UbuntuNet Alliance for Research and Education Networking

In the name of God the Most Compassionate and Merciful

1.Introduction2. Project Overall Goal3. Business Plan4. Network Plan5. Operation and Maintenance7. Project Cost8. Challenges and Opportunities9. Proposed Network Design21/04/23 2

ContentsContents

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1. Introduction 1. Introduction

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1. About Sudan1. About Sudan

Area : 1 million square miles.

Population: 36 Million

1993 Privatization of Telecommunication in Sudan

•1994 Regulator•1995 Internet

•1997 Mobile Communication

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Telecommunication Revolution in SudanTelecommunication Revolution in Sudan

Mobile Technologies: 2.5 G, 3G, and 3.5G

Data Transmission Networks : X-25, ATM, Frame Relay, DSL, mDSL, EVDO

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Telecommunication Revolution in SudanTelecommunication Revolution in Sudan

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Optical Fibre in SudanOptical Fibre in Sudan

a total of 11000 km Covering all states except the south

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Higher Education Higher Education 1902

• The beginning of higher education in Sudan trace to the establishment of the Gordon Memorial College in 1902

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Geographical Distribution of UniversitiesGeographical Distribution of Universities

10

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• The ICT community at these universities and enthusiastic users exerted great pressure to acquire their own network.

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1. Introduction 1. Introduction

• In 2004 the Ministry of Higher Education responded to these needs by establishing The Sudanese Universities Virtual Library project (SUVL) and later being upgraded to Sudanese Universities Information Network (SUIN.)

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1. Introduction 1. Introduction

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The Sudanese Universities Information Network

Main Goals

The main goals of this project are to provide connectivity among the Sudanese educational institutions, increase sharing of knowledge, help universities build their information infrastructure, and extend the value of digital libraries.

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Main Goals

The main goals of this project are to provide connectivity among the Sudanese educational institutions, increase sharing of knowledge, help universities build their information infrastructure, and extend the value of digital libraries.

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• UofK is the oldest and largest public university in Sudan. • It has 5 campuses located in different geographical

locations in Khartoum.• In 1999 the campuses were connected in a WAN based

on different technologies (Optical fibre, frame relay and wireless Tech).

• The business plan for SUIN was based on the model of the University of Khartoum (UofK) network

• It has a similar users’ behaviour and service demand•

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Business PlanBusiness Plan

• A five years plan for the whole project was outlined as follows:

• Phase I Implementation of the Sudanese Universities Information Network (SUIN) 2005

• Phase II Implementation of the Sudanese Universities Virtual Library (SUVL) 2006

• Phase III Network upgrade and optimization 2007• Phase IV Content development 2008• Phase V E- services provision 2009

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Phased PlanPhased Plan

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1. Project Phase I1. Project Phase I

• 31 public universities were connected by 128 kbps data link using the Frame Relay technology to a central router at the University of Khartoum.

• 4 Mbps was provided for the Internet, using the DSL technology.

• Cisco routers and fast Ethernet were the technologies used.

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Network Plan: Phase I (2005)Network Plan: Phase I (2005)

• The service was provided by Sudatel. • Why starting with that very low connectivity ? • Because of the low budget available at that

time.

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Network Plan: Phase I (2005)Network Plan: Phase I (2005)

Frame Relay128 Kbps / month ----------150 USD

VSAT512 Kbps/ month -----------2000 USD

Optical Fibre1 Mbps /month -----------2500 USD

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Network Plan: Phase I (network topology)Network Plan: Phase I (network topology)

DTU 2801

Cisco 3660

• 10 fold increase of the traffic especially for those universities for which SUIN were the only path to the Internet.

• Due to small bandwidth; universities looked for other solutions to get a better bandwidth for the Internet.

• Weak operation due to lack of proper contacts with the ICT people in the universities.

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Network Plan: Phase I (Obstacles)Network Plan: Phase I (Obstacles)

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1. Project Phase II1. Project Phase II

Phase II

The Sudanese Universities Virtual LibrarySUVL

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Local contents

ETD Staff InstitutesLib catalog

Digital Libs

E-clases

Reports and stats

News

SUVL

Int. DBs

Int Clases

Lib Societies

Int Libraries

Int sites

International Contents

DBs

• A web server and a firewall were connected to SUIN and four databases were implemented.

• Open source software is the used• Figure (4) shows the network topology

with details concerning the web server and firewall located in the University of Khartoum.

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Network Plan: Phase II (network topology)Network Plan: Phase II (network topology)

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Network Plan: Phase II (network topology)Network Plan: Phase II (network topology)

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1. Project Phase III1. Project Phase III

• We got Fund for 2008• Optical Fiber for

– 30 Public univ,– 10 private– 10 research centers

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Phase III: Network upgradePhase III: Network upgrade

Current situation• Optical Fiber • Wireless• VSAT • Frame Relay

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Phase III: Network upgradePhase III: Network upgrade

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Phase III: Optical FiberPhase III: Optical Fiber

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Phase III: Network upgradePhase III: Network upgrade

Frame Relay

Wireless

VSAT

Optical Fibre

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Operation and MaintenanceOperation and Maintenance

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Operation and MaintenanceOperation and Maintenance

Consultancy committee• 2 Univeristies VC • 2 CEO form universities networks• 2 Directors from Ministry of Higher

Education

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Operation and MaintenanceOperation and Maintenance

Technical Team• SUIN (CEO)• UofK CEO• SUST CEO• SUIN (CTO)• Three Technical assistant ( programmers)• Two part-time network engineers

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Operation and MaintenanceOperation and Maintenance

The ICT CommitteeThe ICTC is comprised of 31 ICT specialists

(Heads of university computer centers (CEOs)).

