Unification of China

Chapter 4

section 4

Confucius Filial piety Bureaucracy Daoism Legalism

I Ching Yin and yang Gin Dynasty Shi Huangdi Autocracy

China’s most influential scholar

Zhou Dynasty Desire to restore

order Led a scholarly

life

Five relationships 1 ruler and subject 2 father and son 3 husband and wife 4 older brother and

younger brother 5 friend and friend Code of conduct

regulated relationships

Loyal and law abiding

3 relationships based on family

Filial piety-respect for parents and ancestorsDevoting ones self

to their parents and ancestors

Honoring their memories after death

Govern wisely Confucius

overwhelmed peopleWith kindnessCourtesyCrime vanished

overnight Analects-

Confucius words in a book

• Education – From humbly born

to gentleman • Bureaucracy-a

trained civil service who ran the government

• Confucianism- never a religion

• Foundation of government and order

Daoists- natural order involves relationships with all living things

Laozi- founder Doa- means the

way Only humans fail

to follow Argue about right

and wrong Daoism-philosophy

of Laozi

Legalism founders- Hanfeizi and Li Si

Highly efficient and powerful government is the way

Ruler should provide rich rewards for good

Harsh punishment for bad

Control both ideas and actions

Burn books that criticizezcriticisms

Prince to rule, people to obey

Qin Dynasty-3rd century BC

221 BC Shi Huangdi-first

emperor began reign

Fought invaders doubled China’s size

Crushed political opposition

• Commanded all noble families to live in the capitol

• Uprooted 120,000 families

• Seized their land• Made 36

administrative district

• Li Su murdered Confucian scholars

Practical booksAbout medicineFarming saved

Autocracy-a government who has unlimited power and uses it in an arbitrary manner

Built 4000 miles of roads

Set standards forWritingLawCurrencyWeights and

measures Irrigation

increased Trade blossomed

Harsh taxes Repressive

government Unpopular Shi Huangdi –

unification expense freedom

Scholars and the poor hated Shi Huangdi

Forced to work on defensive wall

Hundreds of thousands to build

Work on the wall or die

Harsh coonditions

Second Qin Emperor

Peasants rebelled

Marched to capitol 202 BC

Han Dynasty started

One of the longest