U. S. Civil War 1 st Modern War in History 1861—1865

U. S. Civil WarU. S. Civil War11stst Modern War in Modern War in

HistoryHistory

1861—1865 1861—1865

I. The U.S. Civil WarI. The U.S. Civil War►Was the first to use the items Was the first to use the items

listed on the following slides listed on the following slides on a mass scaleon a mass scale

►Modern Militaries reflect these Modern Militaries reflect these ““firstsfirsts”” Although more Technically Although more Technically

AdvancedAdvanced All trace their roots back to the All trace their roots back to the

Civil WarCivil War

A. Rifled MusketsA. Rifled Muskets►The two main rifled The two main rifled muskets of the war were:muskets of the war were:North—1861 SpringfieldNorth—1861 SpringfieldSouth—Whitworth South—Whitworth

1861 Springfield, Union

Whitworth, Confederate

B. Machine GunsB. Machine Guns►There were several There were several different types of machine different types of machine guns used during the war:guns used during the war: Billinghurst-RequaBillinghurst-Requa Williams Breech Load Machine Williams Breech Load Machine

GunGun Gatling Gun (most successful)Gatling Gun (most successful)

Billinghurst-RequaBillinghurst-Requa

Williams Breech Load Williams Breech Load Machine GunMachine Gun

Gatling Gun—Still the fastest machine gun in U.S. Army

C. Rifled CanonsC. Rifled Canons

D. SubmarinesD. Submarines►Both the Union and the Both the Union and the

Confederacy used submarine Confederacy used submarine warfarewarfareNeither was greatly successfulNeither was greatly successfulBoth sunkBoth sunkBut the paved the way for But the paved the way for future usesfuture uses

U.S.S. Alligator

C.S.S. Hunley

C. S. S. Hunley

E. Exploding Artillery E. Exploding Artillery ShellsShells

F. Aerial F. Aerial ObservationObservation

►Use of hot air balloons Use of hot air balloons allowed better tactical allowed better tactical information for field information for field generalsgenerals

G. Electronic G. Electronic CommunicationCommunication

►Civil War was the first Civil War was the first war that electronic war that electronic communication was usedcommunication was usedTelegraphTelegraph

H. Rail RoadsH. Rail Roads►The Civil War was the first The Civil War was the first

war where RxRwar where RxR’’s were s were utilized to move:utilized to move:TroopsTroopsSuppliesSupplies

I. Iron ShipsI. Iron Ships►The Civil War saw the first The Civil War saw the first

use of Iron Clad and all Iron use of Iron Clad and all Iron ShipsShipsThe Battle of Hampton Roads The Battle of Hampton Roads was the first naval battle was the first naval battle between two iron shipsbetween two iron ships

U.S.S. Monitor v. C.S.S. Virginia, Sewel Point, Va March 8-9 1862

C.S.S. Virginia, formerly the

C.S.S. Merrimack

Monitor Class Union Warship

J. Photography►The Civil War was the first war The Civil War was the first war

that used photographic images that used photographic images directly from the battle fielddirectly from the battle fieldMost famous photographer of Most famous photographer of the time wasthe time was►Matthew B. BradyMatthew B. Brady

K. ConscriptionK. Conscription►The Civil War saw The Civil War saw Conscription (Draft) Conscription (Draft) being used to mandate being used to mandate military servicemilitary service

L. Total War EffortL. Total War Effort►Economy of the entire country Economy of the entire country

is dedicated to winning the waris dedicated to winning the war►Federal Income Tax collected Federal Income Tax collected

to pay for the war effortto pay for the war effort►Every citizen was expected to Every citizen was expected to

do what they could to help the do what they could to help the militarymilitary

M. Destroy the enemies M. Destroy the enemies ability to make warability to make war

Atlanta

Richmond