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Types of GovernmentsWho Governs??
Autocracy = Rule by one person
1. Totalitarian dictatorship
Ideas of a single leader or group dominate and the government seeks to control all aspects of social and economic life
Hitler, Mussolini, Stalin, Kim Jong IL
“The Leaders are the sun of the nation and mankind”
Types of Governments
2. MonarchyIdeas of a king, queen or emperor dominate the government,
position is inherited
Who Governs??
Carl XVI GustafKing of SwedenHarald VKing of NorwayMargrethe IIQueen of DenmarkElizabeth IIQueen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandBeatrixQueen of the NetherlandsAlbert IIKing of the BelgiansHenriGrand Duke of LuxembourgJuan Carlos IKing of SpainAlbert IIPrince of Monacco
Johannes Adam IIPrince of LiechtensteinAkihitoEmperor of JapanAbdullahKing of Saudi-ArabiaAbdullah IIKing of JordanRama IXKing of ThailandHamad bin Isa al-KhalifaKing of BahrainHaji Hassanal BolkiahSultan of BruneiNorodom SihanoukKing of CambodiaJaber al-Ahmad al-Jabel al-SabahEmir of Kuwait
Letsie IIIKing of LesothoMohammed VIKing of MoroccoGyanendraKing of Nepal QaboosSultan of OmanMswati IIIKing of SwazilandTaufa'ahau Tupou IVKing of TongaZayed bin Sultan an-NahyanPresident of the United Arab EmiratesMalietoa Tanumafili IIKing of Western SamoaHamad Khalifa al-ThaniEmir of Qatar
Types of Governments
Absolute Monarchy:
• Complete and unlimited power to rule their people, based on divine right
• God granted to those of royal birth the right to rule their people
• Rebellion seen as a sin and treason
Who Governs??
King Abdullah bin Abdul Aziz Al Saud
Types of GovernmentsWho Governs??
Constitutional Monarchy:
•Share power with elected legislature
•Serve mainly as the ceremonial leaders of their governments
Elizabeth IIQueen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Juan Carlos IKing of Spain
Types of Governments
Who Governs??
Oligarchy = rule by a small number of people or groups
Power comes from wealth, military power, social position or religion
Types of GovernmentsWho Governs??
Democracy = rule by many
Key idea is that the people hold sovereign power
“government of the people, by the people, and for the people.”
1. Direct democracy = people govern themselves by voting on issues individually as citizens.
Types of GovernmentsWho Governs??
2. Indirect democracy/representative democracy = citizens elect representatives and give them the responsibility and power to make laws and conduct government
Characteristics of Democracy
Individual Liberty
all people should have an equal opportunity to develop their talents to the fullest extent possible
Government works to promote that kind of equality of opportunity
Characteristics of Democracy
Majority rule with Minority Rights
•Representative democracy means that laws passed in the legislatures represent the will of the majority of the lawmakers
•Laws are accepted by the people because the lawmakers are elected by the majority of the people
•Tyranny of the majority against the minority
Characteristics of Democracy
Free Elections
•Everyone’s vote carries the same weight
•Candidates have the right to express their views freely giving voters access to competing ideas
•Citizens are free to help candidates or support issues
•Legal requirements for voting are kept to a minimum
•Citizens may vote freely by secret ballot without coercion or fear of punishment
Characteristics of Democracy
Competing political parties
Political party=groups of individuals with broad common interests who
•organize to nominate candidates,
•win elections,
•conduct government, and
•determine public policy
Political Parties:
Choice among candidates
Simplify and focus attention on key issues
“loyal opposition”
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