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8/14/2019 trovato's notes: 5&7th september (imperialism)
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7/8/07
American ExceptionalismAmerica holds gods chosen people
1871: Darwin wrote about natural selection: the best immigrated doAmerica- Interna tional Darwinism
Idle unemploym ent would lead to violence. Darwin believed thatUS had to imperialize.
Unemployment affects everyone:1 person laid off -> Buy cheaper goods ->manufacturers lose money ->
workers laid off ->buy cheaper goods.
IMPERIALISM IS THE ANSWER.
Justificat ion : others are inferior to AmericansSena tor Albert Beveridge: believed that US could exploit others-sense of duty because they are inferior. Missionaries extolled virtues
of American civilization
The US looked to Asia and South America for resources and market .Diplomat John A. Kassa n said that the US was using up land- they mustexpand.
Production exceeded demand => must exportProduction exceeded demand => tight federal money policies -> less
loans to banks => farmers get no profit-> borrow money -> sink into
debt-> DEPRESSIO N -> hopelessness, anger -> REVOLUTIONThe Grange and the Populace movements (agricultural)
Railroad strike in 1871
Chicago riot in 1886
Pollman strike 1894(Pollman owned everything => pay cut => no other expenses lowered => people couldnt
afford anything)
Johnsons secretary of state William Henr y Seward and GrantsHamilton Fish thought that China was the answer: a botto mles s
8/14/2019 trovato's notes: 5&7th september (imperialism)
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market . They wanted to acquire Canada and Latin A merica . Theymade treaties with Hawa ii and Samoa:
Rutherford B. Hayes secretary of state William Everett established
com mercial USA Garfields secretary of state James Blaine- brought peace and
cultivated friendly relations with American countries for trade
Fred Frelinguysen: bilateral reciprocity- lower tariffs and stimula tetrade.mid 1880s
congress reevaluated isolation policies
navy was a joke- neede d stronger nav y to trade w ith china Chester Arthur (congress) passed act for 3 small cruisers and a
dispatch boat (wh ite squadron) Under Grover Cleveland- squadron grew, personnel improved.
Otto van Bismarck said that talking is not the answer- war wasnec essary .Benjamin Tracy wanted ships that could defend AND attack. Gooddefe nse is o ffen se (it shows strength- intimidation) He wanted todefe nd traders to improve trade. Wanted 2 fleets- atlantic and pacific.He was backed by Hale and Lodge (senators)
1890: Captain Alfred Thayer Mahan wrote Influence of Sea Powerupon the Navy saying that naval power was the ke y the na tionalgreatne ss and without a powerful navy, they would never be a worldpower or have peace and prosperity.
Public Opinion:
When people hear something enough and start to believe it- they
mentality. (Approved by politicians and media)
Walter Q. Grisham (1893) said public opinion is made and controlled
by thoughtful men of the country.
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