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Operation and MaintenanceOperation and Maintenance

The Libraries and Information Committee (LIC)

The LIC is comprised of 13 librarians and information specialists in SUIN member institutions.

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Capacity BuildingCapacity Building

• In 2005: One training workshop in Networking and Linux operation system (70 trainers)

• In 2007: 3 training workshops in Linux operating system ( 20 ICT specialists)

• In 2007; 2 Training workshops in quality assurance of Libraries and building e-catalogues( 30 Librarians)

•

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Project CostProject Cost

The Project is Funded by Governmental bodies: 1. The Ministry of Higher Education 2. The Sudanese Information Technology Fund

(SITF)

• The whole project is locally funded WITHOUT any support from the International Bodies.

• THEN we need to strengthen the relation with the supporting bodies

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ChallengesChallenges

• Need for a decentralized design• Need for a sustainable operation model.• Completing the fiber networking with acceptable

prices• Keeping the parties supporting the project motivated• Improve environment and salaries for ICT

professionals • Applications and contents Development ( webhosting

, email, elearning)• Assisting in Campuses connectivity

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OpportunitiesOpportunities

• The National Regulator is the driving force for the project

• The e-government project is a guarantee for continuation

• Fiber will soon extend to southern Sudan and will connect to Uganda

• Opportunity for STM1 provision • Opportunity for Dark fibre (e-Government

project)

All connections through optical fibre• Decentralization of the network can be

based either on: 1. Based on 4 universities where professional

ICT people and proper server rooms exist. 2. E-Government Project

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Proposed Network Design Proposed Network Design

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Proposed Network Design 1

•

Proposed Network Design 1

•

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• This design is centralized in 4 universities (4 NOCs) • Static Router• SNMP Activated in all Routers• 4 VLAN ID for each site (Internet, Data, Voice, Backup)•

Proposed Network Design I Proposed Network Design I

INTERNET

Internet IP: X.X.X.X /30WAN IP: Y.Y.Y.Y /24VLAN ID:BW: 5Mbps

WAN IP: 192.168.16.4/30LAN IP: 172.16X0/24VLAN ID:BW: 2Mbps

Internet IP: X.X.X.X /30WAN IP: Y.Y.Y.Y /24VLAN ID:BW: 5Mbps

WAN IP: 192.168.16.8/30LAN IP: 172.16X0/24VLAN ID:BW: 2Mbps

UNIV 1UNIV 2UNIV 3

UNIV 4

WAN IP: 192.168.16.12/30LAN IP: 172.16X0/24VLAN ID:BW: 2Mbps

SOF

Voice

UNIV 5UNIV 6 UNIV 7 UNIV 8

UNIV 9

WAN IP: 192.168.16.16/30LAN IP: 172.16X0/24VLAN ID:BW: 2Mbps

WAN IP: 192.168.16.18/30LAN IP: 172.16X0/24VLAN ID:BW: 2Mbps

WAN IP: 192.168.16.20/30LAN IP: 172.16X0/24VLAN ID:BW: 2Mbps

WAN IP: 192.168.16.22/30LAN IP: 172.16X0/24VLAN ID:BW: 2Mbps

WAN IP: 192.168.16.30/30LAN IP: 172.16X0/24VLAN ID:BW: 2Mbps

WAN IP: 192.168.16.32/30LAN IP: 172.16X0/24VLAN ID:BW: 2Mbps

WAN IP: 192.168.16.36/30LAN IP: 172.16X0/24VLAN ID:BW: 2Mbps

WAN IP: 192.168.16.40/30LAN IP: 172.16X0/24VLAN ID:BW: 2Mbps

UNIV 28

UNIV 29

UNIV 30

UNIV 31

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Research Institutions

• WAN IP: 192.168.16.40/30• LAN IP: 172.16.0.x/24• VLAN ID:• BW: 2Mbps

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• Internet IP: X.X.X.X/30• WAN IP: Y.Y.Y.Y/24• VLAN ID:• BW: 5Mbps

Proposed Network Design I Proposed Network Design I

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Proposed Network Design IIThe e-government project

•

Proposed Network Design IIThe e-government project

•

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• The university node will be used as the gateway for the state and federal ministries and departments at state capital.• The federal ministries at Khartoum are connected to the network by GE links by using one of the following devices ( depending on size of Ministry and its location)

-Net engine (router) NE20]-Net engine (router) AR28-Layer 3 switch S3900

Proposed Network Design II Proposed Network Design II

• VLANs • Each university has its own VLAN• Routing to take place at the nearest network

engine or L3 switch• SUIN will be connected to the NTC Data

Center via network engine NE40 and GE link

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Proposed Network Design II Proposed Network Design II

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ThanksThanks

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Telecommunication in SudanTelecommunication in Sudan