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Unit 6: World War I
1795-1814: Napoleon conquers most of EuropeFrance gains a lot of National Pride
1795-1814: Napoleon conquers most of EuropeFrance gains a lot of National Pride
1795-1814: Napoleon conquers most of EuropeFrance gains a lot of National Pride
How do you think other European countries reacted to this?
Napoleon is defeated for good in 1815and exiled to the island of Saint Helena
Congress of Vienna: 1814-1815
After Napoleon’s defeat, European leaders meet. Prevent future control by one person. “Balance of Powers.”
Congress of Vienna: 1814-1815
Main decisions made by the “4 Great Powers” of Europe – Britain, Russia, Prussia, Austria
Congress of Vienna: 1814-1815
Main decisions made by the “4 Great Powers” of Europe – Britain, Russia, Prussia, AustriaFrance officially loses Napoleon's conquests
Results of the Congress: Spheres of Influence in Europe
Sphere of Influence:
A territorial area over which political or economic influence is wielded by one nation
Results of the Congress: Spheres of Influence in Europe
Russia expands
Creation of the German Confederation
Prussia and Austria become largest, most powerful kingdoms in Central Europe
Otto von Bismarck and realpolitik “The politics of reality”
Make decisions that are practical rather than idealistic
Otto von Bismarck and realpolitik “The politics of reality”
Building and maintaining power is the mostvital purpose ofa government
Countries are outfor themselves
Nationalism
Otto von Bismarck and realpolitik “The politics of reality”
What is an example of realpolitik in the modern world?
Austro-Prussian War – 1866aka Seven Weeks War Bismarck wants Prussia to
have more power than Austria
In 1866 Austria and Prussia fight and Prussia wins
Northern Germany becomes unified. Prussia is most powerful state in Germany and Austria is excluded from their empire
1867: Austro-Hungarian Empire Austrian Empire
lost war; new empire created, Austria-Hungary
11 ethnic groupsMaintained close
ties with the new German Empire
Another war: Franco-Prussian War - 1870
Bismarck wanted an even stronger Prussia
German military was superior
German nationalism throughout all regions in German Confederation
“Prussia was not a country with an army, but an army with a country” – Friedrich Freiherr von Schrötte, Prussian minister
German Territorial gains: Alsace-Lorraine (on French border)
France owes Germany 5 billion Francs in damages
Breech-loading Krupp Gun
France crushed at Battle of Sedan
German Unification!! 1871
Germany now most powerful country on European continent
Bismarck: German Chancellor
No more balance of powers from Conference of Vienna
German Unification!! 1871
Germany establishes twolegislative houses: -Reichstag-Bundesrat
Real Power, however, remained in the hands of:-Emperor (Kaiser) William I-Chancellor Bismarck
German Unification!! 1871
Which neighboring states lost the most territory to the German Empire? Who do you think would be mostlikely to seek revenge?
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