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8/8/2019 US Dept Agriculture Meteor Burst Systems Power Point 2009
1/11
AMS-Network of NetworksUSDA-NRCS
SCAN, SNOTEL, and Snow CourseNetworks
Slide 1
Garry L. Schaefer, WCM Branch Leader,
National Water and Climate Center, Portland, OR
August 10-13, 2009
Norman, OK
8/8/2019 US Dept Agriculture Meteor Burst Systems Power Point 2009
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SCAN Current network has 151
stations in 40 States Provides hourly data with
Precipitation
Slide 2
Air temperature Relative humidity Solar radiation
Wind speed and direction Barometric pressure
Soil moisture and soiltemperature 5, 10, 20, 50, and 100 CM
And other sensors as needed
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Slide 3
8/8/2019 US Dept Agriculture Meteor Burst Systems Power Point 2009
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Soil Moisture/ PrecipitationUAPB Point Remove, AR
Soil Moisture vs. Precipitation
PRELIMINARY DATA SUBJECT TO CHANGE
40
45
2.5
3
Slide 4
15
20
25
30
35
3/1/2008
3/7/2008
3/13/2008
3/19/2008
3/25/2008
3/31/2008
4/6/2008
4/12/2008
4/18/2008
4/24/2008
4/30/2008
5/6/2008
5/12/2008
5/18/2008
5/24/2008
5/30/2008
6/5/2008
6/11/2008
6/17/2008
6/23/2008
6/29/2008
7/5/2008
7/11/2008
Hourly Readings
VolumetricSoilMoisture
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
InchesofPrecipitation
Hourly Precipitation 2" Soil Moisture 4" Soil Moisture 8" Soil Moisture 20" Soil Moisture 40" Soil Moisture
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SCAN Vision SCAN is a cooperative network with funding provided
both from federal and cooperator sources
Full implementation would have 1,000 new stationsand partnering with existing networks for an
Slide 5
additional 1,000 stations
The NRCS stations would utilize the BenchmarkSoils as the first priority for installation
All historic and real-time SCAN data are available onthe web http:www.wcc.nrcs.usda.gov/scan
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SNOTEL and Snow CourseCooperative Networks
SNOTEL is a Large Automated Climate
Network
Slide 6
Main focus for data is for snow water content
Located in the 13 Western States and Alaska
Utilizes meteor burst communication technology totransmit remote station data in near real-time
All data are available on the web within minutes ofcollection
8/8/2019 US Dept Agriculture Meteor Burst Systems Power Point 2009
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SNOTEL and Snow CourseNetworks
SNOTEL is a Large AutomatedClimate Network Began in 1978 765 remote stations
Generally in high elevationareas
Slide 7
Located in the 13 WesternStates including Alaska
Manual Snow Course Network ~ 1,000 manual snow courses
providing monthly snow depthand water contentmeasurements
Measured infrequently duringthe winter months
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SNOTEL Parameters Typical Sensor Array
Snow water content
All season precipitation
Slide 8
, ,average)
Snow depth
Soil moisture and soil temperature at 35% ofnetwork measured at 10 cm, 20 cm, and 50 cmwith 10 % using the same depths as SCAN
~ 40% report hourly data and only the midnightdata are quality controlled and edited by NRCS
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Typical SNOTEL Station
Slide 9
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Conclusions
All three networks provide valuable soil-climate information The automated networks are very cost effective to operate The automated networks operate on solar power and batteries so they can be
Slide 10
technology to retrieve the remote station data
NRCS is working with partners to develop a spatial soil moisture model thatintegrates above ground information along with soils information and in situ soilmoisture data to provide a spatial map of soil moisture with confidence intervals
SCAN and SNOTEL data are available on the web hourly SCAN and SNOTEL data are sent to the NWS hourly for redistribution to NWS
offices and others NRCS is in the process of acquiring a CONUS meteor burst communication
system of master stations allowing the NRCS total U.S. coverage
Each master station can receive about 3,000 remote stations within a 2,000 KMradius
SNOTEL has line-item funding while SCAN is supported by NRCS andcooperator funding at this time
USDA has requested from NRCS 2011 Budget Initiatives to expand andmaintain both networks
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Contacts Garry L. Schaefer, NRCS
Water & Climate Monitoring Branch Leader1201 NE Lloyd Blvd., Suite 802Portland, OR 97232
Slide 11
Phone: 503-414-3068 Fax: 503-414-3101Email: garry.schaefer@por.usda.gov
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