UNIT 3: ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL CONFLICT Lesson 3.6: Growing Issues Between the North and South

UNIT 3: ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL CONFLICTLesson 3.6: Growing Issues Between the North and South.

Focus

What Were The Positive Outcomes Of Jay’s Treaty? What Were The Causes Of The Quasi-war? How Did The Alien And Sedition Acts Interfere W/

The Lives Of Americans? What Is The Significance Of The Virginia-Kentucky

Resolution? What Is Significant About The Election Of 1800? What Were The Causes Of The War Of 1812? What

Were The Consequences Of The War Of 1812? What Treaty Ended The War Of 1812?

Activate

What do you already know in regard to the differences between the north and the south prior to the civil war?

Frayer / sectionalism

WHAT WAS GOING ON IN THE NORTH?

ERA OF GOOD FEELINGS

The “Era of Good Feelings” came to describe the era of James Monroes presidency.

The war of 1812 and the Hartford Convention unites nation under the republican party.

American leaders would launch an ambitious program to strengthen our nation!

1. George Washington (1789-1797)2. John Adams (1797-1801)3. Thomas Jefferson (1801-1809)4. James Madison (1809-1817)5. James Monroe (1817-1825)6. John Quincy Adams (1825-1829)

ECONOMIC NATIONALISM Without a national bank to regulate currency, inflation set in

during the war of 1812 Government had to pay high interest rates to state and

private banks. John C. Calhoun of SC = the 2nd national bank power to

issue national currency and control state banks.

TARIFFS AND TRANSPORTATION

War of 1812 forced American manufacturing to become more self-sufficient

Congress passed the Tariff of 1816 as a protective tariff – designed to protect American industry

Road and canal construction also began, with private business and local gov. funding much of it

East-west highway = national road Robert Fultons steamboat, and the construction of canals

(Erie) increased trade and expanded national markets.

A NEW SYSTEM OF PRODUCTION

Free enterprise, low taxes, and incorporation laws allowed for the north to experience the industrial revolution.

interchangeable parts revolutionized the manufacturing industry by allowing complex parts to be made in stages by unskilled workers.

AP 1 Venn Diagram/ North vs. South

WHAT WAS GOING ON IN THE SOUTH? Lesson 3.6 part 2

THE SOUTHERN ECONOMY The south thrived on cash crops = tobacco, rice, sugarcane,

and most importantly, cotton Eli Whitneys cotton gin will allow cotton to become big

business Invention of cotton gin happens at same time that textile

factories became huge in Europe.

COTTON BECOMES KING By 1860, cotton makes up 2/3 of total export trade in the

USA Cotton gin allows southern planters to become wealthy, but

also strengthened slavery

SOCIETY IN THE SOUTH

Planter elite = large plantation owners = made up of .5% of population, but dominate economy and politics

Yoeman farmers = ordinary farmers = vast majority = most owned no slaves, worked land themselves

White / rural poor = less than 10% of population = meager existence of hunting/fishing, gardening

Bottom of society were African Americans (93% enslaved) = about 37% of total population

SLAVERY

Slaves had few legal rights, were forbidden to learn how to read and write, and were considered property

A “necessary evil”?

PLANTATION LIFE On small farms and plantations, the task system was used

= Workers given specific set of jobs to accomplish every day.

once work done they could do what they wanted. Large plantations used gang system= Workers divided into work gangs that labored from sun up

to sun down.

COPING WITH ENSLAVEMENT songs and religion became very important aspects of

African American culture. Christianity provided hope

RESISTANCE AND REBELLION Other ways of resistance: Work slowdowns Sabatoge Uprisings Nat Turner=slave revolt in 1831, killing 50 white men,

women, and children

AP 2 North vs South

SLAVERY LEADS TO GROWING SECTIONALISM

The one political party system dominated by republicans began to unravel in the 1820’s.

Issues = westward expansion and slavery

The Missouri Compromise

In 1819 the union consisted of 11 free and 11 slave states.

Tensions rise when Missouri applies for statehood = upset power of balance in senate

The compromise engineered by Henry Clay would only temporarily ease tensions

The elections of 1824 and 1828 = Growing SECTIONALISM

The election of 1824 showed how sectionalized our nation had become

“favorite sons” Henry Clay of Kentucky and Andrew Jackson of Tennessee represented the west.

John Q. Adams was NE favorite son, and William Crawford represented the South

Adams wins election of 1824 = “Corrupt Bargain” between Clay and Adams. Jackson cries foul.

Election of 1828 = mudslinging…..Old Hickory (Andrew Jackson) gets revenge.

AP 3 : sectionalism

5 words

Activity

Why we need a Protective Tariff.

Learning Log

Today I learned……  Which of the following best describes the “Era of Good Feelings”? How did building canals and railways boost the US economy? What factors contributed to the development of industry in the

north? How did interchangeable parts revolutionize the manufacturing

industry? How did the cotton gin and cotton farming change the south? How was working within the task system different than working

within the gang system? How did slaves show resistance? How did the Missouri Compromise maintain the balance of power

in the senate? What is the historical significance of the1824?

