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Ulcerative Colitis (UC)A chronic illness that causes inflammation of the lining of the large intestine.1
Symptoms1
• Frequent bowel movements or diarrhea(loose stool)
• Bloody bowel movements
• Abdominal pain/cramping
• Rectal urgency (an urgent need to havea bowel movement)
• Tenesmus (a feeling of wanting to go tothe bathroom but with nothing to pass)
• Weight loss
• Feeling generally unwell
Complications2
Potential complications arising from ulcerative colitis include:• Colectomy (surgical removal of the colon)
• Severe bleeding in the colon
• Increased risk of colon cancer
• Perforation (tear) in the colon
Understanding
Ulcerative Colitis
Rectum
Anus
Cecum
Sigmoid colon
Descending colon
Transverse colonAscending
colon
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Medication Types Description
Aminosalicylatese.g., 5-ASA: Asacol*, Pentasa*, Salofalk*, Mezavant*
Oral and rectally administered anti-inflammatory drugs for mild to moderate disease; they act through several mechanisms
Corticosteroidse.g., prednisone, betamethasone, Betnesol*
Oral and rectally administered drugs used to suppress the inflammatory response through a variety of mechanisms
Immunosuppressantse.g., Imuran* (azathioprine), Purinethol* (6-mercaptopurine), methotrexate
Oral medications that inhibit T-cell function in the immune system; used for long-term symptom control
Biologicse.g., Remicade* (infliximab), Simponi* (golimumab), Humira* (adalimumab), Entyvio* (vedolizumab)
Intravenous or subcutaneous agents that target specific areas of the immune system to relieve inflammation
Surgerye.g., colectomy
Removal of the colon to treat medically refractory disease or complications
Notes:
References: 1. Steinhart AH. Crohn’s & Colitis: Understanding and Managing IBD. Toronto, Canada: Robert Rose; 2006. 2. Ulcerative Colitis. Merck Manual of Medical Information — Second Home Edition website. http://www.merck.com/mmhe/print/sec09/ch126/ch126c.html. Accessed July 21, 2010. 3. Kornbluth A, Sachar DB. Ulcerative Colitis Practice Guidelines in Adults (Update): American College of Gastroenterology, Practice Parameters Committee. Am J Gastroenterol. 2010;99(7):1371-1385.
* Trademarks are the property of their respective owner(s).
† Adapted from Dignass et al., 2012 & CCFC, 2012 ‡ These treatment options do not necessarily treat or prevent complications of ulcerative colitis, nor are they indicated to prevent or minimize the risk of colon cancer.
Understanding Ulcerative Colitis
Treatment Goals3
• Achieve relief of symptoms and remain symptom-free
• Reduce the need for corticosteroids
• Enhance quality of life:
• Reduce impairment of function at school/work
• Reduce disruption to personal relationships
• Access to social and emotional support and patient education
Treatment OptionsTreatment of ulcerative colitis is tailored to each person depending on the location and severity of the disease. Here are some common treatment options available2†‡:
Mild Moderate Severe
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