URBAN LAND CONFLICTS AND FORCED … de Janeiro, Observatório Permanente dos Conflitos Urbanos...

7th GLTN Partners Meeting, April 2018

Land and conflict side event

URBAN LAND CONFLICTS

AND FORCED EVICTIONS

IN LATIN AMERICA

AND THE CARIBBEAN

www.SueloUrbano.org

Raquel Ludermir,

Habitat for Humanity International - LAC

(GLTN’s Urban CSO Cluster)

Collaborative effort

Regional consultation

Objective: was to provide an overview of:

• Different types of urban land conflicts, root causes;

• Tools and approaches addressing the issue, lessons learned;

• Way forward, entry points, opportunities for collaboration, etc.

Methodology:

• Regional online consultation in Spanish, Portuguese and English

• Contribution from over 30 experts and organizations, in 12 countries

Interviews with experts

Report

• Organized in 3 sections:• Understanding the issue• Tools and good practices• Way forward

• Available in English, Spanish, Portuguese; widely disseminated;

• Next phase• Another 16 experts / organizations engaged

Evidence from the ground

Some figures:

• 4 million people evicted in Colombia;

• 270k displaced in Haiti;

• 250k evicted / threatened in Brazil;

Different types of conflicts:

• Massive development-led evictions;

• Displacements related to civil/armed conflicts;

• Intrafamilial conflicts.

• Inequality and poverty

• Chaotic urbanization

• Weak governance

• Criminality

• Corruption

• Large inequalities in access to land

• Historical discrimination against the poor

• Informality

• Forced evictions

• Land grabbing

Root causes, problems

Tools and approaches

1. Mapping tools and initiatives

2. Land policies

3. Advocacy, capacity building, awareness raising

Mapa de Conflitos, Brasilhttp://mapadeconflitos.org.br

Housing and Land Rights Violation Database. http://hlrn.org/welcome2.php#.WP1RWIgrKM8

GLOBAL NATIONAL

Conflictos de Suelo Urbano

Bolivia:

https://conflictosurbanosb

olivia.crowdmap.com/

Mapping initiatives

Buenos Aires, Mapa de las unidades afectadas por los desalojos en La Boca. Observatorio del Derecho a la Ciudadhttps://www.google.com/maps/d/u/0/viewer?mid=17SuvL5XBfVET1GKMuy2Fid7jFQc&ll=-34.63627606842835%2C-58.362633500000015&z=15

Rio de Janeiro, ObservatórioPermanente dos Conflitos Urbanos Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeirohttp://www.ettern.ippur.ufrj.br/projetos-em-andamento/38/observatorio-de-conflitos-urbanos-no-rio-de-janeiro

São Paulo, Slums on fire http://of.org.br/noticias-analises/favelas-e-especulacao/

São Paulo, Observatório das Remoçõeshttps://www.observatorioderemocoes.fau.usp.br/

Mapping initiatives

Policies

Prevention and mediation of land conflict

• TRINIDAD Y TOBAGO: • Incremental approach to land regularization: • (1) Certificate of Comfort; (2) 30-year Statutory Lease; (3) 199-

year Deed of Lease

• BRAZIL: • Special Zones of Social Interest (ZEIS)• National Policy for the Prevention and Mediation of Land Conflict;

Multistakeholder forum for conflict mediation

• HONDURAS• Bank trusts

Robin Rajack, IDB: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c

xW2QCWqQ0M&t=9s

Access to justice

• Awareness-raising of judicial authorities through evidence-based dialogues / workshops.

Outcomes:• A harmonized judicial response to

land claims.• A programme to accelerate such

judicial processes. • A Public Defender’s Office

taskforce to assist informal dwellers seeking judicial redress.

School of women leaders in tenure security

• Community empowerment through training of right-holders and -defenders at the sub-national and local levels.

Land Rights Helpdesk

• Partnership with private law firm (pro-bono); • Central America and Peru

Roadmap

• Legal, technical advise; while collectinginformation on main challenges to securetenure, focus on women

• Paralegal program

• Community empowerment

Way forward

GLOBAL: Alignment with GLTN’s Land & Conflict Initiative

REGIONAL: Working Group / Community of Practice• Knowledge management to support local implementation

• Integrate databases, continue data collection

• Expand inventory of tools

• Coordinate / leverage local initiatives

LOCAL: Opportunities for local implementation• i.e.: Honduras Property Institute requesting support to design

conflict mediation policy and tools

Thank you!

Ludermir.Raquel@gmail.com

www.SueloUrbano.org