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UV UNWRAPPING AND PAINTING
Chakrit Watcharopas
Reference:The Essential Blender: The Official Guide to 3D Creation with the Blender Open Source Suite Author Roland HessPublisher No Starch PressPublication Date 2007-09-27
UV unwrapping is a process of assigning a set of 2D coordinates to all object vertices
UV Unwrapping 2
Each XYZ vertex coordinate in 3D is mapped to UV coordinates in 2D
UV / Image Editor is a tool for this UV setting
Normally, we’ll bring up 3D View and UV / Image Editor side by side
UV Unwrapping (2) 3
To unwrap UV of object automatically, select the object, go to Edit Mode, and press U-key
There are a number of UV automatic calculation methods
The simplest ones are "Project from View" and "Project from View (Bounds)"
UV Calculation 4
"Project from View" and "Project from View (Bounds)" take the mesh exactly as seen in the current 3D view, and squash it right into the UV Editor
UV Unwrapping (2) 5
Project from View can be good when creating a texture that corresponds closely to the profile shape of the mesh
UV Unwrapping (3) 6
Options Cylinder, Cube, and Sphere are good for unwrapping objects that closely match those primitives in shape
Sometimes, there can be areas that don't map quite correctly or show distortion
"Unwrap" is the most useful; it uses a procedure called "Least Squares Conformal Map" (LSCM) in conjunction with seams marked in Edit mode to give excellent results with very little effort
UV Unwrapping (4) 7
Seams are added by selecting edges, pressing Ctrl-E and choosing "Mark Seam“
Marked seams appear as heavy orange edges
Seams can be unmarked by selecting those edges, pressing Ctrl-E and choosing "Clear Seam"
Seams8
In mesh Edit mode, hovering the mouse over an island of nodes in UV Editor and pressing the L-key will select the entire island
Realization: A single vertex from 3D mesh can have as many instances in the UV Editor as it has faces
Selecting Nodes in the UV Editor9
Icon Sync UV and Mesh Selection allows all vertices in UV Editor that share a 3D mesh vertex are selected if any of these vertices is once selected
Selecting Nodes in the UV Editor (2)10
Areas of unwrap that you are happy with can be frozen by "pinning"
Press P-key to pin selected vertices Blender uses all pinned nodes as a starting
point for the next attempt of unwrap If Live Unwrap Transform is enabled, there is
no need to re-unwrap your meshes after pins are adjusted
Turn off Live Unwrap so you don't accidentally move a pinned node and ruin your work
Pinning and Live Unwrap Transform11
Blender's Painting Tools can be used to paint onto existing images or to create new ones, and can be used either in the UV/Image Editor or to paint directly within the 3D view
To be able to texture paint a model in the 3D view, the model needs to be unwrapped
Paint Tools12
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