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Transition from the Transition from the Middle Ages to the Middle Ages to the
RenaissanceRenaissance
Feudal PyramidFeudal Pyramid
King
Lord
Vassal
Knight
Serf or Peasant or Townspeople
Decline of FeudalismDecline of Feudalism
►1. Attacks on the Church1. Attacks on the Church
►2. The Black Death2. The Black Death
►3. The Hundred Years War 3. The Hundred Years War
The Church WeakensThe Church Weakens
► Medieval Monarchs opposed the Medieval Monarchs opposed the Church’s political power because:Church’s political power because:
1.1. Clergy and monasteries did not pay Clergy and monasteries did not pay royal taxes. $ sent to Rome instead of royal taxes. $ sent to Rome instead of Royal treasuryRoyal treasury
2.2. Church courts competed with royal Church courts competed with royal courtscourts
3.3. Church officials interfered in political Church officials interfered in political matters.matters.
Church WeakensChurch Weakens
►Babylonian Captivity (1309 -1378)Babylonian Captivity (1309 -1378)
►The Great Schism 1378 The Great Schism 1378 ►* One Pope in Avignon, one in Rome* One Pope in Avignon, one in Rome
►Demands for reformDemands for reform►* John Wycliff* John Wycliff►* John Huss* John Huss
Picture from John Wycliff’s Bible
THE TRIUMPH OF DEATHTHE TRIUMPH OF DEATH
Pieter Brueghel "the Elder" (c.1530-1569) Pieter Brueghel "the Elder" (c.1530-1569)
The Black PlagueThe Black Plague
► Forms: pneumonic plague; septicemic Forms: pneumonic plague; septicemic plague; bubonic plagueplague; bubonic plague
► Spread – Silk Road through Gobi DesertSpread – Silk Road through Gobi Desert• Began in Sicily in 1347, hit Russia within 6 Began in Sicily in 1347, hit Russia within 6
yearsyears
Factor that led to spread = IgnoranceFactor that led to spread = Ignorance
BLACK PLAGUE KILLED 1/3 OF THE BLACK PLAGUE KILLED 1/3 OF THE POPULATIONPOPULATION
The Black PlagueThe Black Plague
On the Left: The second pandemic of the Black Death in Europe (1347-51)
Joan of ArcJoan of Arc
Hundred Years WarHundred Years War
War between France and Great BritainWar between France and Great Britain
►1337-14531337-1453►English were winning for first 90 years English were winning for first 90 years
due to advancements in technology.due to advancements in technology. Long bowLong bow CannonsCannons MercinariesMercinaries
►1429 Joan of Arc led French Forces1429 Joan of Arc led French Forces►Absolute rule instituted by Louis XIAbsolute rule instituted by Louis XI
Medieval Marketplace Medieval Marketplace
Town LifeTown Life
► Middle AgesMiddle Ages
- towns were small and - towns were small and based on agriculture; based on agriculture; people lived in the people lived in the countrysidecountryside
- nobles held most nobles held most power; owned land and power; owned land and provided knights for provided knights for protectionprotection
- Status determined by Status determined by birthrightbirthright
► RenaissanceRenaissance- towns grew society towns grew society
began to be based on began to be based on commerce; people commerce; people moved to citiesmoved to cities
- Middle class gains Middle class gains power; limited power of power; limited power of feudal lords through feudal lords through charters; organized charters; organized banksbanks
- Status determined by Status determined by wealth and abilitywealth and ability
Growth of Italian City StatesGrowth of Italian City States
Rise of RenaissanceRise of Renaissance
►1. Growth of Cities1. Growth of Cities
►2. Rise of Merchant/Middle 2. Rise of Merchant/Middle classclass
►3. Rise of Humanism3. Rise of Humanism
RenaissanceRenaissance
Definition:Definition:
Rebirth of Rebirth of ancient Greek ancient Greek and Roman and Roman art, learning art, learning and cultureand culture
FIVE THEMESFIVE THEMES►IndividualismIndividualism►WorldlinessWorldliness►LearningLearning►AntiquityAntiquity►ReformReform
HumanismHumanism
Individualism:Individualism:- belief in the belief in the
human potentialhuman potential
Learning:Learning:
-studied Greek, -studied Greek, Latin, astronomy, Latin, astronomy, math, literature, math, literature, history history
Petrarch
ANTIQUITY- ANCIENT GREEK AND ROMAN CULTURE
Age of DiscoveryAge of Discovery
►WorldlinessWorldliness
►1492 1492 Columbus Columbus sailed the sailed the ocean blueocean blue
Protestant ReformationProtestant Reformation
►Reform:Reform:
-challenge the -challenge the old orderold order
-rise of -rise of secularismsecularism
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