US foreign policy by 1914. Worldwide influence

US foreign policy by 1914

US foreign policy by 1914

US foreign policy by 1914

•Worldwide influence

US foreign policy by 1914

•Worldwide influence

• Economically motivated

US foreign policy by 1914

•Worldwide influence

• Economically motivated

• Limited military engagement

The Monroe Doctrine: 1823“The American continents, bythe free and independent condition which they have assumed and maintain, are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European powers.”

- Monroe DoctrineJames Monroe, 1758-1831

The Monroe Doctrine: 1823

The Monroe Doctrine: 1823

• Established:

• Independent US foreign policy

The Monroe Doctrine: 1823

• Established:

• Independent US foreign policy

• Aim of ending the extension of European influence in Western Hemisphere

The Monroe Doctrine: 1823

• Established:

• Independent US foreign policy

• Aim of ending the extension of European influence in Western Hemisphere

• Foundation for US intervention

The Spanish-American War (1898)

The Spanish-American War (1898)

The Treaty of Paris: 1898The Treaty of Paris: 1898

Cuba freed from Spanish rule.

Spain gave up Puerto Rico and the island ofGuam.

The U. S. paid Spain$20 million for thePhilippines.

The U. S. became“an imperial power”

The Open Door Policy: 1900

The Open Door Policy: 1900

Secretary John Hay.

Gave all nations equalaccess to trade in China.

Guaranteed that China would NOT be taken over by any one foreign power.

TheOpen Door

Policy

TheOpen Door

Policy

The Boxer Rebellion: 1900

The Boxer Rebellion: 1900

Society of Righteous & Harmonious Fists

2,500 US troops involved in suppression

Dominican Republic default, 1903

Dominican Republic default, 1903

- Unable to pay money owed on $40 million in loans.

- European nations threatened to intervene.

- US President Roosevelt announced that under the Monroe Doctrine , the US could not allow foreign nations to intervene in Latin America.

The Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine: 1904The Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine: 1904

Chronic wrongdoing… may in America, as elsewhere, ultimately require intervention by some civilized nation, and in the Western Hemisphere the adherence of the United States to the Monroe Doctrine may force the United States, however reluctantly, in flagrant cases of such wrongdoing or impotence, to the exercise of an international police power .

Speak softly and carry a big stick

Russo-Japanese war 1904-1905

Treaty of Portsmouth: 1905

Treaty of Portsmouth: 1905

Nobel Peace Prize for TeddyNobel Peace Prize for Teddy

US Economy by 1900

Foreign Trade in oil, 1870-1914

Commercial/Business Interests

Commercial/Business Interests

U. S. Foreign Investments: 1869-1908

U. S. Foreign Investments: 1869-1908

Taft’s “Dollar Diplomacy”: 1909

- US President, 1909-1913

- American economy needed opportunities for further growth

- Intervention and loans in Asia and Latin America

U. S. Global Investments &Investments in Latin America,

1914

U. S. Global Investments &Investments in Latin America,

1914

Improve financialopportunities for American businesses.

Use private capital tofurther U. S. interestsoverseas.

Therefore, the U.S. should create economic and political stability abroad in ways that would best promote America’s commercial interests.

U. S. Interventions in Latin America: 1898-1920s

U. S. Interventions in Latin America: 1898-1920s

Military/Strategic InterestsMilitary/Strategic Interests

Alfred T. Mahan, The Influence of Sea Power on History: 1660-1783

Alfred T. Mahan, The Influence of Sea Power on History: 1660-1783

Our “Sphere of Influence”Our “Sphere of Influence”