Tubeless it

TUBELESS TYRES

Presented by: Adit Gaur (20083073) M-1,Mechanicl

engineering.

TYRES

LET’S KNOW WHAT A TYRE IS…….Tyres are ring-shaped parts.Tyres can be either pneumatic or solid

(including rubber, metals and plastic composites).

They fit around wheels to protect them and enhance their function.

FUNCTIONS OF A TYRETires enable better vehicle performance by

providing traction, braking, steering, and load support.

Tires form a flexible cushion between the vehicle and the road, which smoothes out shock and makes for a comfortable ride.

Pneumatic tires are made of a flexible elastomer material, such as rubber, with reinforcing materials such as fabric and wire.

TUBE TYRESTube tyres are the tyres in which there is an

inner tube which is completely filled with air.Inner tubes are torus-shaped balloons made

from an impermeable material, such as soft, elastic synthetic rubber, to prevent air leakage.

The inner tubes are inserted into the tire and inflated to retain air pressure.

TUBELESS TYRESTubeless tyres are the tyres that do not require a

separate rubber inner tube.Traditional designs of tyres required a separate

inner tube which could fail for number of reasons like

1.Incorrect fitment. 2.Friction between tyre wall and inner

tube generating excess heat causing blow out.Tubeless tyres avoids the need of inner tubes

thereby increasing safety.

Constructional details In tubeless tyres ,the rim of the wheel and

the tyre form an air container.To seal the air in this tyre-rim

compartment ,the inner wall of the tyre is thoroughly lined with an impermeable ,air tight membrane.

The inner liner of tubeless tyre is constructed of halo butyl, chloro butyl and other materials ,with the valve directly mounted on the rim.

Cross sectional view of tubeless tyres

Comparison of tube & tubeless tyres

The following diagram shows the complexity and increased number of components associated with tube-type tyres.

The diagram showing the simpler construction of tubeless tyre

Benefit due to simpler construction(Unsprung weight includes the mass of the tyres,

brakes, suspension linkages and other components that move in unison with the wheels)

These components are on the roadway side of the springs and therefore react to roadway irregularities with no damping.

A 500 pound mass reacting directly to roadway irregularities at motorway speeds can generate significant vertical acceleration forces. These forces degrade the ride, and they also have a detrimental effect on handling.

As the tubeless tyres have less weight causes the unsprung weight of vehicle come down. Hence advantageous.

Run flat system with tubeless tyres

When punctured ,gentle deflation of tyre occurs unlike the tube tyres where rapid deflation takes place.This led to the run flat system.

In run flat mode ,it is capable of covering a total distance of 50 kms on road without tyre coming out from the rim or starting to burn .

The vehicle with tubeless tyres is capable of running in run flat mode at speed of 20 kmph for 2 hours.

Cooler running and better puncture resistanceDuring high speed cruises, the temperature

within the tyre rises significantly. This in turn increases the pressure on the tyre tube.

Any protrusion into the tyre which at other times will cause a routine puncture, due to such heat, causes the tube to burst like a balloon.

The tubeless tyre is better suited to hold air than a much thinner tube ,the air escapes only through the hole that caused the puncture and hence escapes at a slow pace giving the much required safety. As tubeless tyres contain the air themselves, they provide much more efficient dissipation of heat.

Advantages :

Cooler running and better puncture resistance.They can run at lower pressures without getting

pinch punctures, this gives improved grip/control.Increases the vehicle performance.More fuel efficiency.Lighter in weight due to the absence of tube.Lighter weight hence easy to steer at high speeds.Less prone to accidents.

Other advantages :The rate of decrease in air inside the tire is

very much slow when compared with the ordinary tube tires.

Less chances of accident due to tire burst.Can be used without problem in terrains &

rough roads.Better handling due to less unsprung

weight.

Disadvantages :

More costlier. Repair of tubeless tyres is not that easy.They worn out easily and should be replaced

regularly. A thread goes off easily and it should be replaced

or else it will result in sudden damage to the vehicle and reduces the control of the vehicle

Extra installing trouble & maintenance.High bleed rate(sometimes they need frequent

filling).

Cost of tubeless tyresA set ( 4 nos .) of good tubeless  tyres and rims

can cost around 25-30 thousand ( 1 Tubeless tyre costs around 2500-3000 ) .

Some of the best brands available in the market are Goodyear , Bridgestone and Dunlop .

Expensive brands such as Michelin and  Pirelli are also available ( 3500 - 4500 a piece ) .

Conversion of tube tyres to tubeless tyreWhat is convenient these days is that tyre

dealers are willing to upgrade ( at an exchange price ) your existing tyres to tubeless ones with rims or alloys.    

This cost is nothing when compared to benefits ,

safety provided by tubeless tyres.

But why there are not used in most of Indian cars?A while ago they were not used on most Indian

cars, due to a matter of availability of technology.

Due to their advantages most manufactures are in the process of switching to tubeless tyres.

Maruti was one of the forerunners and before the Esteem was offering tubeless tyres in the Grand Vitara and the Zen Carbon and Steel editions.

Other famous cars that are employing tubeless tyres in them are

HONDA ACCORDD HONDA CR-VOpel VectraChevrolet Forester The full Mercedes range Ford Endeavour Chevrolet Optra Honda City and even the higher variants of the

Ford Ikon and Toyota Qualis all use tubeless tyres.