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Using the LIFE Costing ModelCase studies from DK
Anders Bo Nielsen, The Danish National Archives
Ulla Bøgvad Kejser, The Royal Library, Denmark
LIFE Costing Model - Denmark
• LIFE - DK Project
– Aim- Estimate and compare lifecycle costs of preservation of digital
materials held by Danish cultural heritage institutions
– Partners- The National Archives- The Royal Library- The State and University Library
– Timeline- October 2008 – December 2009
– Funding- The Danish Ministry of Culture (£75.000)
Evaluation of the LIFE Costing Model
• Pros – already there– Usable for estimating the lifecycle costs of digital (and analogue) materials– The elements/subelements provide a comprehensive checklist of costs– Independent of preservation strategy (transformation or emulation)– Tested on real data sets
• Required improvements
– Consistency of model- Use OAIS terminology to ease understanding, cooperation and widespread use- Breakdown in more generic functional entities to avoid bias towards library materials
– Metadata assigned to the functions they relate to (not a stage in itself)– Include all costs in one model (lifecycle and non lifecycle)
- Allow for full economic costs to be modelled, including costs of system development– More test on real data needed
LIFE Costing Model - DK
Production Acquisition Ingest Archival Storage
Preservation Planning
Access
Audit Selection Ingest Administration
Storage Administration
Preservation Planning
Access Administration
Selection Submission Agreement
Quality Assurance Storage Provision Preservation Watch
Access Provision
IPR IPR and licencing Metadata Receive Data Preservation Action
Access Control
Retrieval and reshelving
Ordering and invoicing
Transfer Refreshment Re-ingest User Support
Capture Submission Error Checking
Quality Assurance
Check-in Replication
Metadata Provide Data
Lifecycle system management Planning, certification)
General administation and facilities; economic adjustments (overhead)
Case study 1: Costs of transformation (format migration)
• Set up
– Transforming from MS Word (creation format) to TIFF 6.0 (preservation format)
– Amount of pages: 7.555 in app. 1.500 documents, produced/recieved by 10 persons for about 6 months
– Transforming using a purchased TIFF-printer driver and an in-house developed system to control the transformation
– Quality control using automatic system control for some controls and samples for other controls
The generic preservation model (GPM)
Generic LIFE preservation std Danish Office Case unitTEW 1 3man weeks per year for each formatULE BLE + 0.1 * t BLE + 0.1 * t years of life expectancyBLE 8 8yearsPON 40% 100% share of transformation in preservationPTA STA*(1-t/20)+ETA*(t/20) 30% proportion of tool availabilitySTA 50% 30% starting proportion of tool availabilityETA 90% 90% ending proportion of tool availabilityFCX 0,2 0,8complexity – transforming from or toTDC 24 3man monthsCRS (1-PTA)*TDC*FCX+PTA*COA(1-PTA)*TDC*FCX+PTA*COA £COA 1.500 3.000 £UME 4 1man weeks per formatPPA PON*(SCM+n*HVM) PON*(SCM+n*HVM) £SCM 340 1.000 £HVM 0.05 0.01£QAA n*BCT*FCX n*BCT*FCX£BCT 0.17 0.20£
n 8474 7.555 objects (pages in this case)
Cost = t * TEW + (t / ULE + PON) * (CRS + UME + PPA + QA)
Results of using the GPM
TWC PTC PMC PAC PQAC Total PC PFt t*TEW PF*CRS PF*UME PF*PPA PF*QAA t/ULE+PON
UK – Web Archiving Case Study
1 625 3,423 654 160 151 5,013 0.525 3.125 5,633 1,235 302 285 10,580 0.99
10 6.250 7,027 1,889 462 435 16,063 1.5120 12.500 6,120 3,000 733 691 23,045 2.40
DK – Office Archiving Case Study
1 2,625 7,435 983 1,208 1,358 13,609 1.125 13,125 9,482 1,390 1,708 1,920 27,625 1.59
10 26,250 10,893 1,847 2,271 2,552 43,813 2.1120 52,500 10,620 2,625 3,227 3,626 72,598 3.00
Case study 2: Costs of digital versus film preservation
• Set up– Preservation copying of
degrading historic nitrate and acetate negatives
• Preservation strategies– Preservation as master files in KB-
DK’s digital repository– Output on film and preserved in
KB’s traditional storage facility
Preservation copy of decaying nitrate negative (ca. 1950)
Costs in € for 20,000 preservation copies (13TB) year 1
LIFE Costing Model20,000 copies (13TB)
TIFF Uncompressed
105 mm film
Production (Digitisation) 134,886 134,886
Production (Film output) 0 180,201
Acquisition 1,889 1,889
Ingest 2,283 1,194
Archival Storage 35,910 326
Preservation Planning 922 0
Total 175,890 318,496
Operating costs (€)
0
5.000
10.000
15.000
20.000
25.000
30.000
35.000
40.000
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
105mm film
TIFF UNC
Accumulated costs (€) over 5 years
0
50.000
100.000
150.000
200.000
250.000
300.000
350.000
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
105mm (2 images/fiche)
TIFF Uncompressed
Concluding remarks
• Promising model• Need to include full economic cost• Need consistency with OAIS• Quality assessment
– Map LIFE Costing Model to certification/audit initiatives- Catalogue of Criteria for Trusted Digital Repositories (Nestor)- Trustworthy Repositories Audit & Certification: Criteria and Checklist
(TRAC)- Digital Repository Audit Method Based on Risk Assessment (DRAMBORA)
Acknowledgements
• LIFE2 project team
• Colleagues at the Danish National Archives, State and University Library and the Royal Library
• Contact information
– Anders Bo Nielsen, The National Archives abn@ra.sa.dk
– Ulla Bøgvad Kejser, The Royal Library ubk@kb.dk
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