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Difference between country, nation, state Country- geography of something, where it is located
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Unit 1Chapter 1Section 1
Principles of GovernmentMr. Young
2, 3, 4, 5 periods
Essential Questions How do the four essential features help to
determine whether a land mass is a state or not?
How do the Purpose of government effect your life on a daily basis?
Difference betweencountry, nation, state Country- geography of something, where it is
located
Difference betweencountry, nation, state Nation- denote the people, who lives there
Difference betweencountry, nation, state State- the political within a territory
The State State- a body of people living in a defined
territory, organized politically, with the power to make and enforce laws
The State Nation-state- when the boundaries of a state
and nation are the same
Essentials Features of a State There are four common essential features
that make up a state in today’s society1. Population2. Territory3. Sovereignty4. Government
Population Most obvious, how many
people, what do they look like, etc
Also affects stability, if pop shares a general political and social consensus, agreement about basic beliefs, then government is usually stable
Also affected by mobility
Territory Basically what they
own, what are there boundaries
Usually a source of major conflict
May change as a result of:
1. War2. Negotiations3. purchase
Sovereignty Key to being a state Means that state has
the supreme and absolute authority within its territorial boundaries
No state has right to interfere with other state (in theory)
Government Institution through which the state maintains
social order, provides public services, and enforces decisions on all people living within the state
Derive power from two sources:1. Legitimacy- willingness to obey the
government2. Coercive force- police, judicial, and military
institutions
Theories of the Origin of the State Evolutionary Theory-
Head family serves as authority, until they eventually needed more organization
Theories of the Origin of the State Force Theory-
government emerged when all the people of an area were brought under the authority of one person or group.
Theories of the Origin of the State Divine Right Theory-
god or gods had chosen certain people to rule.
To oppose was to oppose a god or gods and to commit sin and treason
Theories of the Origin of the State Social Contract Theory-
theory that by contract, people surrender to the state the power needed to maintain order and the state, in turn agrees to protect its citizens
Important People: John Locke and Thomas Hobbes
Social Contract Theory
The Purposes of Government Government has many purposes, but they
will all fall somewhere under these four1. Maintaining social order2. Providing Public Service3. Providing National Security4. Making Economic Decisions
Maintaining Social Order People cannot live in
groups without conflicts
Provides ways of resolving conflicts among members of a group, such as making and enforcing laws
Providing Public Services
Helps to provide essential services that people cannot provide by themselves
These include:1. Roads2. Buildings3. Make and enforce laws4. Public health and
safety
Providing National Security Protect people from
other states/nations or other threats
Helps deal with foreign nations
Major concern of sovereign state
Making Economic Decisions Governments use their
power, money, and resources to help keep people happy
Also use their resources to help other nations
Try to stimulate economy to help people in struggling times
Essential Questions How do the four essential features help to
determine whether a land mass is a state or not?
How do the Purpose of government effect your life on a daily basis?
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