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Tropical Africa and Asia, 1200-1500. John Ermer AP World History Miami Beach Senior High . The Tropics. Muslim world stretched from Spain to India and to southeast Asia, and southern Eurasia to Sub-Saharan Africa - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Tropical Africa and Asia, 1200-1500
John ErmerAP World HistoryMiami Beach Senior High
The Tropics Muslim world stretched from Spain to India and to
southeast Asia, and southern Eurasia to Sub-Saharan Africa
Sub-Saharan Africa and Southern Asia share religious and geographic similarities Arabic, Islam, tropical weather, monsoons Ibn-Battuta travels through Muslim world
Tropical climates present difficulties, and many different cultures emerge throughout the tropics Hunting and gathering Biological changes among population (Pygmys) Animal domestication Water control & irrigation
Delhi Sultinate (1206-1526) canal system/dry season Mineral wealth
Monsoons
Tropical Islam Mali (Bilad al-sudan)
Founded by Africans who earlier converted to Islam Mostly learned of Islam through trade, not force Islam appealed to poor (alms) and leaders (military, admin)
Grew rich through Sub-Saharan trade/gold Sundiata leads Malinke people to victory, founds Mali Mansa Musa’s pilgrimage to Mecca, gold & edu. Mansa Suleiman & Ibn-Battuta’s travels
Sultanate of Delhi (India) Turkish Muslims easily defeat small Indian states
Eventually recognized as official by caliph, pacified Some sultans tolerant, most used terror to control land
Muslim infighting and Hindu challenges end Delhi Sultanate Bahmani Empire (Muslim) Vijayanager Empire (Hindu)
Ibn Battuta
Timbuktu
African Christianity
Early Christian communities established in N. Africa
c. 350: Kingdom of Axum converts to Christianity Ethiopian kingdom, Bible translated Solomonic dynasty claims ties to David and
Solomon Ethiopia remains Christian island, surrounded by
Islam Ethiopian Christianity takes on unique qualities
Indian Ocean 1200: Indian Ocean=world’s richest trade zone
Western trade made on dhows (Indian ships) Eastern trade made on junks (Chinese ships)
Swahili Africa & Zimbabwe (Sawahil al-sudan) Arab and Iranian merchants establish trade on Swahili Coast
looking for gold Trading towns and economies emerge on east coast Gold came from Great Zimbabwe
Inland kingdom on plateau south of Zambezi River Declined due to ecological disaster
Aden Rich and tolerant trading post in South Arabia
The Malabar Coast and Gujarat Grows rich from exporting cotton and indigo West Large textile manufacturing center
Malacca Main port city between Indian Ocean & South China Sea Cosmopolitan city
Cultural Changes Growth of noble and slave populations Swahili mosques combine local materials with
Middle Eastern architectural styles Hindu architecture influences mosque designs Islam spreads literacy in Africa & Asia
Urdu Persian influenced Hindi literature Arabic speaking Quarnic schools in Timbuktu
Status of Hindu women rise, but harems abound Tropical women produce most of the farm work Converting to Islam gave women more rights
Not all Arab social norms followed Islam, some non-Arab Muslim women had more rights than Arab women
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