to think--and talk
Getting Input From Participants
In an individual interview, use probes and the pause
For focus groups, use probes, the pause, inviting individual’s to respond, and the “let’s go around the group” questioning procedure
For issues forums, use probes, pause, and the “let’s see what others have to say” questioning procedure
What are Your Strengths and Weaknesses Take turns interviewing the person beside you….
When you are the one talking…tell the listener your strengths and weaknesses as a facilitator
When you are the one listening…use active listening skills and questioning techniques---get as much information as you can about the person talking
Dealing with Participants
Facilitation of Groups Requires working with
people of different backgrounds
Requires working with people with different characteristics
Can be challenging
Four Types of Participants The Expert
The Dominant Talker
The Shy Participant
The Rambler
A Facilitator
Must Skillfully Handle All Four Types
The Expert In Interviews
Can take control of the discussion purpose/agenda
Summarize, steer, transition to next question
In Groups: Can inhibit others from participating Others defer to them---if perceived they have
more education or social or political influence Facilitator must always stress the
importance of hearing from all
Dominant Talker Unaware of how others see them Sometimes consider themselves experts Facilitator/Interviewer Can Use Body
Language to Minimize Breaking eye contact Lightly touching the dominant talker
Facilitator Can Use Verbal Tactics Thank you Shelly, are there others who wish to
comment? That is one point of view, can we hear from
others.
Shy Talkers Talks very little or not at all
Be comfortable with silence and the pause
Facilitator Can If known…seat them across from them and use
eye contact
If Eye Contact Fails Call the person by name and invite their
view
Ramblers Uses a lot of words, never gets to the point Comfortable talking, can eat up a lot of discussion
time The Facilitator/Interview Can:
Break eye contact Look at other participants Look at papers Restate the question when the rambler pauses Invite others to talk Move to another question
Planning & Managing the Process….
Have a vision for where you are going and how you will get there
Develop a plan that includes who, what, when, and where
Review workshop materials in your folder and support materials on the VCE Intranet under Program Support
Contact us for assistance
LUNCH
Let’s eat!!!
Interviewing Practice Divide into groups of two with someone you don’t
know Interview each other using the Key Informant
Interview Guide for Roanoke County in your folder
Each person should serve as the interviewer for several questions
Role play, if you have been given a role play card An individual from the group will facilitate a large
group discussion of your reactions and comments
Focus Group Practice Divide into small groups of 4-8 individuals Facilitate a focus group discussion on Family
Financial Management using the interview guide in your folder
Each person should serve as the focus group facilitator for at least one or more questions
Role play, if you have been given a role play card
An individual from the group will facilitate a large group discussion of your reactions and comments
Logistics
Schedule the event at a “neutral” location
Schedule the event at an appropriate time for participants
Target or over recruit participants Follow-up Make sure the setting is appropriate Include food, breaks, as appropriate
Recording Data
Tape record the proceedings and/or have an additional person take notes
If you tape record, allow resources and time for transcriptions
Use flip charts, where appropriate Avoid the notion of reaching consensus in
group settings—the purpose is to hear and record all participants’ perspectives
Data Analysis
Making Sense of What People Have Told You
Analysis of Results Consider group analysis Each member reads
notes/transcripts Look for themes, patterns, common
thinking Mark text with key words Meet as a group to discuss
….Analyzing Results Make a list of themes, patterns,
and common thinking Combine when possible Illustrate findings with quotes from
participants Prepare a report of findings Use findings in identifying issues
and setting program response/direction
Thank You!!
Please complete the training session evaluation in your folder.
Go Forth and Discover
Community and resident perspectives
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