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Union In Peril, The Civil War (1861-1865)
The States Take Sides…
To Preserve The Union S.C. succeeds, no legal means to leave the union
Ft Sumter attacked, April 12th, 1861
Lincoln sees this an act of treason / rebellion
State Militias formed, Habeas Corpus (right to trial) suspended
The Union Gears Up
Clay’s (Hamilton’s) American System
vs.
Jefferson’s Pastoral System
North; Union Army South; Confederate Army
Game Plans
Naval Blockade to cut off South
Use of Industry to outlast South
Divide, Conquer, and Occupy rebellious states.
Keep Attacking until North losses the will to fight.
Seek aid from England Cotton trade seen as critical
Prevent Northern Advances South, Take D.C.
Ulysses S. Grant Robert E. Lee
Top Players…
Bit of a “wild card”, Indian fighter
Appointed head of army in 1864
Total War (destroy everything)
Skilled Tactician
Believed in fast, hard-hitting attacks
Focused on trying to knock-out D.C.
Major Battles… Battle at Gettysburg
Gettysburg Pennsylvania Furthest advance north of Lee’s army Over 46,000 killed, wounded or MIA in three days
First decisive victory in for the Union Gettysburg Address Lee’s army defeated, beginning of the end for CSA
Other battles: map
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/lifestyle/special/civil-war-interactive/civil-war-battles-and-casualties-interactive-map/
Gettysburg Address
1863
Lincoln used the victory to reassure the country that the “Union shall not parish from the earth”.
Dedication of a military cemetery
The speaker before Lincoln spoke for over 2 hours…. Lincoln, only a few minutes…
Emancipation Proclamation! 1863
Freed all slaves in rebellious states (not in the north where slavery was still legal however)
185,000 freed slaves fought for the union
While not a law, framed the war in a new moral context
Wars End (1865) Lee Surrenders to Grant at Appomattox Courthouse
Most of the southern resistance vanishes
Over 1,147,954 killed in action, thousands more killed by infection/ sickness.
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