UNIT 3: ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL CONFLICTLesson 3.6: Growing Issues Between the North and South: Part 2

Focus

Which of the following best describes the “Era of Good Feelings”?

How did building canals and railways boost the US economy? What factors contributed to the development of industry in the

north? How did interchangeable parts revolutionize the manufacturing

industry? How did the cotton gin and cotton farming change the south? How was working within the task system different than working

within the gang system? How did slaves show resistance? How did the Missouri Compromise maintain the balance of power

in the senate? What is the historical significance of the1824?

Activate

What were 2 things that you learned yesterday from the video “division”?

Frayer / Popular Sovereignty

GTT = “Gone to Texas”

Southerners begin to emigrate to Texas to extend the “Cotton Kingdom”. They bring slavery with them!

Texas becomes “Americanized” Santa Anna refuses self rule for Texas,

and attempts to crush independence movement at the Alamo.

Texans win independence after their victory at San Jacinto.

The Annexation of Texas and our victory in the Mexican American War further increases sectional tension!

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo = Mexico ceded (gave up) 500,000 sq miles Rio Grande southern border USA paid mexico 15 million and agreed to

take up 3.25 million in Mexican debt Dream of manifest destiny realized! Question of slavery in new territories

would lead to another war……..

THE SEARCH FOR COMPROMISE The Mexican war greatly increased sectional tensions =

should new states be slave or free?

AP 1: summarize

In one sentence: Explain the causes and effects of going

to war with Mexico.

THE WILMOT PROVISO (1846) No slavery in any new territory South = any anti slavery decision threatens slavery

everywhere

POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY

Moderates believed each new territory should be allowed to decide if slave or free

Seemed democratic, gets issue out of national politics

THE GREAT DEBATE BEGINS (49’ers = California ….South feared loss of political power,

some talk of secession Henry clay of Kentucky = “Great Compromiser” = tries to

save the union!

THE COMPROMISE OF 1850 Called “final settlement between north and south”????? California admitted as a free state Rest of territory taken from Mexico = popular sov. Outlawed slave trade in DC, but did no outlaw slavery Congress would not interfere w/ slave trade and would pass

fugitive slave act

AP 2: talking heads

1’s tell 2’s what part of the Compromise of 1850 benefited the North.

2’s tell 1’s what part of the Compromise of 1850 benefited the South.

THE FUGITIVE SLAVE ACT Actually hurt south by creating hostility toward slavery in

north

NORTHERN RESISTANCE GROWS

Ordinary citizens forces to help capture runaways Indifference over issue of slavery becomes anger

THE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD Well organized system became legendary Harriett Tubman most famous “conductor” Caused further distrust b/w South and North

UNCLE TOM’S CABIN

Book by Harriett Beecher Stowe had profound impact of the northern perception of slavery

Portrayed slaves as real people in tragic circumstances South outraged, considered by many as a cause of the civil

war Lincoln: “So you’re the little lady that started the great big

war”

THE KANSAS-NEBRASKA ACT Kansas-Nebraska act of 1854 essentially repeals Missouri

Compromise Allowed popular sovereignty to solve issue of slavery

BLEEDING KANSAS Battleground between pro slavery forces from Missouri vs.

Anti-slavery forces from north Lecompton = slave capital Topeka = anti-slave capital By end of 1856 200 died

THE CANING OF CHARLES SUMNER Preston Brookes of South Carolina severely beats

abolitionist Charles Sumner in the senate chamber 293

Activating: Causes of the Civil War

THE CRISIS DEEPENS

Anger over the Kansas-Nebraska Act led to the formation of the Republican Party

Republicans agreed slavery should be left out of new territories

Dred Scott decision further intensifies debate = effectivley allowed slavery anywhere!!

Video Clip:Slavery and Western Expansion

Slavery and Western Expansion http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LQQJ

DR_rX30 3 2 1

THE EMERGENCE OF ABRAHAM LINCOLN

In 1858 Illinois Republicans chose Abraham Lincoln to run against Stephen Douglas for senate.

Lincoln-Douglas debates would earn Lincoln notoriety.

Lincoln = not an abolitionist but believed slavery morrally wrong

Douglas = popular soveriegnty

JOHN BROWN’S RAID On oct. 16th, 1859,

John Brown and 18 followers seized a weapons arsenal in harpers ferry.

Plan was to arm slaves and lead revolt

John Brown catpured and executed-pg 301

Southerners view him as terrorist

Northerners view him as martyr

AP 3: Create a test question

1’s = create a test question for the following:

Fugitive slave Act Uncle Tom’s Cabin Kansas Nebraska Act

2’s = create a test question for the following:

Dred Scott Abraham Lincoln John Browns raid.

SWITCH

activity

ATSU “division” 3-2-1 3 = things that you learned 2 = things that you thought were

interesting 1 = questions that you have _____________________________________ Summarize

Learning Log

In your journal, summarize what you have learned in regard to the growing differences between the North and the South. What events increased sectional conflict between the North and South?